Abstract The plant microbial fuel cell (P-MFC) is a novel bioelectrochemical device that is commonly used in highly water-saturated ecosystems to produce sustainable energy. However, the use of this system in arid or semi-arid areas has... more
Abstract The plant microbial fuel cell (P-MFC) is a novel bioelectrochemical device that is commonly used in highly water-saturated ecosystems to produce sustainable energy. However, the use of this system in arid or semi-arid areas has been less well explored to date. This would involve, the use of plants such as prickly pear, which adapts to these adverse conditions and could be an alternative to expand the application of P-MFC. The objective of this research is to use four Opuntia species (succulent plants) for the generation of sustainable electricity via plant-based biobattery design, under open environment and unsaturated water conditions. A Novel vertically integrated plug-in ceramic stick based P-MFCs was constructed, this could reduce the usage of the top-soil surface and aid the possible potential of scale-up design. For a long operating time (30 days), the results showed an average power density of 103.6 mW m−3 with reactors using Opuntia albicarpa, followed by Opuntia ficus-indica (10.63 mW m−3) > Opuntia robusta (7.46 mW m−3) > Opuntia joconostle (0.46 mW m−3), with 1000 Ohms resistance. Higher total electricity production of 285.12 J was achieved in Opuntia albicarpa over four weeks. In addition, the energy generation of 3.66 Wh m−2 was achieved in this study. Notably, Opuntia ficus-indica and Opuntia albicarpa species showed a significant height in the first two months (P-value
PMFCs. This review also covered various factors like light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration in air, type of plant used, microbial flora in rhizosphere and also electrode material used which influence the efficiency of PMFC.... more
PMFCs. This review also covered various factors like light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration in air, type of plant used, microbial flora in rhizosphere and also electrode material used which influence the efficiency of PMFC. Finally, this review comprehensively revealed the possibility of future intervention, such as application of biochar and preferable plants species which improve the performance of PMFC along with their opportunities challenges and prospects.
– Sustainability of water and energy is a major problem that is getting more attention because it is very closely related to the human well-being and quality of life. The next few years, Indonesia will get energy and water resources... more
– Sustainability of water and energy is a major problem that is getting more attention because it is very closely related to the human well-being and quality of life. The next few years, Indonesia will get energy and water resources problems. Plant microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) is one of the alternative green technology that can be used to support the sustainability of other technologies in terms of both energy and clean water production. Bibliometric methods approach used to obtain relevancy and get the latest information of PMFCs. This paper describes the status of energy and water resources, technological developments PMFCs and how PMFCs challenges and development opportunities in Indonesia. This paper reviews the basic understanding of PMFCs development and the way to implement PMFCs in Indonesia.
Due to high energy demands around the world, there is a need to attend for searching an alternative renewable and sustainable energy source. Plant microbial fuel cell (PMFC) is the most promising technology to generate a renewable source... more
Due to high energy demands around the world, there is a need to attend for searching an alternative renewable and sustainable energy source. Plant microbial fuel cell (PMFC) is the most promising technology to generate a renewable source of energy. In this paper, a PMFC system has been developed and the generation of electricity has been tested for 365 days. The PMFC generates a maximum voltage of 0.982 V which is not enough to power the electronic device. So a self-sustainable DC-DC boost converter presents and studies the performance of the boost converter with/without the super capacitor. The DC-DC boost converter boosts up the voltage from 0.982 V to 2.562 V of outputs. It was found that the energy harvester DC-DC boost converter with the super capacitor can deliver up to 2.562 V for 13 minutes which is sufficient to power sensor devices, communication and other remote broadcasts etc.
