www.fairchildsemi.

com

FSCQ0765RT

Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM) for

Quasi-Resonant Switching Converter
Features
Optimized for Quasi-Resonant Converter (QRC)
Advanced Burst-Mode operation for under 1 W standby
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power consumption
Pulse by Pulse Current Limit (5A)
Over load protection (OLP) - Auto restart
Over voltage protection (OVP) - Auto restart
Abnormal Over Current Protection (AOCP) - Latch
Internal Thermal Shutdown (TSD) - Latch
Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) with hysteresis
Low Startup Current (typical : 25uA)
Low Operating Current (typical : 4mA)
Internal High Voltage SenseFET
Built-in Soft Start (20ms)
Extended Quasi-resonant Switching for Wide Load Range

OUTPUT POWER TABLE

230VAC 15%(2)

PRODUCT

Open

Frame(1)

85-265VAC
Open Frame(1)

FSCQ0765RT

100 W

85 W

FSCQ1265RT

170 W

140 W

FSCQ1565RT

210 W

170 W

Table 1. Notes: 1. Maximum practical continuous power

in an open frame design at 50C ambient. 2. 230 VAC or
100/115 VAC with doubler.

Typical Circuit
Application
CTV
DVD Receiver
Audio Power Supply

Vo

AC
IN

Description
Drain

In general, Quasi-Resonant Converter (QRC) shows lower

EMI and higher power conversion efficiency compared to the
conventional hard switched converter with a fixed switching
frequency. Therefore, it is well suited for applications that are
sensitive to the noise, such as color TV and audio. The
FSCQ0765RT is an integrated Pulse Width Modulation
(PWM) controller and Sense FET specifically designed for
Quasi-resonant off-line Switch Mode Power Supplies
(SMPS) with minimal external components. The PWM
controller includes integrated fixed frequency oscillator, under
voltage lockout, leading edge blanking (LEB), optimized gate
driver, internal soft start, temperature compensated precise
current sources for a loop compensation and self protection
circuitry. Compared with discrete MOSFET and PWM
controller solution, it can reduce total cost, component count,
size and weight simultaneously increasing efficiency, productivity, and system reliability. This device is a basic platform
well suited for cost effective designs of Quasi resonant
switching flyback converters.

FSCQ0765RT

PWM
Sync

GND
VFB

Vcc

Figure 1. Typical Flyback Application

Rev.1.0.1
2004 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation

FSCQ0765RT

Internal Block Diagram

Sync
5

Vcc
3

Drain
1

Threshold

Quasi-resonant
(QR) switching
controller

fs
9V/15V

Soft start

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4.6V/2.6V : Normal QR
3.0V/1.8V : Extended QR

Burst mode
Controller

VBurst

Normal operation

Vcc

Auxiliary
Vref

OSC

Burst Switching

Vref

Vref

IBFB

IFB

Main bias

Normal
operation

Vref

Internal
bias

IB

Idelay

FB

Vcc good

PWM

4
2.5R

Gate
driver

R
LEB
600ns
VSD
Sync
Vovp

Vcc good

AOCP
Q

2 GND

TSD
Power off Reset

Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram of FSCQ0765RT

Vocp

FSCQ0765RT

Pin Definitions
Pin Number

Pin Name

Drain

GND

This pin is the control ground and the SenseFET source.

Vcc

This pin is the positive supply input. This pin provides internal operating
current for both start-up and steady-state operation.

Vfb

This pin is internally connected to the inverting input of the PWM comparator.
The collector of an opto-coupler is typically tied to this pin. For stable
operation, a capacitor should be placed between this pin and GND. If the
voltage of this pin reaches 7.5V, the over load protection triggers resulting in
shutdown of the FPS.

Sync

This pin is internally connected to the sync detect comparator for quasi
resonant switching. In normal quasi-resonant operation, the threshold of the
sync comparator is 4.6V/2.6V. Meanwhile, the sync threshold is changed to
3.0V/1.8V in extended quasi-resonant operation.

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Pin Function Description

High voltage power SenseFET drain connection.

