Dalam kedokteran gigi, radiografi merupakan salah satu wujud kemajuan teknologi yang sangat membantu dalam penegakkan diagnosa dan menentukan rencana perawatan. Gangguan dari kelenjar ludah merupakan salah satu penyakit yang dapat... more
Dalam kedokteran gigi, radiografi merupakan salah satu wujud kemajuan teknologi yang sangat membantu dalam penegakkan diagnosa dan menentukan rencana perawatan. Gangguan dari kelenjar ludah merupakan salah satu penyakit yang dapat dideteksi dengan teknik radiografi. Terbentuknya kalsifikasi sumbatan dalam saluran saliva disebut dengan sialothiasis, yang sebagian besar terdiri dari kalsium fosfat dan kalsium karbonat. Sialolithiasis dapat menghambat saluran sekretori dan mengakibatkan infeksi retrograde kronis karena penurunan laju aliran saliva. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya pembengkakan dan nyeri intermiten saat makan disertai adanya tanda-tanda infeksi. Dalam hasil foto radiografi dua dimensi intra dan ekstra, sialolith dapat memberi gambaran over-lapping pada gigi dan struktur rahang sehingga sering menyebabkan kesalahan dalam interpretasi. Melalui foto panoramik, dapat dilihat bahwa sialolith pada kelenjar parotis tumpang tindih dengan ramus mandibula. Sialolith juga dapat ditemukan di saluran eferen (duktus Stensen) dan berakhir pada vestibula di mukosa dekat molar kedua rahang atas. Pemeriksaan lain yang efektif untuk diagnosis obstruksi - gangguan yang paling umum dari kelenjar ludah adalah sialography. Sialography dilakukan dengan memasukkan media kontras radioopak ke dalam sistem duktus pasien dengan prosedur pelaksanaannya dibagi menjadi tiga tahap, antara lain: fase pra opeasi, fase pengisian, dan fase pengosongan. Dari semua hal, yang terpeting dalam mendiagnosa sialolith adalah kemampuan interpretasi yang tepat disertai pengetahuan terperinci tentang gambaran normal dan patologis dari keenjar saliva.
Kata kunci: Gangguan kelenjar saliva, Sialography, Sialolith
Much information is available in the literature on professionals’ attitudes to oral radiology practices; however, there is no information available regarding the teaching of oral radiology. Therefore, our study set out to assess the... more
Much information is available in the literature on professionals’ attitudes to oral radiology practices; however, there is no information available regarding the teaching of oral radiology. Therefore, our study set out to assess the education of oral radiology with regard to technique, processing and radiographic equipment in Brazilian dental schools.
Methods A self-reporting questionnaire was sent to 171 universities, which could respond by mail or using a website. The answers were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The chi-squared test (significance level of 5%) was also used to identify differences between public and private institutions.
Results
The overall response rate was 38% (n = 65). Most academics practice intraoral techniques (periapical standard paralleling, 75.38%; periapical bisecting angle, 98.46%; occlusal, 95.38%; bite-wing, 100%); fewer practice extraoral techniques (27.69%). Film holders (95.38%), E/F speed film (83.08%), 70-kVp X-ray tubes (90%) and manual processing (96.92%) according to the temperature-time method (72.31%) are mostly used. The chi-squared test did not show statistically significant differences between public and private institutions (p> 0.05).
Conclusion The methods applied in Brazilian dental schools, whether public or private, seem appropriate for oral radiology education.
Aim This study was conducted with an aim to systematically review the literature for assessing the accuracy of intraoral radiographs in detection of dental caries. Introduction Despite the advancements in oral disease science, dental... more
Aim This study was conducted with an aim to systematically review the literature for assessing the accuracy of intraoral radiographs in detection of dental caries. Introduction Despite the advancements in oral disease science, dental caries continues to be a worldwide health concern, affecting humans of all ages. Correct diagnosis of caries is critical both in clinical practice as well as in epidemiology and radiography are worthwhile adjunct for a thorough examination. Results A literature review was performed in PubMed Central and Cochrane library, Embase, and Google Scholar, and these databases were searched up to 2016. The primary outcome measure was to assess the accuracy of intraoral radiographs in the detection of dental caries based on sensitivity and specificity. The sensitivity for conventional radiographs for the detection of lesions in enamel (16–68%) and dentin (16–96%) was found to be superior as compared with other modalities of digital radiography, whereas the specif...
PR detected AP in 71% of roots, a CBCT scan detected AP in 84%, and AP was histologically diagnosed in 93% (p = 0.001). Overall, sensitivity was 0.77 and 0.91 for PR and CBCT, respectively. Specificity was 1 for both. Negative predictive... more
PR detected AP in 71% of roots, a CBCT scan detected AP in 84%, and AP was histologically diagnosed in 93% (p = 0.001). Overall, sensitivity was 0.77 and 0.91 for PR and CBCT, respectively. Specificity was 1 for both. Negative predictive value was 0.25 and 0.46 for ...
