Wild

Wild Life documents a nuanced understanding of the wild versus captive divide in species conservation. It also documents the emerging understanding that all forms of wild nature — both in situ (on-site) and ex situ (in captivity) — may need to be managed in perpetuity. Providing a unique window into the high-stakes world of nature conservation, Irus Braverman describes the heroic efforts by conservationists to save wild life. Yet in the shadows of such dedication and persistence in saving the life of species, Wild Life also finds sacrifice and death. Such life and death stories outline the modern struggle to define what conservation should look like at a time when the long-established definitions of nature have collapsed.

Wild Life begins with the plight of a tiny endangered snail, and ends with the rehabilitation of an entire island. Interwoven between its pages are stories about golden lion tamarins in Brazil, black-footed ferrets in the American Plains, Sumatran rhinos in Indonesia, Tasmanian devils in Australia, and many more creatures both human and nonhuman. Braverman draws on interviews with more than one hundred and twenty conservation biologists, zoologists, zoo professionals, government officials, and wildlife managers to explore the various perspectives on in situ and ex situ conservation and the blurring of the lines between them.

The effects of wild oat density and proportion on the yield and yield components of wheat (cv. Ghaznavi-98) were studied in Peshawar, Pakistan, during the rabi of 2004-05. Four sowing rates (100, 130, 160 and 190 kg ha-1) were assigned to main plots, while ...

The proportions of fatty acids present in eggs and gonads of wild and captive Lutjanus guttatus (Steindachner, 1869) were evaluated to assist in obtaining nutritional information necessary to improve the diets provided in aquaculture production centers of this species. Samples of eggs and gonads were obtained from broodstock (1.0±0.1 kg) kept in the Pacific Marine Park (PMP), Costa Rica, and from individuals caught by fishermen in their natural environment. The samples were taken in triplicate during the period spanning from August to September 2015. Captive snappers were fed a fresh diet. Spawns and gonads were obtained from two groups of 16 specimens each of captive and wild fish, both groups having a sex ratio of 1:1 male to female. Gonads from females were selected according to their maturity stage, and male gonads were sampled based on the quantity, viscosity and color of semen. There were no statistically significant differences (p≥0.05) between egg diameters and oil droplets size; viability rates, expressed as percentages, were considered to be high and appropriate for comparison (91.2% captive, 86.1% wild). There were also no statistically significant differences in the fatty acid composition of eggs obtained from wild and captive females (p=0.2188), or in gonads from males (p=0.6179) and wild and captive females (p=0.1153). The presence of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was observed in all of the samples analyzed, while arachidonic acid (ARA) was found in amounts ranging from 0.38 to 5.07% and was not present in the eggs of wild females or in the gonads of captive females.

Practices of outdoor access involve the regulation of people and animals as together they constitute particular landscapes. Conduct is ordered through law and moral norms to avert or minimise harm to people, livestock, wildlife and wider ecologies. This paper examines dogwalking in the Cairngorms National Park, illustrating how conceptions and experiences of landscapes and animals combine to shape the ability to co-exist across species boundaries. Drawing on a study using video methods, it investigates how ‘wildness’ and allied notions of ‘freedom’ and ‘escape’ are mobilised in practice to produce particular (ir)responsible cross-species encounters, and how joint human–animal conduct—specifically the ‘control’ of dogs—is geographically constituted. A tension emerges between well-being and countryside regulation: the well-being associated with experiencing ‘freedom’ and the ‘control’ required by law for multispecies flourishing. The findings contribute to broader debate on how landscapes matter in the achievement of ethical animal–human relations.

This paper deals with the preliminary observations of the analysis conducted on the faunal remains unearthed at the site of Shikarpur. A single trench ES4 was selected as a research sample from the excavation conducted by the Department of Archaeology and Ancient History; M.S. University of Baroda, Gujarat State, India in 2007-08. A
total of 6250 skeletal fragments were analysed of which only 3219 (51.50%) could be identified. All the skeletal elements were carefully observed for signatures of bone modifications done by natural as well as human agencies. The analysis revealed a large number of animal species including domestic mammals, wild mammals, reptiles, birds and molluscs. In addition, a few skeletal fragments of fish and crab were also recovered.