Problemas Re Sueltos

1
EXAM III - PHYS1321 University Physics I (W.K. Chu)

04/20/2012 Friday 1:00 2:00 PM
Student Name: ...
Student No: ...
[Answer all Questions Show necessary calculations for partial credits]
[Total points 100]
1. [25 points] In Figure 1, a climber leans out against a vertical ice wall that has negligible
friction. Distance a is 0.9 m and distance L is 2.0 m. His center of mass is distance d = 1.0 m
from the feetground contact point. If he is on the verge of sliding, what is the coefficient of
static friction between feet and ground?
Figure 1
As shown in the free-body diagram, the forces on the climber consist of the normal forces FN 1 on his
hands from the ground and FN 2 on his feet from the wall, static frictional force f s , and downward
gravitational force mg . Since the climber is in static equilibrium, the net force acting on him is zero.
Applying Newtons second law to the vertical
and horizontal directions, we have
0 Fnet, x FN 2 f s
0 Fnet, y FN 1 mg .
In addition, the net torque about O (contact

point between his feet and the wall) must
also vanish:
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0 net mgd cos FN 2 L sin .
O
The torque equation gives
FN 2 mgd cos / L sin mgd cot / L .
On the other hand, from the force equation we have FN 2 f s and FN 1 mg . These expressions can
be combined to yield
f s FN 2 FN 1 cot
d
.
L
On the other hand, the frictional force can also be written as f s s FN 1 , where s is the coefficient of
static friction between his feet and the ground. From the above equation and the values given in the
problem statement, we find s to be
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2. [25 points] In Figure 2, a cube of edge length L = 0.600 m and mass 450 kg is suspended by
a rope in an open tank of liquid of density 1030 kg/m3. Find (a) the magnitude of the total
downward force on the top of the cube from the liquid and the atmosphere, assuming
atmospheric pressure is 1.00 atm, (b) the magnitude of the total upward force on the bottom
of the cube, and (c) the tension in the rope. (d) Calculate the magnitude of the buoyant force
on the cube using Archimedes' principle. What relation exists among all these quantities?
Figure 2
(a) The pressure (including the contribution from the atmosphere) at a depth of htop = L/2
(corresponding to the top of the block) is
ptop patm ghtop 1.01 105 Pa (1030 kg/m3 ) (9.8 m/s2 ) (0.300 m) 1.04 105 Pa
where the unit Pa (pascal) is equivalent to N/m2. The force on the top surface (of area A = L2 = 0.36 m2) is
Ftop = ptop A = 3.75 104 N.
(b) The pressure at a depth of hbot = 3L/2 (that of the bottom of the block) is
pbot patm ghbot 1.01 105 Pa (1030 kg/m3 ) (9.8 m/s 2 ) (0.900 m)
1.10 105 Pa
where we recall that the unit Pa (pascal) is equivalent to N/m2. The force on the bottom surface is
Fbot = pbot A = 3.96 104 N.
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(c) Taking the difference Fbot Ftop cancels the contribution from the atmosphere (including any
numerical uncertainties associated with that value) and leads to
Fbot Ftop g (hbot htop ) A gL3 2.18 103 N
which is to be expected on the basis of Archimedes principle. Two other forces act on the block: an
upward tension T and a downward pull of gravity mg. To remain stationary, the tension must be
T mg ( Fbot Ftop ) (450 kg) (9.80 m/s 2 ) 2.18 103 N 2.23 103 N.
(d) This has already been noted in the previous part: Fb 2.18 103 N , and T + Fb = mg.
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3. [25 points] In Figure 3, a 1.0 g bullet is fired into a 0.50 kg block attached to the end of a
0.60 m non-uniform rod of mass 0.50 kg. The blockrodbullet system then rotates in the
plane of the figure, about a fixed axis at A. The rotational inertia of the rod alone about that
axis at A is 0.060 kgm2. Treat the block as a particle. (a) What then is the rotational inertia
of the blockrodbullet system about point A? (b) If the angular speed of the system
about A just after impact is 4.5 rad/s, what is the bullet's speed just before impact?
Figure 3
(a) With r = 0.60 m, we obtain I = 0.060 + (0.501)r2 = 0.24 kg m2.
(b) Invoking angular momentum conservation, with SI units understood,
l 0 L f mv0 r I
0.001 v0 0.60 0.24 4.5
which leads to v0 = 1.8 103 m/s.
61. We make the unconventional choice of clockwise sense as positive, so that the angular velocities in
this problem are positive. With r = 0.60 m and I0 = 0.12 kg m2, the rotational inertia of the putty-rod
system (after the collision) is
I = I0 + (0.20)r2 = 0.19 kg m2.
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Invoking angular momentum conservation L0 L f or I 00 I , we have
I0
0.12 kg m2
0
2.4 rad/s 1.5rad/s.
I
0.19 kg m 2
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4. [25 points] A yo-yo-shaped device mounted on a horizontal frictionless axis is used to lift a
30 kg box as shown in Figure 4. The outer radius R of the device is 0.50 m, and the
radius r of the hub is 0.20 m. When a constant horizontal force of magnitude 140 N is
applied to a rope wrapped around the outside of the device, the box, which is suspended from
a rope wrapped around the hub, has an upward acceleration of magnitude 0.80 m/s2. What is
the rotational inertia of the device about its axis of rotation?
Figure 4
Let T be the tension on the rope. From Newtons second law, we have
T mg ma T m( g a) .
Since the box has an upward acceleration a = 0.80 m/s2, the tension is given by
T (30 kg)(9.8 m/s2 0.8 m/s 2 ) 318 N.

The rotation of the device is described by Fapp R Tr I Ia / r . The moment of inertia can then be
obtained as
r ( Fapp R Tr )
a
(0.20 m)[(140 N)(0.50 m) (318 N)(0.20 m)]

1.6 kg m2
2
0.80 m/s
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EXAM III - PHYS1321 University Physics I (W.K. Chu)

[Total points 100]

In addition, the net torque about O (contact

The torque equation gives

FN 2 mgd cos / L sin mgd cot / L .

Fbot Ftop g (hbot htop ) A gL3 2.18 103 N

(a) With r = 0.60 m, we obtain I = 0.060 + (0.501)r2 = 0.24 kg m2.

(b) Invoking angular momentum conservation, with SI units understood,

0.001 v0 0.60 0.24 4.5

which leads to v0 = 1.8 103 m/s.

I = I0 + (0.20)r2 = 0.19 kg m2.

T (30 kg)(9.8 m/s2 0.8 m/s 2 ) 318 N.

(0.20 m)[(140 N)(0.50 m) (318 N)(0.20 m)]

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