Symptoms

Parkinson's disease is a central nervous-system disorder. 90% of people with parkinson disease are reported to have speech and voice disorders. Vocal folds are normally weakened by this disorder and the patient talks improperly. Various elements of the speech patterns of healthy people and those with parkinson disease were studied for prediction of parkinson's disease. Optimized features affecting the data classification process were then identified using genetic algorithms and the KNN classification method was used to eventually classify the data based on different numbers of optimized features.

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in electrolytic reabsorption and calcium homeostasis, thereby maintaining skeletal and extra-skeletal integrity. In addition, the literature establishes its potency to prevent insulin-dependent diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, and various autoimmune disorders. Therefore, determining vitamin D deficient states and its correlation with systemic factors plays a notable role in clinical medicine. The present cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the Prevalence and symptomatic correlation of vitamin D deficiency in individuals visiting an annual health checkup at a quaternary care hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study stipulated the prevalence rate of serum vitamin D deficiency levels was 91 % among healthy individuals. The overall mean value of serum vitamin D was 17.54 ng/mL. With 91.2 % symptomatic individuals, the mean age of patients was 48.08 ± 10.33 years, with the majority of males (61.53 %). The mild, moderate, and severe grades of vitamin D deficiency were seen in 32.53 %, 53.01 %, and 14.45 % of study participants, respectively. On applying Pearson correlation, there is a strong negative correlation between the total symptom score (12.98) and serum vitamin D levels with an Rvalue of-0.788. The study reveals the higher prevalence rate of vitamin D deficiency among apparently healthy participants. The associated symptoms among moderate and severe vitamin D deficient study participants indicate the alarming stage in the country. The study concluded the need for comprehensive public health programs concerning the advantages of sun exposure and sufficient intake of fortified resources in the 21st-century lifestyle.

Background & objectives: India witnessed a massive second surge of COVID-19 cases since March 2021 after a period of decline from September 2020. Data collected under the National Clinical Registry for COVID-19 (NCRC) were analysed to describe the differences in demographic and clinical features of COVID-19 patients recruited during these two successive waves. Methods: The NCRC, launched in September 2020, is an ongoing multicentre observational initiative, which provided the platform for the current investigation. Demographic, clinical, treatment and outcome data of hospitalized, confirmed COVID-19 patients were captured in an electronic data portal from 41 hospitals across India. Patients enrolled during September 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021 and February 1 to May 11, 2021 constituted participants of the two successive waves, respectively. Results: As on May 11, 2021, 18961 individuals were recruited in the registry, 12059 and 6903 reflecting in-patients from the first and second waves, respectively. Mean age of the patients was significantly lower in the second wave [48.7 (18.1) yr vs. 50.7 (18.0) yr, P<0.001] with higher proportion of patients in the younger age group intervals of <20, and 20-39 yr. Approximately 70 per cent of the admitted patients were ≥ 40 yr of age in both waves of the pandemic. The proportion of males were slightly lower in second wave as compared to the first [4400 (63.7%) vs. 7886 (65.4%), P=0.02]. Commonest presenting symptom was fever in both waves. In the second wave, a significantly higher proportion [2625 (48.6%) vs. 4420 (42.8%), P<0.003] complained of shortness of breath, developed ARDS [422(13%) vs. 880 (7.9%), P<0.001], required supplemental oxygen [1637 (50.3%) vs. 4771 (42.7%), P<0.001], and mechanical ventilation [260 (15.9%) vs. 530 (11.1%), P<0.001]. Mortality also significantly increased in the second wave [OR: 1.35 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.52)] in all age groups except in <20 yr. Interpretation & conclusions: The second wave of COVID-19 in India was slightly different in presentation than the first wave, with a younger demography, lesser comorbidities, and presentation with breathlessness in greater frequency.

