Rhodian Stamps

Работы Бельбекской экспедиции музея-заповедника «Херсонес  Таврический» в 2018 г. на укреплении Масляная гора стали продолжением третьего полевого сезона на объекте. Памятник находится в нижнем течении р. Бельбек, около современного с. Поворотное (г. Севастополь), представляет из себя подквадратный в плане форт, функционировавший с конца IV по рубеж II и I вв. до н.э. Исследование объекта ведется с 2013 г. под руководством А.А. Филиппенко и М.И. Тюрина.

Quest'articolo ripercorre la storia degli studi dei bolli rodi in Sardegna, dal primo lavoro pionieristico dell'erudita Vincenzo Federico Pogwish (1859), alle successive segnalazioni di Giovanni Spano e Celestino Cavedoni nel Bulletino Archeologico Sardo, fino alla prima raccolta scientifica realizzata nel 1915 da Gian Giacomo Porro. Tra 'errori' macroscopici e felici intuizioni, gli studiosi della prima metà del XX sec. hanno lasciato testimonianza di collezioni oggi non più reperibili. Le nuove scoperte effettuate in  anni recenti sull'Isola (Olbia, Karales e Neapolis) mostrano che la Sardegna ormai romanizzata non era estranea al gusto per i vini ''esotici''. La posizione centrale in un crocevia di rotte marittime, favorì il commercio delle note anfore dell'Egeo.

Статья представляет собой первую часть большой работы по изучению керамических клейм, обнаруженных в ходе раскопок 1983-2016 гг. на городище Кара-Тобе в Северо-Западном Крыму. Это детальный каталог найденных клейм Родоса, Книда, Коса, Херсонеса, Синопы, Гераклеи, Фасоса, а также неизвестных центров. Публикуемые клейма датируются в пределах начала IV - второй половины I вв. до н.э. Всего коллекция содержит 287 керамических клейм, из которых 258 определимы с разной степенью достоверности. Большинство этих оттисков хорошо известны, но встречены новые штампы и экземпляры с редкими именами, а также клейма неустановленных центров.  Особо примечательны несколько клейм с именами ранее неизвестных херсонесских астиномов, синопских и косских фабрикантов и др.

The paper deals with finds from a cistern found by G. D. Belov and S. F. Strzheletsky in the block XIX of Chersonesos in 1949–1950. Over 100 objects from the cistern, stored in the State Museum-Reserve of Tauric Chersonesos, remain unpublished. The only find from the cistern infill which was published by the discoverers is a mould for casting an earring and a pendant, made of a sawed handle of a Rhodes amphora. The assemblage under study includes amphoras produced at Chersonesos, Sinope, Rhodes, Kos, Knidos and other enters, table, cooking, black-glazed pottery, fragments of relief bowls, a lamp, ceramic plummets. Of particular importance is a collection of amphora stamps represented by stamps from Sinope (2 items), Chersonesos (8 items) and Rhodes (6 items), which has already more than once become a subject of research. The revision of the stamps allows specifying the date of the assemblage formation. The latest finds (first of all, the Rhodes stamps belonging to chronological group IVа) do not go beyond the limits of the middle of the II c. BC. Therefore, the formation of the cistern infill should be dated to the middle/third quarter of the II c. BC.
Статья посвящена находкам из цистерны, исследованной Г. Д. Беловым и С. Ф. Стржелецким в XIX квартале Херсонесского городища в 1949–1950 гг. В научных фондах Государственного историко-археологического музея-заповедника «Херсонес Таврический» хранятся более сотни происходящих из цистерны предметов, до настоящего времени не введенных в научный оборот. Единственная находка из засыпи цистерны, опубликованная авторами раскопок, — литейная форма для изготовления серьги и под-
вески, выполненная из распиленной ручки родосской амфоры. В состав исследуемого комплекса входят амфоры производства Херсонеса, Синопы, Родоса, Коса, Книда и других центров, столовая, кухонная, чернолаковая керамика, фрагменты рельефных чаш, светильник, керамические грузила. Особое значение имеет коллекция амфорных клейм, представленная штампами Синопы (2 экз.), Херсонеса (8 экз.) и Родоса (6 экз.), к которой уже неоднократно обращались исследователи. Ревизия клейм из цистерны позволила уточнить датировку образования комплекса. Наиболее поздние находки из заполнения (в первую очередь, родосские амфорные штампы хронологической группы IVа) не выходят за пределы середины II в. до н. э. Серединой/третьей четвертью столетия и следует датировать образование слоя засыпи цистерны.

This paper aims to give a brief overview of the trade of Rhodian amphorae in Tarentum through an examination of the stamped sherds collected by Luigi Viola in the nineteenth century. The chronology of Rhodian eponyms updated by Gérald Finkielsztejn in 2001 sheds new light on  uctuations of imports in different periods. The author also suggests new prospects for research on the grain trade between southern Italy and Greece.

In November 2014, the expedition of the University of High Anthropological School conducted archaeological investigations on the territory of Palanca village (Republic of Moldova) and its surroundings. The North-Eastern part of the village situated on a high river terrace turned out to be the most promising one, which is where the prospecting pits were made. Among the most interesting finds from the trench 1 were the fragments of black glazed pottery and a stamped handle of Rhodian amphora. A large fragment allowed to reconstruct the complete profile and diameter of black glazed plate with projecting rim characteristic of the Hellenistic period (from 250—225 BC to Early 2nd century BC). Two-line stamp on the amphora’s handle found on structure 1 belongs to Rhodian manufacturer Mikythos II, followed by the name of the month. The stamp, and therefore structure 1, appear to be attributed to the 230s BC. In trench 2 a fragment of black glazed kantharos of West Slope style was discovered (250—225 BC). Statistics shows that the percentage of hand-made ware was not more than 15%, while the wheel-made pottery was more than 85%. This ratio allows us to confirm the hypothesis that Palanca was the first Greek settlement found on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. This could be proved by the number of table-ware pottery (2%) and amphora fragments.

The article provides a comprehensive study of the stamps with the names of the Rhodes eponyms from the Grushevsky settlement. Significant progress in the study of the Rhodes stamps in recent decades, especially in the construction of chronological lists, has led to the need to clarify both the dating of individual stamps and their content. This aspect is extremely important for such places as the Grushevskoye settlement, the time of death of which is directly related to the dating of the discovered Rhodes stamps. The consideration of general historiographical issues and the characteristic features of the Rhodes eponyms allows us to move on to the problematic moments associated with the identification of individual stamps. Thus, the "grushevsky" stamps with the names of Timokles, Aristarchus, Cleonymus and Pausanias, which caused discussion among researchers, can be confidently identified as eponyms. In turn, a detailed study of the entire complex allows you to identify its main features, and in some moments even unique. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that the death of the Grushevsky settlement was not earlier than 232 BC, and the entire complex of Rhodes stamps dates back to the time frame from approximately 263 BC to 232-221 BC.

The publication is devoted to the mouldmade bowls unearthed on Maslianaya Gora site in South-Western Crimea during the excavations 2017. Both bowls were produced in the late Hellenistic Ephesian workshops. The first bowl bears the signature of Gorgias; it also bears floral decoration and idyllic sea scenes. Morphology and decoration of the pot make it unique. The second bowl produced in Menemachos` workshop is decorated with four erotic scenes. Both bowls derive from the context of the fort`s total destruction dated back to the late 2nd − early 1st century BC.