Compilation

Les recueils de « rencontres », « reparties » et « apophtegmes » du roi de France Henri IV compilés entre les années 1580 et 1660 témoignent de la réputation de rex facetus attachée au premier Bourbon. Cette communication entend replacer ces collections dans l’histoire des pratiques de compilation et l’histoire des usages (notamment politiques et mémoriels) des paroles mémorables du prince à la Renaissance et au Grand siècle. Une césure est repérable dans la documentation autour des années 1620-1630. Jusque-là, la circulation des bons mots du prince était essentiellement orale et manuscrite, comme l’attestent les Journaux-registres de Pierre de l’Estoile. Ce dernier compile sur le vif les saillies du roi dans une démarche militante, qui témoigne de sa sensibilité royaliste et anti-ligueuse. Après la mort du prince, la publication de chroniques donne accès aux « particularités » du règne à un public élargi : une nouvelle génération de compilateurs utilise ces sources imprimées pour recueillir et rassembler les bons mots du prince. Les témoignages documentaires sont nombreux entre 1620 et 1660, et l’on observe une diversification des fonctions attribuées aux recueils : selon les cas, il s’agit de divertir et chasser la mélancolie, enseigner une langue étrangère, célébrer la mémoire et les vertus du roi défunt, instruire et édifier le prince, ou encore nourrir une honnête curiosité pour les particularités de l’histoire de France et de ses grands hommes. Ainsi, un même objet documentaire (le recueil de bons mots), issu de méthodes de compilation similaires, peut remplir des fonctions variées en fonction du medium utilisé (manuscrit ou imprimé), du public visé et de l’objectif assigné au recueil.

Background & objectives: India witnessed a massive second surge of COVID-19 cases since March 2021 after a period of decline from September 2020. Data collected under the National Clinical Registry for COVID-19 (NCRC) were analysed to describe the differences in demographic and clinical features of COVID-19 patients recruited during these two successive waves. Methods: The NCRC, launched in September 2020, is an ongoing multicentre observational initiative, which provided the platform for the current investigation. Demographic, clinical, treatment and outcome data of hospitalized, confirmed COVID-19 patients were captured in an electronic data portal from 41 hospitals across India. Patients enrolled during September 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021 and February 1 to May 11, 2021 constituted participants of the two successive waves, respectively. Results: As on May 11, 2021, 18961 individuals were recruited in the registry, 12059 and 6903 reflecting in-patients from the first and second waves, respectively. Mean age of the patients was significantly lower in the second wave [48.7 (18.1) yr vs. 50.7 (18.0) yr, P<0.001] with higher proportion of patients in the younger age group intervals of <20, and 20-39 yr. Approximately 70 per cent of the admitted patients were ≥ 40 yr of age in both waves of the pandemic. The proportion of males were slightly lower in second wave as compared to the first [4400 (63.7%) vs. 7886 (65.4%), P=0.02]. Commonest presenting symptom was fever in both waves. In the second wave, a significantly higher proportion [2625 (48.6%) vs. 4420 (42.8%), P<0.003] complained of shortness of breath, developed ARDS [422(13%) vs. 880 (7.9%), P<0.001], required supplemental oxygen [1637 (50.3%) vs. 4771 (42.7%), P<0.001], and mechanical ventilation [260 (15.9%) vs. 530 (11.1%), P<0.001]. Mortality also significantly increased in the second wave [OR: 1.35 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.52)] in all age groups except in <20 yr. Interpretation & conclusions: The second wave of COVID-19 in India was slightly different in presentation than the first wave, with a younger demography, lesser comorbidities, and presentation with breathlessness in greater frequency.

Analytic expressions fitted to cross section data on collisions of H+, H+2, H3+, H, H2, and H− with H2 are given. The data used are those recommended by Phelps [J. Chem. Phys. Ref. Data 19, 653 (1990)] and additional experimental data, when available, up to a projectile energy of about 100 keV, including new kinds of reactions not treated by Phelps. The analytic expressions are of the semiempirical functional forms proposed by Green and McNeal [J. Geophys. Res. 76, 133 (1971)] and modifications of these, thus making it possible not only to interpolate but also to extrapolate the data to some extent.