The genus Phytopythium is a relatively new group of organisms distinguished from the Pythium genus. These are organisms closely related to Pythium and Phytophthora, with similar structure and biology. Despite many similarities, this genus is characterised by several morphological features that allow it to be easily identified. Until now, more than 20 species belong to this genus, most of which are saprophytic organisms. However, there is also a group of species particularly dangerous to plants. These species include, among others, Pp. litorale, Pp. helicoides and Pp. vexans. The purpose of this work was to collect information about these organisms and present them in a condensed form. The study contains basic information about the history of the type of separation, differences in morphology distinctive genus of Phytopythium, Phytophthora and Pythium and information about diseases and host plants. Information is also provided on the potential threat posed by these organisms to forest ecosystems.

Introduction: Menopause is a complex physiological, self-perceived health condition caused by the reduction and termination of ovarian function, a process that results in a range of both psychological and physiological symptoms. The aim of this literature review was to synthesize the results of published studies on factors associated with menopausal symptoms in women during the transition to menopause and the postmenopausal period.
Methods: This systematic review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement. Primary studies published between 2007 and 2017 were identified through the following databases: PUBMED, SCOPUS, and CINAHL. In total, 3301 studies were identified and 279 were screened in full text. Of these, 54 studies were included for quality assessment using checklists from the Norwegian Institute for Public Health. A total of 22 studies were ultimately selected for inclusion in the results. These were thematically reviewed.
Results: A wide range of determinants was sorted as socio-demographic predictors, reproductive factors, clinical characteristics, behavioral, and lifestyle characteristics, and their association with the following outcomes was examined: The prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms; sexual functioning; health indicators and health behaviors; health-related quality of life; physical performance; cognitive changes and attitudes; and the prevalence and age of natural menopause.
Conclusions: The current state of knowledge regarding menopause indicates that a wide array of instruments and variables have been employed and assessed to further understanding about menopause related symptoms. This systematic review provides information on factors that should be considered in the treatment of menopause-related changes that may be bothersome for menopausal women.

Background: Fertility loss is considered as a challenging experience. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of antidepressant medication and psychological intervention on depression symptoms in women with infertility and sexual dysfunctions (SD).

In this research, the contributions of styles of attachment, irrational beliefs and psychological symptoms to
the prediction of cognitive flexibility were analysed. The sample consists of 436 students studying in various
departments and faculties in Mersin University. The Cognitive Flexibility Scale, Relationships Scale, Irrational
Beliefs Scale and Short Symptom Inventory were applied. Multiple-regression analysis and stepwise regression
analysis were used to analyse the data. According to the results of the research, it was found out that all
of the independent variables explained approximately 41% per cent of the cognitive flexibility; according to the
stepwise regression analysis, it was found out that the students’ cognitive flexibility was predicted most by the
variables of irrational beliefs, obsessive attachment and anxiety.

Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice - 13(4) • 2079-2085
©2013 Educational Consultancy and Research Center

This paper has a dual focus in that it brings together medical (mental health related) and artistic (performative) investigations. It inquires into the nineteenth century's hysterical showings that took place in the hospitals, and then examines the representations of madness in the theaters. The paper proposes that these historical events still generate potentials for a creative, embodied critique of both medical pathologization and concomitant stereotypes. The latter-the cultural stereotypes, were often historically directed towards the working-class women, minorities, and the lower, undereducated strata. Primarily, the paper aims to uncover the striking correspondences between: the collaborative, artistic labor that went into staging the scene of female madness in the romantic ballet Giselle (1841), and the labor involved in diagnosing, stimulating, and executing the symptoms of hysteria in a famous Parisian hospital. The temporal framework for the medical (psychiatric) labor is relatively long-from the 1830s to the heyday of hysteria, that is, 1870s, when the famous neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot became the director of the Salpêtrière hospital. Secondarily, the paper examines the politics of hysterical diagnosis. It juxtaposes the secular and scientific re-interpretations of female mental instability, and the traditional, religiously biased views of dancing and femininity. The paper touches upon the psychoanalytic notion of jouissance in order to interrogate the relevance of the nineteenth century's staged feminine madness for today's critical inquiry into the psychosomatic health, feminine dance performance, institutional knowledge, and power relationships within the institutions. The paper proposes that the language and methodologies of the cultural authorities of an era to a certain degree shape the movement and expression of the observed subjects, that is, that the performers and patients who in the past reproduced the expressive gestures and symptoms in the live performance and for the camera, radically transformed when interacting with the positivist medical procedures and diagnostic tools. Finally, the paper asks for a rethinking of both hysteria and staged feminine madness, and suggests the recognition of a critical dimension in the embodied labor of the nineteenth century dancers and hysterics. The paper examines the unacknowledged embodied female labor in the professional cultures of medicine, and dance in the period from the 1830s till the last decades of the nineteenth century. I

