Magnetic Monopoles

On the other hand, as IceCube collects more years of data, the limit that we set can be made more stringent by adding more data to the analysis (if a monopole is not found)." [32] Such devices would use magnetic films and superconducting thin films to deploy and manipulate magnetic monopoles to sort and store data based on the north or south direction of their polesanalogous to the ones and zeros in conventional magnetic storage devices. [31]

The interactions between a monopole and an electron in a two dimensional plane was modelled using classical mechanics; and it was shown that the electron follows bound states with certain initial values of momentum and radius from the projection. A new equation was found based upon previous work in the field and this led to new bound states that were hypotrochoidal in shape when the initial momentum or radius is slightly lower than the bound states which may be due to an approximation of a uniform field. The other scatter patterns could be used to monitor scatter patterns for electrons to detect monopoles.

Abstract: In an earlier paper, the author employed the thesis that baryons are Yang-Mills magnetic monopoles and that proton and neutron binding energies are determined based on their up and down current quark masses to predict a relationship among the electron and up and down quark masses within experimental errors and to obtain a very accurate relationship for nuclear binding energies generally and for the binding of 56 Fe in particular. The free proton and neutron were understood to each contain intrinsic binding energies which confine their quarks, wherein some or most (never all) of this energy is released for binding when they are fused into composite nuclides. The purpose of this paper is to further advance this thesis by seeing whether it can explain the specific empirical binding energies of the 1s nuclides, namely, 2 H,

We address the issue why the number and the location of magnetic monopoles detected on lattice configurations are gauge dependent, in contrast with the physical expectation that monopoles have a gauge-invariant status. By use of the non-Abelian Bianchi identities we show that monopoles are gauge-invariant, but the efficiency of the technique usually adopted to detect them depends on the choice of the gauge in a well understood way. In particular we have studied a class of gauges which interpolate between the Maximal Abelian gauge, where all monopoles are observed, and the Landau gauge, where all monopoles escape detection.

We show how the Koide relationships and associated triplet mass matrices can be generalized to derive the observed sum of the free neutron and proton rest masses in terms of the up and down current quark masses and the Fermi vev to six parts in 10,000, which sum can then be solved for the separate neutron and proton masses using the neutron minus proton mass difference derived by the author in an recent, separate paper. The opposite charges of the up and down quarks are responsible for the appearance of a complex phase exp(iδ) and real rotation angle which leads on an independent basis to mass and mixing matrices similar to that of Cabibbo, Kobayashi and Maskawa and which can be used to specify the neutron and proton mass relationships to unlimited accuracy. The Koide generalizations developed here enable these neutron and proton mass relationships to be given a Lagrangian formulation based on neutron and proton field strength tensors that contain vacuum-amplified and current quark ...

We consider the superposition of infinitely many instantons on a circle in . The construction yields a self-dual solution of the Yang–Mills equations with action density concentrated on the ring. We show that this configuration is reducible in which case magnetic charge can be defined in a gauge invariant way. Indeed, we find a unit charge monopole (worldline) on the ring. This is an analytic example of the correlation between monopoles and action/topological density, however with infinite action. We show that both the Maximal Abelian Gauge and the Laplacian Abelian Gauge detect the monopole, while the Polyakov gauge does not. We discuss the implications of this configuration.

We discuss a non-minimal Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs model with uniaxial anisotropy in the group space associated with the Higgs field. We apply this theory to the problem of propagation of color and color-acoustic waves in the gravitational background related to the non-minimal regular Wu-Yang monopole.