Nikolai Friesen
University of Osnabrück, Biology Botanical Garden, Faculty Member
The taxonomy of the Allium saxatile group (sect. Oreiprason) has been studied recently upon morphological and molecular data. New specimens collected from the European part of Turkey near the Istranca Mountains and identified as 'A.... more
The taxonomy of the Allium saxatile group (sect. Oreiprason) has been studied recently upon morphological and molecular data. New specimens collected from the European part of Turkey near the Istranca Mountains and identified as 'A. saxa-tile' proved to be a new species confirmed by sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and two plastid DNA regions (rpl32–trnL and trnL–trnF) and supported by morphological characters. Allium urusakiorum, a new species from the A. saxatile group, is described here through living and herbarium specimens. It is the only species of the sect. Oreiprason in the country and seems to be an endemic species of the Turkish flora. Characteristics of the species include morphological description, identification key, molecular dataset, and karyotype (2n = 16).
Allium palaestinum, a long-forgotten taxon of arid Israel and Jordan, is re-described here. The new description is based on Kolmann’s work in 1971 and on living plants and fresh herbarium specimens. Independence of the species is... more
Allium palaestinum, a long-forgotten taxon of arid Israel and Jordan, is re-described here. The new description is based on Kolmann’s work in 1971 and on living plants and fresh herbarium specimens. Independence of the species is confirmed not only by differing morphological and ecological features of the nearest related Allium species, but also by molecular methods. Hence, the species is no longer treated within Allium neapolitanum. Discussion on phylogeography, distribution, conservation status and habitat is provided.
Zusammenfassung: Zur Erhaltung genetischer Ressourcen, wissenschaftlicher Forschung und im Rahmen zentraler Informationsdatenbanken sind Ex situ-Sammlungen in Form von Genbanken notwendig. Die Botanischen Gärten sollten Saatgutgenbanken... more
Zusammenfassung: Zur Erhaltung genetischer Ressourcen, wissenschaftlicher Forschung und im Rahmen zentraler Informationsdatenbanken sind Ex situ-Sammlungen in Form von Genbanken notwendig. Die Botanischen Gärten sollten Saatgutgenbanken von Wildpflanzen zukünftig aufbauen bzw. etablieren, um die Erhaltungsmaßnahmen und den Schutz der natürlichen pflanzengenetischen Ressourcen weiter vo-ranzubringen. Am Botanischen Garten der Universität Osnabrück ist eine Genbank für Wildpflanzen eingerichtet worden, die insbesondere Saatgut gefährdeter Gefäßpflanzenarten Nordwestdeutschlands beherbergt und unter trockenen Bedingungen bei minus 20°C in speziellen Alu-Polyethylenfolien aufbewahrt. Gegenwärtig befinden sich 1800 Saatgutproben von 620 Wildpflanzenarten aus 65 Pflanzenfamilien in der Genbank. In einer Access basierten Datenbank ist jeder Beleg auch online abrufbar (www.wildpflanzen-genbank.de) und im Herbarium "OSBU" der AG Botanik als Belegexemplar hinterlegt. Wir planen die ...
Blattner, F.R. & Friesen, N. 2006. Chapter 10. Relationship between Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum) and its putative progenitor A. ramosum as assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). In: M.A. Zeder, D. Decker-Walters, D. Bradley, & B.D. Smith (Eds.) Documenting Domestication: New Gen...more
The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA was sequenced from 195 representative species of Allium, two species of Nothoscordum, and one species each of Ipheion, Dichelostemma, and Tulbaghia. Within the Allium... more
The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA was sequenced from 195 representative species of Allium, two species of Nothoscordum, and one species each of Ipheion, Dichelostemma, and Tulbaghia. Within the Allium species the lengths of the ITS regions were in a range from 612 to 661 base pairs and pairwise genetic distances reached up to 46%. The ITS data supported the inclusion of Nectaroscordum, Caloscordum, and Milula into Allium. Subgenera Rhizir-ideum and Allium, as well as sects. Reticulatobulbosa and Oreiprason were non-monophyletic taxa. Based on the phylogenetic relations, a new classification of genus Allium consisting of 15 monophy-letic subgenera is presented. Sections Microscordum, Anguinum, Porphyroprason, Vvedenskya, Bu-tomissa, Cyathophora, and Reticulatobulbosa are raised to subgeneric rank.
Generic placement of the Tibetan Dontostemon tibeticus known before 2000 as Nasturtium tibeticum is discussed in the light of available molecular and morphological data. The species is a representative of the newly described genus... more
Generic placement of the Tibetan Dontostemon tibeticus known before 2000 as Nasturtium tibeticum is discussed in the light of available molecular and morphological data. The species is a representative of the newly described genus Shehbazia. In view of the purported intertribal (Chorisporeae × Dontostemoneae) hybrid origin of the genus, we establish the tribe Shehbazieae to accommodate Shehbazia correctly into the currently accepted system of Cruciferae. Morphological and molecular evidences of the hybrid origin of the taxon are briefly discussed.
