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According to Greimas, the semiotic square is far more than a heuristic for semantic and literary analysis. It represents the generative "deep structure" of human culture and cognition which "define the fundamental mode of existence of an individual or of a society, and subsequently the conditions of existence of semiotic objects". The veracity of this bold hypothesis has received little attention in the literature. In response, this paper traces the history and development of the square of opposition from Aristotle to Greimas and beyond, to propose that the relations modeled in these diagrams are rooted in gestalt memories of kinesthesia and proprioception from which we derive basic structural awareness of opposition and contrast-including verticality, bilaterality, transversality, markedness and analogy. The paper draws on findings in the phenomenology of movement, recent developments in the analysis of logical opposition, recent scholarship in (post)Greimasian semiotics and prescient insights from Greimas himself. The argument is further tested via multimodal content analyses of a popular music video-highlighting relationships the semiotic square shares with mundane cultural ideologies and showing how these relationships might be traced to memory structures of bodily movement. The paper highlights the neglected relevance of embodied chiasmus and illustrates the enduring relevance of Greimasean thought.

The present volumes form the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals, held in Boulder, Colorado, USA 23-28 June 1991. These volumes continue the publication of this conference series, the proceedings of the first conference (1987) held at Bordeaux/Arcachon appearing in Volumes 84 and 85, and the proceedings of the second conference (1989) held at Goteborg appearing in Volumes 113 and 114. As for the two preceding conferences, FLC-91 provided a broad forum for the exchange of information on FLCs, with most of the groups working in the field well represented. Exciting developments were reported in all FLC areas. The worldwide effort at developing new FLC materials continues apace, with the report of an FLC material possessing a spontaneous polarization nearly equal to the sum of all transverse molecular dipoles, and new thrusts in polymer FLCs and FLCs for electronic nonlinear optical applications. The conference saw many new developments in FLC basic and device physics, including the use of dielectric spectroscopy as a tool for studying the molecular origins of the polarization in FLCs. Particularly exciting were the FLC device developments with the emergence of sophisticated FLC devices for opto-electronic computing, display, and other light control applications including a demonstration of a flexible polymer FLC display.

There is a bad film, called ‘Good’ (Taylor & Wrathall, 2008), that coincidentally encapsulates a good idea. In the film, the central character is an academic called John Halder. The film starts as Halder grapples with and lectures on challenging literature such as Proust, Joyce, DH Lawrence and Thomas Mann. Meanwhile, the Nazi Party have come to power and the lecturer has to decide either to continue with his liberal arts education or to choose the Party. Halder has a Jewish friend that he is forced into dispute with as a tide of anti-Jewish sentiment sweeps through Germany. The academic had written a bad novel about euthanasia that the Party seize upon and use to promote their ideals. John has a hellish domestic life with his mad mother, bedraggled wife and wayward children hovering around the home like ghosts. At the same time, an attractive, young blonde student solicits Halder. The paths are clear; either stay with his previous struggling existence to explain complex literature to uncaring masses along with the accompanying and boorish domestic servitude; or take the new path, the vivacious blonde, the Party and fascist line, limitless power. Halder chooses the second path, and in a fittingly dreadful scene, cloaks up to take on the masses in a night of riots. He looks in the mirror and sees himself, freshly dressed in a leather SS uniform. His ‘Rhine-maiden’ is in a position of adoring fellatio, willing to do anything to keep the man-warrior-hero by her side.

The turbulent flow structures responsible for the fluctuating wall pressure in the turbulent boundary layer on a cylinder in axial flow (delta/a = 5.04, Re(sub theta) = 2870) have been investigated. Simultaneous measurements of the fluctuating wall pressure and turbulent streamwise velocities have been performed throughout a large volume of the boundary layer (y(sup +) = 14 to y/delta = 1.91, 0 less than or equal to x/delta less than or equal to 1.52, azimuthal angle phi = 0 deg, 20 deg, 40 deg) with a subminiature electret microphone (d(sup +) = 25.9) and hotwire velocity probe (1(sup +) = 18.5). Pressure-velocity cross-spectra and cross-correlation measurements indicate that two primary groups of pressure fluctuations exist in the cylindrical boundary layer: (1) small-scale, high-frequency disturbances concentrated close to the wall associated with the burst-sweep cycle; and (2) large-scale, low-frequency disturbances extending from the wall to the turbulent/potential-flow interface that are consistent with a large spanwise-oriented 'vortex' in close contact with and inclined to the wall.

