A systematic review of the methodologies used to empirically evaluate anti-speeding advertisements was conducted, and the advantages and limitations of these methods consolidated. Of the 28 studies that met the inclusion criteria,... more
A systematic review of the methodologies used to empirically evaluate anti-speeding advertisements was conducted, and the advantages and limitations of these methods consolidated. Of the 28 studies that met the inclusion criteria, approximately equal proportions employed experimental (57 per cent) and observational (43 per cent) evaluation approaches. While the majority of observational evaluations of anti-speeding advertisements (29 per cent of total evaluations) examined changes to direct measures of speeding (e.g., crash statistics, speeding infringements or on-road driving speeds), the majority of experimental evaluations (43 per cent of total evaluations) relied on indirect measures of speeding behaviour (e.g., self-reported anti-speeding attitudes, intentions, and behaviour). The current review presents the strengths and limitations of previous evaluation approaches, with a particular focus on study design, outcome measures, and advertisement manipulations.
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and... more
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and knowledge of the participants towards speeding and penalties for speeding. A sample of 1,100 Spanish drivers over 14 years old was used and they filled in a questionnaire. The average rate assessment of the risk of traffic crash was 8.3 (on a scale of 0 to 10). Participants would punish the speeding behaviour with great severity; an average of 8.2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Almost all participants (97.1%) agreed that speeding is a punishable behaviour. It is necessary to educate drivers to respect speed limits, to improve roads' infrastructure, to establish appropriate speed limits, to put signs properly, to improve vehicle engineering, and to use in-vehicle devices to control speeding.
Fuelled by media coverage of reckless, irresponsible and anti-social driving, young (male) motorists are an area of concern for politicians, police and citizens more generally. In media and popular discourses the symbol of the boy racer... more
Fuelled by media coverage of reckless, irresponsible and anti-social driving, young (male) motorists are an area of concern for politicians, police and citizens more generally. In media and popular discourses the symbol of the boy racer has come to represent deviance, anti-social behaviour, criminality and risk on the roads. This paper focuses on a local moral panic concerning boy racers in the city of Aberdeen, Scotland. Five elements, which characterise a moral panic, are identified and include: concern, hostility, consensus, disproportion and volatility (Goode and Ben-Yehuda 2009[1994]). Urban regeneration played a key part in this particular moral panic in terms of class, cultural and intergenerational clashes between racers and outside groups. The moral panic was further institutionalised through the use of measures such as anti-social behaviour legislation. Moreover, it was symptomatic of wider societal concern regarding the regulation of young (male) motorists and the related governance of urban space and incivilities. The discussion draws on data collected via participant observation with the drivers, semi-structured interviews with members of the outside groups and content analysis of media reports which focus on the culture.
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and... more
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and knowledge of the participants towards speeding and penalties for speeding. A sample of 1,100 Spanish drivers over 14 years old was used and they filled in a questionnaire. The average rate assessment of the risk of traffic crash was 8.3 (on a scale of 0 to 10). Participants would punish the speeding behaviour with great severity; an average of 8.2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Almost all participants (97.1%) agreed that speeding is a punishable behaviour. It is necessary to educate drivers to respect speed limits, to improve roads’ infrastructure, to establish appropriate speed limits, to put signs properly, to improve vehicle engineering, and to use in-vehicle devices to control speeding.
This study addresses the socio-cognitive determinants of traffic offences, in particular of speeding and drinking and driving. It has two aims: (1) to test the hypothesis of a direct effect of habits on offences (i.e. independent of... more
This study addresses the socio-cognitive determinants of traffic offences, in particular of speeding and drinking and driving. It has two aims: (1) to test the hypothesis of a direct effect of habits on offences (i.e. independent of intentions) by employing a specific measure of habits (i.e. the SRIH) and (2) to analyse the offences by taking account of three distinct parameters: frequency, usual magnitude (i.e. the most frequent deviation from the law) and maximal magnitude (i.e. the greatest deviation occasionally adopted) in order to represent more accurately the variability of the offending behaviours. 642 drivers replied to a questionnaire. The results corroborate the idea that intention and habit are distinct and direct determinants of offences. The use of the SRIH dismiss the criticisms made with regard to the measure of past behaviour. The distinction between the three behavioural parameters proves to be relevant, as their determinants are not exactly similar. Finally, attitude and subjective norm had direct effects on the maximal magnitude and/or on the frequency of the offence. The discussion concerns the contribution of this study to the analysis of offences as well as its limitations, and addresses the theoretical plausibility of the direct effects of attitude and the subjective norm.
