Mutually Hurting Stalemate Model

According to historical perspective, the violence of conflict in Aceh killed more 15,000 and more than 50,000 had victimized by the situation of violence and conflict in Aceh, moreover, the devastation of tsunami put a great trauma for the people of Aceh. So, the birth of the permanent peace agreement is really necessary to build the safe and conducive environment for the people of Aceh.The main emphasis of this paper is to explore the roles of third parties in Aceh peace process that include the roles of Henry Dunant Center and Martti Ahtisaari - Crisis Management Initiative. Thus it seems that one should not take a categorical position on the role of different types of actors in conflict and peace processes. It is not important who does something, but what is being done. When compromises are encouraged, when violent action is discouraged, then peace is served. Next exploring the other factors behind the involvement of third parties in Aceh that include issues of human rights, increase of democracy, demand of referendum in Aceh, Autonomy status for Aceh, also state leaderships that led to the peace process of Aceh. This research also focuses to the theory of  moment of ripeness to explain the timing of mediation involvements in Aceh peace process.

Building on the existing notions of 'push and pull' in ripeness theory-the perceptions of a Mutually Hurting Stalemate (MHS) and of a Way Out (WO)-this article aims to explore a less scrutinized third element which proves to be essential for ripeness to achieve its full potential: the perception of Mutually Enticing Opportunities (MEO). While the MHS has the capacity to disincentivize the conflicting parties from further pursuing confrontational strategies, and the WO may embolden them to explore negotiations as a viable alternative, neither one guarantees that what is negotiated will be sufficiently attractive for the parties to truly commit to the peacemaking process and see the negotiated agreement come through and make it endure in time. This article will provide conceptual clarity about the MEOs, by surveying four essential characteristics that need to exist for an opportunity to be truly mutually enticing: mutuality, exclusivity, interdependency, and cooperation. Furthermore, building on Zartman's earlier work on MEOs, the article will expound procedural and substantive elements that 'lock-in' the parties into the peacemaking process, by having their needs, interests and demands fulfilled by newly formulated solutions.