Traditional art of building in Bosnia and Herzegovina comprises brick or stone masonry structures... more Traditional art of building in Bosnia and Herzegovina comprises brick or stone masonry structures. Most historical buildings belonging to national cultural heritage were made of stone-masonry. The country is situated in seismic active region of South-East Europe. In the case of strong earthquake motion such buildings could suffer heavy damages. Some structural elements of historical buildings, as domes and arches, cracked already by moderate earthquake but without the loss of stability. Substantial damages were caused by recent war disaster. Damages could be accumulated through the history as well. Generally, stone-masonry buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina can be classified in vulnerability classes between A and C according to European Macroseismic Scale. Design and construction procedures for rehabilitation are presented here with examples of repair and strengthening of mosques, which present historical stone masonry structures dating from the Ottoman period in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Traditional and contemporary materials were used for their rehabilitation. It is important to preserve original forms, especially those of damaged elements. The challenge for structural engineers and architects was to find equilibrium between aesthetical and structural demands.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
The unexpected loss of values, as one result of the total destruction during the armed conflicts ... more The unexpected loss of values, as one result of the total destruction during the armed conflicts and war, put us on the challenge to properly decide about methods of rehabilitation, and integrating and understanding values and actions that could vary from restoration to, in many cases, even full reconstruction. During the 1992-1995 war in BiH, many valuable assets of cultural heritage like national monuments, historical places, and historical structures were damaged and/or destroyed. After the aggression, the first step has been to regain and/or establish the function of the places destroyed, while for the cultural heritage assets these attempts called for the approaches more careful. It is not only that the importance or the significance of places and structures destructed is different, the level of destruction also is. These inputs are essential in having preparedness for any action when without possibilities to rely on unique methodology. Even though it is now 20 years after the ...
In order to establish a strong link between contemporary life and heritage legacy for future gene... more In order to establish a strong link between contemporary life and heritage legacy for future generations, it is important to respect various socio-economic changes. Recognition of such changes and personal awareness are all about discovering the inevitability of change. Heritage management is founded on safeguarding the values heritage structures represent by promoting involved participation from the moment of their protection. An interdisciplinary approach is a crucial tool to achieve the highest standard of heritage protection and to solve the aforementioned challenges. Recognizing the value of cultural heritage monuments is a key step towards ensuring their proper maintenance and protection. Today, as we witness the contemporary changes, thoughts about cultural heritage invoke a deeper understanding of the values of all historical periods equally. Facing the time of global culture(s), contemporary approaches to the conservation and management of cultural heritage at present seek for the activities that will allow a better connectedness between the place where we live and our cultural activities and experiences, all in order to define identity through a process of cultural homogenization and cultural heterogenization. The best way to preserve valuable historical buildings is to raise awareness of their value, in order to gain the necessary knowledge on ways of their maintenance. It is also important that the building is going to be utilized in a way that respects its historic value.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Feb 24, 2019
Abstract. In a post conflict zone, restoration of monuments is not only a scientific or technical... more Abstract. In a post conflict zone, restoration of monuments is not only a scientific or technical matter but also a highly symbolic and emotional act of reclaiming culture, identity and urban form. In Bosnia and Herzegovina minarets are shaped by local building traditions and materials, influenced by the ottoman classical minaret format. Most of the prominent mosques have stone minarets, especially in regions abundant with suitable stone and craftsmanship. Wooden minarets were usually built alongside local neighbourhood mosques and they defined city image due to their frequent occurrence in most parts of the urban core. Restoration of these two types of minarets is significantly different mainly due to the nature of the material itself. Interventions on stone minarets were carried out through reconstruction and re-composition of elements, based on documentation about the structure. Stone remains were actually the prime source of information for geometry and breadth of the minaret body and for the complex structural considerations – mainly how to counteract the tension forces. Restoration of wooden minarets had its own challenges, due to the fact that after a major destruction its parts could not be reused and there was less available documentation about the original state. The paper will consider different parameters and make a comparative analysis on both typologies, from materials, structure, aspects of intervention and their subsequent role in restoring the historic urban landscape.
ABOUT CONFERENCE AND CONFERENCE AIMS Masonry structures are the heart of civilization as we under... more ABOUT CONFERENCE AND CONFERENCE AIMS Masonry structures are the heart of civilization as we understand it - foundations, backbone, and underlying form. Historically constructed of stone, brick or other more accessible materials in their context such as mud etc. they have contributed to creating what we now might consider inspiring or ‘picturesque’ settlements around the world, whether still in use or as vocal remains from past. The builders of the time, whether local village tradesmen or master masons, transmitted their knowledge of effective ways of building in or for given contexts. These ideas and methods spread throughout their own regions, and further afield, to be adapted as required to cater for differing climatic, social, religious or political needs as suited to their time. As witness to those past needs and processes these constructs can be read and interpreted in many ways, and in current times much of this knowledge and our own culture’s fundamental relationship with those skills and earth grown materials thrives as a powerful living tradition. Over time historic buildings become exposed to widely differing challenges. Today, many old masonry structures may often be perceived as ‘decayed’ due to degradation by force of nature, force majeure or as a consequence of passing time and simple neglect. Sometimes caused by inappropriate interventions, reversible or irreversible, made without understanding of possible consequences. Additional layers of value in our perception of historic structures may come from not only the built artefacts themselves but by tracing old industrial sites of brick production or stone quarries from which stones were taken, discovering and understanding manufacturing technologies and traditional buildings techniques. In brief, decay of these structures varies hugely in its scale and nature, but often we love and value those decayed structures beyond their historic, social, political, memorial or religious importance, through innate human need and emotional appeal, maybe we ‘need’ them for our own social and mental stability in our increasingly challenging world? How though might we perceive this decay technically? As a matter of physical degradation only, as visible traces of history, or as something else. If a structure is considered to be of value then these questions open pathways to the issue of intervention – preservation, conservation, or even none? Inappropriate intervention to buildings or structures risks losing the patina that creates their charm or cause further damage. Attempting to understand all the possible values, whether historic, architectural, aesthetic, artistic or intangible while determining potential action in contemporary time, is to question our response to decay: should the actual decay become a part of the buildings‘ future – what would that mean? At the 5th International Conference "The Importance of Place-The Charm of Built Heritage Decay" 2021, we are anticipating discussions around patterns of decay, including metaphysical attributes. We are inviting distinguished guests, including professionals in the discipline of heritage engagement to share and discuss their experiences, knowledge, points of view, and potential interventions on the masonry building, the relationship between patina and new additions, opinions around preservation and conservation alongside wider attitudes towards decay, and its eternal intrinsic appeal.