The diagnosis of mania largely depends on the quality of information the physician is provided with. Often, the patient cannot give an accurate account of the symptom development and thus information from relatives and friends is required. No systematic rating instrument is available, however, to facilitate this.
In this study, the psychometric properties of the 49-item Observer-Rated Scale for Mania (ORSM) are reported.
The scale was used in 113 inpatients and the following psychometric aspects were assessed: reliability, test-retest reliability, construct validity (factor analysis, discriminant analysis, comparison of means), extreme-group validity, prognostic validity, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values.
The ORSM proved highly valid and reliable. Factor analysis revealed three factors which were labelled euphoric mania, instable mania and psychotic mania.
The ORSM is a useful instrument to help non-professionals who are in regular contact with the patient diagnosed a manic/mixed episode. It thus complements existing rating scales for mania, which are either designed for professionals or are self-rating instruments.

as described by Suchman (1979). Not all clients progress to each stage. For example, the client who experiences a sudden heart attack is taken to the emergency department and immediately experiences stage 3 and 4, medical care contact and dependent client role. Other clients may progress through only the first two stages and then recover.

The discussion of Ascension symptoms arising as a result of accretion and absorption of the high frequency plasma light that we have been receiving is continued with particular attention on sleeplessness and tiredness. It is elucidated that the function of our mitochondria DNA being responsible for processing light has been intensified due to the accelerated bombardment of the high frequency plasmic light energies upon us, practically putting our bodies on a state of overdrive causing exhaustion. And, what is more, that this operation does not seize during the nights and while we are sleep. Actually, the majority of the process of accretion and absorption of the high frequency plasma light occurs at night and while we are supposed to be sleep, relaxed, with our conscious mind being turned off. So, instead of acquiring rest, our bodies are actually in the state of overdrive trying to accrete and absorb these lights received, leading to the activation of our dormant and atrophic Lightbody layers whose purpose is to upshift our overall natural frequency of vibration-light quotient, restructuring, re-encrypting, and recalibrating our DNA-RNA system, restoring us to the status of full Diamond Sun Oraphim Angelic Genetics, which entails having a 12D DNA Strand Crystalline Silicate-Based morphogenetics. And, all this requires efforts by our body that also represents an incompatibility between the natural frequency of consciousness vibration of our core manifestation body template and the frequencies of the incoming lights incident upon us. As a result, the body expresses its discomforts having been literally knocked our of its ‘comfort zone’ through the advent of these Ascension symptoms, ultimately to trigger our transmigrating and Ascending to the higher realms of consciousness. The outpour of high frequency plasma lights are changing the structure of matter-antimatter leading to its loss of constitution or compaction-density, at the same time introducing new elements in the periodic table. And, although a change of carbon-based to silicate-based DNA structure epitomizes de-densification, our bodies erroneously perceive this as ‘energy loss’ and densification or compaction, leading to always feeling tired, stiff, and being afflicted by a variety of pains. At the same time, the very action of accreting and absorbing higher frequencies leading to periodic upshifts in our natural frequency of vibration puts us in a state of much more alertness and awareness than usual, leading to our sleeplessness that adds to the complicated nature of the whole process. Thus, as a result, we actually feel like sleeping more during the days than nights that has its roots in the Earth’s rotational spinning and its magnetic field changing, with some areas on Earth practically ‘flipping’ their positions with respect to the Sun, leading to a sensation of confusion in our internal Cosmic Clock or circadian rhythm, practically perceiving what is night as day, and vice versa.

