NC

Infant survival and the development of secure and cooperative relationships are central to the future of the species. In humans, this relies heavily on the evolving early parent–infant social and affective relationship. While much is known about the behavioural and psychological components of this relationship, relatively little is known about the underlying functional neuroanatomy. Affective and social neuroscience has helped to describe the main adult brain networks involved, but has so far engaged very little with developmental findings. In this review, we seek to highlight future avenues for research by providing a coherent framework for describing the parent–infant relationship over the first 18 months. We provide an outline of the evolving nature of the relationship, starting with basic orienting and recognition processes, and culminating in the infant's attainment of higher socio-emotional and cognitive capacities. Key social and affective interactions, such as communication, cooperative play and the establishment of specific attachments propel the development of the parent–infant relationship. We summarise our current knowledge of the developing infant brain in terms of structure and function, and how these relate to the emergent abilities necessary for the formation of a secure and cooperative relationship with parents or other caregivers. Important roles have been found for brain regions including the orbitofrontal, cingulate, and insular cortices in parent–infant interactions, but it has become clear that much more information is needed about the developmental time course and connectivity of these regions.

The urge for achieving highe productivity of domestic production alongside broadening o poduct assortment conditions more intense application of numeical NC and compute numerical control CNC machines and of basic devices for automation of small serial and medium serial production as dominating ways of production. It is, thereore easy to undestand the attention being paid to installing a bigger number of CNC machines in the production process in the last few years, whose development is in close connection to the development of electronics and computing technique. Computer controlling presents the basic automation of a working process. All the pieces of information necessary for controlling and working process realisation that are programmed are systemised and coded in the form of a programme. They are entered in the memory of a controlling system. The basic elements of the design process in industrial practice are graphical simulations of a working process on CNC machines, which are most frequently presented by an independent software, depending on the applied control type. The independent Win3D-View software, version 2.00 with basic characteistics and possibilities presented in the paper on the example of turning has also been developed for that purpose. The software has been created for the purpose of the 3D graphical simulation of turning and milling on CNC machines and it is most frequently integrated with WinNC and WinCTS software. The working process that is graphically simulated on the CNC machine is previously programmed in SINUMERIK 810T controlling format (or in one of the following types of control: SINUMERIK 820T, GE FANUC Series 0-TC, EMCOTRONIC T2). The graphical simulation, primarily designed for industrial use, realistically presents the working process, unmachined part, tool, clamp device, and different views and sections of a processing piece. A library with standard tools is formatted during the software installation, from which all the tools necessary for the processing are chosen. It is also possible to create one’s own tools for the 3D simulation. The paper presents a modelling procedure of a typical tool for turning.

This paper presents secure transmission for digital watermarking using four level stationary or redundant wavelet transform (SWT/RWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). In the embedding process. For copyright protection and image quality, we used 4-SWT-SVD for digital watermarking. In our method, SWT is applied to decompose the cover image and produce the low and high frequency coefficients to take benefits of “power compaction” goods. SVD is additionally performed to acquire the singular values and improve the strength of the algorithm. The experimental outcomes give good results up-to 49% as compared to previous results. Several results show that the presented method is able to withstand under various attacks. In this study, we determined the performance of this algorithm on the basis of Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Normalized Correlation (NC) value of various watermarked images.

The problem of manufacturing systems scheduling by means of dispatching rules is that these rules depend on the state in which the system is in every moment. Therefore it would be interesting to use in every state of the system, the most adequate dispatching rule to that state. To achieve this goal, it is presented in this paper a scheduling approach which uses machine learning. This approach, according to the previous performance of the system (training examples), is capable of working out the most appropriate dispatching rule for every state of the system.

The research work outlined in the present note highlights the essential role played by the simulation procedures implemented by us on CINECA supercomputers to complement the mathematical investigations concerning neuronal activity modeling, carried within our group over the past several years. The ultimate target of our research is the understanding of certain crucial features of the information processing and transmission by single neurons embedded in complex networks. More specifically, here we provide a bird’s eye look of some analytical, numerical and simulation results on the asymptotic behavior of first passage time densities for Gaussian processes, both of a Markov and of a non-Markov type. Significant similarities or diversities between computational and simulated results are pointed out.

ABSTRACT This review highlights recent developments in the grafting of conjugated polymers onto various substrates for organic electronic devices. The rapid development of multi-layer architectures demands the preparation of well-defined interfaces between both compatible and incompatible materials. It is promising therefore that interface-engineering is now known to help passivate charge trap states, control energy level alignments, enhance charge extraction, guide active-layer morphologies, and improve material compatibility, adhesion and device stability. In organic electronic devices, conjugated polymers are in contact with a wide range of constituents, such as metals, metal oxides, organic materials, and inorganic particles. Covalent bonds between these materials and macromolecules are desired to yield intimate contacts and well-defined interfaces. Following an overview of the various synthetic methodologies of conjugated polymers, the chemistry of tethering macromolecular chains onto nanoparticles and flat surfaces is described. The creation of functional hybrid materials offers the potential to deliver efficient and low-cost devices.

It is unclear whether there is hemispheric specialization for prosodic perception and, if so, what the nature of this hemispheric asymmetry is. Using the lesion-approach, many studies have attempted to test whether there is hemispheric specialization for emotional and linguistic prosodic perception by examining the impact of left vs. right hemispheric damage on prosodic perception task performance. However, so far no consensus has been reached. In an attempt to find a consistent pattern of lateralization for prosodic perception, a meta-analysis was performed on 38 lesion studies (including 450 left hemisphere damaged patients, 534 right hemisphere damaged patients and 491 controls) of prosodic perception. It was found that both left and right hemispheric damage compromise emotional and linguistic prosodic perception task performance. Furthermore, right hemispheric damage degraded emotional prosodic perception more than left hemispheric damage (trimmed g = −0.37, 95% CI [−0.66; −0.09], N = 620 patients). It is concluded that prosodic perception is under bihemispheric control with relative specialization of the right hemisphere for emotional prosodic perception.► Both cerebral hemispheres are necessary for adequate emotional and linguistic prosodic perception. ► The right hemisphere is more important than the left hemisphere for emotional prosodic perception. ► Prosodic processing is under bihemispheric control with relative right hemispheric lateralization for emotional perception.