ABSTRACT Selection of characteristics, specially geometrical characteristics of structure, depend... more ABSTRACT Selection of characteristics, specially geometrical characteristics of structure, depends on many factors: knowledge of construction and implementation of that knowledge during construction work; Experience of architect or designer; seismicity of the region and availability of materials for construction on that area. Depending on type of used material and cross-sectional dimensions, structure can have considerable weight and significantly inertial forces can occur during oscilation. In the case of an eccentrical position of mass, rotation of object can be caused during horizontal load. Materials can be classified globally in two charcateristic groups, that between themselves are significantly different : brittle materials and plastic – tenacious materials (precisely: elastoplastic). When we are talking about masonry structures, the question about characteristics of materials that are used for bearing elements in the process of building of the wall, is of the high importance. Relations of the material strenght that are used in masonry structure are very uneven. Characteristics of material are always observed as sum of common effect parameters like composition of materials for masonry, brick and etc, adaptability to the form of structure is higher as dimensions of elements are smaller. There elemens are made of brittle materials and mostly they are embeded with use of mortar, that can have significant part in the appearance of structure. For engineers it has been always challenging to analyze and design these objects because of the complicated material characteristics that are used in their construction. Although masonry construction are used worldwide and they are in very simple structural schemes, they often, due to the inhomogeneity of the wall material, request very complicated methods for analyze so it could be correctly calculated and designed. Unlike Eurocode 6 1 , where the emphasis is on the mortar characteristics, Vitruvius 2 devotes much more attention to individual elements and it is still about traditional materials. Demands according to the Eurocod 6 are precisely defined by numbers and similar contemporary calculations of construction, that sometimes are very complicated and vast. Seems, to them, as the missing supplement exactly is this simple but complete practical view on the future structure, as shown at Vitruvius. Literally speaking, these two approaches can be called as allopathic and holistic approach. Safety of masonry 1 EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures. 2 Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (born c. 80–70 BC, died after c. 15 BC) was a Roman writer, architect and engineer, active in the 1 st century BC. He is best known as the author of the multi-volume work De Architectura libri decem (De architectura-On Architecture)-known today as The Ten Books on Architecture structures is not dependening on strenght of materials, as thought about the stability of the structure as the whole.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
In the protection of historical heritage evaluating the current state of a facility is a very imp... more In the protection of historical heritage evaluating the current state of a facility is a very important phase since it provides for the project framework and the decision-making guidelines, which is all crucial for the final goal – protection of Gradačac Old Town complex. There are several historical layers encompassed by Gradačac Old Town - starting from the medieval fortification system, expanding to the Ottomans’ period where main buildings (a residential tower, a clock tower, and a mosque) were added by the Ottomans, extending and continuing the works on adding a library and a gymnasium in the Austro-Hungarian period. The overall Complex flows with the natural morphology of the terrain; nowadays these green areas are used as the main city park. Complex of Gradačac has two separate fortification zones, the main area of around 33 000 m2, and the accentuated part with the tower, of around 3 000 m2. The fortification (The Old Town) ground plan is approximately a square one, with sid...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
Old masonry towers, in all their variety – be it a bell tower, a city tower, clock tower, inhabit... more Old masonry towers, in all their variety – be it a bell tower, a city tower, clock tower, inhabited residential towers, and/or guard/watchtowers – can be found all around the world representing typical urban centre feature, and in some cases –they are the countryside panorama landmark. Statics analysis and calculation are the first steps towards engineering interventions on cultural and historical heritage buildings. In the structural analysis of clock towers, the typical critical points and places where crucial damages that could lead to the collapse, are expected are in the top sections of the building - where the oscillation amplitude reaches its maximal value. Effect on building structure is observed concerning the oscillation frequency and building’s own frequency and energy, which can explain why minaret towers and high slim towers, in some cases, can better withstand earthquakes than extremely rigid buildings; given that the resonance, low-quality materials and other factors ...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
The paper deals with selected examples of clock towers in Bosnia and Herzegovina, representing hi... more The paper deals with selected examples of clock towers in Bosnia and Herzegovina, representing high masonry heritage buildings made of stone, and explains the approach used in their preservation and restoration. The aim of this paper is to present a specific method of conservation used on stone structures. Three clock towers from Bosnia and Herzegovina were selected as representative examples: Sarajevo Clock Tower from the 16th century is an example of well-preserved building; The Clock Tower in Gradačac, the youngest building of this type in Bosnia and Herzegovina, is in poor structural conditions and in danger of collapsing; The Clock Tower in Banja Luka, the first clock tower in Bosnia and Herzegovina, was demolished in 1993 but the reconstruction project is planned for the current year. This paper addresses the structural properties of masonry clock tower from the Ottoman period, with special attention to preservation, analysis and strengthening. These tasks are still a challeng...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Nowadays, masonry heritage buildings usually experience changes during exploitation. In areas of ... more Nowadays, masonry heritage buildings usually experience changes during exploitation. In areas of emphasized seismic risk, in cases of extensions, alterations to the original dimensions, reconstruction (the removal of bearing elements, replacement of materials, introduction of new fittings), or the subsequent erection of properties close by, with a comparison of the foundation levels change of use, refurbishment, extension, or additional building to an existing building. It is necessary to analyze the seismic aspect of such interventions in seismic prone areas. At first, we’ll focus on the legal and technical regulations. For start we’ll look back at UNESCO’s Program on Masonry Heritage, then domestic and regional legal and technical regulations and with all of that we will define the first step of the process. Next step would be a detailed registration of the current condition of the building, and also determining the characteristics of the embedded materials. The load bearing struc...
Ferhad-pašina džamija bila je podignuta na prostoru izmedju potoka Crkvine (Crkvene) i rijeke Vrb... more Ferhad-pašina džamija bila je podignuta na prostoru izmedju potoka Crkvine (Crkvene) i rijeke Vrbas, u nekadasnjem Donjem Šeheru. Kao jednu od svojih mnogobrojnih zadužbina Ferhadiju je podigao Ferhad-paša Sokolović. Način na koji je izgrađena ukazuje na Sinanova učenika koji je htio provjeriti nova konstruktivna rješenja i načiniti prototip za izgradnju zadužbine sultana Murata III u Manisi -džamiju Muradiju. Džamija Ferhadija djelo je mimara (graditelja) i muhendisa (inženjera) vrhunskog obrazovanja stečenog u Sinanovoj školi. Kompleks Ferhad pašine džamije čine i objekti : Turbe Ferhad -paše, Turbe njegovih bajraktara, te Safi-Kadunino Turbe (prema kazivanjima, radi se o unuci Ferhad-paše). Izvan zidova i harema džamije, koji je bio ograđen kameno-željeznom orijentalnom ogradom sa kapijom prema glavnoj banjalučkoj ulici (zapadna strana) bila je banjalučka sahat-kula, takodje, zadužbina Ferhad-paše i najvjerovatnije prvi javni sahat u Bosni i Hercegovini. Karakteristike koje Ferha...
