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    Steels

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    Asmawi Mohd Khailani
    This document summarizes four main types of steels: 1) Low-carbon steels, which contain less than 0.2% carbon and are used for applications like automobile bodies and structural components due to their ductility and toughness. High-strength, low-alloy steels are a subgroup with enhanced strength and corrosion resistance. 2) Medium-carbon steels, which contain 0.2-0.5% carbon and are heat treatable, providing combinations of mechanical properties useful for applications like railway wheels and machine parts. 3) High-carbon steels, which contain 0.5-1.8% carbon and are very hard and strong but brittle, used for tools and wear

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    Steels

    Uploaded by

    Asmawi Mohd Khailani
    152 views3 pages
    This document summarizes four main types of steels: 1) Low-carbon steels, which contain less than 0.2% carbon and are used for applications like automobile bodies and structural components due to their ductility and toughness. High-strength, low-alloy steels are a subgroup with enhanced strength and corrosion resistance. 2) Medium-carbon steels, which contain 0.2-0.5% carbon and are heat treatable, providing combinations of mechanical properties useful for applications like railway wheels and machine parts. 3) High-carbon steels, which contain 0.5-1.8% carbon and are very hard and strong but brittle, used for tools and wear

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    steels

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    This document summarizes four main types of steels: 1) Low-carbon steels, which contain less than 0.2% carbon and are used for applications like automobile bodies and structural components due to their ductility and toughness. High-strength, low-alloy steels are a subgroup with enhanced strength and corrosion resistance. 2) Medium-carbon steels, which contain 0.2-0.5% carbon and are heat treatable, providing combinations of mechanical properties useful for applications like railway wheels and machine parts. 3) High-carbon steels, which contain 0.5-1.8% carbon and are very hard and strong but brittle, used for tools and wear

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    152 views3 pages

    Steels

    Uploaded by

    Asmawi Mohd Khailani
    This document summarizes four main types of steels: 1) Low-carbon steels, which contain less than 0.2% carbon and are used for applications like automobile bodies and structural components due to their ductility and toughness. High-strength, low-alloy steels are a subgroup with enhanced strength and corrosion resistance. 2) Medium-carbon steels, which contain 0.2-0.5% carbon and are heat treatable, providing combinations of mechanical properties useful for applications like railway wheels and machine parts. 3) High-carbon steels, which contain 0.5-1.8% carbon and are very hard and strong but brittle, used for tools and wear

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    of 3

    Chapter 8 : Steels

    Learning Objectives :
    1) Name four diferent tpes of steels and! for each! cite
    compositional diferences! distinctive properties! and tpical
    uses"
    Introduction
    Based on composition, metal alloys are grouped into two classes
    1) Ferrous iron is the principal constituent e.g. steels and cast iron
    2) Nonferrous alloys that are not iron based
    Ferrous alloys are used extensiely because!
    1) "ron ores exist in abundant #uantities.
    2) $conomical extraction, refining, and fabrication techni#ues are
    aailable.
    %) &he alloys may be tailored to hae a wide range of properties.
    'isadantages of ferrous alloys are!
    1) &hey are susceptible to corrosion.
    2) &hey hae a relatiely high density.
    %) &hey hae relatiely low electrical conductiities
    Steels
    (teels are iron)carbon alloys that may contain trace of other alloying
    elements. (ome of common steels are classified according to carbon
    concentration namely, into low), medium), and high) carbon types.
    *ow +arbon (teels
    ,f all the different steels, low carbon steels are produced in the greatest
    #uantity. &hese contain less than about -.2. wt / + and a little manganese
    Properties: nonresponsie to heat treatments0 relatiely soft and
    wea1 but hae outstanding ductility and toughness0 machinable and
    weldable
    Page 1 of 3
    Typical applications: automobile body components, structural shapes
    2")beams, channel and angle iron), sheets used in pipelines,
    buildings, bridges, and tin cans.
    High-strength, low alloy (HSLA) steels are another group of low carbon
    steels. They contain other alloying eleent ( !u, ", #i, $o) as high as %&'
    in cobine( concentration. HSLA steels posses higher strength, ore
    corrosion resistance than plain carbon steels.
    3edium +arbon (teels
    4bout -.2. ) -.5- wt / +. &he plain medium)carbon steels hae low
    hardenabilities. &he heat)treated medium) carbon steels contain +r, Ni and
    3o to improe the capacity to heat treatment thus, improing strength)
    ductility combinations. &hey are stronger than low)carbon steels
    6roperties! heat treatable, relatiely large combinations of mechanical
    characteristics.
    &ypical applications! railway wheels and trac1s, gears, cran1shafts,
    and machine parts.
    7igh +arbon (teels
    4bout -.5- 1.8 wt / +. &he hardest, strongest, and yet least ductile of
    the carbon steels. &hey are used in a hardened and tampered condition
    2wear resistance). &he tool and die steels are high carbon alloys contain
    2+r, 9, :, 3o). &he combination with + will form ery hard and wear
    resistance carbide compound 2for cutting tools).
    6roperties! hard, strong, and relatiely brittle.
    &ypical applications! chisels, hammers, 1nies, and hac1saw blades.
    7igh 4lloy (teels ;(tainless steel
    &he ma<or alloying element is +r = 11wt/. +orrosion resistant is enhanced
    by adding Ni and 3o
    6roperties! hard and wear resistant0 resistant to corrosion in a large
    ariety of enironments.
    &ypical applications! cutting tools, drills, cutlery, food processing, and
    surgical tools
    Page 2 of 3
    Page 3 of 3

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