Panopticism

A nova ordem imperial e a abolição das prisões Resumo: Como Maquiavel tornou a arte de fazer política numa ciência, assim, Bentham, à sua maneira, procurou fazer o mesmo com a arte de mobilizar força de trabalho voluntária. O Panóptico representa o essencial da nova ordem imperial que levou a Inglaterra a ser a potência dominante por mais de um século: o assalariamento em massa. Foi concedida aos trabalhadores a liberdade de contribuírem para a missão imperial de explorar a Terra, dispondo voluntariamente, apenas com uma alternativa, a sua força trabalho ao serviço das elites. A única alternativa é a exclusão punitiva da sociedade, a privação da liberdade, por vagabundagem, amotinamento, uso de drogas ou outro pretexto qualquer. O Panóptico serve de modelo mental e arquitectónico para orientar trabalhadores, estudantes, militares, prisioneiros, capatazes, professores, oficiais, guardas sobre como incorporar as disposições voluntaristas modernas numa sociedade de classes ao serviço da missão imperial moderna. O Panóptico foi modelo de algumas penitenciárias novecentistas e é modelo do crédito social em uso na China na era da plataformização do trabalho. Quando a organização do trabalho e as restrições às liberdades civis forem plenamente condicionadas automaticamente ao comportamento objectivamente medido de todas e cada uma das pessoas assim autoresponsabilizadas, as penitenciárias poderão deixar de ser úteis.

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of surveillance in James Ponsoldt's The Circle (2017). The movie explores the transition of people turning into puppets in a panoptic society. Prior research focuses on the thoughts and concerns of people regarding all time surveillance, and how they are hesitant protesting about it. In addition, the findings of the literature review include various types of surveillance technology, methods, government contracts with private companies which can be connected with the concept of a panoptic society. Foucault's view of panopticism is used to study the vast effect of surveillance on people. Through this research, people who are not aware of surveillance will be able to understand the true depth of this situation. Moreover, if more people start becoming aware of the situation, there might be a change in the future. Hence, this research will help us understand the major impact of surveillance in our everyday life, as it highlights how our life is being controlled by panopticism in James Ponsoldt's The Circle (2017).

Figure 2. Cartoon of transport modes. Structural beams are shown in gray and square to differentiate them from black circular rollers (although they would have been round in practice). See text for details. glacial erratics left nearby on the Salisbury plain. Pyramids aside, it seems possible that the Rapanui moved more fragile carved monoliths farther over land, with fewer human resources, than any other megalithic society, and they might have developed transport techniques which are not found elsewhere. It may not be necessary to constrain our hypotheses about moai transport to methods known from other cultures: perhaps we should not immediately dismiss rollers or other unique approaches.

This writing aimed to identify panopticism of normal body discourse to advertisement audiences. In addition, this study also aimed to identify the truth game of the normal body discourse in the media. There are some key concepts used as frameworks, particularly Michel Foucault’s panopticism, discipline of bodies, power relations and discourse relations. It also used a framework of advertisement in critical perspectives and the philosophy of bodies to enrich the analysis. The paradigm of this writing was critical constructionism. This was a descriptive qualitative research and the data collection techniques were depth interviews with obese women based on BMI standards. This study identified Patriarchy Panopticism, a game of truth of normal body discourse, and the discourse of normal healthy body in media, especially in advertisement as the results. Patriarchy panopticism occurs when discourse and discipline resides invisibly, without coercion and productively maintain the discourse t...

Historically, libraries, archives, and museums—or LAM institutions—have been complicit in enacting state power by surveilling and policing communities. This article broadens previous scholars’ critiques about individual institutions to LAM institutions writ large, drawing connections between these sites and ongoing racist, classist, and oppressive designs. We do so by dialing in on the ethical premise that justifies panoptic systems, utilitarianism, and how the glorification of pragmatism reifies systems of control and oppression. First, we revisit LIS applications of Benthamian and Foucauldian ideas of panoptic power to examine the role of LAM institutions as sites of social enmity. We then describe examples of surveillance and state power as they manifest in contemporary data infrastructure and information practices, showing how LAM institutional fixations with utilitarianism reify the U.S. carceral state through norms such as the aggregation and weaponization of user data and the...