Traditional art of building in Bosnia and Herzegovina comprises brick or stone masonry structures... more Traditional art of building in Bosnia and Herzegovina comprises brick or stone masonry structures. Most historical buildings belonging to national cultural heritage were made of stone-masonry. The country is situated in seismic active region of South-East Europe. In the case of strong earthquake motion such buildings could suffer heavy damages. Some structural elements of historical buildings, as domes and arches, cracked already by moderate earthquake but without the loss of stability. Substantial damages were caused by recent war disaster. Damages could be accumulated through the history as well. Generally, stone-masonry buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina can be classified in vulnerability classes between A and C according to European Macroseismic Scale. Design and construction procedures for rehabilitation are presented here with examples of repair and strengthening of mosques, which present historical stone masonry structures dating from the Ottoman period in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Traditional and contemporary materials were used for their rehabilitation. It is important to preserve original forms, especially those of damaged elements. The challenge for structural engineers and architects was to find equilibrium between aesthetical and structural demands.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
The unexpected loss of values, as one result of the total destruction during the armed conflicts ... more The unexpected loss of values, as one result of the total destruction during the armed conflicts and war, put us on the challenge to properly decide about methods of rehabilitation, and integrating and understanding values and actions that could vary from restoration to, in many cases, even full reconstruction. During the 1992-1995 war in BiH, many valuable assets of cultural heritage like national monuments, historical places, and historical structures were damaged and/or destroyed. After the aggression, the first step has been to regain and/or establish the function of the places destroyed, while for the cultural heritage assets these attempts called for the approaches more careful. It is not only that the importance or the significance of places and structures destructed is different, the level of destruction also is. These inputs are essential in having preparedness for any action when without possibilities to rely on unique methodology. Even though it is now 20 years after the ...
In order to establish a strong link between contemporary life and heritage legacy for future gene... more In order to establish a strong link between contemporary life and heritage legacy for future generations, it is important to respect various socio-economic changes. Recognition of such changes and personal awareness are all about discovering the inevitability of change. Heritage management is founded on safeguarding the values heritage structures represent by promoting involved participation from the moment of their protection. An interdisciplinary approach is a crucial tool to achieve the highest standard of heritage protection and to solve the aforementioned challenges. Recognizing the value of cultural heritage monuments is a key step towards ensuring their proper maintenance and protection. Today, as we witness the contemporary changes, thoughts about cultural heritage invoke a deeper understanding of the values of all historical periods equally. Facing the time of global culture(s), contemporary approaches to the conservation and management of cultural heritage at present seek for the activities that will allow a better connectedness between the place where we live and our cultural activities and experiences, all in order to define identity through a process of cultural homogenization and cultural heterogenization. The best way to preserve valuable historical buildings is to raise awareness of their value, in order to gain the necessary knowledge on ways of their maintenance. It is also important that the building is going to be utilized in a way that respects its historic value.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Feb 24, 2019
Abstract. In a post conflict zone, restoration of monuments is not only a scientific or technical... more Abstract. In a post conflict zone, restoration of monuments is not only a scientific or technical matter but also a highly symbolic and emotional act of reclaiming culture, identity and urban form. In Bosnia and Herzegovina minarets are shaped by local building traditions and materials, influenced by the ottoman classical minaret format. Most of the prominent mosques have stone minarets, especially in regions abundant with suitable stone and craftsmanship. Wooden minarets were usually built alongside local neighbourhood mosques and they defined city image due to their frequent occurrence in most parts of the urban core. Restoration of these two types of minarets is significantly different mainly due to the nature of the material itself. Interventions on stone minarets were carried out through reconstruction and re-composition of elements, based on documentation about the structure. Stone remains were actually the prime source of information for geometry and breadth of the minaret body and for the complex structural considerations – mainly how to counteract the tension forces. Restoration of wooden minarets had its own challenges, due to the fact that after a major destruction its parts could not be reused and there was less available documentation about the original state. The paper will consider different parameters and make a comparative analysis on both typologies, from materials, structure, aspects of intervention and their subsequent role in restoring the historic urban landscape.
ABOUT CONFERENCE AND CONFERENCE AIMS Masonry structures are the heart of civilization as we under... more ABOUT CONFERENCE AND CONFERENCE AIMS Masonry structures are the heart of civilization as we understand it - foundations, backbone, and underlying form. Historically constructed of stone, brick or other more accessible materials in their context such as mud etc. they have contributed to creating what we now might consider inspiring or ‘picturesque’ settlements around the world, whether still in use or as vocal remains from past. The builders of the time, whether local village tradesmen or master masons, transmitted their knowledge of effective ways of building in or for given contexts. These ideas and methods spread throughout their own regions, and further afield, to be adapted as required to cater for differing climatic, social, religious or political needs as suited to their time. As witness to those past needs and processes these constructs can be read and interpreted in many ways, and in current times much of this knowledge and our own culture’s fundamental relationship with those skills and earth grown materials thrives as a powerful living tradition. Over time historic buildings become exposed to widely differing challenges. Today, many old masonry structures may often be perceived as ‘decayed’ due to degradation by force of nature, force majeure or as a consequence of passing time and simple neglect. Sometimes caused by inappropriate interventions, reversible or irreversible, made without understanding of possible consequences. Additional layers of value in our perception of historic structures may come from not only the built artefacts themselves but by tracing old industrial sites of brick production or stone quarries from which stones were taken, discovering and understanding manufacturing technologies and traditional buildings techniques. In brief, decay of these structures varies hugely in its scale and nature, but often we love and value those decayed structures beyond their historic, social, political, memorial or religious importance, through innate human need and emotional appeal, maybe we ‘need’ them for our own social and mental stability in our increasingly challenging world? How though might we perceive this decay technically? As a matter of physical degradation only, as visible traces of history, or as something else. If a structure is considered to be of value then these questions open pathways to the issue of intervention – preservation, conservation, or even none? Inappropriate intervention to buildings or structures risks losing the patina that creates their charm or cause further damage. Attempting to understand all the possible values, whether historic, architectural, aesthetic, artistic or intangible while determining potential action in contemporary time, is to question our response to decay: should the actual decay become a part of the buildings‘ future – what would that mean? At the 5th International Conference "The Importance of Place-The Charm of Built Heritage Decay" 2021, we are anticipating discussions around patterns of decay, including metaphysical attributes. We are inviting distinguished guests, including professionals in the discipline of heritage engagement to share and discuss their experiences, knowledge, points of view, and potential interventions on the masonry building, the relationship between patina and new additions, opinions around preservation and conservation alongside wider attitudes towards decay, and its eternal intrinsic appeal.
