Editorials

The book focuses on the breakup of the Yugoslav Federation and wars that followed viewed through the comic art in the local and international press. War propaganda and political discourse are examined and placed in the larger historical context of this conflict. The study reveals that Yugoslav cartoonists anticipated, as early as 1984, the disintegration of the country and were forecasting armed conflict in 1989. Using print media and comic art as a primary source of investigation, the author has presented the mental representation of the war as seen in press cartoons, both chronologically and thematically. A representative sampling of some 400 cartoons (out of a database of almost 7’500) and dozens of interviews undertaken with political cartoonists in the 1990s are quoted in the book as a primary source.

According to the logic of the gendered modernity/tradition binary, women in traditional societies are oppressed and women in modern societies liberated. While the binary valorizes modern women, it potentially erases gendered oppression in the West and undermines feminist movements on behalf of Western women. Using U.S. newspaper text, I ask whether female genital cutting (FGC) is used to define women in modern societies as liberated. I find that speakers use FGC to both uphold and challenge the gendered modernity/tradition binary. Speakers use FGC to denigrate non-Western cultures and trivialize the oppressions that U.S. women typically encounter, but also to make feminist arguments on behalf of women everywhere. I argue that in addition to examining how culturally imperialist logics are reproduced, theorists interested in feminist postcolonialism should turn to the distribution of such logics, emphasizing the who, where, when, and how of reinscription of and resistance to such narratives.

Based on the concept of populism and its relation to media, this paper analyzes the construction of frameworks in editorials from the Brazilian and international press on the election of Jair Bolsonaro as President of Brazil. Our objective is to understand the degree to which these interpretative frameworks of the new Brazilian president express semantic categories of populist rhetoric. Using a methodology based on theories of media framing, we conducted a qualitative study of 22 editorials from the following Brazilian newspapers published during a two-week span in which the first and second rounds of the 2018 presidential election were held: O Globo, O Estado de S. Paulo and Folha S. Paulo; and the following international newspapers: El Pais, The Guardian, Público, Le Monde, Liberátion and The New York Times. The study tests two main hypotheses: (i) the newspapers adopted categories of populism to qualify and politically frame the candidacy of Jair Bolsonaro and (ii) the Brazilian media tried to “normalize” the Bolsonaro candidacy by taking on a less assertive position than that of the international press, which has always framed him as a populist leader.

Resumen:
En la presente investigación hemos analizado los editoriales que los medios de comunicación vascos publican durante los años 1990, 2000, 2008 y 2009 cuando se producen atentados de ETA con víctimas mortales. Pretendemos con ello observar el tratamiento que los diferentes medios de comunicación hacen sobre el terrorismo en sus textos de opinión más importantes, ya que son los que marcan la línea ideológica del medio. Como hipótesis de partida consideramos que a lo largo de las fechas analizadas hay un importantísimo cambio en la línea editorial de los medios a la hora de afrontar los asesinatos de ETA, que va desde la práctica inexistencia de la publicación de editoriales a la utilización de los mismos como instrumentos activos en la lucha contra la violencia. Alcanzado el año 2009, los medios de comunicación tienen una estrategia muy definida para combatir el terrorismo de ETA que queda perfectamente plasmada en los editoriales que publican.

Abstract:
This article presents an analysis of the editorials published by the Basque press in 1990, 2000, 2008 and 2009, when ETA carried out fatal attacks. The objective is to examine the treatment given by the different Basque newspapers to terrorism in their most important opinion texts, which reflect their ideology. The initial hypothesis is that the editorial line used by the Basque press to address ETA’s attacks has changed remarkably during the analysed years, going from the virtual absence of editorials to the use of editorials as active instruments in the fight against violence. By 2009, the Basque press had finally defined its strategy to combat ETA’s terrorism, and this was perfectly reflected in their editorials.

The demanding promotion of university teachers is being taken advantage of by international publishers to develop a fast business, which is framed by supposedly fraudulent activities of apparently scientific magazines, but without impact indexes that some experts already qualify as "epidemic" (García-Puente, 2019) and "plague" (Silva, 2016). This research uses the client or mystery researcher technique (Morena, 2013) to respond to an intentional sample of the call for papers (CFP) sent to researchers between January and April 2020, with a previously published article, which was intentionally altered to appear to be a scientific article, but which violates the guidelines of originality and rigour: the order of the paragraphs is altered and translated into English with DeepL, without subsequent monitoring. During the study period, 98 PICs were received and 38 submissions were made. The results are eloquent: none has been rejected, and within an average of 6 days 16 publication acceptances are confirmed. In all cases, payment is requested in advance. The article identifies the profile of the journals, their recruitment strategies, the use of claims of: indexing, ethical standards and peer review and the naming strategies to simulate international prestige.

