Amer

En el present Treball de fi de Màster es descriu el fons musical de Pere Buxó Domènech (Amer, 1916-1998); músic, pianista i compositor de sardanes. Primer es presenta la seva biografia. Seguidament es descriu el fons segons la NODAC i s’adjunta el Quadre de Classificació. Aquest fons té diferenciades tres parts: l’Obra musical, la Documentació no musical, i les Fotografies. Cal distingir l’obra musical de Pere Buxó Domènech composta per Sardanes i Obra diversa, de la d’altres músics. És important la gran quantitat de sardanes, algunes d’elles bastant antigues. Conté un nombre considerable de música per a piano. De la Documentació no musical destaquen els cartells de cobles-orquestres d’Amer. Les fotografies són: familiars, del Cafè Buxó, de cobles-orquestres d’Amer i de la Choral Estelense.
Finalment s’ha pogut tenir una visió del conjunt de l’obra musical de Pere Buxó Domènech formada per 59 sardanes (algunes d’elles encara per estrenar), i 49 composicions musicals diverses; a part d’arranjaments d’obres d’altres autors.

To review critically the past 10 years of research on youth suicide. Research literature on youth suicide was reviewed following a systematic search of PsycINFO and Medline. The search for school-based suicide prevention programs was expanded using two education databases: ERIC and Education Full Text. Finally, manual reviews of articles' reference lists identified additional studies. The review focuses on epidemiology, risk factors, prevention strategies, and treatment protocols. There has been a dramatic decrease in the youth suicide rate during the past decade. Although a number of factors have been posited for the decline, one of the more plausible ones appears to be the increase in antidepressants being prescribed for adolescents during this period. Youth psychiatric disorder, a family history of suicide and psychopathology, stressful life events, and access to firearms are key risk factors for youth suicide. Exciting new findings have emerged on the biology of suicide in adults, but, while encouraging, these are yet to be replicated in youths. Promising prevention strategies, including school-based skills training for students, screening for at-risk youths, education of primary care physicians, media education, and lethal-means restriction, need continuing evaluation studies. Dialectical behavior therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and treatment with antidepressants have been identified as promising treatments but have not yet been tested in a randomized clinical trial of youth suicide. While tremendous strides have been made in our understanding of who is at risk for suicide, it is incumbent upon future research efforts to focus on the development and evaluation of empirically based suicide prevention and treatment protocols.

This study reports on the psychometric properties of a brief, self-administered screening questionnaire, the Columbia Suicide Screen (CSS), intended to identify high school students at risk for suicide. Seventeen hundred twenty-nine 9th- to 12th-grade students completed the CSS and Beck Depression Inventory during school hours in 1991 to 1994. Three hundred fifty-six students who screened positively and 285, group matched on age, gender, and ethnicity, who screened negatively were examined on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC), version 2.3, to assess validity. The DISC-based suicide risk criterion was suicidal ideation or prior suicide attempt and a DSM-III-R diagnosis of major depression or dysthymia or substance use. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a subsample of 85. The most balanced algorithm had a sensitivity of 0.75, specificity 0.83, and positive predictive value 16%. Suicidal ideation and prior attempt item reliabilities (kappa) were 0.48 and 0.58,...

BackgroundAccumulating evidence indicates that prenatal maternal and fetal processes can have a lasting influence on infant and child development. Results from animal models indicate that prenatal exposure to maternal stress and stress hormones has lasting consequences for development of the offspring. Few prospective studies of human pregnancy have examined the consequences of prenatal exposure to stress and stress hormones.

To investigate relationships between self-reported sexual abuse, depression, hopelessness, and suicidality in a community sample of adolescents.In 1995, students (mean age 13 years) from 27 high schools in Australia (n = 2,603) completed a questionnaire including measures of depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), hopelessness, sexual abuse, and suicidality. Data analysis included logistic regression.Sexual abuse is associated with suicidality, both directly and indirectly through hopelessness and depressive symptoms in the model developed. High suicide risk (behavior exceeding thoughts such as plans and threats, or deliberate self-injury) is strongly correlated with suicide attempts (odds ratio 28.8, 95% CI 16–52, p < .001). Hopelessness is associated with high suicide risk only, whereas depressive symptoms are associated with high suicide risk and attempts. Hopelessness is more strongly associated with sexual abuse in boys than girls. Depressive symptoms are more strongly associated with high suicide risk in girls than boys. Controlling for other variables, sexual abuse is independently associated with suicide attempts in girls but not boys.Clinical assessment should consider gender differences in relationships between sexual abuse, depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and suicidality. Sexually abused girls may be at increased risk of attempting suicide, independent of other psychopathology.

In a clinical trial, 20 children and adolescents with developmental disorders (age range 8 through 17 years) refractory to previous psychotropic treatments were administered the atypical neuroleptic risperidone (dose range 1.5 to 10 mg/ day). In a follow-up period ranging from 8 to 15 months, risperidone demonstrated clinical efficacy in 13 children. Twelve patients were free of side effects and