Видимость социальных акторов в цифровом публичном пространстве современного города – сложное многоаспектное явление, эффекты которого предопределяются продолжающейся медиатизацией. Устраняя пространственные и временные границы видимости всего, что доступно человеческому восприятию, медиатизация оказывает значительное влияние на конфигурацию видимости в публичном пространстве. Проблема видимости социальных акторов заключается в противоречиях между возможностями и ограничениями, которые она для них создает. С одной стороны, видимость оборачивается подконтрольностью и необходимостью действовать в определенных рамках, с другой стороны, видимость – это инструмент воздействия на публику посредством управления ее вниманием. Видимость индивида в цифровом публичном пространстве современного города может быть концептуализирована с помощью идей цифрового паноптизма, суперпаноптизма, синоптизма и омниоптизма. Она зависит как от его собственных действий, так и от внешних условий, включая политику цифровых платформ, которые при помощи систем фильтрации могут отдавать предпочтение определенным типам контента или пользователям.

Foucault explores the birth of prisons based on the idea of panopticism which is the perception that one is always under surveillance, whether real or imagined. In a bid for panopticism to work, individuals must develop the feeling that they are being watched. Foucault therefore explores the panopticon as a preemption to the modern prison but in this critical analysis, there is a deeper meaning to the panopticon, and this is power.

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the legal aspects of the use of new technologies. Accelerating the progress of civilization through the rapid development of technology is a challenge for both the legislator and entities who, when applying the law, interpret imperfect regulations or have to deal with the lack of regulations on a daily basis. In this publication, the author discusses legal aspects related to the development and implementation of new technologies and answers the question whether the applicable regulations combine the intentions of the creators of the regulations with social and economic needs. Introduction: The essence of all development is the improvement and expansion of human and technological capabilities and potential. Civilizational development is a system of interconnected vessels based on mutual social, cultural and technological interdependencies, and all these spheres of public life are inextricably linked with legal regulations. Without elementary knowledge of regulations, it would be difficult to make rational decisions regarding everyday life, therefore legal standards should include solutions adequate to the needs of citizens and the economy. In case of new technologies, which are subject to continuous and dynamic changes, the traditional norm-setting model known as hard law does not fully achieve its goals, and what is more, the applicable law does not keep up with the development of new technologies. Methodology: The article describes the current state of knowledge in the field of selected aspects of new technology law. The work uses theoretical research methods, including the analysis of applicable regulations and the literature and views of the doctrine, as well as the results of the research work of the author of the publication. Conclusions: Current legal regulations do not keep up with new technologies. The legislative process itself is complicated and very long. The introduction of new regulations and legislative changes requires, among others, inter-ministerial and social arrangements, work in Sejm and Senate committees, voting in Parliament, and finally the signature of the President of the Republic of Poland. The above-mentioned legal activities take time, and new technologies mean variability and dynamism-a constant fight against time. The development of technology is certainly a new challenge for legislators, for whom cooperation with the scientific community and representatives of various technological industries is an opportunity to create regulations that support rather than limit the development of 21st century technologies. Keywords: law of new technologies, technological revolution, security, implementation of innovations Type of article: review article__________Cel: Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie aspektów prawnych stosowania nowych technologii. Ich szybki rozwój, wynikający z dynamicznego postępu cywilizacyjnego, stanowi wyzwanie zarówno dla prawodawców, jak i podmiotów, które interpretują niedoskonałe przepisy lub na co dzień muszą sobie radzić
z brakiem regulacji. W niniejszej publikacji omówiono aspekty prawne związane z rozwojem i wdrażaniem nowych technologii oraz udzielono odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy obowiązujące przepisy łączą intencje twórców przepisów z potrzebami społecznymi i gospodarczymi. Procesem badawczym objęto również kwestie dotyczące przeszkód prawnych we wdrażaniu innowacji. Wprowadzenie: Istotą wszelkiego rozwoju jest ulepszanie i rozszerzanie możliwości oraz potencjału ludzkiego i technologicznego. Rozwój cywilizacyjny to system naczyń połączonych, opartych na wzajemnych zależnościach społecznych, kulturowych i technologicznych, przy czym wszystkie te sfery życia publicznego są nierozerwalnie związane z regulacjami prawnymi. Bez elementarnej znajomości przepisów trudno byłoby podejmować racjonalne decyzje dotyczące życia codziennego, dlatego też normy prawne powinny zawierać rozwiązania adekwatne do potrzeb obywateli i gospodarki. W przypadku nowych technologii, które podlegają ciągłym i dynamicznym zmianom, tradycyjny model normotwórczy nie realizuje w pełni swoich celów, co więcej – obowiązujące prawo nie nadąża za rozwojem nowych technologii. Metodologia: Artykuł opisuje aktualny stan wiedzy w zakresie wybranych aspektów prawa nowych technologii. W pracy wykorzystano teoretyczne metody badawcze, w tym analizę obowiązujących przepisów oraz literatury i poglądów doktryny, a także wyniki pracy badawczej autorki publikacji. Wnioski: Obowiązujące regulacje prawne nie nadążają za nowymi technologiami. Już sam proces ustawodawczy jest skomplikowany i bardzo długi. Wprowadzenie nowych przepisów oraz zmian legislacyjnych wymaga m.in. uzgodnień międzyresortowych i społecznych, prac w komisjach sejmowych i senackich, głosowania w Parlamencie, a finalnie podpisu Prezydenta RP. Wymienione wyżej działania prawne są czasochłonne, a nowe technologie to
przecież zmienność i dynamizm, ciągła walka z czasem. Rozwój technologii stanowi z pewnością nowe wyzwanie dla legislatorów, dla których współpraca ze środowiskami naukowymi oraz przedstawicielami różnych branż technologicznych stanowi szansę na stworzenie przepisów wspierających, a nie ograniczających rozwój technologii XXI wieku.
Słowa kluczowe: prawo nowych technologii, rewolucja technologiczna, bezpieczeństwo, wdrażanie innowacji Typ artykułu: artykuł przeglądowy

