Social Reality

This book falls within the limits of academic research, certified by the order of the Romanian Ministry of Education, no. 5766 / December 15, 2021. The book represents the author's doctoral thesis modified according to the format and requirements of a book. It went through the academic process of double peer review and was recommended for publication.

Since language is a brainwork of speakers who live in social and physical environments, researchers are obliged to think about the alliance between the vocabularies' meaning in dictionaries and their significance in social use. And because the novel is a fictional piece of writing which is primarily inspired by real life and reflects realities. In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte strives to interfere in her characters' thought and considers their social class, culture and experience; she acts as a writer, the speaker and the reader as well. These authorial qualities gave birth to a text combined of two language varieties, the Standard English and the Yorkshire dialect which are tightly interwoven without distorting the unity and the arrangement of the story plot. This paper looks to cover the different social inclinations of E. Bronte's depiction of dialect in addition to some critical resonances of such representation.

In societies with a non-elementary degree of complexity, we find institutions, social roles, promises, marriages, corporations, enterprises, and the large variety of what we can label “social objects”. On the one hand, we commonly speak and think of such entities as if they existed on a par with entities such as tables and persons. On the other hand, there is a clear link between what people think and how people behave and the social domain. We argue that the widespread “reductionist” approach in social ontology fails to account for both those aspects of social reality, and put forward a new approach. The main idea is that a particular kind of social objects, namely documents – and more
generally records of social acts – are the ground of social reality. The fundamental difference from the reductionist approach is that the content of collective intentions will turn out to be not so important in accounting for the ontological variety of complex
social realities such as ours.

The debate on the scientific status of the Social Sciences and their bid to achieve objectivity in their inquiries is an unending debate within and outside the Social Science family. The positivists are of the opinion that objectivity in Social Science is achievable and that scientific methods can be used in Social Science inquiry, just the same or similar way(s) the natural scientists do their scientific endeavor. To the positivists ‘value-free Social Science’ is possible. This position is however criticized even within the Social Sciences, let alone in the scientific world. All these debates centered on whether or not the Social Scientists are truly scientific in their quest for knowledge. No matter the outcome of the debate what is obvious is that there is a philosophical problem with scientific objectivity in general. Based on a historical review of the development of certain scientific theories, in his book, ‘the Structure of scientific revolutions’, a scientist and a historian Thomas Kuhn raised some philosophical objections to claims of the possibility of scientific understanding being truly objective. Against this backdrop, the paper seeks to unravel the varied theoretical debates on the subject.

mind and heart. In the early 1960's Wilbur Schramm and his researchers outlined three main uses of Television by the children. 'Television offers a fantasy world for children; Information about this society; Identifications of social utility as major function'. Advertising is the communication relayed from companies to persuade an audience to purchase their product. TV and radio ads can potentially reach millions of consumers simultaneously. The effectiveness of TV and radio ads depends on the popularity of the show during which the ads are broadcast. This study is based on the construction of social reality and selective retention. In this study the researcher wants to explore the impact of cartoons among children with reference to television advertisements. The data were collected and properly analysed with the application of statistical tools and result were analysed socially.

The dissertation Public Life and Pervasive Systems: A Critical Practice is part of the research conducted both in the UK and Brazil, between the years 2001 and 2005, in a context permeated by issues related to the introduction of intrusive technologies and practices in the field of communication.
The research involved the production by the author of three pieces of artwork: an interactive installation called 4walls, the web-based work meta4walls and the Spio project, defined as a de-generative installation. Each project deals with distinctive technologies and establishes dialogues with specific cultural and geopolitical contexts. The projects simultaneously point to a common ground of alienating factors found in contemporary societies, affected by the production of semiotic power in late capitalism. More to the point, pervasive technologies are detected behind the shifting boundaries between the private and public spheres, where new dichotomies are generated, such as intimacy and privacy, mixophobia and mixophilia, representation and mediation, ‘forged reality’ and social reality.
The research considers interfaces as the key tool in the analysis of such dualities in the domain of art. Among the many mediation possibilities promoted by pervasive systems and communication technologies, the creation of strategies based on non-corporative networking and social interfaces that encourage individuals to re-enact participation in the construction of public-life is seen as a challenging responsibility for artists committed to social reality.

Susan Haack, “The World According to Innocent Realism: The One and the Many, the Real and the Imaginary, the Natural and the Social.”

Abstract: Prof. Haack articulates her signature metaphysical theory, Innocent Realism. The world of Innocent Realism is rich and varied, but also integrated: it is a pluralistic universe of natural stuff, things, phenomena, kinds, and laws overlaid, in “our” part of the world, by our thoughts, dreams, etc., by our social institutions, rules, and laws, and by a vast array of human artifacts, physical, intellectual, and imaginative.