ABSTRACT Selection of characteristics, specially geometrical characteristics of structure, depend... more ABSTRACT Selection of characteristics, specially geometrical characteristics of structure, depends on many factors: knowledge of construction and implementation of that knowledge during construction work; Experience of architect or designer; seismicity of the region and availability of materials for construction on that area. Depending on type of used material and cross-sectional dimensions, structure can have considerable weight and significantly inertial forces can occur during oscilation. In the case of an eccentrical position of mass, rotation of object can be caused during horizontal load. Materials can be classified globally in two charcateristic groups, that between themselves are significantly different : brittle materials and plastic – tenacious materials (precisely: elastoplastic). When we are talking about masonry structures, the question about characteristics of materials that are used for bearing elements in the process of building of the wall, is of the high importance. Relations of the material strenght that are used in masonry structure are very uneven. Characteristics of material are always observed as sum of common effect parameters like composition of materials for masonry, brick and etc, adaptability to the form of structure is higher as dimensions of elements are smaller. There elemens are made of brittle materials and mostly they are embeded with use of mortar, that can have significant part in the appearance of structure. For engineers it has been always challenging to analyze and design these objects because of the complicated material characteristics that are used in their construction. Although masonry construction are used worldwide and they are in very simple structural schemes, they often, due to the inhomogeneity of the wall material, request very complicated methods for analyze so it could be correctly calculated and designed. Unlike Eurocode 6 1 , where the emphasis is on the mortar characteristics, Vitruvius 2 devotes much more attention to individual elements and it is still about traditional materials. Demands according to the Eurocod 6 are precisely defined by numbers and similar contemporary calculations of construction, that sometimes are very complicated and vast. Seems, to them, as the missing supplement exactly is this simple but complete practical view on the future structure, as shown at Vitruvius. Literally speaking, these two approaches can be called as allopathic and holistic approach. Safety of masonry 1 EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures. 2 Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (born c. 80–70 BC, died after c. 15 BC) was a Roman writer, architect and engineer, active in the 1 st century BC. He is best known as the author of the multi-volume work De Architectura libri decem (De architectura-On Architecture)-known today as The Ten Books on Architecture structures is not dependening on strenght of materials, as thought about the stability of the structure as the whole.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
In the protection of historical heritage evaluating the current state of a facility is a very imp... more In the protection of historical heritage evaluating the current state of a facility is a very important phase since it provides for the project framework and the decision-making guidelines, which is all crucial for the final goal – protection of Gradačac Old Town complex. There are several historical layers encompassed by Gradačac Old Town - starting from the medieval fortification system, expanding to the Ottomans’ period where main buildings (a residential tower, a clock tower, and a mosque) were added by the Ottomans, extending and continuing the works on adding a library and a gymnasium in the Austro-Hungarian period. The overall Complex flows with the natural morphology of the terrain; nowadays these green areas are used as the main city park. Complex of Gradačac has two separate fortification zones, the main area of around 33 000 m2, and the accentuated part with the tower, of around 3 000 m2. The fortification (The Old Town) ground plan is approximately a square one, with sid...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
Old masonry towers, in all their variety – be it a bell tower, a city tower, clock tower, inhabit... more Old masonry towers, in all their variety – be it a bell tower, a city tower, clock tower, inhabited residential towers, and/or guard/watchtowers – can be found all around the world representing typical urban centre feature, and in some cases –they are the countryside panorama landmark. Statics analysis and calculation are the first steps towards engineering interventions on cultural and historical heritage buildings. In the structural analysis of clock towers, the typical critical points and places where crucial damages that could lead to the collapse, are expected are in the top sections of the building - where the oscillation amplitude reaches its maximal value. Effect on building structure is observed concerning the oscillation frequency and building’s own frequency and energy, which can explain why minaret towers and high slim towers, in some cases, can better withstand earthquakes than extremely rigid buildings; given that the resonance, low-quality materials and other factors ...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
The paper deals with selected examples of clock towers in Bosnia and Herzegovina, representing hi... more The paper deals with selected examples of clock towers in Bosnia and Herzegovina, representing high masonry heritage buildings made of stone, and explains the approach used in their preservation and restoration. The aim of this paper is to present a specific method of conservation used on stone structures. Three clock towers from Bosnia and Herzegovina were selected as representative examples: Sarajevo Clock Tower from the 16th century is an example of well-preserved building; The Clock Tower in Gradačac, the youngest building of this type in Bosnia and Herzegovina, is in poor structural conditions and in danger of collapsing; The Clock Tower in Banja Luka, the first clock tower in Bosnia and Herzegovina, was demolished in 1993 but the reconstruction project is planned for the current year. This paper addresses the structural properties of masonry clock tower from the Ottoman period, with special attention to preservation, analysis and strengthening. These tasks are still a challeng...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Nowadays, masonry heritage buildings usually experience changes during exploitation. In areas of ... more Nowadays, masonry heritage buildings usually experience changes during exploitation. In areas of emphasized seismic risk, in cases of extensions, alterations to the original dimensions, reconstruction (the removal of bearing elements, replacement of materials, introduction of new fittings), or the subsequent erection of properties close by, with a comparison of the foundation levels change of use, refurbishment, extension, or additional building to an existing building. It is necessary to analyze the seismic aspect of such interventions in seismic prone areas. At first, we’ll focus on the legal and technical regulations. For start we’ll look back at UNESCO’s Program on Masonry Heritage, then domestic and regional legal and technical regulations and with all of that we will define the first step of the process. Next step would be a detailed registration of the current condition of the building, and also determining the characteristics of the embedded materials. The load bearing struc...
