Peternakan

This study was conducted to evaluate the meat characteristic of crossbred local chicken fed diet containing both dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and probiotic Lactobacillus sp. The experimental animals were 168 crossbred local chickens which were randomly divided into 6 groups of treatment (4 replications each) when they were 21-d old. A completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial pattern consisted of 2 levels of prebiotic [(0.8% (D1) and 1.2% (D2)] and 3 levels of probiotic [without probiotic (L0), 1.2 mL (L1), and 2.4 mL (L2)] was arranged in the present study. One mL probiotic (Lactobacillus sp.) was equal to 10 8 cfu. Results showed that the supplementation of prebiotic and pro-biotic significantly (P<0.05) affected breast meat color in terms of L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness). The meat fat mass and cholesterol was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by the combination of pre-biotic and probiotic. The hardness of meat was not affected significantly by all treatments. The conclusion is that breast meat color could be improved, and both meat fat mass and cholesterol content could be decreased by feeding a combination of 1.2% dahlia tuber powder as inulin source and 1.2 mL probiotic Lactobacillus sp. ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik daging ayam lokal persilang-an yang diberi ransum mengandung kombinasi prebiotik inulin dari umbi dahlia dan probiotik Lactobacillus sp. Penelitian menggunakan 168 ekor ayam lokal persilangan umur 21 hari yang secara acak ditempatkan pada 6 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2 x 3 diterapkan pada penelitian ini. Penambahan prebiotik sebanyak 0,8% (D1) dan 1,2% (D2) sebagai faktor pertama, dan penambahan probiotik yaitu tanpa probiotik (L0), probiotik 1,2 mL (L1), dan 2,4 mL (L2) sebagai faktor kedua. Satu mililiter probiotik (Lactobacillus sp.) setara dengan 10 8 cfu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan prebiotik dan probiotik pada ransum nyata (P<0,05) mempengaruhi warna daging dada berdasarkan L* (tingkat kecerahan) dan b* (tingkat kekuningan). Massa lemak dan kolesterol nyata (P<0,05) menurun akibat penambahan prebiotik dan probiotik. Kekerasan daging tidak nyata dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa 1,2% prebiotik dan probiotik 1,2 mL (10 8 cfu/mL) adalah kombinasi yang paling optimum berdasarkan perbaikan warna daging dada dan penurunan massa lemak dan kolesterol daging. Kata kunci: prebiotik inulin, probiotik Lactobacillus sp., karakteristik daging, ayam lokal persilangan

The objectives of this study were to evaluate polymorphism of microsatellite DNA through the investigation of microsatellite loci of CSSM18, ILST54 and IDVGA30 and its possible association with body weight of local sheeps. A total of 266 head of DNA ...

A research was conducted to study the effectivity of Test Day records using a Fixed Regression model for genetic evaluation of dairy cattle. The data were collected from first and second lactations of Frisian Holstein dairy cattle from 1989 to 2000 at PT Taurus Dairy Farm Sukabumi. A total of 7503 Test Day records recorded from 456 cows, 40 sires and 342 dams were collected. Variance components were estimated using the animal model with REML and Breeding Values were predicted using BLUP. The results showed that the peak of lactation was reached on day 35. Season was not clearly affecting Test Day. The genetic variance decreased along with the addition of the Test Day in 2 nd lactation up to test 3, and then decreased gradually up to the end of test. The estimation of heritability followed the same patern as the genetic variance. Genetic evaluation based on first lactation plus the first test and second lactation was sufficient for the evaluation of animals, while bulls should be prolonged up to the first three tests. Sari Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivitas catatan Test Day dengan model regresi tetap untuk evaluasi genetik produksi susu pada sapi perah berdasarkan laktasi satu dan dua. Data produksi susu berasaldari sapi perah Frisian Holstein periode laktasi satu dan dua dari tahun 1989-2000 di PT. Taurus Dairy Farm Sukabumi. Catatan Test Day sebanyak 7503 buah berasal dari 456 ekor sapi betina, 40 pejantan dan 342 ekor induk. Model yang digunakan adalah Model Regresi Tetap, varian komponen diduga dengan Animal Model dengan Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) dan Nilai Pemuliaan dengan Best Linier Unbiased Prediction (BLUP). Hasil analisis menunjukan hasil test ke-35 (TD2) merupakan puncak produksi. Pengaruh musim terhadap produksi susu Test Day mempunyai pola yang kurang jelas. Ragam genetik aditif pada laktasi dua menurun sejalan dengan penambahan catatan Test Day sampai dengan Test Day ke-3, setelah itu meningkat sampai akhir laktasi. Dugaan nilai heritabilitas mengikuti pola yang sama dengan ragam genetik. Evaluasi genetik berdasarkan laktasi satu penuh yang ditambah dengan satu catatan Test Day pada laktasi dua sudah cukup untuk mengevaluasi seluruh ternak, sedangkan untuk mengevaluasi pejantan, evaluasi harus diperpanjang sampai tiga catatan Test Day pada laktasi dua.

