Design Code

The objective of this study was twofold; 1) to explain the significant role of the physical environment in long term care homes to support health and quality of life for senior citizens, and 2) to construct design environment factors that benchmark  long term care accommodation for senior citizens in Malaysia.  After a careful literature review exploring through books, governmental reports, and journals, this paper identified five common attributes pivotal in supporting the health and well-being of the elderly. They are supportive physical environment, residential character, small scale approach, access to support services, and provision of  opportunities for community integration.  Previous researches show that Supportive  Housing  Design (SHD), which is  an option for Long Term Care (LTC), is one of the most beneficial  options as it provides with those attributes to  maximum.  In Malaysia, the study finds that  the existing Malaysian National Policy for the Elderly  does not synchronize the  health and well-being issues of senior citizens with Long Term Care (LTC).  This study implies that such policy should comprehensively consider SHD and derive design codes with respect to the components of SHD for a better quality of life for the senior citizens in the context of Malaysia.

This paper investigates the adequacy of the required seating length of bridge girders in the current Japanese bridge design code under strong earthquakes. The seating length was developed without considering the effect of soil-structure interaction (SSI). In this study, spatially varying earthquake ground motion time histories are simulated corresponding to the Japanese design spectrum, and any two of them are compatible with an empirical coherency loss function. Two bridge structures on half space are considered. The study reveals that although the Japanese design specification is currently the most advanced and strictest regulation and implicitly includes the effect of spatial variation of ground motions, the required seating length may still not be adequate, especially when the neighbouring bridge structure is flexible and when both structures experience different SSI.

The growing need for assuring efficient and sustainable investments in civil engineering structures has determined a renovated interest in the rational design of such structures from designers, clients and authorities. As a result, risk-informed decision-making methodologies are increasingly being used as a direct decision tool or as an upper-level layer from which performance-based approaches are then calibrated against. One of the most important and challenging aspects of today's structural design is to adequately handle the system-level effects, the known unknowns and the unknown unknowns. These aspects revolve around assessing and evaluating relevant damage scenarios, namely those involving unacceptable/intolerable damage levels. Hence, the importance of risk analysis of disproportionate collapse, and along with it of robustness. However, the way robustness has been used in modern design codes varies substantially, from simple provisions of prescriptive rules to complex risk...

Ενημερωτικό Δελτίο ΤΕΕ:
Αρχιτεκτονικό γραφείο ζητά να προσλάβει άμεσα αρχιτέκτονα με άριστη γνώση Η/Υ (επιθυμητή η γνώση ArchiCAD).

Περιοδικό Τεχνογράφημα του TEE/TKM:
Ζητείται αρχιτεκτόνισσα από τεχνική εταιρεία κατασκευών. Γνώση AutoCAD και προγραμμάτων φωτορεασλισμού. Ζητείται αρχιτέκτων. Γνώση 3d studio max, photoshop και premier.

Στην αρχή της χρήσης ο υπολογιστής θεωρούνταν ως η προσομοίωση της γραφομηχανής, του πινέλου και του παραλληλογράφου. Πιο πρόσφατα χρησιμοποιείται ευρέως στην αρχιτεκτονική για τη τρισδιάστατη απεικόνιση του τελικού αρχιτεκτονικού προϊόντος. Από τον σχεδιασμό στο χαρτί έγινε η μετάβαση στο ψηφιακό περιβάλλον με τη χρήση λογισμικών CAD δύο διαστάσεων και αργότερα τριών διατάσεων. Στο ψηφιακό περιβάλλον εργασίας (interface) του λογισμικού CAD, μικρά εικονίδια καθώς και εντολές γνώριμες στο σχεδιασμό του χαρτιού, αναπαριστούν τα σχήματα ή και τη διαδικασία σχεδιασμού που ακολουθούν στο χαρτί. Σχεδιασμός γραμμής, κύκλου, τόξου. Τα «layers» αντικαθιστούν τα αλλεπάλληλα ριζόχαρτα. Χρησιμοποιούνται δανεισμένες ορολογίες, όπως αντιγραφή, επικόλληση, παραλληλία, κόψιμο, προέκταση, έκδοση αρχείου, κλπ. Οι λειτουργίες δηλαδή του υπολογιστή εμπεριέχουν έτοιμες πολιτισμικές φόρμες στο σχεδιασμό τους.

The growing need for assuring efficient and sustainable investments in civil engineering structures has determined a renovated interest in the rational design of such structures from designers, clients and authorities. As a result, risk-informed decision-making methodologies are increasingly being used as a direct decision tool or as an upper-level layer from which performance-based approaches are then calibrated against. One of the most important and challenging aspects of today’s structural design is to adequately handle the system-level effects, the known unknowns and the unknown unknowns. These aspects revolve around assessing and evaluating relevant damage scenarios, namely those involving unacceptable/intolerable damage levels. Hence, the importance of risk analysis of disproportionate collapse, and along with it of robustness. However, the way robustness has been used in modern design codes varies substantially, from simple provisions of prescriptive rules to complex risk analysis of the disproportionate collapse. As a result, implementing design for robustness is still very much a grey area and more so when it comes to defining means to quantify robustness. This paper revisits the most common robustness frameworks, highlighting their merits and limitations, and identifies one among them which is very promising as a way forward to solve the still open challenges.

Elementary number theory was the basis of the development of error
correcting codes in the early years of coding theory. Finite fields were
the key tool in the design of powerful binary codes and gradually entered
in the general mathematical background of communications engineers.
Thanks to the technological developments and increased processing
power available in digital receivers, attention moved to the design
of signal space codes in the framework of coded modulation systems.
Here, the theory of Euclidean lattices became of great interest for the
design of dense signal constellations well suited for transmission over
the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel.
More recently, the incredible boom of wireless communications
forced coding theorists to deal with fading channels. New code design
criteria had to be considered in order to improve the poor performance
of wireless transmission systems. The need for bandwidthefficient
coded modulation became even more important due to scarce
availability of radio bands. Algebraic number theory was shown to be
a very useful mathematical tool that enables the design of good coding
schemes for fading channels.
These codes are constructed as multidimensional lattice signal sets