Network computing

Background Phylogenetic profiles record the occurrence of homologs of genes across fully sequenced organisms. Proteins with similar profiles are typically components of protein complexes or metabolic pathways. Various existing methods measure similarity between two profiles and, hence, the likelihood that the two proteins co-evolve. Some methods ignore phylogenetic relationships between organisms while others account for such with metrics that explicitly model the likelihood of two proteins co-evolving on a tree. The latter methods more sensitively detect co-evolving proteins, but at a significant computational cost. Here we propose a novel heuristic to improve phylogenetic profile analysis that accounts for phylogenetic relationships between genomes in a computationally efficient fashion. We first order the genomes within profiles and then enumerate runs of consecutive matches and accurately compute the probability of observing these. We hypothesize that profiles with many runs are...

Wireless Mobile Communication systems will be more sophisticated and wide spread in future. This growth demands not only for capacity increase, but also high quality of service and better coverage without increase in the radio frequency spectrum allocated for mobile applications. Smart antenna is one of the promising technologies for achieving efficient networks that maximize capacity and improve quality and coverage. These Smart antennas dynamically adapt to changing traffic requirements. The core of smart antenna is the selection of smart algorithms in adaptive array. Using beam forming algorithms, the weight of antenna arrays can be adjusted to form certain amount of adaptive beam to track corresponding users automatically and at the same time to minimize interference arising from other users by introducing nulls in their directions Smart antennas are usually employed at the base stations and they radiate narrow beams to serve different users. This work looked at the Smart Antenna technology and its principles of operation, and the associated benefits obtainable from its implementation in a mobile cellular network.

Morphometric analysis is one of the important study in the natural sciences in general, and geomorphology and hydrology in particular, to describe the nature of surface drainage networks. The study area lies in north of Iraq, in Al-sulaymaniya province. With an area of (1545.1) Km². And the geographic coordinates of the study area is (35°.28`-35°.52` N). (45°.20`-46°.24` E). DEM image were used with (90 m) resolution and the drawing tools in ARC GIS program to delineate the total basin of the study area and watersheds. We conclude that there were 3 main watersheds in the study area and that group of parameters were calculated such as (linear, areal and relief properties)). The study shows that the stream density was (1.77) Km/Km 2 which mean that the study area has a bad discharge of water and sediments, the elongation in the study area is (0.55) and that mean the study area is closer to a rectangular shape, and the relief in the study area is (25.1) m/Km and it reflects that the study area had rich effects of erosion and weathering.

We consider transmission policies for multiple users sharing a single wireless link to a base station. The noise, and hence the probability of correct transmission of a packet, depends on the state of the user receiving the packet. The state for each user is independent of the states of the other users and changes according to a two-state (good/bad) Markov chain. The state of a user is observed only when it transmits. We give conditions under which the optimal policy is the myopic policy, in which a packet is transmitted to the user that is most likely to be in the better of the two states. We do this by showing that the optimal value function is marginally linear in each of the users' probabilities of being in the good state. Our model also may be applied to flexible manufacturing systems with unreliable tools and networked computer systems.

This report presents results of the San Gabriel Valley Smart Shuttle (SGVSS) Field Operational Test (FOT). Results are drawn from a comprehensive evaluation of the FOT conducted over a three-year period. The SGVSS attempted to integrate services of three local municipal public transit operators and a regional fixed route operator via networked computer-assisted dispatching, automated vehicle location, and mobile data

The Mneme project is an investigation of techniques for integrating programming language and database features to provide better support for cooperative, information-intensive tasks such as computer-aided software engineering. The project strategy is to implement efficient, distributed, persistent programming languages. We report here on the Mneme persistent object store, a fundamental component of the project, discussing its design and initial prototype. Mneme storesobjectsin a simple and general format, preserving object identity and object interrelationships. Specific goals for the store include portability, extensibility (especially with respect to object management policies), and performance. The model of memory that the store aims at is a single, cooperatively-shared heap, distributed across a collection of networked computers. The initial prototype is intended mainly to explore performance issues and to support object-oriented persistent programming languages. We include perf...