If this paper interests yu, you might also want to look at "Brave New World" (in press) and "The Real, the Fictional, and the Fake" (2013)

POWERPOINTS TO ACCOMPANY THIS PAPER ARE AVAILABLE IN THE SECTION LABELED “SELECTED PRESENTATIONS” BELOW (UNDER “MORE”). A LINK TO A YOUTUBE VIDEO OF HAACK GIVING THIS PRESENTATION CAN BE FOUND UNDER “LINKS” IN THAT SECTION

Since language is a brainwork of speakers who live in social and physical environments, researchers are obliged to think about the alliance between the vocabularies’ meaning in dictionaries and their significance in social use. And because the novel is a fictional piece of writing which is primarily inspired by real life and reflects realities. In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte strives to interfere in her characters’ thought and considers their social class, culture and experience; she acts as a writer, the speaker and the reader as well. These authorial qualities gave birth to a text combined of two language varieties, the Standard English and the Yorkshire dialect which are tightly interwoven without distorting the unity and the arrangement of the story plot. This paper looks to cover the different social inclinations of E. Bronte’s depiction of dialect in addition to some critical resonances of such representation.   Keywords: Wuthering Heights, dialect representativeness, socia...

There has always been insertion of new buildings in sites of architectural heritage but: how different has the attitude of this action been after the arrival of Modern Era? And how is this same action considered in the postmodern conditions nowadays? Until recent times these new interventions were cases of the former activity of maintenance and adaptation of buildings. After the impulse of the Enlightenment, the inclusion of the new in the old acquired different importance because of changes in historical consciousness and its aimed objectivity. Modern conservation was originated with the purpose to protect this objectivity. Conservation theory is determined, among others, by the concept of memory. This paper tries: to explore the concept of memory; to establish whether memory as it is actually conceived continues to be significant for conservation; and how theory needs to be revised to be consistent with this evolution. The speed of history at the present time implies changes in the creation of collective memory and its architectural expression that consequently merits new considerations.

Predmetná esej si kladie za úlohu podrobnejšie a analytickejšie rozobrať vybranú problematiku podkapitoly o organizovanej modernite z knihy nemeckého politického sociológa Petra Wagnera. Samotná podkapitola bola pôvodne predmetom spracovania zadanej prezentácie v rámci seminára Teoretické sociologie. V texte pristupujeme k detailnejšiemu rozboru Wagnerovej výkladovej línie, dopĺňaniu niektorých myšlienok diskutovaných počas semestra v lekciách s doc. Csaba Szalóm a takisto ku komparácii s niektorými ďalšími argumentmi najnovších odborných príspevkov k danej téme.

El artículo plantea un ejercicio de pensamiento epistémico y metodología crítica para el desarrollo de la investigación social. Luego del diagnóstico de la situación actual de las ciencias sociales (introducción), en la primera parte del texto se propone la estrategia epistémico-metodológica por seguir. En la segunda parte se realiza un diálogo entre la teoría del Presente Potencial de Hugo Zemelman y los planteamientos de la Sociología de las Ausencias y de las Emergencias de Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Para después proponer, en la tercera parte, una aproximación investigativa crítica a la realidad social y los sujetos colectivos. El escrito cierra con la evaluación del ejercicio propuesto y una reflexión sobre la posibilidad de aplicación empírica de la propuesta.

The article presents an exercise of epistemic thought and critical methodology for the development of social research. After diagnosing the current situation of the social sciences (introduction), the first part of the text proposes an epistemic-methodological strategy to be followed. The second part carries out a dialogue between the Potential of the Present theory of Hugo Zemelman and the tenets of the Sociology of Absences and Emergencies of Boaventura de Sousa Santos. The third part then proposes a critical research approach to social reality and collective subjects. The text closes with an evaluation of the exercise proposed and a reflection on the possibility of empirical application of the proposal.

According to John Habraken, there is today a tension between the planners' tendency to expand public space and the citizens' wish to extend their private control over that same space. Processes of appropriation and exclusion governing the public space geared by policies intended to increase security must therefore be concurrently informed to address the complexities of social reality. As far

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre el uso de la marginalidad en la cultura audiovisual digital como un elemento monstruoso «necesario» en la producción e intensificación de la subjetividad y la realidad social. Se reflexiona a partir de los análisis de la película subida a YouTube ¿Qué puede un cuerpo? (2014)de César González, así como del examen a la escritura y publicaciones en su blogCamilo Blajaquis. En el análisis se establece una articulación entre las nociones de exterioridad, virtualidad y «estética de la política» (Rancière) para indagar cómo estas prácticas digitales se sitúan en la lucha por nuevos canales de movilización afectiva.