Ferhad-pašina džamija bila je podignuta na prostoru izmedju potoka Crkvine (Crkvene) i rijeke Vrb... more Ferhad-pašina džamija bila je podignuta na prostoru izmedju potoka Crkvine (Crkvene) i rijeke Vrbas, u nekadasnjem Donjem Šeheru. Kao jednu od svojih mnogobrojnih zadužbina Ferhadiju je podigao Ferhad-paša Sokolović. Način na koji je izgrađena ukazuje na Sinanova učenika koji je htio provjeriti nova konstruktivna rješenja i načiniti prototip za izgradnju zadužbine sultana Murata III u Manisi -džamiju Muradiju. Džamija Ferhadija djelo je mimara (graditelja) i muhendisa (inženjera) vrhunskog obrazovanja stečenog u Sinanovoj školi. Kompleks Ferhad pašine džamije čine i objekti : Turbe Ferhad -paše, Turbe njegovih bajraktara, te Safi-Kadunino Turbe (prema kazivanjima, radi se o unuci Ferhad-paše). Izvan zidova i harema džamije, koji je bio ograđen kameno-željeznom orijentalnom ogradom sa kapijom prema glavnoj banjalučkoj ulici (zapadna strana) bila je banjalučka sahat-kula, takodje, zadužbina Ferhad-paše i najvjerovatnije prvi javni sahat u Bosni i Hercegovini. Karakteristike koje Ferha...
OBNOVA I ZAŠTITA ARHITEKTONSKOG KOMPLEKSA GRADAČAČKE UTVRDE , 2020
Knjiga ,,OBNOVA I ZAŠTITA ARHITEKTONSKOG KOMLPEKSA GRADČAČKE UTVRDE,, ... more Knjiga ,,OBNOVA I ZAŠTITA ARHITEKTONSKOG KOMLPEKSA GRADČAČKE UTVRDE,, je nastala na temelju egzaktno provedenih istraživanja te teorijskih i praktičnih razmatranja o pristupu obnovi kompleksa gradačačke utvrde, provedenih u razdoblju 2014-2019 godine. Studiju monumentalnog kompleksa gradačačke utvrde oblikuju svi aspekti i specifičnosti problematike obnove i zaštite historijskih zidanih struktura, uključujući multidisciplinarnost. Nakon prikaza kompleksa Utvrde obrađeni su i karakteristični objekti sa svojim specifičnostima. Iako je predmet provedenog istraživanja u najvećem dijelu obima publikacije posvećen konkretnim problemima interveniranja na zidanim strukturama staroga grada u Gradačcu, knjigu upotpunjavaju i poglavlja o općim tehničkim i konzervatorskim aspektima primjenjivim u široj praksi. Na samom početku referentni (i komparativni) prostor je cjelina BiH. Opći konzervatorski i konstrukterski postulati potom su primijenjeni na različite aspekte oštećenja zidanih konstrukcija i mogućnostima interveniranja na njima, pri čemu se sistematično analiziraju svi dijelovi utvrde (kule, zidni perimetar bedema, rezidencijalni dio i dr.) i predlažu mogući zahvati. Historijske zidane strukture odlikuju osebujna obilježja koja karakteriziraju njihovo složeno strukturno ponašanje. Razumijevanje ponašanja objekata graditeljskog naslijeđa doprinosi pravilnoj procjeni prijedloga za intervencije na njihovoj strukturi. Stoga je vrlo korisno razumjeti mehanizme koji su spomenicima, koji su sačuvani, omogućili da izbjegnu strukturni kolaps i uništavanje tokom njihovog vijeka trajanja, gdje se načini gradnje utvrda, primjena materijala i historijskih tehnika mogu provjeriti na mnogo većem broju spomeničkih sklopova sa sličnim degradacijskim procesima te izvedenim sanacijskim postupcima Također, kako su navedeni historijski objekti bili izloženi velikom broju destruktivnih aktivnosti tokom svog dugog životnog vijeka, oni koji su preživjeli uspješno su prošli prirodnu probu koja je često trajala više stoljeća. Kroz analizu nastalih oštećenja tokom vremena i uzroke koji dovode do degradacije kulturnog naslijeđa i oštećenja sa ne rijetkim rušenjima, analizama i preporukama za njihov tretman i očuvanje za nove generacije i budućnost, kao i prijedloge i sugestije za odgovarajuće intervencije na objektima poštujući osnovne karakteristike objekata i njihovih konstrukcija i primjene odgovarajućih metoda i materijala u procesu sanacije, konzervacije, restauracije i seizmičkog ojačanja. Tokom posljednjih desetljeća predložene su i korištene različite metode za ojačanja zidanih konstrukcija u cilju poboljšanja seizmičkih svojstava tih građevina. Neke od uobičajenih metoda ojačanja zidanih konstrukcija su različite površinske obrade, FRP sloj , neke podrazumijevaju injektiranje maltera i epoksi materijala ili aplikaciju ojačanja sa različitim armaturama, kao i dodatno utezanje u nekim slučajevima. Odluka o načinu interveniranja na objektu slijedi provedenu proceduru: na terenu uz detaljne analize postojećeg stanja, pristup postojećoj tehničkoj dokumentaciji, provjera za integraciju predviđenih zahvata i ojačanje postojeće konstrukcije s građevinskim obrisima, ali i konstruktivno
How do we value historic urban landscape in order to intervene within it as designers? This is th... more How do we value historic urban landscape in order to intervene within it as designers? This is the central question posed in this volume, and is tackled by its 16 essays which investigate different facets of value as bases of building and design practices on a range of spatial scales and brought about by a variety of historical circumstances. While the modernist metanarrative of universalism propagated functionalism and, through it, biological and psychological motives of design activity, contemporary building practices are based on more complex and diverse patterns of values that range from cultural to market-driven.
Researched, reconstructed and critically assessed, the different case studies brought together here reveal the many possible shades of the ‘importance of place’ with which architects, urban planners and city officials work today in the Southern European context. Marked in recent decades by social and political transition and economic hardship, the reality of this region’s cities caused repeated revisions of value-systems in all spheres of public life, making it, thus, a particularly intriguing context to observe in these terms. In this sense, these essays will be of interest to university scholars in architecture, art history, urbanism and planning, in addition to practicing designers and public officials who encounter problems of value-definitions in their everyday working tasks related to the shaping and management of contemporary urban space.