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Two new Allium species were collected in the Vanch and Darvaz mountain ranges of western Pamir area. Despite inflorescence and flowers of A. vallivanchense R.M.Fritsch & N.Friesen sp. nova are similar to A. hymenorrhizum, the new species... more
Two new Allium species were collected in the Vanch and Darvaz mountain ranges of western Pamir area. Despite inflorescence and flowers of A. vallivanchense R.M.Fritsch & N.Friesen sp. nova are similar to A. hymenorrhizum, the new species shows a widely extended (not clustered) growth form, fiber-like decomposing to reticulate (not strip-like) bulb tunics, shorter and finally somewhat pending (not strictly upright) leaf blades, relatively shorter leaf sheathes, narrow (inner ones bidentate) filaments, and narrower and mucronate (not obtuse) tepals. The flower characters agree well to other taxa of sect. Falcatifolia, but the leaf and bulb characters disagree. Preliminary molecular investigations using ITS as well as rbc L-atp B sequences pointed to a position as sister group of sect. Campanulata. The latter section owns dissimilar characters of inflorescences and flowers. Therefore affiliation of A. vallivanchense to sect. Falcatifolia seems the better solution currently.Allium oreotadzhikorum R.M.Fritsch sp. nova belongs to the taxonomically unclear alliance of A. talassicum sensu Vved. (sect. Oreiprason) and is characterized by violet (not whitish) filaments, and cylindrical (not semi-cylindrical), coarse leaves becoming tubular only when withering. The taxonomically probably incorrect application of the name A. talassicum Regel by Vvedensky is discussed. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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A taxonomic revision of the smallest subgenus of Allium in Turkey (subgen. Rhizirideum) is presented including a key, synonymy and distribution of all taxa. A total of eight species is recognized and grouped into five sections including... more
A taxonomic revision of the smallest subgenus of Allium in Turkey (subgen. Rhizirideum) is presented including a key, synonymy and distribution of all taxa. A total of eight species is recognized and grouped into five sections including one new species A. pseudoalbidum.Eine taxonomische Revision der kleinsten Untergattung der Gattung Allium in der Türkei (subgen. Rhizirideum) einschließlich eines Bestimmungsschlüssels, der Synonymie und der Verbreitung für alle Arten wird vorgelegt; acht Arten aus fünf Sektionen werden akzeptiert, einschließlich einer neuen Art – A. pseudoalbidum.
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Research Interests: Genetics, Ecological Economics, Genetic Diversity, Plant Genetic Resources, Ex Situ Conservation, and 12 moreRaw materials, South America, Information Service, Convention on Biological Diversity, Southern Hemisphere, Geographic distribution, Woody Plants, Functional Group, Public awareness, Plant species, Medicinal Plant, and Vegetative Propagation
A taxonomic revision of the genus Allium in Mongolia is presented including a key, complete synonymy and distribution for all taxa with distribution maps. A total of 44 species is recognized and grouped into two subgenera and 11 sections.... more
A taxonomic revision of the genus Allium in Mongolia is presented including a key, complete synonymy and distribution for all taxa with distribution maps. A total of 44 species is recognized and grouped into two subgenera and 11 sections. Most of the species (96%) belong to the subgenus Rhizirideum.Eine taxonomisache Revision der Gattung Allium in der Mongolei einschließlich eines Bestimmungsschlüssels, der gesamten Synonymie und der Verbreitungskarten für alle Arten wird vorgelegt. 44 Arten aus zwei Untergattungen und 11 Sektionen werden akzeptiert. Die meisten Arten (96%) gehören zur Untergattung Rhizirideum.
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CHAPTER 1 Documenting Domestication Bringing Together Plants, Animals, Archaeology, and Genetics MELINDA A. ZEDER, DANIEL G. BRADLEY, EVE EMSHWILLER, AND BRUCE D. SMITH Introduction Domesticates and the process of their domestication have... more
CHAPTER 1 Documenting Domestication Bringing Together Plants, Animals, Archaeology, and Genetics MELINDA A. ZEDER, DANIEL G. BRADLEY, EVE EMSHWILLER, AND BRUCE D. SMITH Introduction Domesticates and the process of their domestication have been central, ...
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Abstract: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to study the phylogenetic relationships between species in Allium section Schoenoprasum and for the investigation of the intraspecific differentiation of A.... more
Abstract: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to study the phylogenetic relationships between species in Allium section Schoenoprasum and for the investigation of the intraspecific differentiation of A. schoenoprasum. RAPD analysis of 39 samples representing eight species of sect. Schoenoprasum and one sample of A. atrosanguineum (sect. Annuloprasum) resulted in 233 interpretable RAPD bands. The analysis clearly distinguishes the species of section Schoenoprasum. The arrangement of the accessions of A. schoenoprasum in all dendrograms mirrors the geographical distribution, with a clear differentiation between an Asian and European subgroup. Within the European group, Scandinavian material is clearly distinct from S and E European material. Informally described morphological types of A. schoenoprasum could not be confirmed by RAPD analysis but represent recurrent ecological adaptations. A combination of phenetic (UPGMA, neighbour-joining analysis), cladistic (parsimony analysis), and statistical (PCA) methods of data analysis resulted in clearer phylogenetic interpretations than each of the methods facilitates when used separately.