ABSTRACT Objectives: Between 20 to 50% of medical imaging examinations are considered inappropriate, and unnecessary ionizing radiation exposures may lead to cancer. We hypothesized that Bahraini patients who self-present for ionizing... more
ABSTRACT Objectives: Between 20 to 50% of medical imaging examinations are considered inappropriate, and unnecessary ionizing radiation exposures may lead to cancer. We hypothesized that Bahraini patients who self-present for ionizing radiation procedures are not aware of, and lack the requisite knowledge of, the inherent risks associated with their use than patients prescribed for diagnostic purposes. We attempted to examine and compare the awareness and knowledge of the associated risks of ionizing radiation in common diagnostic radiological procedures between prescribed and self-presenting patients in Bahrain. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 416 Bahraini patients attending the radiology department of the Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC), a secondary health care center, who had been referred by primary care physicians or self-presented to the center. Data was collected via face-to-face interviews. Results: Prescribed patients (n = 358) had a better awareness than self-presenting (n = 58) patients on all ionizing radiation awareness statements (i.e., risks, permissible levels, willingness to undergo the procedure, and preference for a clinical examination over a radiological procedure) (p < 0.050). Of the 10 knowledge statements, the prescribed patients agreed on four statements than the self-presenting patients: preventing or minimizing exposure improves health, people can prevent or minimize exposure, a lifelong health concern, and radiological procedures offer best diagnoses compared to medical tests or procedures (p < 0.050). Conclusions: Bahraini patients who reported to SMC lack awareness and knowledge on ionizing radiation. The proportion of appropriate responses to awareness and knowledge questions were paltry for self-presenting patients and deficient for the prescribed patients in the knowledge segment alone.
Background and Aims: In the panoramic images, palatoglossal space error develops when the patient is unable to put the tongue against the mouth roof. In the case of this error, the radiographic diagnosis of the area is made with some... more
Background and Aims: In the panoramic images, palatoglossal space error develops when the patient is unable to put the tongue against the mouth roof. In the case of this error, the radiographic diagnosis of the area is made with some difficulties or ever the image may lose its diagnostic ability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the palatoglossal space error of the panoramic images and skeletal relationship. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional trial, 494 panoramic images were selected in orthodontic department of Tehran dental school archive and the existence of the palatoglossal space was determined. The palatoglossal space error was statistically analyzed using chi-square test regarding the patients' gender, age and skeletal relationships. Results: Of total panoramic images, 346 (70.0%) cases showed palatoglossal space error while 148 (30.0%) images were free from this error. Furthermore, 74.1% of male images and 66.9% of female images showed palatoglossal space error. In Cl I (1˂ANB≤3), Cl II and Cl III patients; 65.6%, 73.1% and 67.4% of the images demonstrated the error, respectively. The incidence of palatoglossal space error in 5-14 and 15 years old age or higher patients were 72.2% and 58.8%. Conclusion: Under the study limitations, no significant differences were noted between the incidences of the palatoglossal space error regarding the patients' gender or their skeletal relationships while with increasing age the error frequency was significantly decreased.
This paper presents a response to the editorial opinion expressed in the position paper "Promotion of the Use of a Thermoplastic Material to Aid in the Identification of Unidentified Human Remains," published on page 14 of this... more
This paper presents a response to the editorial opinion expressed in the position paper "Promotion of the Use of a Thermoplastic Material to Aid in the Identification of Unidentified Human Remains," published on page 14 of this issue of the JOURNAL OF THE MASSACHUSETTS DENTAL SOCIETY. No references were cited in that paper: Because the mission of the American Board of Forensic Odontology (ABFO) is to "promote and enhance the science of forensic odontology" and realizing that the ABFO Guidelines on bite mark evidence has failed law enforcement in several high-profile cases in the past, it is necessary to publish a referenced response addressing some of the statements that were made in the ABFO article.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic features of permanent three-rooted mandibular first molars with radix entomolaris (RE), investigate the correlation between anatomical classification and radiographic type of RE, and... more
The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic features of permanent three-rooted mandibular first molars with radix entomolaris (RE), investigate the correlation between anatomical classification and radiographic type of RE, and to determine the most effective horizontal beam angulation for the diagnosis of RE. Twenty-five extracted mandibular first permanent molars with RE were selected for taking radiographs in 7 horizontal angulations. By using set criteria, 3 evaluators assessed morphologic and radiographic features of the RE and optimum beam angulation for RE diagnosis. Intraexaminer variability was analyzed with Cohen kappa test. Three types of curvature of RE presented with 3 distinct types of typical radiographic appearance on orthoradial radiographs. We classified the radiographic features of RE into 3 types, as follows: type i, type ii, and type iii. Seven teeth showed type i radiographic features. Zero-degree, 5-degree, 15-degree, and 25-degree radiographs were s...