This paper shows that current practices of technological surveillance, aimed at optimal, if not total control of people, may be shown to have a long history, as uncovered by Michel Foucault in his genealogical study, Discipline and Punish (1995). Foucault demonstrates that, in contrast with premodern, spectacular modes of punishment, the 'gentle' form of punishment, namely incarceration, is characteristic of modernity. He also shows that it has to be seen in conjunction with many other 'micro-practices' which, together, constituted modern subjects as 'docile bodies', which were 'economically productive but politically impotent'. Central to this modern reduction was the panopticon, or optimal-visibility prison designed by Bentham, which may be regarded as paradigmatic of what was to become a society marked by panopticism. According to Foucault the three mechanisms of 'discipline', which went hand-in-hand with the growth of panopticism, were 'hierarchical observation', 'normalising judgement' and 'the examination' in which the previous two were combined. Attention is also given to Foucault's idea of 'transgressive enlightenment', which, unlike Kantian, universal-oriented enlightenment, focuses on the contingent particulars of one's existence, with a view to ascertaining whether these conditions, which are not marked by necessity (as one is often taught), are such that one still wants to be determined by them. And if not, given their contingence, one has every right to free oneself from them. The present attempt to justify contingent measures of surveillance and social control - initiated during the so-called Covid-'pandemic' - as something that should become 'normal' ways of living, should be rejected, because these are precisely the kind of contingencies that people should be encouraged to liberate themselves from.

The current study aims to address the metaphor of Digital Panopticism in contemporary society, where digital surveillance has become intrinsic to individuals' lives. By incorporating Jeremy Bentham's Panopticon concept and Michel Foucault's ideas, this paper seeks to explore power and surveillance within digital networks, integrating the theories of Byung-Chul Han to provide a more comprehensive perspective.

This report contains a keyed photographic survey of the Hanga Ho’Onu area of Rapa Nui National Park on Easter Island.  Included are aerial, panoramic and detailed photographs of the following features:

Ahu Heki’i
Ahu Atua Roa
Ahu Atua
Ahu He’tuu
Ahu Ariki & Tupa Heriro
Ahu Ra’ai & Tupa Tangaroa

Also included is a detailed Human Activity Key of Ahu Ra’ai.

This report was created using drawings and photographs from a 2013 Earthwatch expedition given to Corporacion Nacional Forestal de Chile (CONAF), the entity that manages the Rapa Nui National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site.  Now, many years later, with free time as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, the author has compiled the information into this report in hopes of enhancing ease of access and distribution of the material by CONAF.

Frantz Fanon’s powerful conception of racial anticolonialism occurs in the shadow of his vexed treatment of homosexuality. This essay considers the traffic between Fanon’s anticoloniality and the recalcitrance of queer transnational writers to argue that sexuality obtains a political force in their fiction through specific citational practices. It explores how fabulation and farce enable a citational queer of color aesthetics that circulates around, unsettles, and adapts Fanon’s historical signatures. The essay ultimately traces a sphere of influence between literature and political culture that makes sexual politics the ground zero for statist decolonization and yet also always a sign of more radical possibility.