his article ponders the tension created in journalism by the emergence of social networks in the processes of the social construction of reality. The focuses are the events kindled by the Indignados movement in Spain in 2012, during the “25S” protests, which called for a new constituent assembly. Waiter Alberto Casillas stole the scene by facing police truculence, and that had a great repercussion in the networks, attracting the attention of international journalism. There are two points of view which, when compared, lead to a possible synthesis about this moment of crisis: 1) the way journalism presents the events; 2) the possibilities and implications offered by the networks to the more ample dynamics of journalism. C. S. Peirce’s concept of semiosis is the basis of the reflective effort, along with a systemic view inspired by the Semiotics of Culture – especially as in Yuri Lotman. It is postulated that in the contemporary semiosphere, in which complex processes of semiosis set o...

Alejandro Kaufman (2008) senala que grandes transformaciones se estan produciendo desde una perspectiva historico - cultural en la relacion que se establece entre la educacion y la sociedad. Y que muchas de las tensiones entre ambas son el producto de lo que denomina “novedades” culturales. Sostiene que la educacion se ha sustentado en una cierta previsibilidad y que, en cuanto que la modernidad representa progreso, el cual estaria asociado a la desaparicion o transformacion de muchas de esas certidumbres, la escuela estaria sufriendo ciertas modificaciones que involucran los propios cimientos de la institucion escolar. La formacion de los futuros maestros en el area de Ciencias Sociales debe ser ajustada a los requerimientos de esta nueva sociedad. El abordaje de la Didactica de las Ciencias Sociales debe considerar las nuevas aproximaciones epistemologicas y tematicas relevantes en las propuestas pedagogicas. Es indispensable que, asi como existen contenidos de Geografia en los pl...

【Now published: https://shorturl.at/gmozY 】
Sexuality is a social construct, and one that has had increasing prominence in online contexts. Examining comments written in reply to an opinion column on “sexual racism” on gay dating apps, this chapter explores commenters’ evaluation of app users’ expressions of racial preferences. Using discourse markers, tokens of agreement for example, commenters take similar or different stances, thereby creating either a convergent or a divergent alignment that contributes to the negotiation of sexuality in computer-mediated communication (CMC). It adds to the literature of stancetaking in CMC and proposes a discursive approach to the research on racialized sexuality. The analysis draws on Du Bois’ (2007) concept of the stance triangle, in which stancetakers position themselves and align with others as they evaluate objects, and focuses on an ideological debate: whether it is a preference or racism to exclude potential partners based on race on gay dating apps. The analysis shows how two technological affordances: tagging and quoting, create connections for negotiating users’ sexual practices online. The study shows how digital affordances facilitate dialogic interaction that frames racialized desires as two diverging social realities.

Se hace un análisis de “lo político”, identificándolo primero y luego diferenciando el concepto en el contexto de las ciencias humanas para hacer un recorrido por ellas y dar cuenta de la realidad social que estructura la formación discursiva.

An analysis of “political”, first identified and then differentiating the concept in the context of the human sciences for a tour for them and account for social reality that structures the discursive formation.

The debate on the scientific status of the Social Sciences and their bid to achieve objectivity in their inquiries is an unending debate within and outside the Social Science family. The positivists are of the opinion that objectivity in Social Science is achievable and that scientific methods can be used in Social Science inquiry, just the same or similar way(s) the natural scientists do their scientific endeavor. To the positivists ‘value-free Social Science’ is possible. This position is however criticized even within the Social Sciences, let alone in the scientific world. All these debates centered on whether or not the Social Scientists are truly scientific in their quest for knowledge. No matter the outcome of the debate what is obvious is that there is a philosophical problem with scientific objectivity in general. Based on a historical review of the development of certain scientific theories, in his book, ‘the Structure of scientific revolutions’, a scientist and a historian...

La logica investigadora fundamentada en la induccion como mecanismo principal para generalizar y reducir los aspectos objetivos de la realidad a aquellos que pueden ser observados a traves de los sentidos del sujeto observador, considerada hasta ahora como cientifica, es insuficiente para investigar los fenomenos psicosociales con cierta coherencia teorica y practica. Este articulo aborda la puesta en practica del modelo de las representaciones organizacionales para intervenir en las organizaciones, junto a otro, en fase experimental, que pretende afrontar la investigacion de los "fenomenos sociales" en el sistema social como totalidad. The investigating logic based in the induction like main mechanism to generalize and to reduce the objective aspects from the reality to those that can be observed through the fellow's observer senses, considered up to now as scientific, is insufficient to investigate the psicosocial phenomena with certain theoretical coherence and prac...