Pin Configuration

TO-220F-5L

5.Sync
4.Vfb
3.Vcc
2.GND
1.Drain

Figure 3. Pin Configuration (Top View)

FSCQ0765RT

Absolute Maximum Ratings

(Ta=25C, unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
Drain-Source (GND) Voltage

(1)

Drain-Gate Voltage (RGS=1M)

Gate-Source (GND) Voltage
(2)

Symbol

Value

Unit

VDSS

650

VDGR

650

VGS

30

IDM

15

ADC

EAS

570

mJ

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Continuous Drain Current (Tc = 25C)

ID

3.8

ADC

Continuous Drain Current (TC=100C)

ID

2.4

ADC

VCC

20

Drain Current Pulsed

Single Pulsed Avalanche Energy (3)

Supply Voltage

Vsync

-0.3 to 13V

VFB

-0.3 to VCC

Total Power Dissipation

PD

45

Operating Junction Temperature

TJ

+150

Operating Ambient Temperature

TA

-25 to +85

Storage Temperature Range

TSTG

-55 to +150

Thermal Resistance

Rthjc

2.6

C/W

Analog Input Voltage Range

Notes:
1. Tj = 25C to 150C
2. Repetitive rating: Pulse width limited by maximum junction temperature
3. L = 21mH, VDD = 50V, RG = 25, starting Tj = 25C

FSCQ0765RT

Electrical Characteristics (SenseFET Part)

(Ta=25C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter

Symbol

Drain-Source Breakdown Voltage

BVDSS

Zero Gate Voltage Drain Current

IDSS

Static Drain-source on Resistance (Note) RDS(ON)

Input Capacitance

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Coss

Reverse Transfer Capacitance

Crss

Turn on Delay Time

td(on)

Turn Off Delay Time

Fall Time

VGS = 0V, ID = 250A

tr
td (off)
tf

Total Gate Charge

(Gate-Source+Gate-Drain)

Qg

Gate-Source Charge

Qgs

Gate-Drain (Miller) Charge

Qgd

Min.

Typ. Max.

Unit

650

VDS = Max, Rating, VGS = 0V

200

VDS= 0.8*Max., Rating

VGS = 0V, TC = 85C

300

VGS = 10V, ID = 2.3A

1.4

1.6

Ciss

Output Capacitance

Rise Time

Condition

VGS = 0V, VDS = 25V,

f = 1MHz
VDD= 0.5BVDSS, ID= 7.0A
(MOSFET switching
times are essentially
independent of operating
temperature)
VGS = 10V, ID = 7.0A,
VDS = 0.5BVDSS (MOSFET
Switching times are essentially
independent of operating
temperature)

1415 1840

100

130

15

20

25

60

60

130

110

230

65

140

40

52

9.1

12

17

pF

ns

nC

Note:
1. Pulse test : Pulse width 300S, duty 2%

FSCQ0765RT

Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

(Ta=25C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter

Symbol

Condition

Min. Typ. Max. Unit

UVLO SECTION
Vcc Start Threshold Voltage

VSTART

VFB = GND

14

15

16

Vcc Stop Threshold Voltage

VSTOP

VFB = GND

10

BVpkg

60HZ AC, Ta = 25C

3500

BVdss

Ta = 25C

650

Vdrain = 400V, Ta = 25C

200

uA

SENSEFET SECTION
Drain To PKG Breakdown Voltage (Note4)
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Drain To Source Breakdown Voltage

Drain To Source Leakage Current

Idss

OSCILLATOR SECTION
Initial Frequency

FOSC

Voltage Stability

FSTABLE

18

20

22

kHz

12V Vcc 23V

-25C Ta 85C

10

Temperature Stability (Note2)

FOSC

Maximum Duty Cycle

DMAX

92

95

98

Minimum Duty Cycle

DMIN

FEEDBACK SECTION
Feedback Source Current

IFB

VFB = 0.8V

0.5

0.65

0.8

mA

Shutdown Feedback Voltage

VSD

Vfb 6.9V

7.0

7.5

8.0

IDELAY

VFB = 5V

Shutdown Delay Current

PROTECTION SECTION
Over Voltage Protection

VOVP

Vsync 11V

11

12

13

Over Current Latch Voltage (Note2)

VOCL

0.9

1.0

1.1

TSD

140

Thermal Shutdown Temp (Note4)

Note:
1. These parameters is the current flowing in the Control IC.
2. These parameters, although guaranteed, are tested only in EDS (wafer test) process.
3. These parameters indicate Inductor Current.
4. These parameters, although guaranteed at the design, are not tested in mass production.

FSCQ0765RT

Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

(Ta=25C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter

Symbol

Condition

Min. Typ. Max.