Compiler compilers are in widespread use, but decompiler compilers are a more novel concept. This paper presents an approach for the decompilation of object code back to source code using a decompiler generator. An example decompilation is presented. Potential applications include reverse engineering, quality assessment, debugging and safety-critical code validation or verification.

ÖZET Klâsik Türk edebiyatı sahasındaki araştırmaların 2000'li yılların başından itibaren muhteva bakımından çeşitlenmeye başlamasından sonra, bu edebiyatın önemli bir parçasını teşkil ettiği hâlde uzun bir dönem hak ettiği değeri görmeyen şiir mecmûaları da daha sık olarak akademik çalışmalara konu olmuştur. Gecikmeli olarak artmaya başlasa da bu çalışmalar sayesinde, birçok yazma eser kütüphanesinde yüzlerce örneği bulunan şiir mecmûalarının edebiyat tarihi araştırmalarına sağladığı katkılar fark edilebilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, son 10-15 yıllık bir süre içinde artan mecmûa eksenli çalışmaların arzulanan düzeyden çok uzak olduğu ve şiir mecmûaları konusunda katedilecek daha çok mesafenin bulunduğu da kabul edilen bir gerçektir. Bu bağlamda, şiir mecmûalarının sağlam bir bibliyografyası hazırlanarak içerdikleri şiir ve şairlerin dökümü yapılmadığı gibi nispeten daha öncelikli olarak araştırmalara konu olan nazîre ve nu'ût mecmûaları gibi bir veya birden fazla ortak paydaya sahip şiir mecmûaları da aynı kadere mahkûm edilmiştir. Genel olarak mecmûalar özel olarak da şiir mecmûalarını tasnife çalışan kimi araştırmalarda, şiir mecmûalarının ne gibi ortaklıklar gözetilerek oluşturulduğu noktasında önemli bilgiler bulunmakla birlikte bu konunun tam olarak halledildiği söylenemez. Belli bir ortaklığın dikkate alınarak oluşturulduğu şiir mecmûaları konusunda katkı yapması arzulanan bu makalede; XVI. yüzyılda derlendiği düşünülen bir örneğinden hareketle daha evvel üzerinde fazla durulmayan musammat nazım biçimlerindeki şiirleri bir araya getirmeyi gaye edinen musammat mecmûaları üzerinde durulmuştur. Makalede öncelikle şiir mecmûalarının tasnifi üzerinde durulup bu makaleye konu olan mecmûaya benzer birkaç musammat mecmûası tanıtılmıştır. Daha sonra musammat nazım biçimlerini bir araya getiren bir mecmûa örneği olarak çalışmamıza konu olan mecmûaya geçilmiştir. Öncelikle mecmûanın genel özellikleri hakkında bilgiler verildikten sonra tablolar eşliğinde mecmûada bulunan şiirlerin dökümü yapılmıştır. Ayrıca mecmûada yer alan her bir nazım biçiminin örnekleri üzerinde durularak ortaya çıkan sonuçlar, mevcut musammat nazım biçimleri hakkındaki araştımaların sonuçlarıyla karşılaştılmıştır. Makalenin sonunda, ele alınan mecmûadaki şiirlerin kimi özelliklerini gösteren bir tablo ile mecmûada yer alıp daha evvel yayımlanmamış şiirlerden seçmeler ek olarak yerini almıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: şiir mecmûaları, musammat mecmûaları, XVI. yüzyıl klâsik Türk şiiri.