The literature concerning political journalism indicates that those agents in higher hierarchy positions tend to receive more visibility in news. Aiming to enlighten relations between the office held by a political agent or the fact it is an institution and the amount of visibility they receive, the article seeks to understand the parameters to editorial production. We identify agents and institutions mentioned by 185 editorials of two Brazilian newspapers, O Estado de S. Paulo e Folha de S. Paulo. The article has three hypotheses: H1 - there is a positive correlation between being an institution and the amount of mentions received in editorials; H2 - there is a positive correlation between holding an office and the amount of mentions received in editorials; and H3 - once editorials integrating the corpus deal with Brazilian Congress, both Houses (House of Representatives and Senate) and political agents belonging to Legislative Power are the most mentioned by the pieces. We used descriptive statistics to test the hypotheses. We have also applied a t-test, multiple regressions and examined the p-value of data. Only the first hypothesis was confirmed. The second one was denied and the third was partially confirmed. Only very powerful political agents, such as the president, have visibility in editorials. The priority was mentions to institutions. Political journalism practiced in editorials is addressed to political agents that have the power of executing things or to important institutions to democracies. So, the access to public sphere is even more restricted in those texts.

Resumo: A literatura sobre jornalismo político indica que aqueles agentes ocupando cargos de maior hierarquia tendem a dispor de maior cota de visibilidade no noticiário. A fim de esclarecer as relações entre o cargo ocupado pelo agente político ou o fato de tratar-se de uma instituição e o grau de visibilidade do qual se dispõe, este artigo busca compreender como funcionam os parâmetros de escolha editorial, por meio de mapeamento das personagens e instituições mencionadas por 185 editoriais dos jornais O Estado de S. Paulo e Folha de S. Paulo sobre o Congresso Nacional. O trabalho propõe três hipóteses: H1 - há correlação positiva entre tratar-se de uma instituição e a quantidade de menções recebidas nos editoriais; H2 - há correlação positiva entre ocupar cargo nos campos político e econômico ou no Judiciário e a quantidade de menções recebidas nos editoriais; e H3 - uma vez que os editoriais compondo o corpus tratam do Congresso Nacional, as duas Casas (Câmara e Senado) e os agentes integrantes do Legislativo são os mais mencionados pelas peças. Para testar as hipóteses, utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Também se aplicou um teste-t, uma regressão múltipla e observou-se o valor-p para os dados. Apenas a primeira hipótese foi confirmada por completo, enquanto a segunda foi refutada e a terceira foi confirmada em parte. Os dados contradizem a literatura sobre jornalismo político. Apenas agentes políticos muito poderosos, a exemplo do presidente da República, obtêm visibilidade nos editoriais, pois se priorizam menções a instituições. Assim, o jornalismo político praticado nos editoriais dirige-se a agentes políticos detentores de poder de decisão ou a instituições significativas para a democracia e para o sistema político do país, tornando o acesso à esfera de visibilidade pública ainda mais restrito.

The Role of Cohesive Devices and the Interplay of Theme and Rheme in Consolidating the Argument of Krauthammer’s Free-lunch Egalitarianism Emad Ahmed Saleem Abu Ayyash The British University in Dubai United Arab Emirates Abstract: Ever since they were introduced by Halliday and Hasan (1976), cohesive devices have been used as an instrument of analysis in a plethora of research papers that have investigated a variety of textual types. The reason behind using the 1976-model of cohesion in textual analysis is that it is probably the most comprehensive account of cohesive ties to-date. Of equal importance are the notions of Theme and Rheme since the interplay of these components has a major effect in analysing different genres. This paper espouses a micro-analytic approach, text-based analysis to explore the role of cohesive devices and the interplay of Theme and Rheme in reinforcing arguments found in newspaper editorials. Specifically, this paper analyses Krauthammer’s Free-lunch Egal...

The study analyzes the editorial position of the Brazilian and foreign press in the coverage of Dilma Rousseff’s impeachment trial. By a framing analysis, we aim to understand how the national quality newspapers such as Folha de S. Paulo, O Estado de S. Paulo, O Globo, and the international ones as Público, El País, The Guardian, Le Monde and The New York Times organize the events and construct the respective political narratives, verifying the similarities and differences in the interpretation of the political crisis that led to the removal of the first female president of Brazil.