Hypokalemia is one of the most frequent electrolyte disorders found in clinical practice. Clinical manifestations include a wide range of signs and symptoms; hence, it can be expressed as a heterogeneous clinical picture, ranging from an asymptomatic manifestation to cardiac arrest [1]. Among these entities, uncommon illnesses do exist, and they must be kept in mind to avoid an incorrect diagnosis. One of these conditions is hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HPP), a rare disorder characterized by episodes of extreme muscle weakness that can progress to paralysis [2].

A general overview of the common Ascension Symptoms have been presented. It is elucidated that none of these Ascension Symptoms, that nevertheless constitute complications which may include feelings of pains and discomforts, are entropic that would otherwise constitute loss of energies arising as the result of pathological factors such as infections, diseases, etc. In fact, it is stressed that these symptoms are the end results or the associated side effects with regard to our bodies acclimating itself with the high frequential plasma light energies we are currently receiving whose purpose of accretion and absorption is to reactivate the dormant and atrophic layers of our lightbody leading to building our 'Crystal Light Palace,' also referred to as the 'RA center,' in our alias solar plexus area situated slightly above our naval. Yet, as our bodies are neither used to such highly potent incident frequential light energies, nor they were designed to withstand such energies (that are actually occurring as a result of acceleration of time-light deemed essential to see us finally attain Ascension after millennia of deprivation of our inherent right of consciousness expansibility as negated by the negative aliens), our bodies show their discomforts as such Ascension Allergies or Ascension Symptoms. And, this will, ultimately, culminate in crystallization of our DNA-RNA system via re-encryption and recalibration of our dark matter core manifestation body template and morphogenetics. This, in turn, will lead to the activation of our Oraphim Angelic Crystalline Silicate-based 12D Strand DNA and 6 Strand RNA system, also referred to as our Diamond Sun Body, thus restoring our full status of Christos-Sophia crystalline consciousness. In this respect, although a general overview of these persistent Ascension symptoms has been elucidated, focused attention has been paid to the case of socalled Flu-Like or Allergy-Like Ascension symptoms, leaving further details on other such persistent Ascension symptoms to be presented elsewhere, as well as comprehensive discussions on the nature of our accretion and absorption of these incoming high frequency plasma light energies giving rise to the activation of our Diamond Sun Body morphogenetics and consciousness.

Semiotics (sometimes spelled “semeiotic”) is the name first given by John Locke, and later reprised by Charles S. Peirce, for the “doctrine of signs,” or the study of how some things can stand for other things to still other things. This deliberate inquiry can be contrasted with “folk semiotic” accounts, which assume that there is some intrinsic feature about, say, the human voice or a painted board that makes them capable of signifying. Such a naive assumption does not withstand serious scrutiny. From a philosophical standpoint, what makes something a sign is an involvement in a specific sort of triadic relation. This relation is found in human/nonhuman and deliberate/nondeliberate signs alike. Semiosis, the action of signs, is what permits communication, but it is wider than communication. For example, if while in an adjacent room I smell that the turkey in the oven is ready, my pet dog can smell it too, and the turkey is not trying to “tell” us anything. But if the cook in the kitchen tells me it is ready, I receive that message, while my dog hears the sounds but is none the wiser (in contemporary semiotic parlance, my dog and I couple our Umwelten via indices, but the symbols at hand generate interpretants only in my anthroposemiosis). In spite of the fact that it has a long and distinguished history (especially during the medieval period), general inquiry into signs became an organized research program only in the mid-20th century. Today, in addition to philosophers, semiotics attracts a wide range of scholars, such as ethologists, cognitive scientists, linguists, art historians, logicians, media theorists, literary critics, computer programmers, biologists, sociologists, and so on. From a methodological standpoint, then, parochialism is not an option. The scholarly literature can nevertheless be fruitfully divided into theoretical and applied strands. Not surprisingly, most philosophers drawn to semiotic questions work in the former strand. Semiotics is not to be confused with “semiology,” a (now largely defunct) project that originated in the lectures of the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure and which was active in the 1960s, mainly in France. Semiotics, by contrast, is a vibrant tradition that continues to flourish worldwide. Although some persist in employing the term “semiotics” when discussing narrow studies that focus exclusively on cultural codes, such terminological misuse masks the fact that a study of signs is broader than a study of language. A sustained philosophy of signs, then, promises (as Locke initially surmised) to yield truly novel insights.