Ülkemiz coğrafyasında özellikle kent yaşantısının ve sosyal hakların henüz etkisini göstermediği kadının sosyo-ekonomik özgürlüklere ve özerkliklere tam anlamıyla ulaşamadığı bölgelerde bir yanda erkek egemen ataerkil yapının hakimiyeti devam ederken diğer taraftan kadın birey olarak toplumda kendisine düşen ya da verilen görevleri yerine getirme çabasındadır.
Kültür taşıyıcısı olarak kadının kültürleşme sürecindeki otantikliği ve sadeliği yani başka bir deyişle başka kültürlerden etkilenme ihtimalinin erkeğe göre çok daha az oluşu kültüre ait öğelerin derlenmesinde kadını daha kıymetli ve aranılır kılmaktadır. Çünkü erkek birey; iş için, ekmek için, ihtiyaç için, askerlik için ve hatta macera için gurbeti yaşamakta ve bu süreçte de birçok farklı kültür etkisini almakta ve aktarmaktadır. Ancak kadının evini yurdunu bekleyen anlayışı ve konumu kültür yaşantısı ve aktarıcısı olarak onu daha el değmemiş ve nadide yapmaktadır.
Diğer taraftan derleme sahasında özellikle ve öncelikle kadınlardan derlenmesi gereken kadın ağzı türkülerin önemi tartışılmazdır. Ağıtlar, ninniler, gelin ağlatmaları ya da kına havaları, kadın oyun havaları özellikle kadınlar tarafından yakı lan ve seslendirilen ezgilerdir. Dolayısıyla bu türdeki halk müziği örnekleri mutlaka kadın kaynak kişilerden dinlenmeli ve derlenmelidir.
Bu açıklamalar ışığında türkü derleme çalışmaları sırasında kaynak kişi olarak kadınlardan faydalanılmış olması, kayıt altına alınacak ya da alınmış türkünün değerini daha da arttırmaktadır. Çalışma bu durumun vurgusu yoluyla kadın kaynak kişilerin önemini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem olarak ise derleme çalışmalarında karşılaşılan olay ve durumları aktaran kitap, anı ve derleme notları ile kadının toplumdaki sosyo-ekonomik durumunu dile getiren kaynakların taranması yolu izlenmiştir.
The women are in effort to implement their personal or social responsibilities, at the regions in which especially rural living and social rights has not affection in our country geography on the other hand while male dominant patriarchal structure is continuing.
The authenticity and pureness of women as culture transporter within acculturation peri od in another mean being affected from other cultures possibility is very less than men make the women more valuable and wanted while compilation of culture elements. Because men individuals get many kinds of culture effect and transfer while living in foreign country for job, getting maintenance, military service, even adventure. But, the women's waiting her home understanding and position, culture life and transformer make them very valuable, rare and more maiden.
On the other hand, in the compilation area, the importance of especially and primarily women saying songs compilation is inarguable. Coronach, lullaby, bride henna night songs, women belly dance music are singed especially by women. So the samples in this folk music must be song by women and listened from the women.
Under light of those explanations, benefiting from women as source person during folk song compilation studies increases the value of folk songs that will be recorded or was recorded. The study aims to set forth importance of women source people through emphasizing this case. As method scanning the events, cases, books, memory, compilation notes and sources which men ti ons socio-economical cases of women in the society has been followed.

