Sustainable Tropical Forestry

Globally, forests cover approximately 30% of the world’s land surface and are vital for meeting human needs for food, fuelwood, timber, fodder and medicines. Forests are also critical in providing a wide range of environmental services, including biodiversity conservation, climate regulation, watershed protection and soil amelioration. Despite the enormous importance of forests in people’s lives and livelihoods, deforestation and forest degradation have increased globally, and at vastly higher rates than ever before. One of the major reasons for the failure of most forestry programmes in tropical developing countries is the exclusion of local people in forest management and poor recognition of local peoples’ customary rights and dependency on forests. Community-based forest management (CBFM), also known as community forestry, social forestry, joint forest management or participatory forestry, has emerged in response to the concern that centralised forest ownership in most developing countries has failed to promote sustainable forest management (SFM). Social, economic and environmental well-being are at the core of the SFM concept and principles. Despite the significant progress towards SFM over the past decades, its implementation is highly variable in the tropics where the capacity to utilise or enforce SFM policies, laws and regulations remains unequal. This chapter provides an overview of CBFM in the tropics. We first discuss the origins and evolution of CBFM, followed by governance issues relating to CBFM, the factors affecting the success (and failure) of CBFM, the design and implementation of CBFM, and CBFM in international forest policy and management.

Community forestry timber destined for export to the EU could become a serious threat to FLEGT due to a lack of operational standards for timber exploitation in community forests, and limited independent control of logging inventories, exploitation certificates and waybills.
The basic idea of community forestry in Cameroon is to grant small-scale logging rights to forest-adjacent communities in order to improve the livelihoods of local people. The main principle is to keep it simple: applying for, implementing and documenting forestry activities should be feasible and practical for communities. This simplicity, however, has started to compromise community forestry in Cameroon. This policy brief gives an overview of the community forestry situation in Cameroon and advises how regulations and procedures for community forestry could be reformed in order to develop and increase transparency in the timber sector.

Cite this article: Bartniczak, B., Raszkowski, A. Sustainable forest management in Poland. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 2018, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 666-677. The purpose of this paper is to analyse sustainable forest management in Poland in the years 2009-2015. The concept of sustainable development itself has also been analysed as the starting point for sustainable forest management development. Based on the conducted analysis of statistical data, it was attempted to answer the question about the condition of sustainable forest management in Poland.

A introdução apresenta o conteúdo do livro. Segundo Aloizio Mercadante, é um livro que fortalece estas lutas e a resistência democrática.
In English, the title would be: Introduction to Environmental Justice Movements: Struggles - Achievements - Setbacks - Hope. According to Aloizio Mercadante, it's a book to strengthen these struggles and the democratic.resistance. The introduction presents the book's content.

Cedrela odorata (Spanish cedar) is a neotropical broadleaf tree species that is in high demand for furniture and interior fittings. In 1998, seed collections were made from Spanish cedar in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, for genetic conservation and tree improvement projects. Progeny
from these collections were established in genetic trials at Bacalar, Noh Bec, and Zoh Laguna in the Yucatan. Survival at 2 years was 73.5% at Bacalar, 72% at Noh Bec, but only 20% after 6 months for several replicates at Zoh Laguna. Mean 2-year height, number of years of Hypsipyla attack on apical shoots (over 2 or 3 years) and total branching over 2 years, were 1.3 m, 0.04 years, and 2.5 branches at Bacalar, and 1.9 m, 0.35
years, and 1.6 branches at Noh Bec. Selection of the three best provenances (Esca´rcega, Bacalar, and Calakmul) would result in an estimated crosssite gain of 8.6% in 2-year height.Within-provenance, cross-site heritabilities for 2-year height, shoot borer attack, and branching were 0.1  0.02, 0.0  0.02, and 0.0  0.02, respectively. Single-site heritabilities for height at 2 years, shoot borer attack, and branching were 0.09  0.05,
0.02  0.04, and 0.09  0.05 at Bacalar and 0.16  0.07, 0.0  0.06, and 0.0  0.07 at Noh Bec. Given the known advantage of rapid growth to avoid Hypsipyla damage over the long term and the stable performance of provenances across sites for growth traits, we recommend provenance selection over multiple trials to reduce the risk of serious damage by the insect. Good provenances and other suitable seed sources, as well as proper site selection and silvicultural practices, are important tools for increasing yields from plantations of C. odorata.

A review of recurrrent problems in projects dealing with community participation in sustainable forest management in the tropics and suggestions to avoid them especially through better planning, oportune assistance and previous economic viability analysis.