This paper discusses the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of lactase deficiency and the role of lactose in health, as well as presents a
compilation of the research to date. When the lactase enzyme lactase is absent or deficient, unhydrolyzed lactose remains in the intestinal lumen
and fluid is osmotically driven into the intestine, increasing the volume and fluidity of the intestinal contents, allowing undigested lactose
to enter the colon and to be fermented by colonic bacteria. The result can be cramping, flatulence, and diarrhea. However, not all individuals
with lactose malabsorption experience symptoms. The mainstay of treatment of lactose intolerance is avoidance of all lactose-containing milk and milk-containing products, but it typically is not necessary. Yogurt is an option because the lactose it contains is partially digested by the bacteria present.

An overview of the myriad forms of Ascension maladies or symptoms affecting the awakened and enlightened souls within the 3 rd dimensional Earth plane awaiting to ascend to the higher dimensions of consciousness has been explicated. It is clarified that due to the outpour of the colossal quanta of light energies bombarding Earth nowadays together with their acceleration, certain maladies are being developed and felt by sentient human beings that are mainly associated with the resulting clearing and cleansing of the soul from the stored genetic karma, as well as the consequent evolutional changes that are being experienced within the genetics-physiology of human beings. Indeed, this paper concentrates on this broad category of Ascension maladies with other symptoms being discussed in two other companion papers. It is explicated herein that, broadly speaking, such maladies may be classified as extreme random deep aches and pains that appear and then disappear within diverse parts of the body that can culminate in overstress, anxiety, restlessness and fear, as well as extreme tiredness and fatigue, lethargy, craving for more sleep, drastic changes in night time dreaming, diarrhea or stomach problems, sensation of heart problems, outbreak of rashes and hives, etc.

An overview of the Ascension maladies or symptoms arising from clearing-cleansing from genetic karma and evolutional changes, as well as due to periodic upsurges in natural frequency of vibration that include heightened sense of awareness and apparent conscious vibrational episodes in the higher dimensions of consciousness, were presented in two companion papers. This paper concentrates on additional maladies that include symptoms of low-blood sugar; unprecedented craving for protein; food related issues; intolerance to low-consciousness and irritability with others; changes in habits and life interests; growing isolated from old friends, family members and people in general; desire to be alone; sudden feelings of loneliness; depression; and feeling emotional in an unprecedented way. It is explicated that consciousness expansion is an essential ingredient of the Principle of Syntropy Production rate that institutes ORDER within the Cosmos, ensuring its longevity. Furthermore, the Ascension symptoms and maladies are quite real that although at first appear to be discomforting and require a certain degree of resolve, perseverance, and positive attitude to be tolerated, they do not constitute any physical, mental or psychological disease whatsoever. In contrast, they represent growing pains and certain discomforts as we learn to adjust to our new genetic-consciousness condition. For start, the same maladies never last long. And, also, you are not alone in all this. Clearly, our genetics is changing. Simply, we are evolving, and doing this at an extraordinary rate. Negative energies have been building up for millennia stored WITHIN our souls. These have been cast aside so we could function, only to be dealt with at a later time in life. And, that time is now. It is time to have these genetic imprints purged from our emotional body forever. Thus, these Ascension maladies do not represent misfortunes, but blessings. As a result of clearing and cleansing, now our bodies are going through an eruption of frequential energies that were dormant within us before. As a result, these sensations or feelings are now incomprehensible by our physical bodies, thus feeling pains and discomforts while we clear these energetic blockages. Think of it as a rebooting process, one that at the core level, your body is intimately aware of, and indeed, is craving for. And, the best way to handle them is to go WITHIN and get attuned with your HIGHERSELF and cooperate and ‘go with the flow’ so the appropriate changes that are occurring within our physiognomy and consciousness are smoothly accommodated. Rest assured that you are very much watched over. And, if you feel overwhelmed by the gravity of the changes that are set to occur and cannot adapt to them readily, ask your HIGHERSELF to make things easier on you, diminishing the high intensity energies that are impacting you. Then, sit back and watch the miraculous results that would be transpiring. Remember that the whole endeavor requires a faithful resolute intent, and that doubt is destructive as it severs your ties with your HIGHERSELF, who streams the Light of consciousness and your programs of reality upon you.

