OBSERVATOR

instruments

OMC-118 Ultrasonic windsensor

Users Manual

Issue 17, January 2007

Observator instruments b.v.

Rietdekkerstraat 6
2984 BM Ridderkerk
The Netherlands
Tel. + 31 180 463411
Fax + 31 180 463530
info@observator.com

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OMC-118 Anemometer
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WindObserver II
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Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

FOREWORD............................................................................................6
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................6
FAST TRACK SET-UP ............................................................................6
SPECIFICATION .....................................................................................7
PRE-INSTALLATION ..............................................................................8

5.1.
5.2.

Equipment supplied ............................................................................................ 8

Installation requirements .................................................................................... 8

6.

INSTALLATION.....................................................................................10

6.1.
6.2.
6.3.
6.4.

Installation Guidelines ...................................................................................... 10

Bench system test ............................................................................................ 11
Cabling ............................................................................................................. 11
Connections...................................................................................................... 12
Connecting to a Gill WindDisplay ........................................................................... 13
Connecting to a PC with a RS422 or RS485 input ................................................. 14
Networking units .................................................................................................... 15
Connecting to a PCI Unit with RS422 input ............................................................ 16
Indoor Power and Communications Interface (Part 1189-PK-021) ........................ 16
PCI Electrical Power Requirements........................................................................ 16
PCI Connector Pin and Cable assignments ........................................................... 17

6.5.

Analogue connections ...................................................................................... 19

Connections for 5V output ...................................................................................... 19
Connections for 2.5V output .............................................................................. 19
Connections for 4-20mA output .............................................................................. 19
Connections for 4-20mA output .............................................................................. 20

6.6.
6.7.

Power supplies ................................................................................................. 20

Mechanical installation ..................................................................................... 21
Location................................................................................................................... 21
Orientation .............................................................................................................. 21
Mounting bracket .................................................................................................... 21
Alignment ................................................................................................................ 23

7.
8.

USING WITH THE GILL WINDDISPLAY ..............................................25

MESSAGE FORMATS & OPTIONS......................................................26

8.1.
8.2.
8.3.
8.4.
8.5.

Wind Speed format........................................................................................... 26

Output formats.................................................................................................. 26
Networking........................................................................................................ 26
Units ................................................................................................................. 27
Output rate........................................................................................................ 28

8.6.
8.7.

Averaging ......................................................................................................... 28
Options ............................................................................................................. 28

Sample Average ..................................................................................................... 28

Speed of Sound (SOS) and Temperature .............................................................. 28

Heating (If fitted) .................................................................................................... 28
45 Offset ................................................................................................................ 28
Vertical Output Padding .......................................................................................... 28

8.8.

ASCII message format (UV and Polar)............................................................. 29

ASCII UV format .................................................................................................... 29
ASCII Polar format ................................................................................................. 30

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8.9.

Binary message format (UV, Polar and Tunnel)............................................... 30

Binary UV format..................................................................................................... 30
Binary Polar format ................................................................................................. 31
Binary Tunnel format............................................................................................... 31

8.10.
8.11.

NMEA Format................................................................................................... 32
Analogue outputs and options .......................................................................... 33
Output modes ......................................................................................................... 33
Channel outputs...................................................................................................... 33
Status ...................................................................................................................... 33
Temperature ........................................................................................................... 33
Tunnel mode ........................................................................................................... 33
Scaling .................................................................................................................... 33
Polar mode direction wraparound........................................................................... 34
Low wind speeds .................................................................................................... 34

9.

CONFIGURING......................................................................................35

9.1.
9.2.
9.3.
9.4.
9.5.
9.6.
9.7.
9.8.
9.9.
9.10.

Entering Configuration mode............................................................................ 35

Returning to Measurement mode ..................................................................... 35
Checking the configuration ............................................................................... 36
Changing settings............................................................................................. 36
Output format.................................................................................................... 36
Unit Identifier .................................................................................................... 37
Units ................................................................................................................. 37
Output rate........................................................................................................ 37
Averaging ......................................................................................................... 37
Options ............................................................................................................. 37
Speed of Sound (SOS) and Temperature .............................................................. 37
Heating (If fitted) .................................................................................................... 37
NMEA...................................................................................................................... 38
Vertical Output Padding .......................................................................................... 38
45 Offset ................................................................................................................ 38

9.11.