In China, the genre (Bhatia 1993) of news commentary has had a key role in the evolution of the country’s politics since the end of the 19th century, when modern journalism started to develop under the late Qing dynasty (De Giorgi 2001). In contemporary press, news commentaries (xinwen pinglun) can be divided into two main sub-genres: commentary on current affairs (shiping) and editorial (shelun ??). While their structure and communicative purposes are similar, the main difference lies in the (in)visibility of the author. Shiping are signed by the commentator and include a brief profile to qualify them as an expert. Shelun are anonymous, since the opinions presented are the paper’s voice (Cheng 2008, Ding 2009, Du 2013). Starting from the late 90s, as a consequence of the commercialisation of the sector and a growing demand for original views in the press, papers have increasingly relied on independent contributors (ziyou zhuangaoren) for commentaries on current affairs and editorials (Shen 2003, Gongyang 2008, Lupano 2017). Drawing on a series of interviews made to Chinese independent commentators between 2008 and 2015, this contribution aims to discuss the effects that the (in)visibility of the author has on the commentary’s authoritativeness and political influence, and the degree of independence with which opinions can be expressed, in a media environment that is still attentively controlled by the political authority (Qian and Bandurski 2011, Young 2013).

Lal Masjid operation was one of the hot issues of Musharraf regime. Media disseminate the information to the people in many ways. No doubt the media has strong social and cultural impact on any society. Pakistani media portrayed Lal Masjid operation with different angles and with different point of views. Lal Masjid issue was attracting the full attraction of the media at the time when issue of national importance such as the independence of the judiciary and the decision on the fate of the chief justice media gave full time coverage to the Lal Masjid issue
before the world. Media is considered fourth pillar of society and a free market of ideas. It guides, moulds and forms public opinion. People come to know about different issues after analyzing media opinion about it. This study
has equipped for the method of content analysis of elite English newspapers of Pakistani press.

This article intends to analyze the main discursive and argumentative strategies adopted by the discourses found in the editorials
of the journal Varia Historia. The research focused on the years of 2015 and 2016. A total of six editorials were
analyzed from which fourteen representative excerpts were extracted for argumentative analysis. For this purpose, Discourse
Analysis (DA) was employed in the scope of Patrick Charaudeau’s Semiolinguistics theory. On the basis of a triangular
situation constituted by an argumentative subject (here represented by the publisher of Varia Historia), a target subject (the
readers of the magazine), and a proposition about the world, this article aims at building a premise for the acting of both
these subjects. In sum, the analysis of the editorials enabled the understanding of the object’s potential as a political-scientific
instance and a practice inside a field of knowledge. This theoretical and methodological combination and a new object - the
scientific editorial - were profitable for the comprehension of discursive elements in the editorials. They unveil the establishment
of the concept of science in accordance with discussions concerning scientific neutrality, the construction of academic
knowledge and its relations to lay knowledge, politics as a historical subject and, at last, the dissemination of knowledge in
History.

The Role of Cohesive Devices and the Interplay of Theme and Rheme in Consolidating the Argument of Krauthammer’s Free-lunch Egalitarianism

Emad Ahmed Saleem Abu Ayyash
The British University in Dubai
United Arab Emirates



Abstract:
Ever since they were introduced by Halliday and Hasan (1976), cohesive devices have been used as an instrument of analysis in a plethora of research papers that have investigated a variety of textual types. The reason behind using the 1976-model of cohesion in textual analysis is that it is probably the most comprehensive account of cohesive ties to-date. Of equal importance are the notions of Theme and Rheme since the interplay of these components has a major effect in analysing different genres. This paper espouses a micro-analytic approach, text-based analysis to explore the role of cohesive devices and the interplay of Theme and Rheme in reinforcing arguments found in newspaper editorials. Specifically, this paper analyses Krauthammer’s Free-lunch Egalitarianism in terms of the author’s employment of grammatical and lexical cohesive devices and Theme and Rheme variations to support his argument. Following the textual analysis, the paper concludes with a number of implications that the textual analysis can have on education, particularly the teaching of writing.
Keywords: grammatical cohesion, lexical cohesion, Theme and Rheme, editorials

As Editor-in-Chief at The Freelance Netizen™ online magazine, I edit, peer-review and supervise peer review services for all article and editorial submissions.