An overview of the Ascension maladies or symptoms arising from periodic upsurges in natural frequency of vibration that include heightened sense of awareness as well as apparent conscious vibrational episodes in the higher dimensions of consciousness has been explicated. Indeed, this paper concentrates on this broad range of Ascension maladies with other symptoms having been deferred to be discussed in two other companion papers. It is explicated herein that, broadly speaking, these maladies being associated with the aforementioned causes may be classified as awakening at night between 2-4 a.m. (the 3 O' clock syndrome), constant sensations of humming, statics, and ringing in the ears, constant awareness of heart beating or palpitations, changes in vision, episodic periods of feeling either too hot or too cold, loss of self-identity, feelings of not belonging here, disorientation, dizziness or even vertigo, out of body sensations, and instantaneous laps of memory.

Objective: Problematic Internet use (PIU) and its relation to psychopathology is an emergent but disputed issue in literature. In the current study, we explored the relationship between psychiatric symptoms, dissociative processes, adult attachment styles and PIU. Method: A community sample of 261 adults completed self-report questionnaires assessing Internet addiction symptoms (Internet Addiction Test – IAT), psychiatric symptoms (Symptom Checklist-90 Revised, SCL-90-R), dissociation (Dissociative Experiences Scale-II, DES-II), and adult attachment styles (Relationship Questionnaire, RQ). Socio-demographic data were also collected. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the role of the hypothesized predictors on PIU. Results: Attachment styles did not predict PIU, which was predicted instead by male gender, dissociative experiences and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Adult attachment styles may be not sufficent in explaining PIU when psychiatric symptoms and dissociative processes are taken into account. This is in line with previous research suggesting that negative affectivity and dissociation are more strictly related to the development and maintenance of the condition, especially among males.

Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality disorder (PD) counts have demonstrated significant convergent and discriminant validity with DSM-IV PD symptoms. However, these FFM PD counts are of limited clinical use without normative data because it is difficult to determine what a specific score means with regard to the relative level of elevation. The current study presents data from three large normative samples that can be used as norms for the FFM PD counts in the respective countries: United States (N = 1,000), France (N = 801), and Belgium-Netherlands (N = 549). The present study also examines the performance, with regard to diagnostic efficiency, of statistically-defined cut-offs at 1.5 standard deviations above the mean (T > or = 65) versus previously identified cut-offs using receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) analyses. These cut-offs are tested in three clinical samples-one from each of the aforementioned countries. In general, the T > or = 65 cut-offs performed similarly to those identified using ROC analyses and manifested properties relevant to a screening instrument. These normative data allow FFM data to be used in a flexible and comprehensive manner, which may include scoring this type of personality data in order to screen for DSM-IV PD constructs.

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is one of the main important commercial crops, mainly grown in tropical and subtropical countries in the world, because these areas provide suitable conditions for obtaining the best yield and productivity. Sugarcane is affected by many pathogens such as fungi, bacterial and viral diseases and fungal diseases are increasingly being affected internationally, affecting the quantity and/or quality of harvested crops. Among the fungal diseases, pokkah boeng have become the main problems faced by sugarcane growing countries, causing serious yield losses. However, there are many reports of an outbreak of the disease, which looks spectacular, but it caused trade and industrial losses. In this review we highlight the importance of sugarcane and the symptoms of the Pokkah Boeng disease tend to develop during period of rapid crop growth.