Unit

Sync SECTION
Sync Threshold in normal QR (H)

VSH1

Vcc = 16V, Vfb = 5V

4.2

4.6

5.0

Sync Threshold in normal QR (L)

VSL1

Vcc = 16V, Vfb = 5V

2.3

2.6

2.9

Sync Threshold in extended QR (H)

VSH2

Vcc = 16V, Vfb = 5V

2.7

3.0

3.3

Sync Threshold in extended QR (L)

VSL2

Vcc = 16V, Vfb = 5V

1.6

1.8

2.0

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Extended QR enable frequency

FSYH

90

kHz

Extended QR disable frequency

FSYL

45

kHz

BURST MODE SECTION

Burst Mode Enable Feedback Voltage

VBEN

0.25

0.40

0.55

Burst Mode Feedback Source Current

IBFB

60

100

140

uA

Burst Mode switching Time

TBS

VFB = 0V

1.2

1.4

1.6

ms

Burst Mode Hold Time

TBH

VFB = 0V

1.2

1.4

1.6

ms

18

20

22

ms

SOFTSTART SECTION
Soft start Time (Note2)

TSS

CURRENT LIMIT(SELF-PROTECTION)SECTION
Peak Current Limit (Note3)

ILIM

4.4

5.0

5.6

Burst Mode Peak Current Limit (Note4)

IBPK

0.65

0.9

1.15

TOTAL DEVICE SECTION

ISTART

VCC = VSTART-0.1V

25

50

uA

ISL

VCC = VSTOP-0.1V

50

100

uA

- In normal operation

IOP

Vfb = 2V, VCC = 18V

mA

- In burst mode (without switching)

IOB

Vfb = GND, VCC = 18V

0.25

0.50

mA

Startup Current
Sustain Latch Current
Operating Supply Current (Note1)

Note:
1. These parameters is the current flowing in the Control IC.
2. These parameters, although guaranteed, are tested only in EDS (wafer test) process.
3. These parameters indicate Inductor Current.
4. These parameters, although guaranteed at the design, are not tested in mass production.

FSCQ0765RT

Comparison Between KA5Q0765RT and FSCQ0765RT

Function

KA5Q0765RT

FSCQ0765RT

Startup Current

Max. 200uA

Max. 50uA

Lower standby power consumption

Operating supply Current

Typ. 10mA

Typ. 4mA

Operating current is reduced in burst operation

to minimize standby power consumption
- Normal operation : 4mA
- Burst mode with switching : 4mA
- Burst mode without switching : 0.25mA

Switching in Burst mode

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Output regulation in
standby mode

FSCQ0765RT Advantages

Quasi-resonant Fixed frequency

switching
switching (20kHz)
Vcc control
with hysteresis

Output voltage
feedback control

Easy to determine the output voltage in the

standby mode

Output Voltage drop in

burst mode

about half

Any level

Primary side regulation

Available

N/A

Soft start

N/A

Available

Internal soft-start (20ms)

Extended Quasi-resonant
switching

N/A

Available

- Guarantees wide load range

- Improved efficiency at high line input

Lower power consumption in the standby mode

through larger output voltage drop

FSCQ0765RT

Electrical characteristics

Burst-mode Supply Current( Non-Switching)

Operating Supply Current

1.4

Normalized to 25

Normalized to 25

1.2

1.0

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0.8
-50

50

100

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6
-50

150

50

Temp[ ]

Normalized to 25

Normalized to 25

1.10

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

50
Temp[ ]

100

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90
-50

150

100

150

Initial Frequency
1.10

Normalized to 25

1.10

Normalized to 25

50

Temp[ ]

Stop Threshold Voltage

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90
-50

150

Start Threshold Voltage

Start-Up Current
1.4

-50

100

Temp[ ]

50

Temp[ ]

100

150

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90
-50

50

100

150

Temp[]

FSCQ0765RT

Electrical characteristics

Maximum Duty Cycle

Over Voltage Protection

1.10

Normalized to 25

Normalized to 25

1.10

1.05

1.00

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0.95

0.90
-50

50

100

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90
-50

150

Shutdown Delay Current

Normalized to 25

Normalized to 25

1.1

1.0

0.9

50

100

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90
-50

150

50

100

150

Temp[ ]

Temp[ ]

Feedback Source Current

Burst_mode Feedback Source Current

1.2

Normalized to 25

1.2

Normalized to 25

150

1.10

0.8
-50

10

100

Shutdown Feedback Voltage

1.2

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8
-50

50

Temp[ ]

Temp[ ]

50
Temp[ ]

100

150

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8
-50

50

Temp[ ]

100

150

FSCQ0765RT

Electrical characteristics

Feedback Offset Voltage

Burst_Mode Enable Feedback Voltage

1.4

1.2

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Normalized to 25

Normalized to 25

1.4

1.0

0.8

0.6
-50

50

Temp[ ]

100

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6
-50

150

Normalized to 25

Normalized to 25

150

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

50

100

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90
-50

150

Temp[]

50

100

150

Temp[ ]

Sync. Threshold in Extended QR(H)

Sync. Threshold in Extended QR(L)

1.10

1.10

Normalized to 25

Normalized to 25

100

Sync. Threshold in Normal QR(L)

Sync. Threshold in Normal QR(H)

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90
-50

50

Temp[]

1.10

0.90
-50

50

Temp[ ]

