Joao Constancio
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Philosophy, Faculty Member
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- João Constâncio is a Full Professor of Philosophy at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), where he teaches since 19... moreJoão Constâncio is a Full Professor of Philosophy at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), where he teaches since 1996. He earned his PhD there in 2005 with a dissertation on Plato. He is currently the Head of the Department, as well as Director of the research institute for philosophy (IFILNOVA). He is the author of Arte e niilismo: Nietzsche e o enigma do mundo (Lisboa, tinta-da-china, 2013)edit
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Sofia
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Nietzsche's metaphor of the spider that spins its cobweb expresses his critique of the metaphysical use of language - but it also suggests that "we, spiders", are able to spin different, life-affirming, non-metaphysical... more
Nietzsche's metaphor of the spider that spins its cobweb expresses his critique of the metaphysical use of language - but it also suggests that "we, spiders", are able to spin different, life-affirming, non-metaphysical cobwebs. This book focuses not only on Nietzsche's critique of the metaphysical assumptions of language, but also on his effort to use language in a different way, i.e., to create a "new language." It is from this viewpoint that the book considers such themes as consciousness, the self, metaphor, instinct, affectivity, style, morality, truth, and knowledge.
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Em Para uma Genealogia da Moral, Nietzsche define o niilismo como “a ‘última vontade’ do homem, a sua vontade do nada” (GM/GM, III, §14). O presente texto sustenta que esta definição é, pelo menos, tão crucial como outras geralmente mais... more
Em Para uma Genealogia da Moral, Nietzsche define o niilismo como “a ‘última vontade’ do homem, a sua vontade do nada” (GM/GM, III, §14). O presente texto sustenta que esta definição é, pelo menos, tão crucial como outras geralmente mais analisadas. Ao ligar o conceito de niilismo com o conceito de “vontade”, tal definição aponta, em primeiro lugar, para a necessidade de se tentar compreender este conceito em conexão com os conceitos schopenhauerianos de “vontade” e de “pessimismo”. Em segundo lugar, aquela definição indicia que, para Nietzsche, o “niilismo” não é propriamente uma “doutrina”, mas um fenômeno “fisiológico”. Deste ponto de vista, o presente texto procura mostrar como o conceito nietzschiano de “decadência” é fundamental para que se compreenda adequadamente o conceito de niilismo. Pensando o niilismo em conexão com os conceitos de pessimismo e de decadência, procuraremos mostrar em que sentido se trata nele de reduzir o mundo a um “nada”.
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The article is divided in three main parts. The first part shows that the first three chapters of the second essay of On the Genealogy of Morality (1887) give a genealogical account of the emergence of reason in human history, and that... more
The article is divided in three main parts. The first part shows that the first three chapters of the second essay of On the Genealogy of Morality (1887) give a genealogical account of the emergence of reason in human history, and that this account involves the claim that reason is a development of human engagement with social rules: Nietzsche understands the emergence of reason as the emergence of a normative space of reasons. The second part interrogates Nietzsche’s conception of value, purpose, and meaning in order to show that he is not a proponent of any version of “bald naturalism”: he does not equate what is “really real” with a natural world of causation devoid of value, purpose, and meaning. The third part of the article shows that, although Nietzsche’s perspectivism does not assign to the space of reasons the status of a purely autonomous realm of justification, he does not dismiss rational normativity, or the space of reasons, as merely illusory. Nietzschean genealogy is ...
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Quando reflectimos filosoficamente sobre a história do cinema, uma das principais questões que podemos e devemos levantar é a de saber como foi que o cinema, ao longo da sua história, adaptou (pelo menos no essencial) a interpretação... more
Quando reflectimos filosoficamente sobre a história do cinema, uma das principais questões que podemos e devemos levantar é a de saber como foi que o cinema, ao longo da sua história, adaptou (pelo menos no essencial) a interpretação aristotélica do que é, mas também do que deve ser, uma estrutura narrativa. Este artigo procura mostrar como, de facto, o cinema clássico americano pensa a narrativa em termos aristotélicos, mas também lhe dá uma forma nova, que é especificamente cinematográfica. Para defender esta tese, o artigo faz uso de dois exemplos: a cinematografia americana de Ernst Lubitsch e a de Billy Wilder.
