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    PHY3 DJune 2006

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    This document contains information about medical physics topics related to radioactive decay, X-ray tubes, and ultrasound diagnosis. It includes: 1) Graphs showing the radioactive decay of technetium-99m which has a half-life of 6 hours, and asks questions about calculating the biological half-life from another graph. 2) Questions about the nuclear decay processes of molybdenum-94 to technetium-99m, and technetium-99m to its stable product, including writing nuclear equations. 3) Questions about how X-ray absorption depends on atomic number Z and the labeled parts and functions of an X-ray tube. 4) Questions defining variables in

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    PHY3 DJune 2006

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    This document contains information about medical physics topics related to radioactive decay, X-ray tubes, and ultrasound diagnosis. It includes: 1) Graphs showing the radioactive decay of technetium-99m which has a half-life of 6 hours, and asks questions about calculating the biological half-life from another graph. 2) Questions about the nuclear decay processes of molybdenum-94 to technetium-99m, and technetium-99m to its stable product, including writing nuclear equations. 3) Questions about how X-ray absorption depends on atomic number Z and the labeled parts and functions of an X-ray tube. 4) Questions defining variables in

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    This document contains information about medical physics topics related to radioactive decay, X-ray tubes, and ultrasound diagnosis. It includes: 1) Graphs showing the radioactive decay of technetium-99m which has a half-life of 6 hours, and asks questions about calculating the biological half-life from another graph. 2) Questions about the nuclear decay processes of molybdenum-94 to technetium-99m, and technetium-99m to its stable product, including writing nuclear equations. 3) Questions about how X-ray absorption depends on atomic number Z and the labeled parts and functions of an X-ray tube. 4) Questions defining variables in

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    24 views1 page

    PHY3 DJune 2006

    Uploaded by

    api-3726022
    This document contains information about medical physics topics related to radioactive decay, X-ray tubes, and ultrasound diagnosis. It includes: 1) Graphs showing the radioactive decay of technetium-99m which has a half-life of 6 hours, and asks questions about calculating the biological half-life from another graph. 2) Questions about the nuclear decay processes of molybdenum-94 to technetium-99m, and technetium-99m to its stable product, including writing nuclear equations. 3) Questions about how X-ray absorption depends on atomic number Z and the labeled parts and functions of an X-ray tube. 4) Questions defining variables in

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    PHY3 JUNE 2006 - TOPIC D - MEDICAL PHYSICS 30 minutes 1

    4. (a) Graph R shows the radioactive


    decay of technetium 99mTc which
    has a radioactive half-life of 6 hours.
    Graph E shows the observed decay
    of the same isotope when it is used
    in a tracer investigation in a patient.
    (i) On a copy of this graph, label
    the x-axis. [1]
    (ii) Use graph R to add a scale and units
    to the x-axis. Show how you did this on
    your copy of the graph. [2]
    Use graph E to calculate the biological half-life
    of the isotope in this investigation. [3]

    (b) (i) Molybdenum 9042Mo decays to 99mTc by beta-minus emission.


    Write a balanced nuclear equation for this decay. [1]
    (ii) In what is radioactive molybdenum produced? [1]
    (iii) Describe and explain the process of elution that is used to extract the 99mTc from an elution cell.
    You may be awarded a mark for the clarity of your answer. [4]
    (iv) Technetium 99mTc decays by gamma emission.
    Write a balanced nuclear equation
    for this decay. [1]
    (v) The product of this decay has a
    half-life of 210 000 years.
    Explain the importance of this
    long half-life when 99mTc is
    used as a tracer. [2]

    (c) In X-ray diagnosis the


    absorption of keV X-rays is
    highly dependent on Z.
    (i) State what Z represents in this context. [1]
    (ii) Explain the relevance of the value of Z
    in the production of radiographic images. [2]
    The diagram shows a rotating anode X-ray tube.
    (iii) Name and explain the function of the numbered parts
    of the X-ray tube. [6]

    (d) In ultrasonic diagnosis the reflection coefficient a can be written as:


    (i) State what is represented by Z1 and Z2 in this equation. [2]
    (ii) Show that the units of Z are kg m2 s-1. [2]
    (iii) Calculate the reflection coefficient using the data
    given opposite. [2]
    (iv) Hence find the percentage of the incident ultrasound that
    will be transmitted through a muscle-blood boundary. [2]

    Total 32 marks

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