The aim of this article is to analyze the prison reform projects of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and the Kingdom of Poland in the context of the global prison modernization trend of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The article identifies the sources of Julian Niemcewicz's The Notes on the New System of Prisons Initiated in the United States of America, Arrangement of National Prisons, Project of a General and Particular Improvement of the Administration and Condition of State Prisons in the Kingdom of Poland. The extent how the English carceral model, American, Prussian, and Austrian prison doctrines and practices were influenced by their main provisions has been established.

This article focuses on the work of Sherry Turkle in relation to the tension between privacy as a democratic value, and the increasing loss of privacy through unrestrained  and unregulated surveillance. It is pointed out that, while Turkle is very aware of the crucial place of privacy as a democratic principle, as she demonstrates, even in 2011 most 'webbies' had already accepted that it was what they regarded as being inescapable, and argued that, as long as one was 'good' on the internet, everything would be 'fine'. Here it is argued, with reference to salient examples, that the present era of the so-called 'pandemic' has already shown that it is decidedly NOT 'fine'. On the contrary.

“Stalking” as a form of “interpersonal panopticism” – A different approach of the transforming “surveillance society” in the light of “virtual Criminology” and “e-Victimology”, in: Essays in Honour of Professor Nestor Courakis (vol. II), “Europe in Crisis: Crime, Criminal Justice and the way forward”, Ant. Sakkoulas Publ., Vol. II, 2017, pp. 755 - 788.
[in English]

The UK is one of the most surveilled societies in the World. CCTV systems prevail in both private and public space. Since 2000, a Code of Practice has required that signage is clearly deployed to advise of the existence of those systems wherever they are in use. Throughout 2002, examples of that signage were captured photographically, culminating in an exhibition of this material in October of that year. While arguing that the signage works closely in conjunction with the technological systems to which it refers, this paper focuses on this textual superstructure, using a Foucauldian approach as a means of shaping the discussion. It concludes that the signage itself has a number of possible effects. Most significantly, it argues that these texts, outwith the technological structures to which they refer, actively and substantially facilitate the 'automatic functioning of power'.

Neste artigo, temos por objetivo analisar alguns dos desafios atuais colocados pelas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), quanto às questões de privacidade e autonomia no que concerne ao controle de dados pessoais, através de recursos de Big Data. Nossa análise se restringe aos dados pessoais que identificam ou que podem identificar uma pessoa, de modo a colocar em xeque sua privacidade e autonomia. Inspirados em hipóteses elaboradas por John Stuart Mill sobre a influência que a sociedade exerce sobre os indivíduos, argumentamos que há que se proteger a independência individual em face de práticas impositivas, e por vezes irracionais, que a opinião coletiva pode exercer sobre os indivíduos. Uma dificuldade sugerida por Mill estaria em se identificar, na prática, o limite entre a autonomia da pessoa e o controle social. Argumentamos que, ainda que em contextos distintos, essa dificuldade não só persiste na Sociedade da Informação contemporânea como se mostra premente com o ...

The lockdowns imposed by most governments during the Covid-19 pandemic have resulted in an unprecedented increase in teleworking. This spike in remote work has generally been greeted with enthusiasm by both academic and non-academic commentators and there is now a widely shared view that employers should be encouraged to retain and enhance the teleworking arrangements in the post-pandemic period. This paper examines the spread and normalization of telework during the pandemic with reference to the growth of the 24/7 work culture and the blurring of boundaries between work and private lives that have been developing in the last two decades or so. It is argued that the rise in remote work during the crisis is contributing to the movement towards 24/7 work and to the collapse of the boundary between professional and private life, particularly as a result of remote employee surveillance that comes with telework. It also results in a new form of alienation-the alienation of workers from their private homes.

Jeremy Bentham's panopticon prison project was based on three central assumptions: the omnipresence of the "watcher"; the universal visibility of objects of surveillance; and the assumption, by the "watched," that they are under constant observation. While the metaphor of the panopticon, following Michel Foucault's work, was often applied to workplace and workplace surveillance to highlight the "disciplining" power of the supervisor's "gaze," this paper argues that it is only with the recent advent of digital employee monitoring technology that the workplace is becoming truly "panoptic." With modern electronic means of surveillance, the supervisor is always "looking"-even when not physically present or not actually watching employees-as all worker actions and movements may now be recorded and analyzed (in real time or at any time in the future). This paper argues that the modern workplace approximates Bentham's panoptic prison much more than the "traditional" workplace ever did and examines the implications of this fundamental historical change in the paradigm of employee monitoring for power relations in the modern workplace.