Distributed Embedded Systems (DESs) carrying out critical tasks must be highly reliable and hard in real-time. Moreover, to operate in dynamic operational contexts in an effective and efficient manner, they must also be adaptive. Adaptivity is particularly interesting from a dependability perspective, as it can be used to develop dynamic fault tolerance mechanisms, which, in combination with static ones, make it possible to provide better and more efficient fault tolerance. However, constructing a DES with such complexity presents many challenges. This is because all the mechanisms that support fault tolerance, real-time, and adaptivity must be designed to operate in a coordinated manner. This paper presents the Dynamic Fault Tolerance for Flexible Time-Triggered Ethernet (DFT4FTT), a self-reconfigurable infrastructure for implementing highly reliable adaptive DES. Here, we describe the design of its hardware and software architecture and the main set of mechanisms, with a focus on ...

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) enhance connectivity and accessibility for civilian and military applications. A group of UAVs with on-board cameras usually monitors or collects information about designated areas. The UAVs can build a distributed network to share/exchange and to process collected sensing data before sending to a data processing center. A huge data transmission among them may cause latency and high-energy consumption. This paper deploys artificial intelligent (AI) techniques to process the video data streaming among the UAVs. Thus, each distributed UAV only needs to send a certain required information to each other. Each UAV processes data utilizing AI and only sends the data that matters to the others. The UAVs, formed as a connected network, communicate within a short communication range and share their own data to each other. Convolution neural network (CNN) technique extracts feature from images automatically that the UAVs only send the moving objects i...

We present a scalable end-to-end system for vision-based monitoring of natural environments, and illustrate its use for the analysis of avian nesting cycles. Our system enables automated analysis of thousands of images, where manual processing would be infeasible. We automate the analysis of raw imaging data using statistics that are tailored to the task of interest. These “features” are a representation to be fed to classifiers that exploit spatial and temporal consistencies. Our testbed can detect the presence or absence of a bird with an accuracy of 82%, count eggs with an accuracy of 84%, and detect the inception of the nesting stage within a day. Our results demonstrate the challenges and potential benefits of using imagers as biological sensors. An exploration of system performance under varying image resolution and frame rate suggest that an in situ adaptive vision system is technically feasible.

Research and development activities in social computing, although still in exploratory stages, have already inspired a wide array of undertakings aimed at fostering the collective engagement of small groups and larger collectivities. Social computing research combines theory building and design work; experiments supporting small social groups or large online communities create new interaction settings that allow testing and expanding theoretical perspectives. We are interested in harnessing social computing for educational purposes, ...

Much effort has been devoted to assess the importance of nodes in complex biological networks (such as gene transcriptional regulatory networks, protein interaction networks, and neural networks). Examples of commonly used measures of node importance include node degree, node centrality, and node vulnerability score (the effect of the node deletion on the network efficiency). Here, we present a new approach to compute and investigate the mutual dependencies between network nodes from the matrices of node-node correlations. To this end, we first define the dependency of node i on node j (or the influence of node j on node i), D(i, j) as the average over all nodes k of the difference between the i − k correlation and the partial correlations between these nodes with respect to node j. Note that the dependencies, D(i, j) define a directed weighted matrix, since, in general, D(i, j) differs from D( j, i). For this reason, many of the commonly used measures of node importance, such as no...

The resource management system is the central component of distributed network computing systems. There have been many projects focused on network computing that have designed and implemented resource management systems with a variety of architectures and services. In this paper, an abstract model and a comprehensive taxonomy for describing resource management architectures is developed. The taxonomy is used to identify approaches followed in the implementation of existing resource management systems for very large‐scale network computing systems known as Grids. The taxonomy and the survey results are used to identify architectural approaches and issues that have not been fully explored in the research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

In this paper we discuss an application of network computing in the area of stochastic simulation. We focus on main programming issues associated with designing of the latest version of AKAROA2, a simulation package in which network computing is applied in a practical and user-friendly way. This implemention is based on Multiple Replications In Parallel (MRIP) scenario of distributed simulation, in which multiple computers of a network operate as concurrent simulation engines generating statistically equivalent simulation output data, and submitting them to global data analysers responsible for analysis of the final results and for stopping the simulation. The MRIP scenario can achieve speedup equal to the number of processors used. Keywords: distributed computing, distributed simulation, stochastic simulation