100

150

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90
-50

50

100

150

Temp[ ]

11

FSCQ0765RT

Functional Description
1. Startup : Figure 4 shows the typical startup circuit and
transformer auxiliary winding for FSCQ0765RT application.
Before FSCQ0765RT begins switching, FSCQ0765RT
consumes only startup current (typically 25uA) and the
current supplied from the AC line charges the external
capacitor (Ca1) that is connected to the Vcc pin. When Vcc
reaches start voltage of 15V (VSTART), FSCQ0765RT begins
switching, and the current consumed by FSCQ0765RT
increases to 4mA. Then, FSCQ0765RT continues its normal
switching operation and the power required for this device is
supplied from the transformer auxiliary winding, unless Vcc
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drops below the stop voltage of 9V (VSTOP). To guarantee the
stable operation of the control IC, Vcc has under voltage
lockout (UVLO) with 6V hysteresis. Figure 5 shows the
relation between the FSCQ0765RT operating supply current
and the supply voltage (Vcc).

The minimum average of the current supplied from the AC is

given by
min

I sup

avg

2 V ac
V start 1
- ---------= ----------------------------- ------------2 R str

where Vacmin is the minimum input voltage, Vstart is the

FSCQ0765RT start voltage (15V) and Rstr is the startup
resistor. The startup resistor should be chosen so that Isupavg
is larger than the maximum startup current (50uA).
Once the resistor value is determined, the maximum loss in
the startup resistor is obtained as
max 2

max

) + V start
2 2 V start V ac
1 ( V ac
-
- ----------------------------------------------------Loss = ---------- -------------------------------------------------R str

where Vacmax is the maximum input voltage. The startup

resistor should have proper rated dissipation wattage.
2. Synchronization : FSCQ0765RT employs quasi-resonant
switching technique to minimize the switching noise and loss.
In this technique, a capacitor (Cr) is added between the
MOSFET drain and source as shown in Figure 6. The basic
waveforms of quasi-resonant converter are shown in Figure
7. The external capacitor lowers the rising slop of drain
voltage to reduce the EMI caused when the MOSFET turns
off. In order to minimize the MOSFET switching loss, the
MOSFET should be turned on when the drain voltage reaches
its minimum value as shown in Figure 7.

C DC

1N4007
AC line
(V acmin - V acmax )

Isup
Rstr
Da

Vcc

FSCQ0765RT
C a2

C a1

C DC

+
V DC
-

Np
Ns
Lm

Vo

Figure 4. Startup circuit

Drain
Cr
Ids

Sync

Icc

+
V ds
-

GND

V co

V cc

Da

R cc
C a1

C a2

Na
D SY

4mA
R SY1

Power Down

Power Up
C SY

25uA

R SY2

Vcc
Vstop=9V

Vstart=15V

Vz

Figure 6. Synchronization circuit

Figure 5. Relation between operating supply current and
Vcc voltage

12

FSCQ0765RT

Vds
MOSFET
off

MOSFET
on

2V R O

Vgs

TQ

VRO

Vs ync

VRO

Vds
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V sypk

VDC
Vrh (4 .6V)
Vrf (2 .6V)

TR

Ids

Ipk

Figure 7. Quasi-resonant operation waveforms

MOS FET Gate

ON

ON

Figure 8. Normal quasi-resonant operation waveforms

The minimum drain voltage is indirectly detected by

monitoring the Vcc winding voltage as shown in Figure 6
and 8. The voltage divider RSY1 and RSY2 should be chosen so
that the peak voltage of sync signal (Vsypk) is lower than the
OVP voltage (12V) in order to avoid triggering OVP in
normal operation. It is typical to set Vsypk to be lower than
OVP voltage by 3-4 V. In order to detect the optimum time to
turn on MOSFET, the sync capacitor (CSY) should be
determined so that TR is the same with TQ as shown in Figure
8. The TR and TQ are given as, respectively

Switching
frequency
Extended QR operation

90kHz

Normal QR operation

45kHz

TR

V co
R SY2
= R SY2 C SY ln --------- -----------------------------------
2.6 R SY1 + R SY2

T Q = L m C eo
N a ( V o + V FO )
V co = ---------------------------------------- V Fa
Ns

where Lm is the primary side inductance of the transformer,

Ns and Na are the number of turns for the output winding and
Vcc winding, respectively, VFo and VFa are the diode
forward voltage drops of the output winding and Vcc
winding, respectively, and Ceo is the sum of the output
capacitance of MOSFET and external capacitor Cr.