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In On The Genealogy of Morals , Nietzsche defines nihilism as "the 'last will' of man, his will to nothingness" (GM/GM, III, 14). This article argues that this definition is as crucial as others more usually considered.... more
In On The Genealogy of Morals , Nietzsche defines nihilism as "the 'last will' of man, his will to nothingness" (GM/GM, III, 14). This article argues that this definition is as crucial as others more usually considered. By linking the concept of nihilism to the concept of "will", this definition first points out the need to understand this concept in connection with Schopenhauer's concept of "will" and "pessimism". Second, this definition suggests that, for Nietzsche, "nihilism" is not exactly a "doctrine", but a "physiological" phenomenon. From this point of view, this article seeks to show how the nietzschean concept of "decadence" is fundamental for the proper understanding of the concept of nihilism. By thinking nihilism in connection with the concepts of "pessimism" and "decadence", I will examine how this concept consists in reducing the world to a "nothingness&...
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(with J. Constâncio) In: A. Rosenberg & J. Westfall (eds.), Foucault and Nietzsche: A Critical Encounter, London / Oxford / New York / New Delhi / Sydney, Bloomsbury, 2018, pp. 203-225.
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Research Interests: Philosophy and Nihilism
Research Interests: Philosophy, Self and Identity, Hegel, Gilles Deleuze, Friedrich Nietzsche, and 13 moreMartin Heidegger, Sigmund Freud, Schopenhauer, Consciousness, René Descartes, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Immanuel Kant, Baruch Spinoza, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Niklas Luhmann, Subjectivity, and Philosophy of the Subject
In aphorism 191 of Beyond Good and Evil (BGE 191), Nietzsche criticizes the traditional opposition between instinct and reason. His main concern in this aphorism is the way philosophy, since Plato, has tried to avoid facing the Socratic... more
In aphorism 191 of Beyond Good and Evil (BGE 191), Nietzsche criticizes the traditional opposition between instinct and reason. His main concern in this aphorism is the way philosophy, since Plato, has tried to avoid facing the Socratic paradox that it is not ...
Research Interests: Philosophy and Instinct
Nietzsche's metaphor of the spider that spins its cobweb expresses his critique of the metaphysical use of language - but it also suggests that "we, spiders", are able to spin different, life-affirming, non-metaphysical... more
Nietzsche's metaphor of the spider that spins its cobweb expresses his critique of the metaphysical use of language - but it also suggests that "we, spiders", are able to spin different, life-affirming, non-metaphysical cobwebs. This book focuses not only on Nietzsche's critique of the metaphysical assumptions of language, but also on his effort to use language in a different way, i.e., to create a "new language." It is from this viewpoint that the book considers such themes as consciousness, the self, metaphor, instinct, affectivity, style, morality, truth, and knowledge.
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p. cm.(Nietzsche today, ISSN 2191-5741) Includes bibliographical references (p.) and indexes. ISBN 978-3-11-024656-8 (hardcover: alk. paper) 1. Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 18441900Congresses. 2. Language and... more
p. cm.(Nietzsche today, ISSN 2191-5741) Includes bibliographical references (p.) and indexes. ISBN 978-3-11-024656-8 (hardcover: alk. paper) 1. Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 18441900Congresses. 2. Language and languagesPhilosophyCongresses. 3. ...