The menopause is a transitional phase in women's life.The level of oestrogen is decreased ,because of which a variety of symptoms such as hot flushes, mucosal dryness, excessive sweating, emotional fluctuations, psychoses, decreased strength and calcification of bones occurs. Attitudes, perception and expectations are part of the psychosocial phenomenon surrounding menopause. Natural menopause is diagnosed after 12 months of amenorrhoea not associated with a pathological cause. Menopause is a gradual process that lasts for about 2 years, called climacteric. It is normal and should not be taken as a disease or syndrome. The aim of this study was to find out the knowledge and experience of menopausal symptoms among women who had attained menopause. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during Jan-Feb in 2010 in the rural areas of Jawan, Aligarh. The study population comprised of women (40-60 years) who had attained menopause. The women with a history of surgical menopause (i.e. history of surgical removal of both the ovaries with or without hysterectomy) were excluded from the study.A total of 100 females were taken. Informed consent was taken from each participant. Questionnaires were prepared for the study. Data was collected and analysed using SPSS software. Results Most of the females under study reported complaint of backache, followed by complaint of body ache. This was followed by history of hot flushes and night sweats in most of them. About half of females gave complaint of insomnia and loss of memory. Most of females under study knew that menopause is a natural process.53% of females were happy about menstrual cessation but 47% were worried about it. Only 2% of females under study had heard about HRT. Before attaining menopause, 73% of females under study were aware about the age of menopause and 23% were aware about few menopausal symptoms. Conclusion Knowledge, attitude and menopausal symptoms in studied population were not very different from other studies reported within the country and abroad. Medical care providers should be encouraged to educate women about menopause, its symptoms, consequences and treatment options. There should be menopause clinics in the health centres.

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has created much inconvenience and fear that the virus can seriously affect humans, causing health hazards and death. This pandemic has created much worry and as per the report by World Health Organization (WHO), more than 43 million individuals in 215 countries and territories were affected. People around the world are still struggling to overcome the problems associated with this pandemic. Of all the available methods, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been widely practiced for the pandemic detection even though several diagnostic tools are available having varying accuracy and sensitivity. The method offers many advantages making it a life-saving tool, but the method has the limitation of transporting to the nearest pathology lab, thus limiting its application in resource limited settings. This has a risen a crucial need for point-of-care devices for on-site detection. In this venture, biosensors have been used, since they can be applied immediately at the point-of-care. This review will discuss about the available diagnostic methods and biosensors for COVID-19 detection.

Il percorso didattico qui proposto si incentra su due strumenti concettuali della medicina greca come la proporzione matematica (analogia) e il segno/sintomo (tekmerion, semeion) e la loro ripresa in Aristotele, inoltre si avrà modo di mostrare come la medicina fosse assieme alla matematica il modello principale della conoscenza nella riflessione epistemologica aristotelica leggendo brevi passi rispettivamente da Analitici Secondi II.19 e da Metafisica I.1.
A livello di competenze, oltre all'approfondimento culturale di temi come l'inferenza e la scienza nel mondo greco, si mirerà a rendere consapevoli della possibilità di utilizzare uno strumento matematico, solitamente applicato a numeri e figure, anche alle parole. Il percorso didattico offrirà solo i rudimenti di tale competenza, che tuttavia favorisce sia l'apprendimento che le capacità inferenziali e concettuali tanto nella ricerca quanto nella diagnostica

El presente trabajo propone un análisis de varios fragmentos de Dolor y Gloria (Almodóvar, 2019) con la metodología del análisis textual a fin de deletrear lo referido al síntoma mayor del personaje: el atragantamiento. Este trabajo pretende dar cuenta del carácter regresivo del film y su relación con los numerosos flashbacks (en total, más de un 30% del metraje). El cuerpo del protagonista aparece convertido en síntoma, incapacitándole para amar y trabajar. A lo largo del análisis se estudia la conflictiva del protagonista para desear y sus esfuerzos para elaborar la muerte de la madre. Se traza una comparativa entre Bringing up Baby (Howard Hawks, 1938) y Dolor y Gloria a partir del análisis de la primera propuesto por González Requena donde explica la utilización de dos operadores textuales recurrentes en la filmografía almodovariana: el hueso y el tigre. El punto de llegada será el deletreo del primer deseo de Salvador Mallo, alter ego del director, Pedro Almodóvar. La principal aportación consiste en la identificación de cierto atragantamiento de lo femenino y lo materno en los personajes masculinos de la filmografía de Almodóvar; más concretamente, en el film Dolor y Gloria.