W drugiej połowie każdego roku publikowane są cztery rodzaje informacji obrazujących skalę inwigilacji w Polsce w roku poprzednim. Warto przyjrzeć się statystykom dotyczącym bilingów, podsłuchów, kontroli korespondencji i danych użytkowników, którymi w 2022 r. interesowały się polskie instytucje bezpieczeństwa. Jak zawsze w przypadku prowadzonych przez nie niejawnych działań, informacje są skąpe, a w ślad za każdą niepełną odpowiedzią podąża szereg pytań i wątpliwości.

The paper aims to explore the historical aspects of the novel The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro. The novel deals with six days motoring trip in the life of the protagonist Mr. Stevens, an English butler from Darlington Hall, England to Cornwall for business purposes in 1956. The study traces how the physical journey leads him to recognize his past issues through a mental journey of a loyal butler. This helps him to identify his true self. The remembrance of his personal history, loss, historical events, places, historical figures, and political situation in Europe shape his existence. The novel & historical background is First World War and Second World War, which play a major role in this novel. The paper explains the problem statements as how Kazuo Ishiguro mentions the intermixing of Steven's personal and historical incidents in the novel. It analyses how strong emotion of suppression, suffering, regrets, and pain leads the protagonist to the emotionless condition in his life. The aim of the paper is to bring out the historical traces of the Nazi party, the Treaty of Versailles, the Hayes Society-an elite society of butlers in the 1920s and 1930s and the Suez Canal crisis in the novel. The paper also suggests ideas and the scope of further research.

La diversidad sexual y de género es una dimensión que tiende a influir en todas las esferas en la vida de las personas: condicionando el acceso a la salud, amenazando la permanencia en el sistema educativo, dificultando el acceso al trabajo. En torno a este último punto, las investigaciones que analizan los modos en que la diversidad sexual y de género transita los espacios laborales ha tendido a centrarse en espacios formalizados, como grandes empresas y empleo en el sector público. Sin embargo, y por particularidades propias de esta población, existen otras inserciones ocupacionales posibles ligadas a las actividades artísticas y culturales o a formas cooperativas de organización del trabajo. El objetivo de esta ponencia, por lo tanto, es analizar esas otras formas de inserción laboral de la población de la diversidad sexual y de género: como artistas independientes o en compañías colectivas autogestionadas, en centros culturales, en cooperativas artísticas o textiles, entre otras. La hipótesis que estructura la ponencia es que esta población encuentra en formas de trabajo menos formalizadas otros modos de desarrollarse profesionalmente en tanto propone otros incentivos para ingresar y permanecer en estas ocupaciones. El trabajo se basa en una primera aproximación a este fenómeno a partir de entrevistas en profundidad con referentes clave en materia de trabajo y diversidad sexual y de género en el mundo artístico y cooperativo. Se enmarca en un proyecto de investigación más grande, actualmente en curso (PICTO-2022-GÉNERO-00021 "Relevamiento nacional de condiciones de vida de la diversidad sexual y genérica"), que a través de diferentes líneas de acción busca estudiar las condiciones de vida de esta población específica.

Sistemet totalitare janë shoqëri të ngritura nën abuzimin e kontrollit, dhunës, manipulimit, propagandës dhe terrorit. Nevoja kryesore është përçarja e shoqërisë dhe ndërtimi i një kulti të sistemit, duke e tjetërsuar individin atë në një subjekt. Nevoja që subjektet t'i kthehen kundër njëri-tjetrit është një domosdoshmëri, e cila sjell më pas pranimin e pakundërshtueshëm të gjithçkaje që vjen nga lartë poshtë. Në dy romanet do të shohim që ndërtimet e modelit totalitar shkojnë deri në kapje të parësisë metafizike. Personazhi kadarean është një dikush më shumë në shoqërinë totalitare, ai nuk ka trajtë individuale. Kadare ndërton kështu, nëpërmjet këtyre dy veprave, një tablo të një shoqërie tipike totalitare, totalisht të nënshtruar dhe e paaftë të jetojë apo të konceptojë një sistem tjetër, qoftë ai qeverisës, qoftë ai vlerash. Hulumtimi jonë do të jetë në nivelin krahasues, interpretativ dhe strukturor, duke u mbështetur në studimet mbi sistemin totalitar të Foucault, Arendt, Žižek dhe Althusser.