The Freelance Netizen™ explores the interdisciplinary connections between Information & Communication Technologies and the history of information culture, civil rights and social action. It critically addresses digital mediums as the intercultural confluence of global dialectics. A typical editorial at TFN magazine might explore the present and future directions of Intercultural Information Ethics and its crossroads with the latest WikiLeaks debate.

TFN magazine provides a crossroads between the academic applications of philosophy, technology and interculture with current events, looking to philosophies of communication and information as a platform for addressing questions of digital ontology. TFN magazine is currently exploring, alongside the International Centre for Information Ethics, applications of global citizenship in a digital era with a specific address of digital citizenship and the netizen.

The objective of TFN magazine is to further expertise in intercultural editing and writing for academic and scholarly communications and current events, both on a local and global scale, by researching and structuring innovative dialogue towards a citizen engagement of Information & Communication Technologies (ICTs) through an understanding of the nature of information.

Jared Bielby,
Editor-in-Chief, TFN
Co-chair, ICIE
Editor, IRIE
www.jaredbielby.com

http://www.thefreelancenetizen.com

O objetivo do trabalho é entender como os jornais O Estado de S. Paulo e Folha de S. Paulo retrataram, em seus editoriais, a controvérsia cercando a votação do Marco Civil da Internet na Câmara dos Deputados. A ideia é compreender, não somente, como os periódicos viam o projeto de lei, mas também como se posicionavam na discussão, que ia além do Marco Civil e envolvia disputas entre governo e base aliada. O artigo tem, por método, análise de conteúdo aliada à identificação dos enquadramentos – a partir do conceito de Robert Entman – presentes nos textos. Foram identificados 7 enquadramentos no material: divergências entre o governo e a base aliada; defesa da neutralidade de rede; articulação dos oponentes à aprovação do Marco Civil; brechas no projeto; mobilização em favor da aprovação; questionamento sobre a qualidade do serviço prestado pelas teles; e crítica à exigência de data centers instalados no Brasil. A fim de examinar o conteúdo dos textos, os frames foram analisados qualitativamente. Foram observadas, ainda, as personagens e instituições citadas pelos editoriais. Os resultados apontam para a priorização do conflito entre a Presidência e a base aliada na cobertura. Também são abordadas questões de cunho substancial, como brechas no projeto e a defesa da neutralidade de rede. Os jornais adotam uma posição ambígua em relação ao Marco Civil. Ao mesmo tempo em que apoiam o projeto, destacam problemas e interesses diversos que comprometem a lei, além das brechas que ela poderia ter. No caso dos editoriais sobre o Marco Civil, os periódicos não somente oferecem uma interpretação ao leitor, mas procuram apresentar-se como guardiões da audiência, enquanto defendem seus próprios interesses.

The analysis aims to identify and explain how ideology is constructed and presented through language used in two Pakistani newspapers, viz., the Nation and the Dawn. Emphasis is placed on the construction of ideology using framework of analyzing media discourse given by van Dijk (1998) thus revealing the close relationship between language and ideology. The findings indicate that lexical choices and sentence structure in written text play a fundamental role in propagation and perpetuation of implicit and dominant ideologies and that there are certain ideological differences that are yielded either tacitly or overtly in newspaper editorials. The article is divided into four sections. The first section includes the introduction of the newspaper editorial. The next two sections describe what critical discourse analysis is, framework of Van Dijk‟s media discourse model, brief history of the newspaper under investigation and an analysis of the data. The last section offers concluding rem...

The  editorial  materials  in  top  medical  and  public  health  journals  are  opportunities  for  experts  to  offer  thoughts  that  might  influence  the  trajectory  of  the  field.  To  date,  while  some  studies  have  examined  gender  bias in the publication of editorial materials in medical journals, none have studied public health journals. In this perspective, we studied the gender ratio of the editorial materials published in the top health and medical sciences journals between 2008 and early 2018 to test whether gender bias exists. We studied a total of 59 top journals in health and medical sciences. Overall, while there is a trend of increasing proportion of female first authors,  there  is  still  a  greater  proportion  of  male  than  female  first  authors.  The  average  male-to-female  first  author ratio during the study period across all journals was 2.08. Ensuring equal access and exposure through journal editorials is a critical step, albeit only one step of a longer journey, towards gender balance in health and medical  sciences  research.  Editors  of  top  journals  have  a  key  role  to  play  in  pushing  the  fields  towards  more  balanced gender equality, and we strongly urge editors to rethink the strategies for inviting authors for editorial materials.