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1. Konstantin Broese / Matthias Koßler / Barbara Salaquarda (Hg.), Die Deutung der Welt. Jörg Salaquardas Schriften zu Arthur Schopenhauer (Beiträge zur Philosophie Schopenhauers, Bd. 8), Würzburg (Königshausen & Neumann) 2007, 282... more
1. Konstantin Broese / Matthias Koßler / Barbara Salaquarda (Hg.), Die Deutung der Welt. Jörg Salaquardas Schriften zu Arthur Schopenhauer (Beiträge zur Philosophie Schopenhauers, Bd. 8), Würzburg (Königshausen & Neumann) 2007, 282 S., ISBN 978-3-8260-3674-3. 2. Dieter Birnbacher / Andreas Urs Sommer (Hg.), Moralkritik bei Schopenhauer und Nietzsche (Beiträge zur Philosophie Schopenhauers, Bd. 13), Würzburg (Königs hau sen & Neumann) 2013, 271 S., ISBN 978-3-8260-5081-7.
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O artigo é uma reflexão sobre o modo como, na "Genealogia da Moral", Nietzsche repensa "o problema estético" a partir da oposição entre a concepção kantiana do belo como predicado de um juízo "desinteressado"... more
O artigo é uma reflexão sobre o modo como, na "Genealogia da Moral", Nietzsche repensa "o problema estético" a partir da oposição entre a concepção kantiana do belo como predicado de um juízo "desinteressado" e a concepção stendhaliana do belo como efeito de uma…
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O artigo tentar mostrar três coisas: primeiro que, embora Nietzsche rejeite alguns dos aspectos mais importantes da famosa metafísica da vontade que se encontra no centro de toda a filosofia de Schopenhauer, tal metafísica não deixa por... more
O artigo tentar mostrar três coisas: primeiro que, embora Nietzsche rejeite alguns dos aspectos mais importantes da famosa metafísica da vontade que se encontra no centro de toda a filosofia de Schopenhauer, tal metafísica não deixa por isso de ser o ponto de partida da sua análise do “facto fundamental da vontade humana” na Genealogia da Moral; depois, que o modo como Schopenhauer entende o ascetismo e a “negação da vontade” tem uma importância crucial para a compreensão da concepção nietzschiana do “ideal ascético” e de uma “vontade do nada” como vontade ascética; por fim, que a interpretação daquilo a que Nietzsche chama “niilismo” na Genealogia e, em geral, na sua obra não pode dispensar a reflexão sobre o modo como Nietzsche e Schopenhauer pensam o ascetismo e a ideia de uma “vontade do nada”. Este último ponto implica a revisão crítica de importantes interpretações do niilismo em Nietzsche, como a de Stegmaier e a de van Tongeren.
Research Interests: Philosophy and Sofia
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The chapter shows that Schopenhauer remains a major influence in Nietzsche’s mature thought. In particular, Nietzsche’s conception of the “basic fact of the human will,” the “ascetic ideal,” and “nihilism ” in On the Genealogy of Morality... more
The chapter shows that Schopenhauer remains a major influence in Nietzsche’s mature thought. In particular, Nietzsche’s conception of the “basic fact of the human will,” the “ascetic ideal,” and “nihilism ” in On the Genealogy of Morality cannot be understood independently of Schopenhauer’s conception of an ascetic “will to nothingness.”
This volume is the first to adress in a comprehensive way one of the main issues raised by Nietzsche’s thought. “The Problem of Subjectivity” has become crucial in recent debates in Nietzschean scholarship and is key to understanding... more
This volume is the first to adress in a comprehensive way one of the main issues raised by Nietzsche’s thought. “The Problem of Subjectivity” has become crucial in recent debates in Nietzschean scholarship and is key to understanding Nietzsche’s relation to the whole of modern philosophy, as well as his tremendous impact on philosophy from the time of his death till today. The collection assembles 25 essays by some of the finest Nietzsche scholars. Nietzsche’s critique of subjectivity is often presented as a radical break with Modern Philosophy and associated with the so-called “death of the Subject” in 20th Century philosophy. But Nietzsche claimed to be a “psychologist” who merely tried to open up the path for “new versions and sophistications of the soul hypothesis”. The volume discusses these issues in four sections: I. “Tradition and Context” deals with the relation between Nietzsche’s views on subjectivity and the whole of modern philosophy (from Descartes to Hegel and Kierkeg...