Orešac

The Slovenian abstract is followed by an English one.
(Izvleček) V letu 2017 bo veliko dela z urejanjem zbornika mednarodnega znanstvenega sestanka o latenizaciji na območju med jugovzhodnimi Alpami in hrvaško-srbskim Podonavjem, ki sva ga s prof. Karlom Stroblom iz Celovca priredila novembra 2012 v Kobaridu. Serena Vitri iz Trsta je zanj napisala članek o najmlajših grobovih grobišča Misincinis v Paularu, ki so zelo revni in večinoma vsebujejo najmlajše certoške fibule.
Moj članek o grobovih certoške stopnje v gomili 48 iz Stične je bil objavljen v reviji Prilozi Instituta za arheologiju u Zagrebu 33 za leto 2016. V njem je seznam ženskih in moških grobov te stopnje, na štirih tablah pa so predstavljene značilne najdbe (fibule, orožje, deli pasu, konjska oprema, obročast nakit, steklene in jantarne jagode, keramične in bronaste posode).
Za objavo v zborniku znanstvenega sestanka o Segestiki/Sisciji, ki je potekal septembra 2015 v Zagrebu, sem oddal članek o dačanskih brzdah iz pozne latenske in zgodnje cesarske dobe, ki so bile najdene v Kolpi v Sisku in v grobu konja, ki ga je pred letom 1904 pri Orešcu v dolini Drave izkopal župnik Stjepan Tompak.
Na mednarodnih sestankih sem imel tri predstavitve: aprila 2016 v Sarajevu o relativni kronologiji dolenjske halštatske skupine, maja 2016 v Trenčianskih Teplicah na Slovaškem o kovinskih najdbah iz naselja stopnje LT D1 pri Trenčianskih Bohuslavicah in oktobra 2016 v Forliju o grobnici etruščanskega princa in italski brzdi iz Stične ter o etruščanski bronasti skodeli iz Ljubljane.
Grob z negovsko čelado, ki je bil lani izkopan blizu Hrastnika, je vseboval tudi bogato okrašeno pasno spono z rebrom in dolgim kavljem, ki ima dve okrašeni primerjavi v Sloveniji (v Brezjah pri Trebelnem in v Ljubljanici) in tri neokrašene z najdišč v bližini Gardskega jezera v severni Italiji.
Na občasni razstavi Tolminskega muzeja Prapoti skozi praproti, ki je bila odprta 9. decembra 2016 (avtor Miha Mlinar), je predstavljen pomemben surovec iz žarnogrobiščne dobe. Leta 1964 sta ga na Kobilniku blizu Tolmina našla dva iskalca z detektorjem. Poklonjen je bil muzeju in inventariziran, potem pa dolgo let založen, dokler ni bil novembra 2016 ponovno odkrit.
Borut Bezjak s Trat blizu Šentilja je v začetku januarja letos na bregu Mure našel dva kosa železa. Ko sem 13. februarja s posredovanjem Saše Djure Jelenko iz Slovenj Gradca dobil 13 fotografij obeh kosov, se mi je posvetilo, da gre za dela izjemne poznolatenske brzde s podbradnico italskega izvora.
(Abstract)
Event: Research programme day at the Institute of Archaeology.
Presentation title: Early and Late Iron Age.
A lot of work will be devoted this year to the editing of the Acts of the International Scientific Conference on Latenization in the territory from the south-eastern Alps to the Croatian-Serbian Danube region, organized in November 2012 by Professor Karl Strobel in Klagenfurt and myself. Serena Vitri from Trieste has written a paper on the latest graves in the Hallstatt cemetery of Misincinis at Paularo in Carnia, which are quite modestly furnished and mostly contain the latest Certosa fibulae.
My paper on the graves of the Certosa phase in Early Iron Age barrow 48 from Stična was published in the journal Prilozi Instituta za arheologiju u Zagrebu 33 for 2016. The paper contains a list of the female and male graves of this phase and presents the typical finds on four plates (fibulae, weapons, belt parts, horse gear, annular jewellery, glass and amber beads, ceramic and bronze vessels).
For the Acts of the Conference on Segestica/Siscia, organized in September 2015 in Zagreb, I submitted a paper on Late La Tène and Early Imperial Dacian horse bits from the river Kupa in Sisak and from a horse grave excavated by parish priest Stjepan Tompak before 1904 near Orešac in the Drava Valley.
I gave three presentations at international conferences: in April 2016 in Sarajevo on the relative chronology of the Dolenjska Hallstatt group; in May 2016 in Trenčianske Teplice in Slovakia on some metal finds from the LT D1 settlement at Trenčianske Bohuslavice; and in October 2016 in Forli on the Etruscan princely grave and Italic horse bit from Stična, and also on an Etruscan bronze cup from Ljubljana.
The recently excavated grave with a Negova type helmet from the vicinity of Hrastnik in the Sava Valley also contained a richly decorated bronze belt plate that has two decorated parallels in Slovenia and three undecorated parallels in the surroundings of the Garda Lake in Northern Italy.
In the temporary exhibition Ancient Trails through Ferns in Tolminski muzej an important fragment of a bronze plano-convex ingot is displayed. It was found in 1964 by two metal detectorists on the Kobilnik hill near Tolmin, donated to the museum, misplaced, and on my initiative rediscovered in November 2016. 
Two iron objects were found in January 2017 in the river Mura by Borut Bezjak from Trate near Šentilj close to the Slovenian-Austrian border. On February 13 I obtained several photographs of them and discovered that they belong to an outstanding Italic curb bit from the Late La Tène period. 
The abstract was proof read by Nina Crummy from Colchester (UK).