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and... more
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and knowledge of the participants towards speeding and penalties for speeding. A sample of 1,100 Spanish drivers over 14 years old was used and they filled in a questionnaire. The average rate assessment of the risk of traffic crash was 8.3 (on a scale of 0 to 10). Participants would punish the speeding behaviour with great severity; an average of 8.2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Almost all participants (97.1%) agreed that speeding is a punishable behaviour. It is necessary to educate drivers to respect speed limits, to improve roads' infrastructure, to establish appropriate speed limits, to put signs properly, to improve vehicle engineering, and to use in-vehicle devices to control speeding.
In dit enquêteonderzoek staat de vraag centraal of automobilisten geneigd zijn een lagere rijsnelheid te kiezen wanneer er borden met Dick Bruna-illustraties langs de weg staan. Automatische gedragsbeïnvloeding door het oproepen van... more
In dit enquêteonderzoek staat de vraag centraal of automobilisten geneigd zijn een lagere rijsnelheid te kiezen wanneer er borden met Dick Bruna-illustraties langs de weg staan. Automatische gedragsbeïnvloeding door het oproepen van associaties – hier met kinderen en zorgzaamheid – wordt nudging genoemd.
It is hypothesized that in a given situation speeding behaviour is determined by three subjective speed assessments: the speed perceived as the riskiest, the speed perceived as the safest, and the speed perceived as the most pleasurable.... more
It is hypothesized that in a given situation speeding behaviour is determined by three subjective speed assessments: the speed perceived as the riskiest, the speed perceived as the safest, and the speed perceived as the most pleasurable. Specifically, if these assessments are high, drivers are expected to circulate faster. Such speed perceptions are also viewed as influenced by attitudes towards speed and speed limits. 177 car drivers, included 102 men and 75 women between 18 and 72 years (M = 43, SD = 21) and with a mean driving experience of 22 years (SD = 19), answered to a questionnaire about their attitudes towards speed and speed limits, the speeds they considered as the riskiest, the safest, and the most pleasurable in three different contexts, as well as their usual speed. Data analyses (ANOVA and path analyses) confirmed the influence of the three types of speed assessment on the usual speed and that the influence of attitudes on this behaviour is mediated by these three assessments. Results suggest that not only a change in attitudes and beliefs is desirable, but a concrete specification (e.g., 100 Km/h) of speeds perceived as safe, pleasurable and risky is also needed in order to reduce speeding behaviour.
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and... more
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and knowledge of the participants towards speeding and penalties for speeding. A sample of 1,100 Spanish drivers over 14 years old was used and they filled in a questionnaire. The average rate assessment of the risk of traffic crash was 8.3 (on a scale of 0 to 10). Participants would punish the speeding behaviour with great severity; an average of 8.2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Almost all participants (97.1%) agreed that speeding is a punishable behaviour. It is necessary to educate drivers to respect speed limits, to improve roads’ infrastructure, to establish appropriate speed limits, to put signs properly, to improve vehicle engineering, and to use in-vehicle devices to control speeding.
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and... more
Speed is one of the elements that most contributes to road fatality, and this explains the fact that it is often dealt with in the road safety field. The objective of this research was to understand the risk perception, attitude, and knowledge of the participants towards speeding and penalties for speeding. A sample of 1,100 Spanish drivers over 14 years old was used and they filled in a questionnaire. The average rate assessment of the risk of traffic crash was 8.3 (on a scale of 0 to 10). Participants would punish the speeding behaviour with great severity; an average of 8.2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Almost all participants (97.1%) agreed that speeding is a punishable behaviour. It is necessary to educate drivers to respect speed limits, to improve roads’ infrastructure, to establish appropriate speed limits, to put signs properly, to improve vehicle engineering, and to use in-vehicle devices to control speeding.
In Vietnam, motorcycles serve as a major transportation means to the majority, while presenting the highest risk out of all vehicles involved in road crash incidents. This study examines the relationship between social norms and speeding... more
In Vietnam, motorcycles serve as a major transportation means to the majority, while presenting the highest risk out of all vehicles involved in road crash incidents. This study examines the relationship between social norms and speeding behaviour using the social norms approach to demonstrate its potential application in social marketing campaigns related to road injury prevention. A paper-based survey of undergraduate university students' (N =541; aged 18 to 25) at four universities in Ho Chi Minh City, the largest city in Vietnam was undertaken. The results show that young adults tend to believe that their peers are speeding more commonly than themselves, and that they, themselves, are more skilled drivers and safer when speeding compared to their peers. The results show that social marketing campaigns may need to address incorrectly held beliefs in regard to the social norms related to speeding on motorbikes.