13

Output power

Figure 9. Extended quasi-resonant operation

In general, quasi-resonant converter has a limitation in a

wide load range application, since the switching frequency
increases as the output load decreases, resulting in a severe
switching loss in the light load condition. In order to get over
this limitation, FSCQ0765RT employs extended quasiresonant switching operation. Figure 9 shows the mode
change between normal quasi-resonant operation and
extended quasi-resonant operation. In the normal quasiresonant operation, the FSCQ0765RT enters into the
extended quasi-resonant operation when the switching
frequency exceeds 90kHz as the load reduces. Then, the
MOSFET is turned on, when the drain voltage reaches the

FSCQ0765RT

second minimum level as shown in Figure 10, which reduces

the switching frequency. Once FSCQ0765RT enters into
extended quasi-resonant operation, the first sync signal is
ignored. After the first sync signal is applied, the sync
threshold levels are changed from 4.6V and 2.6V to 3V and
1.8V, respectively, and the MOSFET turn-on time is
synchronized to the second sync signal. The FSCQ0765RT
goes back to its normal quasi-resonant operation when the
switching frequency reaches 45kHz as the load increases.

3.2 Leading edge blanking (LEB) : At the instant the

internal Sense FET is turned on, there usually exists a high
current spike through the Sense FET, caused by external
resonant capacitor across the MOSFET and secondary-side
rectifier reverse recovery. Excessive voltage across the
Rsense resistor would lead to incorrect feedback operation in
the current mode PWM control. To counter this effect, the
FSCQ0765RT employs a leading edge blanking (LEB)
circuit. This circuit inhibits the PWM comparator for a short
time (TLEB) after the Sense FET is turned on.

Vds
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Vcc

2VRO

Vref

Idelay

IFB

Vfb

Vo

H11A817A
CB

D2
2.5R
+
Vfb*

Vsync
KA431

3V

Gate
driver

4.6V
2.6V

SenseFET

OSC

D1

VSD

OLP

Rsense

1.8V
Figure 11. Pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit

MOSFET Gate

ON

ON

Figure 10. Extended quasi-resonant operation waveforms

3. Feedback Control : FSCQ0765RT employs current mode

control, as shown in Figure 11. An opto-coupler (such as the
H11A817A) and shunt regulator (such as the KA431) are
typically used to implement the feedback network.
Comparing the feedback voltage with the voltage across the
Rsense resistor plus an offset voltage makes it possible to
control the switching duty cycle. When the reference pin
voltage of the KA431 exceeds the internal reference voltage
of 2.5V, the H11A817A LED current increases, thus pulling
down the feedback voltage and reducing the duty cycle. This
event typically happens when the input voltage is increased
or the output load is decreased.
3.1 Pulse-by-pulse current limit: Because current mode
control is employed, the peak current through the Sense FET
is limited by the inverting input of PWM comparator (Vfb*)
as shown in Figure 11. The feedback current (IFB) and
internal resistors are designed so that the maximum cathode
voltage of diode D2 is about 2.8V, which occurs when all IFB
flows through the internal resistors. Since D1 is blocked
when the feedback voltage (Vfb) exceeds 2.8V, the
maximum voltage of the cathode of D2 is clamped at this
voltage, thus clamping Vfb*. Therefore, the peak value of
the current through the Sense FET is limited.

4. Protection Circuit : The FSCQ0765RT has several self

protective functions such as over load protection (OLP),
abnormal over current protection (AOCP), over voltage
protection (OVP) and thermal shutdown (TSD). OLP and
OVP are auto-restart mode protection, while TSD and AOCP
are latch mode protection. Because these protection circuits
are fully integrated into the IC without external components,
the reliability can be improved without increasing cost.
-Auto-restart mode protection: Once the fault condition is
detected, switching is terminated and the Sense FET remains
off. This causes Vcc to fall. When Vcc falls down to the
under voltage lockout (UVLO) stop voltage of 9V, the
protection is reset and FSCQ0765RT consumes only startup
current (25uA). Then, Vcc capacitor is charged up, since the
current supplied through the startup resistor is larger than the
current that FPS consumes. When Vcc reaches the start
voltage of 15V, FSCQ0765RT resumes its normal operation.
If the fault condition is not removed, the SenseFET remains
off and Vcc drops to stop voltage again. In this manner, the
auto-restart can alternately enable and disable the switching
of the power Sense FET until the fault condition is
eliminated (see Figure 12).
-Latch mode protection: Once protection triggers,
switching is terminated and the Sense FET remains off until
the AC power line is un-plugged. Then, Vcc continues
charging and discharging between 9V and 15V. The latch is
reset only when Vcc is discharged to 6V by un-plugging the
Ac power line.