Cities and Cultural Landscapes: Recognition, Celebration, Preservation and Experience, 2020
Strategies for a healthier life and a better natural environment remain
one of the main topics ... more Strategies for a healthier life and a better natural environment remain one of the main topics in social science, but we still witness a poor relationship between our society and both the natural and built environments. One of the most common effects of global warming is thermal heating of cities. This is responsible for about 40 % of total annual energy consumption and one third of carbon dioxide emissions (UNEP, 2009). One of the most widespread effects of global warming is the increasing temperature of cities, i.e., the emergence of heat islands or urban pollution (urban heat island or UHI). Eco-friendly, green, and sustainable architecture is a synonym for a holistic approach, both in terms of architectural and urban design and work undertaken on existing structures. A passive strategy in sustainable architecture, one that promotes a relationship between the natural and built environments, is the greening of existing roofs. Among passive strategies for sustainable construction and an environmentally acceptable, responsible, and positive relationship with the natural and built environments, the greening of buildings is a natural model to achieve energy-efficient measures for existing buildings. The greening of roofs on existing buildings of collective housing, in the category of smaller residential buildings, which are the most numerous type in Bosnia and Herzegovina (58 %), highlights its potential as a measure to improve the energy characteristics of these buildings and to reduce urban pollution. This paper gives a review of structures built in the Sarajevo Canton in the last half of the twentieth century, pointing out the need for their restoration through greening of flat roofs in the context of sustainability and their contributing to lowering the thermal heating of the city. Through analysis, including analysis of the structural and material aspects of flat roofs in the built environment, this research indicates possibilities and architectural solutions for greening flat roofs on existing residential buildings for different loads, depending on the typology and materials used.
Handbook of Research on Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Historic Structures (2 Volumes), 2015
Traditional art of building in Bosnia and Herzegovina comprises brick or stone masonry structures... more Traditional art of building in Bosnia and Herzegovina comprises brick or stone masonry structures. Most historical buildings belonging to national cultural heritage were made of stone-masonry. The country is situated in seismic active region of SouthEast Europe. In the case of stronger earthquake motion such buildings could suffer heavy damages. Some structural elements of historical buildings, as domes and arches, crack already by moderate earthquake but without the loss of stability. Substantial damages were caused by recent war disaster. Damages could be accumulated through the history as well. Generally, stone-masonry buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina can be classified in vulnerability classes between A and C according to European Macroseismic Scale. Design and construction procedures for rehabilitation are presented here on examples of repair and strengthening of mosques, which present historical stone masonry structures dating from the Ottoman period in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Traditional and contemporary materials were used for their rehabilitation. It is important to preserve original forms, especially those of damaged elements. The challenge for structural engineers and architects was to find equilibrium between aesthetical and structural demands. The towers of the sacral buildings are of special interest, from the aesthetical and structural point of view. Therefore, besides fulfilling certain functions (practical ones), emphasized are the feelings of beauty and its manifestation. Sacral buildings towers are very often the main bench marks of urban complex, which dominate over the other building structures and form recognizable image of the city. Intervention in the established architectural language ambience, buildings as well and established visual codes, required understanding of values formed in a particular space and time. In seismic active areas historical buildings are mostly very vulnerable to the stronger earthquake motions. The seismic response of sacral buildings towers should be carefully analyzed. Heavy damages or even failure of historical towers involves not only a cultural loss but also a hazard induced on near-standing buildings. Thus, this behavior can significantly affect the performance on entire sections of historical city centers. There is variety of causes for severe damages and possible collapses, ranging from insufficient bearing capacity to inevitable construction "mistakes".
Main Goal of this Conference is to promote environmental and sustainable performance measures for... more Main Goal of this Conference is to promote environmental and sustainable performance measures for existing heritage buildings without adversely impacting their cultural heritage significance. The reuse of heritage buildings has environmental, social, and economic benefits - the three pillars of sustainable development.
Heritage conservation is protecting our history, past, present and future. It is the duty of every one of us. Heritage preservation can be considered as an investment in our community that rewards us today and leaves an invaluable resource for future generations. Cultural heritage professionals recognize the synergistic relationship between conservation and sustainability. However, the role of heritage conservation in achieving sustainability has not been well recognized, nor have heritage needs been well integrated into sustainability initiatives. This failure, in some instances, has led to conflict between heritage conservation efforts and environmental regulation.
The UN Istanbul Declaration on Human Settlements and the Habitat Agenda of 1996 explored the ramifications of Rio for how we organize the global built environment. The 2003 ‘Global Plan of Action’ stated 2:
‘Conservation, rehabilitation and culturally sensitive adaptive reuse of urban, rural and architectural heritage are also in accordance with the sustainable use of natural and human made resources. Access to culture and the cultural dimension of development is of the utmost importance and all people should be able to benefit from such access.’
Local residents will be encouraged to participate in heritage conservation and sustainable tourism development through awareness raising and income generating activities. Training and support will be provided on heritage-related small business development and design of marketable products.
We have recognized that “globalization” engenders, but also understand the futility of resisting its wide spread effects. But architecture will always be “forming” a Place. Architecture is not only the skin in which we are living, it is always a reflection of a specific philosophy of space, movement, life, presence, and has a strong impact on the human spirit. Traditional architecture –our built heritage is deeply associated with nature; it strongly affects our spiritual condition, provides us with a sort of feeling of peace and relaxes. Misunderstanding of heritage has always led to destruction by fashionable trends or internationalist movements, because they are rejecting or marginalizing its own past.
This relation not only to exist but we must add the sense of the relation between memory, territory and the quality of a meaningful life which underlies the associative heritage work in considering the importance of place; we highlight the concepts of community resilience and risk management, key aspects of a response to change, while we define the word “sustainability”, the responsibility of us living people towards the heritage we received and towards the heritage we will leave to our successors, in order to play a pivotal role. All this leads us to a conclusion that there is a need for a new responsible architectural ethical design that will surpass the ego, the pretentious and abstract architectural concepts, but will result in a “dynamic process” through design and buildings life cycle.
The British guidance on the Historic Environment, PPG 15, states that:
‘The presence of the physical survivals of our past adds to the quality of our lives, by enhancing the familiar and cherished local scene and sustaining the sense of local distinctiveness which is so important an aspect of the character and appearance of our towns, villages and countryside.’
In addition, many of the large historic buildings are threatened by demolition due to their lack of modern amenities. Thus not only is the context threatened but also the existing historic structures. Many of the estates also had landscapes by well-known designers which are generally not documented and often in poor condition."
One important dimension of urban protection process is aimed at keeping (preserving) townscapes that people can relate to, where the signs and meanings are clear and the qualities of ambient are recognizable. Most of the conservationists agree that preserving the entire building with its co-relation between structure, interior and exterior is an appropriate course of action.
Every effort needs to adapt to the demands of safety and heritage protection in terms of materials and preservation of the original structure. Any intervention will result in specific changes, causing loss of buildings’ authenticity, which means that one must be very careful when deciding on and implementing an intrusive intervention method.