Plant microbial fuel cell (Plant-MFC) is an emerging technology that uses the metabolic activity of electrochemically active bacteria (EABs) to continue the production of bioelectricity. Since its invention and to date, great efforts have... more
Plant microbial fuel cell (Plant-MFC) is an emerging technology that uses the metabolic activity of electrochemically active bacteria (EABs) to continue the production of bioelectricity. Since its invention and to date, great efforts have been made for its application both in real-time and large-scale. However, the construction of platforms or systems for automatic voltage monitoring has been insufficiently studied. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an automatic real-time voltage data acquisition system, which was coupled with an ATMEGA2560 connected to a personal computer. Before the system operation started it was calibrated to obtain accurate data. During this experiment, the power generation performance of two types of reactors i.e. (i) Plant-MFC and (ii) control microbial fuel cell (C-MFC), was evaluated for 15 days. The Plant-MFC was planted with an herbaceous perennial plant (Stevia rebaudiana), electrode system was placed close to the plant roots at the depth of 20 cm. The results of the study have indicated that the Plant-MFC, was more effective and achieved higher bioelectricity generation than C-MFC. The maximum voltage reached with Plant-MFC was 850 mV (0.85 V), whereas C-MFC achieved a maximum voltage of 762 mV (0.772 V). Furthermore, the same reactor demonstrated a maximum power generation of 66 mW m¯2 on 10 min of polarization, while a power density with C-MFC was equal to 13.64 mW m¯ 2. S.rebaudiana showed a great alternative for power generation. In addition, the monitoring acquisition system was suitable for obtaining data in realtime. However, more studies are recommended to enhance this type of system.
The raising pharmaceutical industrial wastewater (PIW) is one of the major health problems nowadays, not only for aquatic life but also for human beings and the environment. Several conventional techniques including coagulation,... more
The raising pharmaceutical industrial wastewater (PIW) is one of the major health problems nowadays, not only for aquatic life but also for human beings and the environment. Several conventional techniques including coagulation, filtration, biological membranes and advanced oxidation have been used for the treatment of PIW, however, all of these techniques are limited with their applications and results. The present study aimed to build a cost-effective, high biodegradable, eco-friendly and highly efficient PIW treatment technique to generate electricity and reduce the COD of wastewater simultaneously. A novel paraboloid shaped graphite-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) configuration has been designed by eliminating different types of casings and membranes for bio-electrogenesis and treatment of PIW. Municipal solid wastewater (MSW) was used as a substrate for developing the biofilm in paraboloid graphite-based MFC. The PIW treatment showed adequate bioelectricity generation including; current, power, voltage and open-circuit voltage (OCV) of about 2.76 mA, 0.76 mW, 276 mV and 330 mV at 100 Ω respectively after five operating cycles. The cyclic voltammetry showed the maximum generation of 2.01 W/m3 and 168 mA/m2 of power and current densities respectively followed by a considerable reduction in internal resistance from 197 to 99 Ω. The results reported a significant amount of reduction in COD (80.55%) and TDS (35.62%) for PIW by MFC respectively. The reduction in the percentage removal efficiency of COD (80.55%) suggested that the removal of organic compounds from PIW is parallel to bioelectrogenesis. Based on these major findings the novel membrane-less and paraboloid graphite-based MFC operation significantly drag concentration towards the feasibility of using pharmaceutical wastewaters for bio-electrogenesis.
Plant microbial fuel cell (Plant-MFC) is an emerging technology that uses the metabolic activity of electrochemically active bacteria (EABs) to continue the production of bioelectricity. Since its invention and to date, great efforts have... more
Plant microbial fuel cell (Plant-MFC) is an emerging technology that uses the metabolic activity of electrochemically active bacteria (EABs) to continue the production of bioelectricity. Since its invention and to date, great efforts have been made for its application both in real-time and large-scale. However, the construction of platforms or systems for automatic voltage monitoring has been insufficiently studied. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an automatic real-time voltage data acquisition system, which was coupled with an ATMEGA2560 connected to a personal computer. Before the system operation started it was calibrated to obtain accurate data. During this experiment, the power generation performance of two types of reactors i.e. (i) Plant-MFC and (ii) control microbial fuel cell (C-MFC), was evaluated for 15 days. The Plant-MFC was planted with an herbaceous perennial plant (Stevia rebaudiana), electrode system was placed close to the plant roots at the depth of 20 cm. ...