Sözlü gelenek içerisinde doğarak zamanla yazılı kültür içerisinde de kendine yer bulan fıkra türü, güldürürken düşündürmesi, kısa ancak yoğun mesajlar içermesi, sosyal ve kültürel yapıyı yansıtması, evrensel nitelikler barındırması gibi nedenlerle halk edebiyatı ürünleri arasında oldukça önemli bir konuma sahiptir. Fıkralar, içerisinde doğup geliştikleri toplumların izlerini barındırırlar. Pek çok fıkra mahalli tipler üzerine kurulmuş olup, yöreye ait kültürel unsurları yansıtır. Giresun ilinin Çaldağ beldesine bağlı köylerinden biri olan Melikli yöresinde anlatılan fıkralara da yöre halkının saflığı net bir şekilde yansımıştır. Bu fıkraların çoğunda, mizahın yanında düşündürme işlevinin de yerine getirildiği görülmektedir. Melikli’de anlatılan fıkralar genel olarak yöre halkının akıl danıştığı Ali Fakkı üzerinden ilerler. Mahalli fıkralara dair daha önce yapılmış çalışmalardan anlaşıldığına göre, çeşitli isim, mekân ve zaman değişiklikleri görülmekle beraber, Melikli fıkraları ile olay örgüsü, motif, tip bakımından benzer anlatılar Adana-Karatepe’de ve Alman halkı arasında kayıt altına alınmıştır. Ayrıca Melikli fıkralarının neredeyse tamamında karşılaştığımız Ali Fakkı tipi ile Türk fıkralarının önemli tiplerinden birisi olan Karakuş Kadı arasında da verdikleri kararlar bakımından benzerlikler bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Giresun’da saflıkları, olaylara karşı ilginç bakış açıları, gariplikleri ile ön plana çıkmış olan Meliklililer hakkında anlatılan 8 fıkra aktarılacaktır. Fıkraların çoğunluğunda adı geçen “Ali Fakkı” tipi hakkında bilgi verilecek, fıkralar arasındaki benzerlikler ortaya konulacak ve mizah teorileri kapsamında incelenecektir. Ayrıca Adana’nın Karatepe yöresinde ve Alman halkı arasında çeşitli araştırmacılar tarafından tespit edilmiş olan olay örgüsü bakımından benzerleri karşılaştırılacaktır.

Top-down (LL) context-sensitive parsers with integrated synthesis and use of attributes are easy to expressin functional programming languages, but the elegant functional programming model can also serve as an exact prototype for a more efficient implementation of the technology in ANSI C. The result is a compiler-compiler that takes unlimited lookahead and backtracking, the extended BNF notation, and parameterized grammars with (higher-order) meta-parameters to the world of C programming. This article reports on the utility in question three years after public release. Precc generates standard ANSI C and is ‘plug compatible’ with lex-generated lexical analyzers prepared for the UNIX yacc compiler-compiler. In contrast to yacc, however, the generated code is modular, which allows parts of scripts to be compiled separately and linked together incrementally. The constructed code is relatively efficient, as is demonstrated by the example Occam parser treated in depth here, but the main advantages we claim are ease of use, separation of specification and implementation concerns, and maintainability.

Keywords: compiler-compiler; parsers; yacc; infinite-lookahead; top-down parsing; grammars; Occam

The article focuses on the patterns of thinking about The Przemyśl Meditation, repeated in far-reaching
scientific and popular-science compendia. In the canonical image of The Przemyśl Meditation, there is
a popular belief that it is a text with low artistic value. It is characterised by simple, everyday language,
mostly in the layer of vocabulary. Its syntax is imprecise and chaotic. It is also believed that the text was
created by mechanically assembling and combining ready-made elements, without any transformations. It is, therefore, a complete "summa of everything". In the past few years, numerous works have been published (mainly in linguistics), whose conclusions stand in radical opposition to the abovementioned, persistently repeated beliefs. These conclusions, however, fail to be noticed and included on the level of lexicons and textbooks. The canon remains unchanged. In reality, The Przemyśl Meditation is not an attempt at a faithful translation. Neither is is a summa; it was not created through mechanical combination of its elements. The selection of contents and language is conscious and purposeful, while The Przemyśl Meditation itself, in the preserved version, is a copy, which makes it a multilayered text by its very nature.

ProCoS aims to improve dependability, reduce timescales and cut development costs of construction for embedded systems, particularly in real-time and safety-critical applications. It uses and develops the results of basic research into fundamental properties of interactive systems. It aims to provide a scientific basis for future standards of practice in the development of embedded systems, ensuring correctness of all stages in the development, from elicitation and analysis of requirements through design and implementation of programs down
to compilation and execution on verified hardware.

Compiler compilers are in widespread use, but decompiler compilers are a more novel concept. This paper presents an approach for the decompilation of object code back to source code using a decompiler generator. An example decompilation is presented. Potential applications include reverse engineering, quality assessment, debugging and safety-critical code validation or verification.

