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Mathematical Model of The PMSG Based On Wind Energy Conversion System
Mathematical Model of The PMSG Based On Wind Energy Conversion System
Abstract This paper presents mathematical model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based on
Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). In this paper the model of WECS includes wind turbine, pitch angle control,
drive train, PMSG and power converter model. The WECS model was tested in sample system.
Keywords Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS), Wind
Turbine
1. Introduction
The wind energy is a kind of renewable and clean energy. It has been widely accepted and considered that it has all the
qualifications to reduce the use of the traditional fuel [1-3]. Wind energy conversion system (WECS) consist of wind turbine, pitch angle control, drive train, generator and power converter. There are various types of generators used in WECS
such as induction generator (IG), doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) and permanent magnet synchronous generator
(PMSG) [4]. The advantages of PMSG based on WECS are high reliable operation, low maintenance expenses and light
weight with simple structure. Moreover, the PMSG based on WECS can connect to the turbine without using gearbox [5].
This paper presents the mathematical model, simulation of PMSG based on WECS in d-q model which investigate from d-q
equivalent circuit. The model of system will be presented in section II. Section III shows simulation results.
2. Mathematical Model
This section will present mathematical model of PMSG base on WECS. It consists of wind energy conversion, wind turbine, drive train, PMSG and converter as show in Figure 1.
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(1)
Ec =
(2)
where
m = air mass
v = wind speed
= air density
1 2 1
mv = Sv 3
2
2
(3)
-c5 / i
+ c6
(4)
(5)
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Figure 2. Characteristic
The c p_ characteristics, for different value of the pitch angle , are illustrated in Figure. 2.
The power coefficient is given by
Cp =
Pm
;C p < 1
Pw
Pm = C p ( , )
S 3
v
2 wind
(6)
(7)
where
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Tm =
Pm
(8)
dt
= Tm - Ts
dt
1 d sta
= t - r
ebs dt
Ts = K ss sta + Dt
d sta
dt
(9)
(10)
(11)
where
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ISSN: 2395-0560
Ld
id
e L d iq
vd
Rs
Lq
iq
e ((Ld iq) )
vq
(12)
Ld
p r
d
1
R
i =
v i p r i d dt q Lq q Lq q Lq
Lq
(13)
(14)
where
Lq = q axis inductance
Ld = d axis inductance
R = resistance of the stator windings
iq = q axis current
id = d axis current
vq = q axis voltage
vd = d axis voltage
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ISSN: 2395-0560
(15)
d
= r
dt
(16)
where
J = inertia of rotor
F = friction of rotor
= rotor angular
A. Power Converter
Power converter consists of rectifier, DC-link and inverter. Rectifier will convert AC voltage output from PMSG based
on WECS to DC voltage. Inverter will convert DC voltage from DC-link capacitor to AC voltage at fundamental frequency. The relation of AC voltage at fundamental frequency and DC voltage is given by [10]
VB =
1
2 2
(17)
m B v dc B
where
mB = the modulation index
B = the phase angle of control wave
3. Simulation Results
The presented mathematical model of DFIG based on wind energy conversion system is tested on a sample system as
shown in Figure 4. A temporary three-phase to ground fault occurs at point m and the fault is cleared after 317 msec. It can
be observed from Figure 5 that DFIG can improve stability of power system.
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Without PMSG
100
50
With PMSG
0
-50
-100
-150
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.2
1
Time (sec)
1.4
1.6
1.8
4. Conclusion
This paper presents mathematical model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based on Wind Energy
Conversion System (WECS). The mathematical models are systematically derived. The presented model was implemented
and verified through the sample system. It was found from the simulation results the PMSG based on WECS can improve the
dynamic behaviour of the system.
REFERENCES
[1]
G. Poddar, A. joseph , and A. K. Unnikrishnan, Sensorless Variable Speed Wind Power Generator with Unity-Power-Factor Operation IEEE
Trans.Ind. Electron, vol. 50, pp 1007-1015, Oct 2003.
[2]
T. tafticht, K. Agbossou, A. Cheriti, and M. I. Doumbia, Output Power Maximum of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator based Stand
alone Wind Turbine, IEEE Industrial Electronics, Vol.3, pp 2412-2416, July 2006.
[3]
S. M. Muyeen, T. Rion, M. Toshiaki, and T. junji, Integration of an Energy Capacitor System with a variable-speed Wind Generator, IEEE
Transaction on Energy Conversion, Vol.24, issue. 3, pp. 740-749, September 2009.
[4]
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[6]
S. Saikuma, S. Saravanan, and R. V. Sandip, Modelling and Control of a Wind Turbine using Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator,
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[7]
S. Heier, "Grid Integration of Wind Energy Conversion Systems," John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1998, ISBN 0-471-97143-X
[8]
F. Mei and B. Pal, Modal Analysis of Grid-Connected Doubly Fed Induction Generators, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 22, no. 3, pp.
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[9] D. Grenier, L. A. Dessaint, Y. Bonnassieux, and B. Lepiufle, Experimental Nonlinear Torque Control of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
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[10] N. Mohan, T. M. Underland, and W. P. Robins, Power Electronics: Converters, Application, and design. Hoboken, NJ:Wiley, 2002.
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