Each case should generate an answer on its own. Different case studies must provide us with knowledge to be used in all future interventions.
CONFERENCE THEME: The Charm of Built Heritage Decay, 2021
ABOUT CONFERENCE AND CONFERENCE AIMS Masonry structures are the heart of civilization as we unde... more ABOUT CONFERENCE AND CONFERENCE AIMS Masonry structures are the heart of civilization as we understand it - foundations, backbone, and underlying form. Historically constructed of stone, brick or other more accessible materials in their context such as mud etc. they have contributed to creating what we now might consider inspiring or ‘picturesque’ settlements around the world, whether still in use or as vocal remains from past. The builders of the time, whether local village tradesmen or master masons, transmitted their knowledge of effective ways of building in or for given contexts. These ideas and methods spread throughout their own regions, and further afield, to be adapted as required to cater for differing climatic, social, religious or political needs as suited to their time. As witness to those past needs and processes these constructs can be read and interpreted in many ways, and in current times much of this knowledge and our own culture’s fundamental relationship with those skills and earth grown materials thrives as a powerful living tradition. Over time historic buildings become exposed to widely differing challenges. Today, many old masonry structures may often be perceived as ‘decayed’ due to degradation by force of nature, force majeure or as a consequence of passing time and simple neglect. Sometimes caused by inappropriate interventions, reversible or irreversible, made without understanding of possible consequences. Additional layers of value in our perception of historic structures may come from not only the built artefacts themselves but by tracing old industrial sites of brick production or stone quarries from which stones were taken, discovering and understanding manufacturing technologies and traditional buildings techniques. In brief, decay of these structures varies hugely in its scale and nature, but often we love and value those decayed structures beyond their historic, social, political, memorial or religious importance, through innate human need and emotional appeal, maybe we ‘need’ them for our own social and mental stability in our increasingly challenging world? How though might we perceive this decay technically? As a matter of physical degradation only, as visible traces of history, or as something else. If a structure is considered to be of value then these questions open pathways to the issue of intervention – preservation, conservation, or even none? Inappropriate intervention to buildings or structures risks losing the patina that creates their charm or cause further damage. Attempting to understand all the possible values, whether historic, architectural, aesthetic, artistic or intangible while determining potential action in contemporary time, is to question our response to decay: should the actual decay become a part of the buildings‘ future – what would that mean? At the 5th International Conference "The Importance of Place-The Charm of Built Heritage Decay" 2021, we are anticipating discussions around patterns of decay, including metaphysical attributes. We are inviting distinguished guests, including professionals in the discipline of heritage engagement to share and discuss their experiences, knowledge, points of view, and potential interventions on the masonry building, the relationship between patina and new additions, opinions around preservation and conservation alongside wider attitudes towards decay, and its eternal intrinsic appeal.
You are cordially invited to participate in the International Conference called „THE IMPORTANCE O... more You are cordially invited to participate in the International Conference called „THE IMPORTANCE OF PLACE“ organized by BH CICOP and CICOP Italy, in collaboration with Architecture Faculty of Sarajevo, to be held on 20-23 October 2017 in Sarajevo. The Sarajevo Conference would be held as a part of International Biennale of Restoration BRAU 4 organized by CICOP Italy, under the patronage of UNESCO. (www.hmh.ba ) This Conference will be one of the introductory activities of BRAU 4, that aims to create a forum for scholars, professionals, in order to exchange views on methodology and doctrines of heritage preservation, as well as latest technical and material solutions for the ever fragile historical structures. The organizing committee has been working hard to make International Conference called „THE IMPORTANCE OF PLACE“ a truly memorable experience for all participants.
If you have any further questions, please feel free to contact us.
Sincerely yours,
Amir Čaušević
On behalf of Editorial board of the 4th International Conference the Importance of place Cities and Cultural Landscapes: between recognition, preservation, and usage
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Iako je predmet provedenog istraživanja u najvećem dijelu obima publikacije posvećen konkretnim problemima interveniranja na zidanim strukturama staroga grada u Gradačcu, knjigu upotpunjavaju i poglavlja o općim tehničkim i konzervatorskim aspektima primjenjivim u široj praksi. Na samom početku referentni (i komparativni) prostor je cjelina BiH.
Opći konzervatorski i konstrukterski postulati potom su primijenjeni na različite aspekte oštećenja zidanih konstrukcija i mogućnostima interveniranja na njima, pri čemu se sistematično analiziraju svi dijelovi utvrde (kule, zidni perimetar bedema, rezidencijalni dio i dr.) i predlažu mogući zahvati.
Historijske zidane strukture odlikuju osebujna obilježja koja karakteriziraju njihovo složeno strukturno ponašanje. Razumijevanje ponašanja objekata graditeljskog naslijeđa doprinosi pravilnoj procjeni prijedloga za intervencije na njihovoj strukturi. Stoga je vrlo korisno razumjeti mehanizme koji su spomenicima, koji su sačuvani, omogućili da izbjegnu strukturni kolaps i uništavanje tokom njihovog vijeka trajanja, gdje se načini gradnje utvrda, primjena materijala i historijskih tehnika mogu provjeriti na mnogo većem broju spomeničkih sklopova sa sličnim degradacijskim procesima te izvedenim sanacijskim postupcima
Također, kako su navedeni historijski objekti bili izloženi velikom broju destruktivnih aktivnosti tokom svog dugog životnog vijeka, oni koji su preživjeli uspješno su prošli prirodnu probu koja je često trajala više stoljeća. Kroz analizu nastalih oštećenja tokom vremena i uzroke koji dovode do degradacije kulturnog naslijeđa i oštećenja sa ne rijetkim rušenjima, analizama i preporukama za njihov tretman i očuvanje za nove generacije i budućnost, kao i prijedloge i sugestije za odgovarajuće intervencije na objektima poštujući osnovne karakteristike objekata i njihovih konstrukcija i primjene odgovarajućih metoda i materijala u procesu sanacije, konzervacije, restauracije i seizmičkog ojačanja.
Tokom posljednjih desetljeća predložene su i korištene različite metode za ojačanja zidanih konstrukcija u cilju poboljšanja seizmičkih svojstava tih građevina. Neke od uobičajenih metoda ojačanja zidanih konstrukcija su različite površinske obrade, FRP sloj , neke podrazumijevaju injektiranje maltera i epoksi materijala ili aplikaciju ojačanja sa različitim armaturama, kao i dodatno utezanje u nekim slučajevima.