14

FSCQ0765RT

Vds

Power
on

Fault
occurs

V FB

Over load protection

7.5V

Fault
removed

2.8V
Vcc

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T12= CB*(7.5-2.8)/Idelay

15V
9V

T1

T2

Figure 13. Over load protection

25uA

t
Normal
operation

Fault
situation

Normal
operation

Figure 12. Auto restart mode protection

4.1 Over Load Protection (OLP) : Overload is defined as

the load current exceeding its normal level due to an
unexpected abnormal event. In this situation, the protection
circuit should trigger in order to protect the SMPS. However,
even when the SMPS is in the normal operation, the over
load protection circuit can be triggered during the load
transition. In order to avoid this undesired operation, the
over load protection circuit is designed to trigger after a
specified time to determine whether it is a transient situation
or an overload situation. Because of the pulse-by-pulse
current limit capability, the maximum peak current through
the Sense FET is limited, and therefore the maximum input
power is restricted with a given input voltage. If the output
consumes more than this maximum power, the output
voltage (Vo) decreases below the set voltage. This reduces
the current through the opto-coupler LED, which also
reduces the opto-coupler transistor current, thus increasing
the feedback voltage (Vfb). If Vfb exceeds 2.8V, D1 is
blocked and the 5uA current source starts to charge CB
slowly up to Vcc. In this condition, Vfb continues increasing
until it reaches 7.5V, when the switching operation is
terminated as shown in Figure 13. The delay time for
shutdown is the time required to charge CB from 2.8V to
7.5V with 5uA. In general, a 20 ~ 50 ms delay time is typical
for most applications. This protection is implemented in auto
restart mode.

4.2 Abnormal Over Current Protection (AOCP) : When

the secondary rectifier diodes or the transformer pins are
shorted, a steep current with extremely high di/dt can flow
through the SenseFET during the LEB time. Even though the
FSCQ0765RT has OLP (Over Load Protection), it is not
enough to protect the FSCQ0765RT in that abnormal case,
since sever current stress will be imposed on the SenseFET
until OLP triggers. The FSCQ0765RT has an internal AOCP
(Abnormal Over Current Protection) circuit as shown in
Figure 14. When the gate turn-on signal is applied to the
power Sense FET, the AOCP block is enabled and monitors
the current through the sensing resistor. The voltage across
the resistor is then compared with a preset AOCP level. If
the sensing resistor voltage is greater than the AOCP level,
the set signal is applied to the latch, resulting in the
shutdown of SMPS. This protection is implemented in latch
mode.

2.5R

OSC

PWM

Gate
driver

LEB

Rsense
2

AOCP
-

4mA

Iop

Vaocp

GND

Figure 14. AOCP block

4.3 Over voltage Protection (OVP) : If the secondary side

feedback circuit were to malfunction or a solder defect
caused an open in the feedback path, the current through the
opto-coupler transistor becomes almost zero. Then, Vfb
climbs up in a similar manner to the over load situation,
15

FSCQ0765RT

forcing the preset maximum current to be supplied to the

SMPS until the over load protection triggers. Because more
energy than required is provided to the output, the output
voltage may exceed the rated voltage before the over load
protection triggers, resulting in the breakdown of the devices
in the secondary side. In order to prevent this situation, an
over voltage protection (OVP) circuit is employed. In
general, the peak voltage of the sync signal is proportional to
the output voltage and the FSCQ0765RT uses sync signal
instead of directly monitoring the output voltage. If sync
signal exceeds 12V, an OVP is triggered resulting in a
shutdown of SMPS. In order to avoid undesired triggering of
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OVP during normal operation, the peak voltage of sync
signal should be designed to be below 12V. This protection
is implemented in auto restart mode.

V o2

5. Soft Start : The FSCQ0765RT has an internal soft start

circuit that increases PWM comparator inverting input
voltage together with the SenseFET current slowly after it
starts up. The typical soft start time is 20msec. The pulse
width to the power switching device is progressively
increased to establish the correct working conditions for
transformers, inductors, and capacitors. It also helps to
prevent transformer saturation and reduce the stress on the
secondary diode during startup. For a fast build up of the
output voltage, an offset is introduced in the soft-start
reference current.
6. Burst operation : In order to minimize the power
consumption in the standby mode, FSCQ0765RT employs
burst operation. Once FSCQ0765RT enters into burt mode,
FSCQ0765RT allows all output voltages and effective
switching frequency to be reduced. Figure 15 shows the
typical feedback circuit for C-TV applications. In normal
operation, the picture on signal is applied and the transistor
Q1 is turned on, which de-couples R3, Dz and D1 from the
feedback network. Therefore, only Vo1 is regulated by the
feedback circuit in normal operation and determined by R1
and R2 as
V o1

norm

R1 + R2
= 2.5 ---------------------
R2

In standby mode, the picture on signal is disabled and the

transistor Q1 is turned off, which couples R3, Dz and D1 to
the reference pin of KA431. Then, Vo2 is determined by the
zener diode breakdown voltage. Assuming that the forward
voltage drop of D1 is 0.7V, Vo2 in standby mode is approximately given by