While most English texts set by Handel are metrical poetry, a few anthem and oratorio librettos, including Messiah, comprise direct quotations from  English versions  of the Bible devoid of metre. Such texts are traditionally viewed as prose, but I argue that they are poems, organised by the systematic use of rhetorical parallelism. This paper explores the impact of parallelism on Handel's vocal writing and examines the ways in which he realised or subverted it. Since parallelism is a type of repetition, I argue that the repeating of words and textual phrases is an expressive and rhetorical device and that parallelism is a lens through which to understand the word-patterns that emerge from Handelian song. And since parallelism often involves sameness of meaning, I suggest that its treatment represents an interpretative decision,  making the study of that treatment a useful hermeneutic tool for musicologists.

Cross section data in the energy range above 1 eV have been critically evaluated for electron impact collision processes involving the impurity species (CO, CO2, and H2O) most relevant to low-temperature plasmas. A short review of the cross section measurements is given for each collision process. The literature has been surveyed up to December 1999. Analytic fits to the recommended cross sections are also presented.

The bibliographic descriptions and abstracts of Tatsuo Tabata’s papers, published in the years from 1959 to 2016 and collected at SAO/NASA ADS, were retrieved and edited in a list by applying corrections and modifications. The research fields of the publications can be classified into atomic collisions, electron-beam physics, measurement and use of radiation, nuclear physics, radiation effects, solid state physics, and other. The total number of publications in the list is 84 (3 notes published of errors in papers are included). Links to postprints and free sources were added to the list.​

ProCoS aims to improve dependability, reduce timescales and cut development costs of construction for embedded systems, particularly in real-time and safety-critical applications. It uses and develops the results of basic research into fundamental properties of interactive systems. It aims to provide a scientific basis for future standards of practice in the development of embedded systems, ensuring correctness of all stages in the development, from elicitation and analysis of requirements through design and implementation of ...

A study of 14th century manuscripts of the Roman de la Rose, with an extended look at Paris, BnF, 12786, one of only two extant manuscripts that give evidence of the single diffusion of Guillaume de Lorris's part of the Rose (the other one is Paris, BnF, fr. 1573). I argue that the compiler wanted to extend Guillaume's section by compiling it with 12 other texts that "complete" it in much the same way as had Jean de Meun. The article also contains reflections on the process of compilation in general.

Computer architectures become more and more complex. It requires more effort to develop techniques that improve the programs of performance and allow to exploit material resources efficiently. As a result, many transformations are applied on various levels of code abstraction. The first level is the high level, where the representation is close to the high level language. The second one is the low level, where the presentation is close to the machine code. Those transformations are called code optimizations. Optimizing programs requires deep expertise. On one hand, it is a tedious task, because it requires a lot of tests to find out the best combination of optimizations to apply with their best factors. On the other hand, this task is critical, because it may degrade the performance of the program instead of improving it. The automatization of this task can deal with this problem and permit to obtain good results. Our end of study project consists on proposing a novel approach based on neural networks to automatically optimize loops in Tiramisu. Tiramisu is a new language to create a code of high performance. It allows to separate between the algorithm and its optimizations. We have chosen loop unrolling as a study case. Our contribution aims to automate the choice of the best loop unrolling factor for a program written in Tiramisu.

While a compiler produces low-level object code from high-level source code, a decompiler produces high-level code from low-level code and has applications in the testing and validation of safety-critical software. The decompilation of an object code provides an independent demonstration of correctness that is hard to better for industrial purposes (an alternative is to prove the compiler correct). But, although compiler compilers are in common use in the software industry, a decompiler compiler is much more unusual.It turns out that a data type specification for a programming-language grammar can be remolded into a functional program that enumerates all of the abstract syntax trees of the grammar. This observation is the springboard for a general method for compiling decompilers from the specifications of (non-optimizing) compilers.This paper deals with methods and theory, together with an application of the technique. The correctness of a decompiler generated from a simple occam-like compiler specification is demonstrated. The basic problem of enumerating the syntax trees of grammars, and then stopping, is shown to have no recursive solution, but methods of abstract interpretation can be used to guarantee the adequacy and completeness of our technique in practical instances, including the decompiler for the language presented here.