Odluka o načinu interveniranja na objektu slijedi provedenu proceduru: na terenu uz detaljne analize postojećeg stanja, pristup postojećoj tehničkoj dokumentaciji, provjera za integraciju predviđenih zahvata i ojačanje postojeće konstrukcije s građevinskim obrisima, ali i konstruktivno
Researched, reconstructed and critically assessed, the different case studies brought together here reveal the many possible shades of the ‘importance of place’ with which architects, urban planners and city officials work today in the Southern European context. Marked in recent decades by social and political transition and economic hardship, the reality of this region’s cities caused repeated revisions of value-systems in all spheres of public life, making it, thus, a particularly intriguing context to observe in these terms. In this sense, these essays will be of interest to university scholars in architecture, art history, urbanism and planning, in addition to practicing designers and public officials who encounter problems of value-definitions in their everyday working tasks related to the shaping and management of contemporary urban space.
one of the main topics in social science, but we still witness a poor
relationship between our society and both the natural and built
environments. One of the most common effects of global warming is
thermal heating of cities. This is responsible for about 40 % of total annual
energy consumption and one third of carbon dioxide emissions (UNEP,
2009). One of the most widespread effects of global warming is the
increasing temperature of cities, i.e., the emergence of heat islands or
urban pollution (urban heat island or UHI).
Eco-friendly, green, and sustainable architecture is a synonym for a
holistic approach, both in terms of architectural and urban design and
work undertaken on existing structures. A passive strategy in sustainable
architecture, one that promotes a relationship between the natural and built
environments, is the greening of existing roofs.
Among passive strategies for sustainable construction and an
environmentally acceptable, responsible, and positive relationship with the
natural and built environments, the greening of buildings is a natural
model to achieve energy-efficient measures for existing buildings. The
greening of roofs on existing buildings of collective housing, in the
category of smaller residential buildings, which are the most numerous
type in Bosnia and Herzegovina (58 %), highlights its potential as a
measure to improve the energy characteristics of these buildings and to
reduce urban pollution.
This paper gives a review of structures built in the Sarajevo Canton in
the last half of the twentieth century, pointing out the need for their
restoration through greening of flat roofs in the context of sustainability
and their contributing to lowering the thermal heating of the city. Through
analysis, including analysis of the structural and material aspects of flat
roofs in the built environment, this research indicates possibilities and
architectural solutions for greening flat roofs on existing residential
buildings for different loads, depending on the typology and materials
used.
Heritage conservation is protecting our history, past, present and future. It is the duty of every one of us. Heritage preservation can be considered as an investment in our community that rewards us today and leaves an invaluable resource for future generations. Cultural heritage professionals recognize the synergistic relationship between conservation and sustainability. However, the role of heritage conservation in achieving sustainability has not been well recognized, nor have heritage needs been well integrated into sustainability initiatives. This failure, in some instances, has led to conflict between heritage conservation efforts and environmental regulation.
The UN Istanbul Declaration on Human Settlements and the Habitat Agenda of 1996 explored the ramifications of Rio for how we organize the global built environment. The 2003 ‘Global Plan of Action’ stated 2:
‘Conservation, rehabilitation and culturally sensitive adaptive reuse of urban, rural and architectural heritage are also in accordance with the sustainable use of natural and human made resources. Access to culture and the cultural dimension of development is of the utmost importance and all people should be able to benefit from such access.’
Local residents will be encouraged to participate in heritage conservation and sustainable tourism development through awareness raising and income generating activities. Training and support will be provided on heritage-related small business development and design of marketable products.
We have recognized that “globalization” engenders, but also understand the futility of resisting its wide spread effects. But architecture will always be “forming” a Place. Architecture is not only the skin in which we are living, it is always a reflection of a specific philosophy of space, movement, life, presence, and has a strong impact on the human spirit. Traditional architecture –our built heritage is deeply associated with nature; it strongly affects our spiritual condition, provides us with a sort of feeling of peace and relaxes. Misunderstanding of heritage has always led to destruction by fashionable trends or internationalist movements, because they are rejecting or marginalizing its own past.
This relation not only to exist but we must add the sense of the relation between memory, territory and the quality of a meaningful life which underlies the associative heritage work in considering the importance of place; we highlight the concepts of community resilience and risk management, key aspects of a response to change, while we define the word “sustainability”, the responsibility of us living people towards the heritage we received and towards the heritage we will leave to our successors, in order to play a pivotal role. All this leads us to a conclusion that there is a need for a new responsible architectural ethical design that will surpass the ego, the pretentious and abstract architectural concepts, but will result in a “dynamic process” through design and buildings life cycle.
The British guidance on the Historic Environment, PPG 15, states that:
‘The presence of the physical survivals of our past adds to the quality of our lives, by enhancing the familiar and cherished local scene and sustaining the sense of local distinctiveness which is so important an aspect of the character and appearance of our towns, villages and countryside.’
In addition, many of the large historic buildings are threatened by demolition due to their lack of modern amenities. Thus not only is the context threatened but also the existing historic structures. Many of the estates also had landscapes by well-known designers which are generally not documented and often in poor condition."
One important dimension of urban protection process is aimed at keeping (preserving) townscapes that people can relate to, where the signs and meanings are clear and the qualities of ambient are recognizable. Most of the conservationists agree that preserving the entire building with its co-relation between structure, interior and exterior is an appropriate course of action.
Every effort needs to adapt to the demands of safety and heritage protection in terms of materials and preservation of the original structure. Any intervention will result in specific changes, causing loss of buildings’ authenticity, which means that one must be very careful when deciding on and implementing an intrusive intervention method.
Each case should generate an answer on its own. Different case studies must provide us with knowledge to be used in all future interventions.
The Sarajevo Conference would be held as a part of International Biennale of Restoration BRAU 4 organized by CICOP Italy, under the patronage of UNESCO. (www.hmh.ba )
This Conference will be one of the introductory activities of BRAU 4, that aims to create a forum for scholars, professionals, in order to exchange views on methodology and doctrines of heritage preservation, as well as latest technical and material solutions for the ever fragile historical structures.
The organizing committee has been working hard to make International Conference called „THE IMPORTANCE OF PLACE“ a truly memorable experience for all participants.
Please find enclosed Preliminary Conference schedule.
If you have any further questions, please feel free to contact us.
Sincerely yours,
Amir Čaušević
On behalf of Editorial board of the 4th International Conference the Importance of place Cities and Cultural Landscapes: between recognition, preservation, and usage