16

= V Z + 0.7 + 2.5

VO2
Linear
Regulator

VO1 (B+)
RD
R1
CF

KA431
A

Micom

Dz

Rbias

4.4 Thermal Shutdown (TSD) : The SenseFET and the

control IC are built in one package. This makes it easy for
the control IC to detect the abnormal over temperature of the
SenseFET. When the temperature exceeds approximately
150C, the thermal shutdown triggers. This protection is
implemented in latch mode.

stby

RF

D1

R3

Q1
Picture ON

R2

Figure 15. Typical feedback circuit to drop output voltage

in standby mode

Figure 16 shows the burst mode operation waveforms. When

the picture ON signal is disabled, Q1 is turned off and R3
and Dz are connected to the reference pin of KA431 through
D1. Before Vo2 drops to Vo2stby, the voltage on the reference
pin of KA431 is higher than 2.5V, which increases the
current through the opto LED. This pulls down the feedback
voltage (VFB) of FSCQ0765RT and forces FSCQ0765RT to
stop switching. If the switching is disabled longer than
1.4ms, FSCQ0765RT enters into burst operation and the
operating current is reduced from 4mA (IOP) to 0.35mA
(IOB). Since there is no switching, Vo2 decrease until it
reaches Vo2stby. As Vo2 reaches Vo2stby, the current through
the opto LED decreases allowing the feedback voltage to
rise. When the feedback voltage reaches 0.4V, FSCQ0765RT
resumes switching with a predetermined peak drain current
of 0.9A. After burst switching for 1.4ms, FSCQ0765RT
stops switching and checks the feedback voltage. If the
feedback voltage is below 0.4V, FSCQ0765RT stops
switching until the feedback voltage increases to 0.4V. If the
feedback voltage is above 0.4V, FSCQ0765RT goes back to
the normal operation.

FSCQ0765RT

(a)

(b)

(c)

Vo2 norm

V o2 stby

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V FB
0.4V

Iop
I OP (4m A)

I OB (0.35m A)

Vds

Picture On

Picture On

Picture Off
Burst Mode

0.4V

0.4V
0.3V

VFB

0.4V

Vds

1.4ms
Ids

1.4ms

0.9A

1.4ms

0.9A

(a) M ode change to Burst operation

(b) Burst operation

(c) M ode change to Normal operation

Figure 16. Waveforms of burst operation

17

FSCQ0765RT

Typical application circuit

Application

Output power

Input voltage

Output voltage (Max current)

12V (1A)

C-TV

83W

Universal input

18V (0.5A)

(85-265Vac)

125V (0.4A)
24V (0.5A)

Features
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High efficiency (>80% at 85Vac input)

Wider load range through the extended quasi-resonant operation

Low standby mode power consumption (<1W)
Low component count
Enhanced system reliability through various protection functions
Internal soft-start (20ms)

Key Design Notes

24V output is designed to drop to around 8V in standby mode

1. Schematic

T1
E ER 3540
R T101
5D-9

R 101
100k
0.25W

B D101

S YNC
3 V cc IC101
5
FS CQ0765R T
GN D
2

C103
10uF
50V

FB
4

C106
47nF
50V

C210
470pF
1k V

D105
1N4937

18V , 0.5A

13

C107
1nF
1k V

12

C209
470pF
1k V

D106
1N4148

R 105
470
0.25W

14
15
16

C105
3.9nF
50V

C207
470pF
1k V

L 202
C201 B EA D
100u F
160V

125V , 0.4A
C202
47u F
160V

D203
E GP 20D
24V , 0.5A

17

L F101

18

OP T O101
817A

C208
470pF
1k V

R 202
1k
0.25W

C301
2.2n F

C203
1000u F
35V

V R 201
30k

R 201
1k
0.25W

C101
330n F
275V A C

18

C205
1000u F
35V

D202
E GP20J
R 104 D103 R 103 6
1.5k 1N4937 5.1
0.25W
0.25W

FU S E
250V
3.0A

C204
1000u F
35V

D204
E GP 20D

R 106 C104
1k 10u F
1W
50V

1
Dr ai n
ZD102
18V
1W

11

B E A D101

R 102
150k
0.25W

12V , 1A

10

C102
220uF
400V

D205
E GP 20D

Q201
K A 431
LZ

R 203
39k
0.25W

C206
150nF
50V

R 205
220k D201
0.25W 1N4148

R 204
4.7k
0.25W

ZD201
5.1V
0.5W
R 208
1k
0.25W

Q202
K S C945

SW 201
R 207
5.1k
0.25W
R 206
10k
0.25W

FSCQ0765RT

2. Transformer Schematic Diagram

EER3540
N p1

18

17

Na

16

N18V

15

14

N 24V

N p2

N 125V/2

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N125V/2
Np2

N 125V/2

N12V

13

N24V

N 12V
Na

12

N125V/2

11

Np1

10

N 18V

3.Winding Specification
No

Pin (sf)

