A special thank you goes to IDFR for their excellent job in translating the book, in very slimpille fo'rms to give better undersrandlnq. I would also like to thank Allah S.W.T 'for His kindne!j, lin giving the strength to those who ill cempletinqthe English Version of the driver's educ,artion currlculurn (DEC)
A special thank you goes to IDFR for their excellent job in translating the book, in very slimpille fo'rms to give better undersrandlnq. I would also like to thank Allah S.W.T 'for His kindne!j, lin giving the strength to those who ill cempletinqthe English Version of the driver's educ,artion currlculurn (DEC)
A special thank you goes to IDFR for their excellent job in translating the book, in very slimpille fo'rms to give better undersrandlnq. I would also like to thank Allah S.W.T 'for His kindne!j, lin giving the strength to those who ill cempletinqthe English Version of the driver's educ,artion currlculurn (DEC)
JABATAN PENGANGKUTAN JALAN MALAYSIAMESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL,
ROAD TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT OF MALAYSIA
| would like to thank Allah S.W.T for His kindness in giving the
strength to those who were involved in completing the English
Version of the Driver's Education Curriculum (DEC).! would also
like to express my heartiest congratulations to Road Transport
Department especially to the DEC Special Task Group. Their
dedication and determination have made the publication of
this book a reality,
The increasing demand from the public, especially among
expatriates to acquire the Malaysian driving licence, has made
the RTD realize the importance of publishing this book. Other
than catering to the needs of this group of people, this book
also grants the locals the privilege of choosing their language
of preference for better understanding of current road rules
and regulations,
Education Curriculum (DEC)
A special thank you goes to IDFR for their excellent job in
translating the book in very simple forms to give better
understanding. It is crucial that we get the help from the
experts to ensure that nothing will be lost in translation.
‘Once again | would like to congratulate our Special Task Team
for their continuous effort in educating and informing the
public. It is my greatest hope that all the drivers, with their
efforts and positive attitude would be responsible for a
reduction in the accident rate in our country.
Finally, | sincerely hope that with all the information and
guidelines contained in this book, we would be able to
produce disciplined and tolerance drivers. This book is a
humble contribution by the RTD to the call of the nations,
Dato’ Hj. Emran Bin Hj. Kadir
DSSA,SSA,AMN,Driver's Education Curriculum (DE
CONTENTS
Message from the Director-General,
Road Transport Department of Malaysia
Aim and Objectives of Driver's Education
Curriculum (DEC)
CHAPTER I: ROAD USER'S GUIDE
SECTION 1:
Attitude and Responsibility of Drivers
SECTION2:
Basic Driving Techniques
CHAPTER I: THE HIGHWAY CODE
TRAFFIC SIGNS
1- Danger Traffic Signs
ll Prohibitive Traffic Signs
Il- Mandatory Traffic Signs
IV- Informative Traffic Signs
V~ Temporary Traffic Signs
VI- Lines on the Road
Vil- Traffic Police Hand Signs and Signals
Vill- Motorist's/Motorcyclist's Drivers' Hand Signals
CHAPTER III; DEFENSIVE DRIVING
SECTION 1:
CONCEPT OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING
- Definition of the Concept of Defensive Driving
- Steps to Prevent Accidents
- Planning the Journey
Perfect Driving
SECTION 2:
POSITIONS IN WHICH ACCIDENTS COULD OCCUR
SECTION 3:
CONDITIONS THAT CAUSE ACCIDENTS
- Drivers
~Roads
-Vehicles
-Weather
ight
“Traffic
SECTION 4:
OBSTACLES
- Introduction
- Types of Obstacles
~The Hazard Action Plan
- Vehicle Controlling SystemsSECTION 5:
RULES
~ Introduction
= Rules of Distance
- Rules for Overtaking
Rules at Junctions
SECTION6:
MOVEMENTS
SECTION7:
MAKING DECISIONS / TAKING ACTIONS
CHAPTER IV: DRIVING IN VARIOUS SITUATIONS,
SECTION 1:
DRIVING IN AN EMERGENCY
~ Brake Malfunction
- Vehicle Swerving
- Stuck Accelerator
- Burst Tyre
- Headlights Stop Working
- Vehicle on Fire
- Bonnet Flies Open Suddenly
= Making an Emergency Stop on the Highway
~ Faced with an Accident
- Vehicle Plunged into Water
= Windscreen Breaks
- Engine Refuses to Start
~ Damage toVehicle
~ Changing Tyre
- Emergency Equipment
Driver's Education Curriculum (DEC)
SECTION 2:
DRIVING ON THE HIGHWAY
- Introduction
- Before Driving
-While Driving
~ After Driving
SECTION 3:
DRIVING AT NIGHT
~The Human Factor
~ Physical Factors
CHAPTER V: HEALTH AND SAFETY
REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIVERS
SECTION 1:
HEALTH AND SAFETY OF DRIVERS
~Vision
~Hearing
~Being Cautious
- Medication
~Health and Emotions
~Medical Checkup
~Attitude and Safety
~ Responsibility of Having Insurance
SECTION 2:
STRESS MANAGEMENT
Introduction
= Definition of Stress
~ Stress Categorization
~ Effects of Stress on Driving
~ Three Stages in Controlling Stress
~ Stress Management PlanDriver's Education Curriculum (DEC)
SECTION 3:
DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL AND
DRUGS
Introduction
- Alcohol
-Drugs/Medication
CHAPTER VI:LAW AND DRIVING OFFENCES
SECTION 1:
DRIVING LICENCES
~Background
~Types of Driving Licenses
~Driving Licence Clauses
~Conditions Qualifying Drivers to Obtain a Licence
~Conditions for the Issue of Learner Driving Licence
- Conditions imposed on Holders of the Learner
Driving Licence
~Pre-qualifications to Sit for the Practical Test
~ Probationary Driving Licence
SECTION 2:
DRIVING OFFENCES AND THE PENALTIES
UNDER THE ROAD TRAFFIC ACT 1987 ANDTHE RULES|
‘THEREUNDER (RTR 1959)
=Introduction
-Types of Violations
SECTION 3:
THE KEJARA SYSTEM
~Common Understanding
Specific Understanding
-Why the KEJARA System was Created
a -How the KEJARA System Functions
= Rehabilitation Courses
~The Granting of Bonus .