This chapter presents a provably correct compilation scheme that converts a program into a network of abstract components that interact with each other by exchanging request and acknowledgement signals. We provide a systematic and modular
technique for correctly realizing the abstract components in
hardware device, and use a standard programming language to
describe both algorithms and circuits. The resulting circuitry, which behaves according to the program, has the same structure as the program. The circuit logic is asynchronous, with no global clock.

This paper generalizes an algebraic method for the design of a correct compiler to tackle specification and verification of an optimized compiler. The main optimization issues of concern here include the use of existing contents of registers where possible and the identification of common expressions. A register table is
introduced in the compiling specification predicates to map each register to an expression whose value is held by it. We define different kinds of predicates to specify compilation of programs, expressions and Boolean tests. A set of theorems relating to these predicates, acting as a correct compiling specification, are presented and an example proof within the refinement algebra of the programming language is given. Based on these theorems, a prototype compiler in Prolog is produced.

Keywords: Program compilation; Code optimization; Formal verication; Refinement algebra; Logic programming

A compiler may be specied by a description of how each construct of the source language is translated into a sequence of object code instructions. It is possible to produce a compiler prototype almost directly from this specification in the form of a logic program. This defines a relation between allowed high-level and low-level program constructs. Normally a high-level program is supplied as input to a compiler and object code is returned. Because of the declarative nature of a logic program,
it is possible for the object code to be supplied and the allowed high-level programs returned, resulting in a decompiler, provided enough information is available in the object code. This paper discusses the problems of adopting such an approach in
practice. A simple compiler and decompiler are presented in full as an example in the logic programming language Prolog, together with some sample output. The possible benefits of using constraint logic programming are also considered. Potential applications include reverse engineering in the software maintenance process, verification of safety-critical object code, quality assessment of code and program debugging tools.

Keywords: Reverse Engineering, Decompilation, Logic Programming, Prolog, Compiler Prototyping, Constraint Logic Programming

The goal of the Provably Correct Systems project (ProCoS) is to develop a mathematical basis for development of embedded, real-time, computer systems. This survey paper introduces novel speci fication languages and veri fication techniques for four levels of development: Requirements defi nition and design; Program speci fications and their transformation to parallel programs; Compilation of programs to hardware; and Compilation of real-time programs to conventional processors.

Cross sections for 138 processes in collisions of electrons with hydrocarbons, based on available literature sources, are critically compiled. The literature has been surveyed up to September 2000. A short comment is given for each measurement. The recommended data sets are presented in separate graphs for each process. Analytic fits to the recommended cross sections are also presented.

Compilation of religious musical works is a survey that needs to be implemented promptly. In order to carry out such a survey, a connection is to be established between the last representatives of a great civilization and the modern members of the same society. To forge a link between these two groups of people is an incumbent upon the people of today.  If we cannot derive the musical culture from the last representatives of this great civilization this musical and cultural heritage will be lost forever. In this respect source persons are of great importance in this process. They preseve the heritage in their memories. Other cultural assets such as; mosques, bridges and books can be restored decades later whereas the oral tradition and musical culture living in the memories of source persons gets lost in such a time. The lifetime of source persons comes out as a significant criteria in the urgency and importance of the issue. As a result, collection of oral tradition and musical culture has a higher ranking of importance among the other cultural assets beforementioned. In this study rules and methods of compiling religious musical works will be examined.

The study completes the compilation of the questionnaire on Chinese undergraduates’ moral values from six moral values dimensions: honesty and compliance, civility and self-discipline, love, unity and be helpful, esteem and filial respect. The questionnaire has 31 questions in all, taking advantage of Likert scale. Using this scale, its alpha reliability reach 0.887 with clear internal structure. The validity is well and the model fitting index accords with statistical measurement, which covers the shortage of empirical study on Chinese undergraduate students’ moral values. The measurement, which focused undergraduate moral values, is compiled by a total of 768 valid samples from 6 colleges. Measurement results show that there are sequences of orientation on Chinese undergraduates’ moral values approval, and the order is: Honesty and compliance, civility and discipline, filial respect unity and be helpful, love and esteem; while gender differences do exist. The male undergraduates’ identity level of honesty and compliance, civility and self-discipline, love, and filial respect ranks higher than that of female undergraduates; however, the differences, between male and female undergraduates, on unity and being helpful, as well as esteem are not significant.

