Independent Variables

The adsorption of simulated aqueous solution containing textile remazol reactive dye, namely Red 3BS by palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) as adsorbent was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Box-Behnken design in three most important operating variables; initial dye concentration, dosage of adsorbent and speed of impeller was employed for experimental design and optimization of results. The significance of independent variables and their interactions were tested by means of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 95% confidence limits. Model indicated that with the increasing of dosage and speed give the result of removal up to 90% with the capacity uptake more than 7 mg/g. High regression coefficient between the variables and the response (R-Sq = 93.9%) showed of good evaluation of experimental data by polynomial regression model.

www.waset.org/publications/2809

The characteristics of pulsed,diode lasers and linear CCD array optical detectors are explored in the context of high ,speed ,precision dimension ,and ,location measurements ,by optical ,diffraction and interference. It is suggested that pixel based metrology may, with appropriate signal extraction and processing methods, be made more accurate by making edges less well defined: if the mechanism of definition loss is well understood, e.g., diffraction, the intensity distribution over many pixels can be matched to a template to within a small fraction of a pixel, obviating the need to make sub-pixel interpolations based on local intensities. The specific example,of making remote flash measurements ofthe diameter and location of an opaque cylindrical object, e.g., a fast-moving textile strand, is examined. A model is developed for calculating the diffraction pattern given the target and instrument parameters. The results are examined,and compared,with experimental data. Algorithms for ...