The aim of this study was to determine linear regression equations to estimate the widths of unerupted lower permanent canines and premolars using measurements obtained from 45 degrees oblique teleradiographs. The sample consisted of 30... more
The aim of this study was to determine linear regression equations to estimate the widths of unerupted lower permanent canines and premolars using measurements obtained from 45 degrees oblique teleradiographs. The sample consisted of 30 white Caucasian patients orthodontically treated at the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. The records for each patient included a 45 degrees oblique teleradiograph (left side) in the mixed dentition period and a dental cast of the permanent dentition. Pearson's test was applied between each lower canine, first and second premolars measured on the radiograph, and the sum of their actual widths measured on the dental cast. The strongest correlation occurred for the first premolars for one side (.82) and both sides (.84). One linear regression equation was determined to estimate the widths of un-erupted lower canine and premolars of both sides from a single measurement of the first premolar.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether some mandibular measurements on panoramic radiographs are associated with low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. A sample of 122 panoramic dental radiographs and bone density... more
The aim of this study was to investigate whether some mandibular measurements on panoramic radiographs are associated with low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. A sample of 122 panoramic dental radiographs and bone density tests from women 50 years or older were examined. Bone mineral density was measured in the lumbar spine and proximal femur regions through dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The mandibular cortical bone thickness below the mental foramen, mandibular alveolar bone resorption, and panoramic mandibular index were measured. The mandibular cortical thickness and mandibular alveolar bone resorption showed the highest specificity (lumbar spine: 89.8% vs 73.5%, proximal femur: 83.6% vs 71.2%, respectively). The panoramic mandibular index demonstrated the highest sensitivity (lumbar spine: 43.8%; proximal femur: 40.8%). The association between the mandibular cortical thickness and bone mineral density was statistically significant even after adjustment for hormonal treatment, smoking, age at menopause, and body mass index (P = 0.04). It is suggested that panoramic radiography may be useful for confirming individuals who present with low bone mineral density.
The aim of this study was to investigate the inclusion of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) composition to know which changes will result in the radiopacity of the material. The experiment was performed... more
The aim of this study was to investigate the inclusion of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) composition to know which changes will result in the radiopacity of the material. The experiment was performed according to the American National Standard Institute/American Dental Association specification no. 57/2000 and ISO 6876/2001. Five plates with five holes measuring 1 mm in depth and 5 mm in internal diameter were filled according to the different experimental groups as follows: white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) + NP50 - W MTA with liquid Ag NP 50 ppm, WMTA + NP30 - W MTA with liquid Ag NP 30 ppm, WMTA + NP22 - W MTA with liquid Ag NP 22 ppm, WMTA + NPP - white MTA with liquid Ag NP and powder 1%, WMTA (control). After filling the plates, they were kept in an incubator at 37°C in relative humidity for setting. Each sample was positioned along an aluminum step-wedge placed above the Opteo digital sensor system. The image was divided into four ...
Traditionally, dentists have been trained in the surgical model for caries management whereby detection is akin to diagnosis. This model unfortunately has been translated to patient expectations. Nevertheless, a growing body of clinical... more
Traditionally, dentists have been trained in the surgical model for caries management whereby detection is akin to diagnosis. This model unfortunately has been translated to patient expectations. Nevertheless, a growing body of clinical evidence suggests that noncavitated lesions, even those extending into dentin, can be managed by nonsurgical means with an expectation for remineralization.
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is an inherited disorder that affects ectodermally derived organs, such as teeth. Pathogenesis is thought to involve an altered epithelium-mesenchymal interaction. ED patients have oligodontia (or sometimes... more
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is an inherited disorder that affects ectodermally derived organs, such as teeth. Pathogenesis is thought to involve an altered epithelium-mesenchymal interaction. ED patients have oligodontia (or sometimes anodontia) in addition to other abnormalities involving the skin, sweat glands, or hair. Many different subtypes have been introduced in the literature. This article describes the case of a 4-year-old patient who, after being diagnosed with ED, was put on a treatment plan that involved mandibular implants, reshaping of the maxillary primary central incisors, and prosthetic dental rehabilitation. Due to the child's rapid growth, both dentures were changed 9 months post-treatment. Two years post-treatment, the maxillary denture was changed again and the child was placed under close supervision.
The success of nonsurgical endodontic treatment is influenced significantly by accurate working-length determination. A variety of guidelines and techniques are available to clinicians in mastering working-length analysis with routine... more
The success of nonsurgical endodontic treatment is influenced significantly by accurate working-length determination. A variety of guidelines and techniques are available to clinicians in mastering working-length analysis with routine success achieved when multiple methods are used. This article stresses a cognitive, problem-solving approach in the management of clinical variations in working-length determination and interpretation.