Résumé de la thèse de doctorat soutenue le 1er avril 2019 à l'université de Lausanne.
Membres du jury: Catherine Croizy-Naquet, Estelle Doudet, Jean-Claude Mühlethaler, Michelle Szkilnik, Jean-Yves Tilliette.
Experte externe: Catherine Gaullier-Bougassas

This paper centers on the possibility of a textual relation between the tenth-century Excerpta Anonymi and the Constantinian Excerpts (CE). The two collections of excerpts should be seen within the context of the culture of sylloge. They share significant similarities in terms of content, format and methodology. Andreas Nemeth has proved in his dissertation on the CE that draft copies were written before the final copies of the CE. The hypothesis is advanced that the anonymous compiler of the Excerpta Anonymi relied on earlier collections of excerpts and must have drawn on draft copies produced during the redaction of the Constantinian collections. In the following, I suggest that, for the chapter On the river Istros, the compiler drew on a collection of geographical material, whereas for the chapters On Cyrus and On Remus and Romulus he drew on a Constantinian collection of occult science.

While most of the English texts that Handel set are metrical poetry, a few anthems and oratorio librettos, including Messiah, comprise direct quotations from English versions of the Bible devoid of metre. Such texts are traditionally viewed as prose, but in my doctoral thesis, as well as in a recent paper and article, I argue that they are, in fact, poems, organised not by metre but by the systematic (predictable and ubiquitous) use of rhetorical parallelism (‘sameness between stretches of text’).

In this paper I explore the stylistic impact of parallelism on the composer’s vocal writing, an under-researched area in the already neglected field of Handelian word-setting. I examine the various ways in which Handel realised or subverted the parallelism of the poetry he set, much as he did with the metre of metrical poems. Since parallelism is a type of repetition, I also argue that the repeating of words and textual phrases is an expressive and rhetorical device, not a mere Baroque mannerism or means to stretch short texts over long musical movements. As such, I advocate parallelism (even non-systematic parallelism, such as sometimes is present in the texts and settings of metrical poetry) as a valuable lens through which to understand the word-patterns that emerge from Handelian song. And I suggest that, since parallelism often involves sameness of meaning, its treatment constitutes a profound interpretative decision, making the study of that treatment a useful hermeneutic, as well as formal-analytical, tool for musicologists.

Several programming contests are being held every year searching for the best team in
programming. To achieve the first place in the context, training is a crucial factor for
participants; where meeting regularly and face to face is important issue. In some cases, meeting
face to face is not available for competent, so this research develops an algorithm for training
and examining the source code of user. The algorithm is based on designing an additional
thread to monitor and control the process of testing the source code. The algorithm is efficient
and achieves high percentage of success.

La scrittura negli ultimi secoli del Medioevo era un’attività molto diversa da quella di oggi. Differenze tecnologiche e varietà delle tecniche e pratiche scrittorie sono da analizzarsi nella loro reciproca interazione, così come le diverse concezioni di autore e opera. L’intervento affronterà queste tematiche rifacendosi al caso specifico del convento francescano del Monte Sion a Gerusalemme, che fu un centro di un’intensa rielaborazione di testi sulla Terra Santa, caratterizzata dal continuo riutilizzo delle fonti in nuove compilazioni e manoscritti miscellanei. Risulta difficoltoso definire l’identità di queste opere e comprendere le scelte terminologiche effettuate dai francescani nel classificare i loro lavori come descriptio, chronica o tractatus. Solo una riflessione fondata anche su dati paleografici e codicologici può aiutarci a risolvere questi complessi problemi di categorizzazione.
Parte del seminario:
https://www.academia.edu/35181940/Il_testo_incarnato_._Prospettive_di_materialit%C3%A0_testuale_Zurigo_4-5_dicembre_2017