In today's world cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. The disease strikes a person so quickly that they do not receive treatment. Properly diagnosing patients is therefore a daunting task for medical professionals. Misdiagnosis by a hospital leads to a bad reputation and a loss of dignity. At the same time the treatment of this disease is very high and not very expensive for patients especially in India. The purpose of this paper is to improve the cost-effective treatment using data mining technology to simplify the decision support system. Almost all hospitals use a certain hospital management system to manage the health care of patients. Unfortunately most programs do not usually use large clinical data where important information is hidden. As these systems generate a large amount of data in various forms but this data is rarely visited and remains unused. Therefore, in this process much effort is required to make wise decisions. Diagnosing the disease using a variety of features or symptoms is a daunting task. This paper uses various data mining techniques in an effort to help diagnose the disease in question.

A 12-year old boy presented with a 2 months history of an itchy eruption over the extremities. The patient complained of a cyclic course with exacerbation in winter. There was no history of asthma, rhinitis or atopic dermatitis. Examination revealed grouped follicular papules forming discoid patches (Fig 1) predominantly over the extensor aspect of forearms and legs. The papules were skin colored, dome shaped and topped with pityriasiform scale. There was associated generalized xerosis. Skin biopsy showed spongiotic dermatitis localised to the upper portion of hair follicle. The patient was given a midpotent steroid with emollient with complete resolution of the lesion in three weeks. This condition is appropriately called follicular eczema as the biopsy shows spongiosis while the morphology shows follicular lesions.

Related Guidelines -
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230656566_Follicular_Eczema_A_Commonly_Misdiagnosed_Dermatosis
http://eknygos.lsmuni.lt/springer/182/74-83.pdf

Further Reading :- https://eczemaliving.com/follicular-eczema/

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by central nervous system (CNS) lesions that can lead to severe physical or cognitive disability as well as neurological defects. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of MS remains unclear, the present documents illustrate that the cause of MS is multifacto-rial and include genetic predisposition together with environmental factors such as exposure to infectious agents, vitamin deficiencies, and smoking. These agents are able to trigger a cascade of events in the immune system which lead to neuronal cell death accompanied by nerve demyelination and neuronal dysfunction. Conventional therapies for MS are based on the use of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs, but these treatments are not able to stop the destruction of nerve tissue. Thus, other strategies such as stem cell transplantation have been proposed for the treatment of MS. Overall, it is important that neurologists be aware of current information regarding the pathogenesis, etiology, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of MS. Thus, this issue has been discussed according to recent available information.

Drawing on ethnographic and survey research conducted by the author in a general population sample in mainland China, this article presents findings on Chinese women’s midlife symptom reporting in comparison with pivotal studies conducted by Lock, Kaufert, and McKinlay in Japan, Canada, and the U.S. Analysis of the China survey data (N = 156 women, age 45–55) reveals for sixteen core symptoms a reporting frequency that is much lower than depicted in classic biomedical models of menopause. At the same time, however, the China data indicates problems with the popular extrapolation that midlife Asian women are virtually symptom-free compared to their North American peers. Finding the Chinese level of symptom-reporting low to moderate depending on the symptom, the article reveals important differences between Chinese and Japanese women in their level and pattern of symptom reporting, as well as substantial overlap with North American women in this regard. Referencing ethnographic materials on Chinese women and the cross-cultural literature on menopause, the article assesses potential explanations for the cross-cultural variation observed, including: local reproductive endocrinology, phytoestrogen consumption, aspects of East Asian culture, the nature of social change, the cultural acceptability of monitoring and voicing symptoms, and differences in dominant conceptions of midlife.