Frantz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth offers a strong intellectual framework established on the author’s medical and social experiences to overthrow colonial rule. Specifically, the text is Frantz Fanon’s interpretation of the mechanisms of colonialism and of revolution from the perspective of the Algerian struggle to get rid of French colonial rule. Out of the five chapters of the book, the first one, “On Violence,” where Fanon supports violence as a requisite weapon to bring down colonial rule towards national liberation and the reinstallation of humanity in the colonized world, is the one often “misunderstood and misrepresented” (Brydon). This paper, by presenting a critique of works such as Hannah Arendt’s views on violence, argues that Fanon’s concept of violence has to be engaged with and understood within the context in which Fanon has framed it, particularly the Algerian struggle.

Violations of privacy in political and social relations, such as interfering in private life, the sharing of private information, and unauthorized access to private space, are widespread in Azerbaijan. In political relations, some of these tactics were employed by the government in March 2021 against five female citizens. In the article, I will criticize the patriarchal and panoptic state from three aspects, referring to these privacy violation cases as the 4+1 March Incidents.

The archaeology of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) has received a tremendous amount of attention in the last century. Researchers have traveled from all comers of the Earth to this miniscule island to solve the mysteries of the Center of the World. But this article is not about those people, nor is it about the mysteries. This report, rather, is about a special group of high school students in Rapa Nui eager to play an active role determining the future of their own cultural heritage. And we might argue that the work of these students may be more important than those popular and dramatic explanations of the island's prehistory.</p

Between 1930 and 1970, Latin American governments assumed the challenge of providing housing for the poor according to international development agendas which informed national plans to eradicate so-called slums. The Unidad Vecinal became the urban model most widely used to provide housing for a working class that never materialized fully in Latin America.

The purpose of this urban model was not only to reduce housing deficits, or to improve the living conditions of the urban poor, but also to absorb new urban residents into the dominant socio-economic system. Architects, planners, and government officials promoted a narrative in which the worker was a generic individual with no ethno-national origin. At the same time, an identity was created for women as housewives, while housing policy, if financing and design imposed the notion of the nuclear family. Thus, as Terry indicates, the Unidad Vecinal emerges as both a homogenizing tool and a disciplinary device: it converts members of a heterogeneous society into modern urban residents.

This roundtable adds to existing scholarship on the Unidad Vecinal by discussing the intersection amongst architecture, class, gender, and race in Latin American modern housing. Did a working class exist? Were there gender considerations in either housing policy of design process at the time? How did planner and architects engaged, or ignore, ethno-racial differences? These are only a few of the questions this roundtable will address.

Moderator:
Felipe Hernandez, University of Cambridge, UK

Speakers:
Flavia Britto Do Nascimento, Universidade de São Paulo FAUUSP, Brazil
Adriana Massidda, University of Sheffield, UK
Penélope Plaza, University of Reading, UK
Umberto Bonomo, Universidad Católica de Chile
Liliana Clavijo, Universidad del Valle, Columbia, and University of Michigan, USA

Michel Foucault  projeta-se a uma genealogia da “punição” em sua obra Vigiar e Punir, com isso, na obra citada, ele trabalha a noção de “dispositivo”, precisamente, um dispositivo impositivo pelo jogo do olhar, ou seja, um artifício onde as técnicas que permitem ver construam efeitos de poder e, em troca, os meios de coibição se tornem claramente visíveis aqueles a quem se aplicam.

This article revisits Foucault's concept of panopticism as in pertains to research on the new surveillance. Drawing on the work of neo-Foucauldian authors in surveillance studies the paper shows how the figures of the supervisor and inmate within the Foucauldian diagram suggest different directions for pursuing surveillance theory. On the one hand, there is a concern with processes of subjection and normalization that arise through the internalization of the gaze, while on the other there is a concern with processes of administration, social sorting and simulation that occur independently of embodied subjects. Foucault's model both allows for these twin concerns within the context of the new surveillance while serving as a source of further insight into the empirical nuances of contemporary surveillance relations.