Cross-linguistic strategies for mapping lexical and spatial relations from body partonym systems to external object meronymies (as in English 'table leg', 'mountain face') have attracted substantial research and debate over the past three decades. Due to the systematic mappings, lexical productivity and geometric complexities of body-based meronymies found in many Mesoamerican languages, the region has become focal for these discussions, prominently including contrastive accounts of the phenomenon in Zapotec and Tzeltal, leading researchers to question whether such systems should be explained as global metaphorical mappings from bodily source to target holonym or as vector mappings of shape and axis generated " algorithmically ". I propose a synthesis of these accounts in this paper by drawing on the species-specific cognitive affordances of human upright posture grounded in the reorganization of the anatomical planes, with a special emphasis on antisymmetrical relations that emerge between arm-leg and face-groin antinomies cross-culturally. Whereas Levinson argues that the internal geometry of objects " stripped of their bodily associations " (1994: 821) is sufficient to account for Tzeltal meronymy, making metaphorical explanations entirely unnecessary, I propose a more powerful, elegant explanation of Tzeltal meronymic mapping that affirms both the geometric-analytic and the global-metaphorical nature of Tzeltal meaning construal. I do this by demonstrating that the " algorithm " in question arises from the phenomenology of movement and correlative body memories—an experiential ground which generates a culturally selected pair of inverse contrastive paradigm sets with marked and unmarked membership emerging antithetically relative to the transverse anatomical plane. These relations are then selected diagrammatically for the classification of object orientations according to systematic geometric iconicities. Results not only serve to clarify the case in question but also point to the relatively untapped potential that upright posture holds for theorizing the emergence of human cognition, highlighting in the process the nature, origins and theoretical validity of markedness and double scope conceptual integration.

This article aims to track the transversality and resilience, set in the stories of displaced subjects of eastern Mexico City, as a way to understand their daily life and unravel the social life of the asphyxiated urban peripheries and subjected to countless sources of stress, with their survival strategies and their resilience, where transversality is a continuum between all existing subjectivities, and discomfort of an individual is no stranger to the social dimension. RESUMEN: Este artículo pretende rastrear la transversalidad y la resiliencia, configuradas en los relatos de sujetos desplazados del oriente de la Ciudad de México, como una manera de comprender su vida cotidiana y desentrañar la vida social de las periferias urbanas asfixiadas y sometidas a innumerables fuentes de estrés, con sus estrategias de sobrevivencia, así como su capacidad de resiliencia, donde la transversalidad es como un continuo entre todas las subjetividades existentes, y el malestar de un individuo no es ajeno a la dimensión social.

In order to gain a better understanding of some of the underlying physics associated with the interaction of high-amplitude acoustic waves and a coaxial-jet type injector similar to those used in cryogenic liquid rockets, a non-reacting-flow experimental investigation was conducted under sub-, near-, and supercritical chamber pressures, with and without acoustical excitation. Past research works on this subject have shown both the relevance and importance of geometrical changes in an injector's exit-area and its nearby physical and fluid mechanical processes. On this basis, special attention is paid in collecting spatially-resolved mean temperatures and documenting the aforementioned interactions at the exit of this injector. Short-duration and high-speed digital cameras provided information on the dynamic behavior of this jet. Mean and root mean square (RMS) values of the coaxial-jet dark-core length fluctuations were measured from the acquired images via a computer-automated m...

This study presents an experimental investigation into strain distribution of Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) in FRP-confined concrete columns with internal steel reinforcement under concentric and eccentric loading conditions. A total of nine reinforced concrete columns were cast and tested. Three of them were square in cross-section while the others were originally square but were shape-modified into circular columns with four pieces of segmental circular concrete covers and confined with three layers of CFRP. The nominal compressive strength of the segmental concrete covers was 40 MPa and 80 MPa. All columns were tested under concentric load, 25 mm or 50 mm eccentric load. Strain distribution was obtained by a number of strain gauges located symmetrically around the circumference of the columns. The CFRP strain distribution in the hoop direction and the hoop rupture strain of the shape-modified reinforced concrete columns under different load eccentricity was examined. Moreover, t...