Social choice is the theory about collective decision towards social welfare starting from individual opinions, preferences, interests or welfare. The field of Computational Social Welfare is somewhat recent and it is gaining impact in the Artificial Intelligence community. Classical literature makes the assumption of single-peaked preferences, i.e. there exist a linear order in the preferences and there is a global maximum in this order. Recently, some theoretical results were published about Two-stage Approval Voting Systems (TAVs), Multi-winner Selection Rules (MWSR) and Incomplete (IPs) and Circular Preferences (CPs) that I claim leads to research about Preferences Graphs and Preferences Multi-dimensional Functions in Polynomial time. The purpose of this paper is threefold: Firstly,

In the passages of Phenomenology of spirit titled, B.
Self-consciousness, Hegel (1807) supplies us with the
theory of the duplication (Verdoppelung) of Self-
consciousness, which allows the dissolution of
individuality in a context of a reciprocal relationship
with another individuality, i.e., another Self-
consciousness. This relationship arises from an original
relationship to an external object, i.e., desire (Begierde)
and develops in institutional reality by the independence
from the desire self. In this contribution, my aim is to
explain Hegel’s principle of desire-independence and
compare it to the quite similar Searle’s (2010) proposal
that Status Functions Declarations [SFD] must be
desire-independent. The lordship-bondage relationship
reveals a recognitive structure in which individuals’
independence vanishes in the institutional reality

In this paper, we explore the idea of social innovation as both a conceptual and practical means of delivering positive social, economic and environmental outcomes in marginal rural areas. Definitions are critically appraised, and the dual contemporary origins of the term social innovation (in management sciences and critical social science) are explored. There has been much conceptual confusion, in particular about the extent to which civil society agency is central or desirable in social innovation. Social innovation can be seen to be closely connected to a range of theories that inform both innovation and rural development, but it lacks a singular theoretical “home”. Social innovation can also have a dark side, which merits scrutiny. Three case studies illustrate social innovation processes and outcomes in different parts of Europe. Where committed actors, local enabling agency and overarching policies align, the outcomes of social innovations can be considerable. If rarely trans...

The debate on the scientific status of the Social Sciences and their bid to achieve objectivity in their inquiries is an unending debate within and outside the Social Science family. The positivists are of the opinion that objectivity in Social Science is achievable and that scientific methods can be used in Social Science inquiry, just the same or similar way(s) the natural scientists do their scientific endeavor. To the positivists ‘value-free Social Science’ is possible. This position is however criticized even within the Social Sciences, let alone in the scientific world. All these debates centered on whether or not the Social Scientists are truly scientific in their quest for knowledge. No matter the outcome of the debate what is obvious is that there is a philosophical problem with scientific objectivity in general. Based on a historical review of the development of certain scientific theories, in his book, ‘the Structure of scientific revolutions’, a scientist and a historian Thomas Kuhn raised some philosophical objections to claims of the possibility of scientific understanding being truly objective. Against this backdrop, the paper seeks to unravel the varied theoretical debates on the subject.

ABSTRACT “Constantin Brancusi” University Annals from Targu Jiu, Letters and Social Sciences Series is published by “Academica Brâncuşi” Press of “Constantin Brancusi” University from Targu-Jiu, a state university, institutionally certified. The journals includes articles from the historical, social, philosophical field, with the following objectives: encouraging research in education, enlarging the horizon of knowledge in the field of letters and social sciences. The journal aims to: - Answer through its activity of the birth of a coherent and efficient network of broadcasting information in the field of letters and social sciences; - Identify the scientific and research potential of the University in the field of letters and social sciences; - Draw prestigious collaborators from the country or from abroad that could make a contribution to the development of scientific research; - Encourage research in education; - To assert national and international identity, scientific research developed by the professors of the Faculty of Letters and Social Sciences, at “Constantin Brancusi” University from Târgu-Jiu.

ABSTRACT Bu çalışmada toplumsal belleğin inşaasında medyanın üstlendiği role belirim kazandırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Söz edimleri kuramından yola çıkarak, söylemlerin toplumsal gerçekliğin üzerindeki etkilerine uzanan kuramsal bir düzlemde kitle iletişim araçlarının etkileri ele alınmaktadır. 1 Mayıs 2008 öncesi gazete söylemlerinin inceleme nesnesi olarak ele alındığı çalışmada, Teun van Dijk’ın söylem çözümleme yöntemi kullanılarak bir çözümleme yapılmış ve toplumsal olgular üzerindeki etkileri ifşa edilmeye çalışılmıştır.

The exposure of children to profanity continues to be a concern for parents, media researchers, and policy makers alike. This study examines the types, frequency, and usage of profanity in movies directed at and featuring teenagers. A review of relevant literature explores the nature, use, and psychology of profanity, its potential social effects, and its prevalence in the media. A content analysis was conducted of the ninety top���grossing domestic teen films in the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s (thirty from each decade) in the US ...