Puji dan syukur penulis ucapkan kehadirat Allh SWT yang telah
melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-Nya kepada penulis, sehingga penulis dapat
menyelesaikan pembuatan Laporan Semester Pratikumn Biologi.
Penulis menyadari bahwa laporan ini jauh dari kata sempurna dan masih
terdapat banyak kesalahan. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran
yang bersifat membangun agar laporan ini dapat lebih baik lagi dari sebelumnya.
Pada kesempatan ini, saya mengucapkan terimah kasih kepada Asisten
Dosen Biologi selaku pembimbing utama dalam pratikum ini. Demikian laporan ini
penulis berharap agar bermanfaat bagi kita semua dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

Broiler agribusiness is currently leading to consolidation of farmers and broiler industries with a contract farming partnership. The broiler industry that implements cooperation between plasma/farmers and the nucleus/large integrator has yet improve the welfare of small-scale farmers. In fact, farmers are more accepting risks than getting profits and so that it is not accordance with the principles of partnership and empowerment. Basically, farmers need the commitment of stakeholders to support their empowerment. The method to encourage strengthening of stakeholder's commitments starting from: (a) The Government or stakeholders initiating meetings between farmers and local integrator to discuss evaluating the implementation of contract farming partnership; (b) The government monitors the local integrator to make a fair cooperation contract or memorandum of understanding; (c) Periodic monitoring of contract farming partnership agreements, such as procurement of inputs, management and outputs; (d) Implementing integrated assistance where stakeholders are involved.

This research aims to describe the level of competence of farmers in composting, and to draft extension and try out the implementation of counseling about composting in group of livestock of Mekar. The research was conducted in sub-district Dagangan of Madiun Regency. Selection of livestock group is done by purposive that is the only group of livestock that have made compost that is group of livestock of Mekar which is located in Kepet village. The research method used is case study with quantitative descriptive approach with scoring. The population is 44 people, the sample is based on the census. The results showed that: 1) the level of competence of farmers in composting is classified with the details of the competence of the preparation stage is low, the competence of the manufacturing process is low, and the competence of the storage stage is classified; and 2) drafting the extension plan based on the target and the purpose of extension so that the breeder know, understand and able to increase the C-Organic content and C / N Ratio on the compost according to the standard. Success shows the improvement of compost quality before and after counseling in accordance with the purpose of counseling.

Reproductive hormones are often used in the animal production, including in rabbits to increase the rate of production, e.g. in the AI practices. Rabbit is prolific animal, yet their reproductive rate in Indonesia is slow. A preliminary study on reproductive performance of rabbits with or without injection of hCG was carried out at Balai Penelitian Ternak, Ciawi-Bogor in 2014. Five breeds of rabbits, i.e. Rex, Reza, Hybrid NZW Hyla and Hycole and NZWxLocal cross were treated with or without injection of 0.2 cc of hCG. Each treatment, depended on the breed, consisted of 15 – 57 individual replication. A randomized complete blok design was applied with SPSS IBM 20. Measurement were made on changes of bodyweight of does and kits, receptivity and conception rate of the does, gestation period, litter size (LS) at birth, 21 days and 35 days, stilbirth and kit mortalities during lactation. Results indicated that the use of hormones significantly increased the oestrus rate (61-86% vs 26-29 %), receptivity and conception rate (48-56 % vs 17-36 %) in all treated breeds although the rate is was different between breeds. The use of hormones also increased litter size at birth of Rex (7.0 vs 5.8), Reza (6.8 vs 5.8) and Hycole (8.2 vs 5.8). Interesting to note that NZW x Local cross produced a rather high LS at birth, 8.9 ± 2.2 kits alive. Gestation perod was not different among treatments, ranged from 31.4 – 32.5 days.

Hemolisis adalah pecahnya membrane eritrosit sehingga hemoglobin bebas ke dalam medium sekelilingnya. Kerusakan membran eritrosit dapat disebabkan oleh antara lain Pemberian larutan hipotonis dalam darah, penurunan tekanan permukaan membran eritrosit, zat atau unsur kimia tertentu, pemanasan dan pendinginan, rapuh karena ketuaan dalam sirkulasi darah dan lain-lain.