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as estratégias discursivas e argumentativas veiculadas pelos discursos contidos nos editoriais publicados na revista Varia Historia. O recorte temporal compreende os anos de 2015 e 2016. Foram analisados seis editoriais, cujo corpus possibilitou extrair 14 trechos representativos para o estudo argumentativo. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi realizada uma Análise do Discurso (AD), tendo como escopo a Teoria Semiolinguística (TS) de Patrick Charaudeau. Com base em uma situação triangular, que se constituiu de um sujeito argumentante, neste caso, representada pela editoria da revista Varia Historia, o sujeito alvo, que são os leitores da revista e a proposta sobre o mundo, o trabalho objetivou construir uma premissa para a atuação dos dois sujeitos. Em síntese, com a análise dos editoriais, foi possível compreender o potencial desse novo objeto como instância político-científica e o fazer científico em um domínio de conhecimento. O modelo de combi...

Uno de los factores clave en la maduración de la labor periodística en el siglo XX ha sido la evolución de los géneros, sobre todo en la prensa. Su dominio permitió la canalización adecuada de los datos, comentarios y análisis en sendos textos (informativos, opinantes e interpretativos) que respetan estilos diferentes, aunque complementarios, si se toma en cuenta el contenido global de una publicación. Dentro del periodismo hispanoamericano, esta intención se ha plasmado en las clasificaciones tripartitas. En la actualidad, la prensa se interrelaciona con las nuevas plataformas comunicativas (contenidas en el cambiante espectro del "ciberperiodismo") que emplean constantemente los recursos multimedia de Internet, la inmediatez de las redes sociales virtuales y el microblogging. Dentro de este escenario, los géneros adquieren una nueva importancia en los medios escritos (diarios, suplementos, revistas periodísticas, entre otros), configurándose en una metodología que salvaguarda la ética profesional, ayudando a los redactores en la composición de piezas substanciales y de narrativa atractiva, producto de la investigación rigurosa, así como del enfoque especializado y multidisciplinar, acorde con las exigencias del siglo XXI. One of the key factors in the maturation of modern Journalism, during the 20th century, has been the evolution of Journalism Genres, especially in the Press. Their domain allowed the appropriately diffusion of data, opinions and analysis into informative, opinion and interpretative texts that respected different styles, but also complementary, if one takes into account the overall content of a publication. Within Latin American Journalism, this intention has resulted in tripartite classifications. Currently, the Press interrelates with the new communication platforms (contained in the changing spectrum of Digital Journalism) that constantly used multimedia Internet resources, the immediacy of virtual social networks and the Microblogging. Within this scenario, Journalism Genders take a new importance in Print Media (newspapers, supplements, journalistic magazines, among others), setting up a methodology that safeguards professional ethics, helping journalists in the composition of substantial texts with appealing narrative, product of rigorous research, as well as specialized and multidisciplinary approach in line with the demands of the 21st century.

A woman’s magazine is a forum where descriptions of the ideal modern woman meet with the experiences of real-life women readers. In the forum that is Cos-mopolitan, the genres of editorials and feature stories enter a dialogue with each other. The editorials promote the dominant discourse of fun, fearless females, inviting the reader to join the party. The feature stories, then, start from the op-posite end of the spectrum: lives out of control. These discourses are made up of narratives of possible problems, even disasters.
In both text genres the reader is addressed as a reader and a friend in the manner of advertising. In the case of Cosmopolitan, the reader/friend is epitomized as the Cosmo girl. She is a construction derived from market research; the consumer targeted by both the publisher and the advertisers. 
The purpose of the study is to investigate how the magazine deals with dis-courses which challenge the discourse of the ideal performance of the Cosmo girl femininity. The material consists of the 12 editorials of Cosmopolitan UK 2004 and 48 feature stories in Cosmopolitan UK 2004 and 2006. This study is set within Critical Discourse Analysis and regards discourse as a creation of identi-ties. The method is repertoire analysis, where the repertoires are seen as descrip-tions of the performance characterizing these identities. The repertoires are formed by recurring themes referring to the behaviour of the Cosmo girl.
The results suggest that the magazine chooses to allow certain competing dis-courses describing trouble in the life of the Cosmo girl. By doing so, it is able to produce new discourses of its own which neutralize the competing discourses.