- Penalty Fines
~ Scheduled Offences and Demerit Points Giv
CHAPTER VIl : REGULATIONS AND LAWS.
RELATING TO MOTORCYCLISTS
SECTION 1:
GUIDELINES FOR MOTORCYCLISTS
-Wearing the Correct Gear
- Examining the Motorcycle
SECTION2:
‘SAFE RIDING TECHNIQUES
= Introduction
~ Body Position
=Turning and Cornering
+ Braking
~ Gear Shifts
~ Basic Techniques of Motorcycle Riding
SECTION3:
MAINTAINING THE DISTANCE
= Frontal Distance
- Side Distances
~ Rear Distance
SECTION4:
IDENTIFYING PROBLEMS
- Looking ahead
-Glancing back
= Using the MirrorsDriver's Education Curriculum (DEC)
SECTION 5:
RIDING AT NIGHT
SECTION 6:
CARRYING PASSENGER AND LOADS
SECTION 7;
HANDLING THE MOTORCYCLE DURING AN
EMERGENCYDriver's Education Curriculum (DEC)
AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF DRIVER'S EDUCATION CURRICULUM.
(DEC)
‘The Driver's Education Curriculum (DEC) was formulated to help
drivers/road users to master the aspects of safety and
regulations that need to be practise on the road. The aspects of
knowledge and integrated skills make up the backbone to this
DEC.
a) Aim
‘The DEC's aim is to produce drivers/road users who are
knowledgeable, skilled, cautious and competent, and practise good
values.
b) Objectives
To achieve its aim, the DEC enables the drivers/road users to:
1) Protect the safety of lives and property while on the road.
2) Be aware, responsible and obey the rules
and regulations.
3) Increase knowledge and skills on road rules and
regulations.
4) Be more efficient and self-confident while on the road,
5) Be more conscientious and practice good values while
on the road.
6) Enhance understanding and effective communication skills
while on the road.
7) Increase efficiency and skills in handling vehicles while
on the road.CHAPTER 1
ROAD USER'S GUIDE
SECTION 1
ATTITUDE AND RESPONSIBILITY OF DRIVERS
A. Background
Road accidents have caused a big loss to the country. They
cause injury, suffering and the highest death rates in
Malaysia. There seems no end to the history of road
accidents. A safe and smooth journey though, is desired by
the government and every road user.
The question is, for how long are toad accidents going to
continue? This is a national crisis for it causes numerous
deaths among road users. In Malaysia, 96% of injuries and
death from accidents are caused by negligent drivers. Apart
from that, ‘natural hazards’ are also becoming a main factor
in road accidents. What is clear is that road accidents are
caused by the human failure and negligence when on the
toad. Included here are accident statistics for the year 1993
to the year 2002.
liad site|
n Curriculum (DEC)
aw erie DEATHS
1994 148, 801 5,759
1996 189, 109 6,304
1998 211,037 5,740
2000 250,429 6,035
2002 279,237 5,887Pr aed Lee ra (34)
Ren aais
es
Pans
Efforts in monitoring road safety carried out by individuals,
government agencies, and regulatory bodies. Road safety
‘campaigns have been launched with the hope that drivers
will have good attitude and skills when on the road. For this
reason, the Driver's Education Curriculum has been
introduced.
B. General Guidelines for Vehicle Drivers
1- Various factors have been identified as causes of road
accidents. One of the most important factors is related
to the attitude of drivers. Accidents can easily happen
to drivers who have a negative attitude and a short
temper, who like showing off, driving at high speed,
etc.
On the contrary, drivers who are positive and
considerate, careful and always respectful to other
road users may be able to avoid accidents.
2- Driving courteously and responsibly will actually set a
good example for other road users, thus decreasing the
rate of road accidents.
3- Vehicle drivers need to be courteous and considerate
towards all other road users especially cyclists and
pedestrians. Drivers need to control their emotions
while driving and obey all traffic regulations, Also, they
should not be easily offended by the behaviour of
other road users, and not be influenced in their
judgement and action while driving.
4- The attitude of drivers who are not courteous is seen
not only from the way they drive, such as driving too
fast or overtaking from the side and the middle without
heed to other vehicles, but also from other actions such
- Failing to signal properly;
- Honking without any apparent reason;
~ Parking at the bend of the road or jutting far into the
toad;
- Driving with one hand, while the other hand is on the
side of the carroof;
- Driving in the middle of the road when other
vehicles are trying to overtake; and
= Driving fast through a wet and muddy road,
splattering pedestrians.