This work contains an analysis of the fragments of Late Antique
glass bracelets found during cultivation of the gardens
around the houses of Petar Lukinić and Dinko Sušec. In the
relevant literature, the bracelet types discovered there have
been dated to the third to seventh centuries AD , which cannot,
however, be applied to Pannonia. Taking into consideration
the quantity of bracelets which appear at archaeological
sites, one is compelled to conclude that insufficient
attention has been accorded to this find type in previous
research. This work constitutes an attempt to contribute
to knowledge of this type of movable find and of Orešac in
Antiquity. There are two typologies for glass bracelets in
the literature; in this work M. Spaer’s typology will be applied.
According to previous knowledge, life proceeded in
Bolentio from the first to fourth centuries AD , and here the
hypothesis will be put forward that people continued to live
there even in the first half of the fifth century AD .

Two exceptional Dacian horse bits are exhibited in the City Museum of Sisak. The second one was found in the bed of the River Kupa as most likely was the first one. Both of them have an iron mouthpiece, but all the other components are made of copper alloy. Because of the typical mouthpieces, which are rather thick and have a square cross-section, and because of the barshaped cheek-pieces with two rectangular loops in the middle and enlarged ends (the first bit), and the wheel-shaped cheekpieces with three spikes on the inner side (the second bit) they undoubtedly belong to Dacian bits.
The earliest bits of this type are made of iron. They date to LT D1 and are known mostly from Roumania, and outside it at Mala Kopanja in the Ukraine and at Židovar in the Serbian part of Banat. The first of the two bits from Sisak presents a special form in the class of the Magdalensberg variant of Dacian bits. It might have been produced in the Augustan period. The second bit belongs to a new variant of Dacian bits, called “the Sisak variant”, and probably dates to the Early Imperial period. Two other Dacian bits, both of iron, are known in the territory of Croatia. They were found with a complete horse skeleton and 27 rare copper alloy yoke ornaments sometime before 1904 in the vicinity of Orešac near Virovitica in the Drava Valley and can be dated to LT D2.

You can read more on the two exceptional bridle bits of Dacian type, found in the bed of the Kupa river in Sisak and exhibited in the City Museum Sisak, in my texts 003_A well preserved bridle bit of Dacian type from Sisak (https://www.academia.edu/15358675) and 004_A bit of Magdalensberg variant of Dacian bits from Sisak (https://www.academia.edu/15383924)!
I have looked in my diary and found out that my first visit of Sisak hadn’t happened in 2003, as said by me in the lecture, but two years earlier, on Thursday, November 22, 2001. Mitja Guštin as a driver, Janka Istenič, Andrej Gaspari and me left Ljubljana in one car at 6 AM. In the City Museum Sisak (Gradski muzej Sisak, Ulica kralja Tomislava 10) we were accepted by the curators Zdenko Burkowsky and Zoran Wiewegh.
We have taken a look at the permanent exhibition displaying several very interesting objects (e. g. bridle bits and bronze vessels), two temporary exhibitions (on the coins through the centuries and on the fishing) and the locksmith’s workshop, in which from 1907 to 1910 was working my godfather Josip Broz Tito. We exchanged some literature, examined a lot of metal small finds and visited the museum depositary.
After that we have made a walk through the archaeological park (Roman period horreum and city walls with a corner tower) and drove to the old castle (Stari grad Sisak) at the confluence of the Kupa and Sava rivers as well as to the so-called Bitroff house, in which foundations Roman sarcophagi were built in (Lađarska ulica on the right bank of the Kupa river near a nice bridge).