Wire

Turns

Winding Method

1-3

0.5 1

32

Center Winding

16 - 15

0.5 1

32

Center Winding

N24V

18 - 17

0.4

13

Center Winding

N12V

12 - 13

0.5 2

Center Winding

3-4

0.5 1

32

Center Winding

15 - 14

0.5

32

Center Winding

11 - 10

0.4 2

10

Center Winding

7-6

20

Center Winding

Np1
N125V/2

Np2
N125V/2
N18V
Na

0.3 1

4.Electrical Characteristics

Inductance
Leakage Inductance

Pin

Specification

1-3

515uH 5%

1-3

10uH Max

Remarks
1kHz, 1V
2nd

all short

5. Core & Bobbin

Core : EER 3540
Bobbin : EER3540
Ae : 107 mm2

19

FSCQ0765RT

6.Demo Circuit Part List

Part

Value

Note
Fuse

FUSE

250V / 3A

Part

Value

Note

C210

470pF / 1kV

Ceramic Capacitor

C301

3.3nF / 1kV

AC Ceramic Capacitor

NTC
RT101

Inductor

5D-9
Resistor

R101

100k

0.25 W

R102
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BEAD101

BEAD

BEAD201

5uH

3A
Diode

150k

0.25 W

D101

1N4937

1A, 600V

R103

5.1

0.25 W

D102

1N4937

1A, 600V

R104

1.5k

0.25 W

D103

1N4148

0.15A, 50V

R105

470

0.25 W

D104

Short

R106

1k

1W

D105

Open

R107

Open

ZD101

1N5246

R201

1k

0.25 W

ZD102

Open

R202

1k

0.25 W

ZD201

1N5231

5.1V, 0.5W

R203

39k

0.25 W

D201

1N4148

0.15A, 50V

R204

4.7k

0.25 W , 1%

D202

EGP20J

2A, 600V

R205

220k

0.25 W , 1%

D203

EGP20D

2A, 200V

R206

10k

0.25 W

D204

EGP20D

2A, 200V

R207

5.1k

0.25 W

D205

EGP20D

2A, 200V

R208

1k

0.25 W

VR201

30k

C101

330n/275VAC

Box Capacitor

C102

220uF / 400V

Electrolytic

C103

10uF / 50V

Electrolytic

C104

10uF / 50V

Electrolytic

C105

3.9nF / 50V

Film Capacitor

C106

47nF / 50V

Film Capacitor

C107

1nF / 1kV

Film Capacitor

C108

Open

C201

100uF / 160V

Bridge Diode
Capacitor

20

18V, 1W

BD101

Electrolytic

GSIB660

6A, 600V

Line Filter
LF101

14mH
Transformer

T101

EER3540

SW201

ON/OFF

Switch
For MCU Signal
IC
IC101

FSCQ0765RT

OPT101

817A

C202

47uF / 160V

Electrolytic

Q201

KA431LZ

C203

1000uF / 35V

Electrolytic

Q202

KSC945

C204

1000uF / 35V

Electrolytic

C205

1000uF / 35V

Electrolytic

C206

150nF / 50V

Film Capacitor

C207

470pF / 1kV

Ceramic Capacitor

C208

470pF / 1kV

Ceramic Capacitor

C209

470pF / 1kV

Ceramic Capacitor

TO220F-5L
TO-92

FSCQ0765RT

7. Layout

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Figure 17. Layout Considerations for FSCQ0765RT

Figure 18. Layout Considerations for FSCQ0765RT

21

FSCQ0765RT

Package Dimensions
Dimensions in Millimeters

TO-220F-5L(Forming)

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22

FSCQ0765RT

Ordering Information
Product Number
FSCQ0765RTYDTU

Package

Marking Code

BVdss

Rds(ON) Max.

TO-220F-5L(Forming)

CQ0765RT

650V

1.6

YDTU : Forming Type

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23

FSCQ0765RT

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DISCLAIMER
FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY
PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY
LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER
DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS.
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
FAIRCHILDS PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES
OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR
CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems
which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body,
or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to
perform when properly used in accordance with
instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be
reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the
user.

2. A critical component in any component of a life support

device or system whose failure to perform can be
reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support
device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

www.fairchildsemi.com
7/7/04 0.0m 001
2004 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation