WWF(WORLD WIDE FUND)ORGANIZATION

Stellungnahme von Rechtsanwalt Max Malkus, zu dem Antrag der Fraktion DIE LINKE, in der Öffentlichen Anhörung des Ausschusses für Recht und Verbraucherschutz des Deutschen Bundestages am  10. Dezember 2020.

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La storia geologica della Brughiera raccontata lungo un'escursione dal Castello di Carimate, sulla porzione più elevata dell’altopiano formatosi  circa 500.000 anni fa con materiali trasportati dai torrenti originati da ghiacciai delle glaciazioni con acque calcaree che hanno creato depositi cementati, il Ceppo Lombardo, risalendo nel tempo il “lavoro” del ghiacciaio nella Valle del Torrente Serenza.

The Spanish Doñana Biological Station, inaugurated in 1964, poses two historiographical puzzles. First, it was the first large project of the World Wildlife Fund, which is usually seen as a response to the very specific post-imperial challenges of African parks. Second, it was the first non-alpine park in Spain, and although it was designed and inaugurated in the midst of Francisco Franco’s nationalist dictatorship, it was an explicitly transnational project. This paper approaches Doñana’s unique story through the concept of ecological diplomacy. It points to the diplomatic strategies mobilized by a small group of ecologists with managerial and financial skills. Promoting Doñana, British ornithologists presented it as an African wilderness, which created tensions with Spanish ecologists, themselves colonial scientists. Ecological diplomacy, moreover, refers to a characteristic period between conservation diplomacy and environmental diplomacy. In it, conservation was understood as th...

Globalisasi telah membentuk kesatuan antar dimensi sosial, politik, budaya hingga lingkungan hidup. Isu lingkungan hidup berpusat pada hutan menjadi salah satu yang paling diperhatikan. Hutan digunakan sebagai sumber penghasil beberapa kebutuhan vital manusia, seperti minyak, kayu, hingga penyedia lahan. Ratusan hektare hutan Indonesia setiap tahunnya di Pulau Kalimantan dan Sumatra dialih fungsikan menjadi lahan produksi. Alih fungsi ini menyebabkan terganggunya keseimbangan hutan dan hilang fungsi dasarnya. Selain itu, hal tersebut juga menghilangkan hutan sebagai habitat bagi kera besar spesies orangutan yang hanya ada di Asia khususnya di wilayah hutan Sumatra dan Kalimantan, yaitu Pongo pygmaeus di Kalimantan dan Pongo abelii di Sumatra, sehingga menyebabkan kelangkaan. Namun permasalahan ini belum mendapat cukup perhatian dan masih terus berlanjut hingga saat ini. Deforestasi hutan menjadi masalah utama yang kini dihadapi oleh WWF.

The term 'environmental non-governmental organisations' is deceptive; it gives the impression of a monolithic group of actors. In reality, the individual organizations that fall under the classification range considerably in what they do and believe in, why they do what they do, how they conduct themselves, where they focus their resources and attention and whom they prioritize in terms of audiences for their messaging and advocacy work. This presentation will introduce listeners to some of the nuances and history of environmental advocacy in the Arctic, particularly the North American North. Dr. Danita Catherine Burke will take the audience on a journey to raise awareness of what she argues are foundational pillars of how environmental organizations are perceived in the Arctic: legacy, networks, scientific engagement and communication style. Dr. Burke will unpack the broad implications of these pillars on the appeal of organizations to key regional audiences, namely Arctic state governments and their representatives and local and Indigenous peoples of the North. Dr. Burke's presentation will draw upon her research in her forthcoming monograph with Manchester University Press titled 'WWF and its Path to Success in the Arctic', as well as her broader research on the legacy of the anti-sealing movement, Arctic Council observer membership and selection Greenpeace's complex legacy in the Arctic/North.

The rapid spread of digital information and communication technologies since the turn of the century has led to renewed debates about globalisation and the power of new media to connect users across national, political and cultural borders. Environmental campaigns like WWF’s Earth Hour, which touts itself as “the world’s largest grassroots movement for the environment,” often adopt a utopian view of globalisation that celebrates what Marshall McLuhan termed the ‘global village’. While this global ethos might be useful in engaging the publics in collective action, this article argues that the way Earth Hour and similar campaigns actively construct representations of a single global village overlooks the lived inequalities between and among peoples within this imagined community. This article explores this tension using a quantitative and qualitative mixed-methods approach that combines a semiotic analysis of the Earth Hour 2019 promotional video, social media analysis of the use of #Connect2Earth hashtag among South African Twitter users, and in-depth interviews with current and former WWF-South Africa employees. This strategic approach is designed to juxtapose socially constructed representations of Earth Hour with on-the-ground user engagement in South Africa, and then triangulating these findings with qualitative interviews. The dissertation aims to explore the research question: ​In what ways does WWF’s Earth Hour embody Marshall McLuhan’s ideal ‘global village’ and in what ways might it engender a form of eco-imperialism? ​ This research question is operationalised through three subquestions: ​What kind of environmentalism do global environmental campaigns like Earth Hour promote? How do audiences in South Africa engage with Earth Hour on social media? How do local WWF offices adapt global environmental campaigns to suit local audiences?​ This research contributes to emerging scholarship, rooted in environmental justice and decolonial studies, that is critical of mainstream environmental movements not to discourage environmental consciousness but to ultimately reformulate it.

KEY WORDS
Globalisation; WWF; Earth Hour; Twitter; Network Society; First World Environmentalism; mainstream environmentalism; Eco-Imperialism; environmental communications

The perception of international non-governmental organisations (INGO), particularly environmentally focused ones, is mixed throughout the North and the Arctic. In the North American North and Arctic, the legacy of the anti-sealing campaign has left an indelible mark that reinforces local views that protection of non-human nature is the environmental INGO priority. This chapter explores the questions: how do you develop a trusted reputation as an INGO operating in the North and how does perceived trustworthiness influence organisational capacity? It argues that balancing the human and non-human aspects of the Arctic and North are central to INGO ability to be trusted and seen as trustworthy in those parts of the world. The ability of an INGO to demonstrate that it accounts for both dimensions is reinforced by its brand. Lying at the heart of the brand, and trust in it, are organisational legacy and networks. Using the case study of the World Wide Fund for Nature/World Wildlife Fund (WWF), this chapter demonstrates that legacy and networks, with the access they can provide, are essential to INGOs ability to demonstrate to different audiences in the North and Arctic that they can work with them. The primary audience for INGO work used in this piece is the Arctic states and their representatives to the Arctic Council, the Arctic region’s pre-eminent forum for environmental protection and sustainable development discourse.