smaw welding

ISBN 978-977-90-5541-1
This is e-book media (not paper print format), The book format is "pdf”, english, 129 pages, size A5, file size 13.6 Mb

The book is introduction and the basic concept for SMAW electrode making, and consider a 1st step for electrode making. Its knowledge collected from the previous study and some few recently one.…Thanks

The effects of the hot stamping process and different hardfacing techniques, such as shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW), on the abrasive wear of ploughshares were investigated under field operational conditions. The abrasive wear losses were determined by measuring the weight and dimension changes before and after tillage. The wear losses of hot-stamped and hardfaced ploughshares were less significant than those of the conventionally heat-treated ploughshare specimens used under field conditions. Conventional heat treatment and hardfacing by the SMAW process decreased the wear weight losses by 46.31% and the dimensional losses by 86.77% in comparison to the performance of the conventionally heat-treated ploughshares. These values were 36.90% and 88.17%, respectively, for conventional heat treatment and hardfacing by the GMAW process. There were no statistically significant differences between the SMAW and GMAW hardfacing processes in terms of wear los...

ISBN 978-977-90-5540-4
2018

This is e-book media (not paper print format), The book format is "pdf". english, 129 pages, size A5, file size 3.79 Mb.

The book is prepared to the non skill persons who never knew about Shield Metal Arc Welding (SMAW / MMAW), and for engineer which want to have a reference book for SMAW.
_ All matters that are deal with SMAW for practice, engineering knowledge and training to have prefect weld bead.
_ For the truth the electrode selection, and welding coast well be discusses in the future version. And for the instructor; they must be use more picture for defects which taken with deferent NDT methods to explain the defect and its reason.
_ We hoping that it would meet the qualifications and requirement you have requested.…thanks

Polymer composites have been the mainstay of high-performance structural materials, but these materials are inherently sensitive to environmental factors such as temperature, exposure to liquids, gases, electrical fields and radiation, which significantly affects their useful life. Addition of layered silicate nanofillers in the polymer matrix has led to improvements in the elastic moduli, strength, heat resistance, decreased gas permeability and flammability. In the present work epoxy modified with Cloisite 30 B® nanoclay (at 1, 3 and 5 wt% of resin) and E-glass unidirectional fibers are used to prepare fiber reinforced nanocomposites using hand lay-up method. The nanocomposites have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD results show that the interlayer spacing between the clay platelets increased significantly indicating that the polymer is able to intercalate between the clay layers. The mechanical properties are measured by carrying out tensile, hardness and flexural tests and values are compared with those found for fiber reinforced neat epoxy composites. The tests show that an addition of nano-clay up to 3 wt% increases tensile strength and micro-hardness and there is a decrease in values with further clay addition up to 5 wt%. The flexural strength increased significantly with clay loading and the highest value is observed for specimens with 5 wt% of clay. Further, durability studies on nanocomposites have been performed in water and NaOH baths under accelerated hygrothermal conditions. During the exposure it is observed that the degradation in NaOH environment is more severe than in water.

This research evaluates the effect of the variables of Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT) on the sectoral angular beam scans “S-Scan” and the geometric morphology of planar discontinuities such as the inclination for the ultrasonic beam and the shape of the extremity on accuracy in measurements. The study was carried out in two stages. During the first stage, eight ASTM A36 steel samples with machined notches by penetration from EDM and a welded sample with lack of penetration in a butt weld were designed and produced. In the second stage, it was measured the size of the discontinuities using ultrasound inspection and different configurations of the phase arrangement. The effect of each variable and inspection setting with errors between 0.2 % and 120 % were determined by statistical analysis.

Abstract: The effects of the hot stamping process and different hardfacing techniques, such as shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW), on the abrasive wear of ploughshares were investigated under field operational conditions. The abrasive wear losses were determined by measuring the weight and dimension changes before and after tillage. The wear losses of hot-stamped and hardfaced ploughshares were less significant than those of the conventionally heat-treated ploughshare specimens used under field conditions. Conventional heat treatment and hardfacing by the SMAW process decreased the wear weight losses by 46.31% and the dimensional losses by 86.77% in comparison to the performance of the conventionally heat-treated ploughshares. These values were 36.90% and 88.17%, respectively, for conventional heat treatment and hardfacing by the GMAW process. There were no statistically significant differences between the SMAW and GMAW hardfacing processes in terms of wear losses. Hot stamping and heat treatment applications on the ploughshare also decreased wear losses by 19.03% and dimension losses by 13.82% in comparison to the conventional heat treatment process. According to the results of the overall study, hot stamping and hardfacing by SMAW and GMAW processes can be recommended as efficient solutions for decreasing the wear losses of ploughshares.

Keywords: Plowshare, abrasive wear, hardfacing, stamping, tillage tool, boron-alloyed steels, SMAW, GMAW and wear

This research evaluates the effect of the variables of Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT) on the sectoral angular beam scans “S-Scan” and the geometric morphology of planar discontinuities such as the inclination for the ultrasonic beam and the shape of the extremity on accuracy in measurements. The study was carried out in two stages. During the first stage, eight ASTM A36 steel samples with machined notches by penetration from EDM and a welded sample with lack of penetration in a butt weld were designed and produced. In the second stage, it was measured the size of the discontinuities using ultrasound inspection and different configurations of the phase arrangement. The effect of each variable and inspection setting with errors between 0.2 % and 120 % were determined by statistical analysis.En esta investigación se evaluó el efecto que tienen las variables de la técnica de ultrasonido con arreglo de fases en los escaneos con haz angular sectorial “S-Scan” y la morfología geomé...

ABSTRACT The effect of both the rare earth ions and the La3+ ion concentration on the dielectric properties of Ni0.5Zn0.5RyFe2−yO4; 0.0≤y≤0.9, R=La, Yb, Dy and Ce is studied. All the samples are sintered at 1250 °C with heating rate of 4 °C/min and sintering time of 35 h. The ionic radii of the used rare earth (Yb3+, Dy3+, Ce3+ and La3+) are too large to occupy the octahedral site. They form a secondary phases on the grain boundaries. The X-ray data shows that the lattice parameter for the un- substituted ferrite sample is larger than the substituted one, which is the main feature for all rare earth elements. The dielectric properties show that the pure sample has a larger dielectric constant as well as a larger valence exchange with respect to substituted one. This means that introducing rare earth ions into the samples decreases ε′ owing to the decreasing Fe–Fe interaction. The lowest conduction for La substituted sample is attributed to the nature of La3+ ions which is insoluble in the spinel lattice so it hindered Fe–R (3d–4f) coupling. This feature can help to obtain well applicable ferrites.

This study discusses the mechanical properties of the results of dissimilar welding Steel St 42 and SS AISI 304. There are three tests conducted in this study to determine the mechanical properties of the results of the joint, namely; hardness test, tensile test and flexural test. Steel and Stainless Steel are joined using the SMAW method with E 7018 and E 308-16 Ø 2.6 mm electrodes. The two main ingredients in this test are in the form of 10mm plates. At both welding joining points, the first process is improved to make a single V seam. Test specimens are made using a machine that is suitable for the type of test to be applied. All specimens are made of 5 samples so that the results of mechanical testing are accurate. Mechanical test results Demonstrate the good quality of the weld joint for E 7018 electrodes at 80A currents while at E 308 electrodes at 70 A currents. Each electrode binds very well according to the material being made. From these two connections we get the best mechanical properties for different connections of E 308 electrodes with a current of 75 A.