The plant microbial fuel cell (P-MFC) is a novel bioelectrochemical device that is commonly used in highly water-saturated ecosystems to produce sustainable energy. However, the use of this system in arid or semi-arid areas has been less... more
The plant microbial fuel cell (P-MFC) is a novel bioelectrochemical device that is commonly used in highly water-saturated ecosystems to produce sustainable energy. However, the use of this system in arid or semi-arid areas has been less well explored to date. This would involve, the use of plants such as prickly pear, which adapts to these adverse conditions and could be an alternative to expand the application of P-MFC. The objective of this research is to use four Opuntia species (succulent plants) for the generation of sustainable electricity via plant-based biobattery design, under open environment and unsaturated water conditions. A Novel vertically integrated plug-in ceramic stick based P-MFCs was constructed, this could reduce the usage of the top-soil surface and aid the possible potential of scale-up design. For a long operating time (30 days), the results showed an average power density of 103.6 mW m−3 with reactors using Opuntia albicarpa, followed by Opuntia ficus-indica (10.63 mW m−3) > Opuntia robusta (7.46 mW m−3) > Opuntia joconostle (0.46 mW m−3), with 1000 Ohms resistance. Higher total electricity production of 285.12 J was achieved in Opuntia albicarpa over four weeks. In addition, the energy generation of 3.66 Wh m−2 was achieved in this study. Notably, Opuntia ficus-indica and Opuntia albicarpa species showed a significant height in the first two months (P-value < 0.05). This finding opened the avenue for the electricity generation impact on plant growth. The P-MFC also shows the potential to be used in a semi-arid area.
Abstract The raising pharmaceutical industrial wastewater (PIW) is one of the major health problems nowadays, not only for aquatic life but also for human beings and the environment. Several conventional techniques including coagulation,... more
Abstract The raising pharmaceutical industrial wastewater (PIW) is one of the major health problems nowadays, not only for aquatic life but also for human beings and the environment. Several conventional techniques including coagulation, filtration, biological membranes and advanced oxidation have been used for the treatment of PIW, however, all of these techniques are limited with their applications and results. The present study aimed to build a cost-effective, high biodegradable, eco-friendly and highly efficient PIW treatment technique to generate electricity and reduce the COD of wastewater simultaneously. A novel paraboloid shaped graphite-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) configuration has been designed by eliminating different types of casings and membranes for bio-electrogenesis and treatment of PIW. Municipal solid wastewater (MSW) was used as a substrate for developing the biofilm in paraboloid graphite-based MFC. The PIW treatment showed adequate bioelectricity generation including; current, power, voltage and open-circuit voltage (OCV) of about 2.76 mA, 0.76 mW, 276 mV and 330 mV at 100 Ω respectively after five operating cycles. The cyclic voltammetry showed the maximum generation of 2.01 W/m3 and 168 mA/m2 of power and current densities respectively followed by a considerable reduction in internal resistance from 197 to 99 Ω. The results reported a significant amount of reduction in COD (80.55%) and TDS (35.62%) for PIW by MFC respectively. The reduction in the percentage removal efficiency of COD (80.55%) suggested that the removal of organic compounds from PIW is parallel to bioelectrogenesis. Based on these major findings the novel membrane-less and paraboloid graphite-based MFC operation significantly drag concentration towards the feasibility of using pharmaceutical wastewaters for bio-electrogenesis.
Plants microbial fuel cells (PMFC) is novel system that generates renewable, clean, and sustainable electricity with minimal environmental impact. However, PMFC has limitations in power generation and current density, since its production... more
Plants microbial fuel cells (PMFC) is novel system that generates renewable, clean, and sustainable electricity with minimal environmental impact. However, PMFC has limitations in power generation and current density, since its production values is lower than other renewable technologies. Different studies show that the highest limitation for energy generation through MFC is the high resistivity of the cathode, and the solution is to replace the metallic electrodes with non-metallic materials to obtain a better performance, however, the application of these materials requires complex interdisciplinary work. This study conducted three experimental tests using metallic electrodes for the extraction of electrons and combined a black earth substrate with different natural materials, types of plants, and water to determine their influence in the increment of the electric power output.