Abstract : The formation of the solitons owing to self-phase modulation (SPM) occurs at relatively small intensities 1. In this cases the transverse beam profile may be considered as very close to the spatial profile of the fundamental mode. For shorter pulses or larger intensity when n sub 2 l/Delta n approximately 1 (n sub 2 l is the nonlinear part of refraction index, Delta n is the difference of core and cladding index) it is needed to include into consideration other third-order effects such as self-focusing (SF) 2. For the pulse parameters control it is interesting to investigate the transmission of the ultrashort pulses in periodical waveguides. In the step-index waveguides the transverse structure of fields is strongly dependent from excitation of modes of continuous spectrum of transverse wavenumber, and it is useful to derive the corresponding expressions.

A compact, high gain, series fed transverse slot array antenna is designed on the top plate of a shorted corrugated H-plane horn. Corrugations are used to reduce the wavelength inside the shorted horn in order to suppress the grating lobe problem associated with the transvers slot arrays. By etching eight transverse slots separated by one guided wavelength, the array is formed and a proper broadside radiation is successfully achieved. The proposed structure can also be interpreted as a flat horn with directive radiation which is also more compact compared to the conventional H-plane horns as the guided wavelength inside it is reduced. The antenna is simulated by HFSS simulator and optimized for maximum gain and best matching condition. The simulation results show that the reflection coefficient is less than-10 dB around 15.15 GHz with about 1.3 % fractional bandwidth and the gain and SLL are about 19 dBi and-13 dB, respectively. Also, the cross polar discrimination of the antenna is better than 25 dB in both E-and H-planes. Simulation results were confirmed by comparing them with those obtained by CST software.

: An experimental study on the effects of an externally-imposed transverse acoustic field in a N2 shear coaxial jets at sub-, near-, and supercritical pressures is presented. Such fields and their interaction with the jets (i.e., breakup, mixing, etc.) are believed to play a critical role during combustion instabilities in liquid rocket engines. The shear coaxial injector used here is similar to those used in cryogenic liquid rockets. By using N2 as the working fluid, the chemistry effects on combustion instability are separated from the effects of a transverse acoustic field on coaxial jets. Furthermore, through this choice, ambiguities associated with composition dependence on mixtures critical properties are eliminated. The acoustic field is generated by a piezo-siren and the first resonant frequency is ~3kHz. The pressures in the chamber range from 215-716 psia to span subcritical to supercritical pressures. The outer to inner jet velocity ratio varies from ~1.2 to 23 and the mo...

All-optical devices allow improvements in the speed of optical communication and computation systems by avoiding the conversion between the optical and electronic domains. The focus of this thesis is the experimental investigation of a new type of all-optical switch that is based ...

We present the numerical analysis of the profiles of surface polaritons generated on magnetoelectric multiferroics. The study focuses on transverse electric (TE) modes where the non-reciprocal behaviour appears in surface polaritons. The amplitude and the attenuation constant are very important parameters in defining the profiles of surface modes. The attenuation constant is calculated by solving Maxwell equations while the amplitudes are obtained by considering the continuity of the fields. We found that the localisation is strong at the frequency near resonant frequency since the attenuation constant is big. We are also found that the profiles of surface modes for two directions of propagation, which is opposite each other, are not the same. This result is illustrating the non-reciprocal behaviour of the TE surface modes generated on magnetoelectric multiferroics.

This document consists of the text and viewgraphs of a paper presented at the ONR Workshop on Nonequilibrium Turbulence held at Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona, from 10-1 2 March 1993. This workshop was the first step of an ONR Accelerated Research Initiative (ARI) to establish the state-of-the-art for theory, computation, and experimentation relevant to turbulence in a nonequilibrium state, or, more generally, to turbulence in complex flows. The overall goal of the initiative is to understand the behavior of turbulence in such complex conditions in order to advance our prediction and control capabilities. When a cylinder in axial flow is sufficiently long and thin, the growth of the boundary layer results in its thickness exceeding the radius of the cylinder such that the three-dimensional effects due to transverse curvature cannot be neglected. With this condition, the wall of the cylinder provides less constraint on the outer flow and motion of eddies than is experienc...