Communications settings ................................................................................. 39

Baud rate ................................................................................................................ 39
Duplex mode........................................................................................................... 39
Data and parity options ........................................................................................... 39
ASCII Message terminator...................................................................................... 40

9.12.

Analogue settings (if fitted) ............................................................................... 40

Voltage or current output ........................................................................................ 40
Channel 3 output..................................................................................................... 40
Scaling .................................................................................................................... 40
Polar mode direction wraparound........................................................................... 40
Analogue power-up tests ........................................................................................ 41

9.13.
9.14.

Configuration and Diagnostic Information ........................................................ 41

Message Format (Output String Padding)........................................................ 41

10.

MAINTENANCE & FAULT-FINDING ....................................................42

10.1.
10.2.
10.3.
10.4.
10.5.
10.6.

Cleaning ........................................................................................................... 42
Servicing........................................................................................................... 42
Fault-finding...................................................................................................... 42
Returning unit ................................................................................................... 43
Status (error) codes.......................................................................................... 43
Bench test......................................................................................................... 43

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Integrity Check Chamber (ICC) .............................................................................. 44

Integrity & Zero Wind Check ................................................................................... 44

11.

APPENDICES........................................................................................46

11.1.
11.2.
11.3.
11.4.

Glossary & Abbreviations ................................................................................. 46

Guarantee......................................................................................................... 47
Principle of operation........................................................................................ 48
Electrical Conformity......................................................................................... 49
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY ACCORDING.......................................... 49

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1.

FOREWORD

Thank you for purchasing the WindObserver II manufactured by Gill Instruments Ltd.
The unit has no customer serviceable parts and requires no calibration or maintenance.
To achieve optimum performance we recommend that you read the whole of this manual
before proceeding with use. Do NOT remove black rubber transducer caps.
Gill products are in continuous development and therefore specifications may be subject to
change and design improvements without prior notice.
The information contained in this manual remains the property of Gill Instruments and
should not be copied or reproduced for commercial gain.

2.

INTRODUCTION

The Gill WindObserver II wind sensor is a very robust, lightweight unit with no moving
parts, outputting wind speed and direction. The units of wind speed, output rate and
formats are all user selectable.
The WindObserver II is available with or without de-icing heating (recommended if icing
is likely), and with or without analogue outputs.
The WindObserver II can be used in conjunction with a PC, datalogger or other device,
provided it is compatible with the RS422 output or the analogue outputs. Multiple units
can be networked if required.
Alternatively, the WindObserver II is designed to connect directly to the Gill WindDisplay
unit to provide a complete wind speed direction system without any configuration required
by the user.
The output message format can be configured in Polar, UV (2-axis), NMEA (0183
Version 3), Tunnel formats, and as either a Continuous output or Polled (requested by
host system) , detailed in full in Section 8 Message Formats & Options.
WindObserver II may be configured using WindCom software which is available, free of
charge, from the Gill website www.gill.co.uk, or by using standard communications
software on a PC. This is explained in Section 9 Configuring.

3.

FAST TRACK SET-UP

If you are in a hurry to try out the WindObserver II, are familiar with Gill equipment, and
coupling to a PC using RS422, go to the following sections :
Section 6 Installation
Section 8 Message Formats & Options
Section 9 Configuring
After you have successfully set up the WindObserver II, we strongly advise that you then
go back and read the rest of the manual to ensure that you get the best results from the
WindObserver II.

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4.

SPECIFICATION
Measurement
Output
Parameters
Units
Averaging
Wind Speed
Range
Accuracy
Resolution
Offset
Direction
Range
Accuracy
Resolution
Sonic Temperature Output
Range
Anemometer Status
Starting Threshold
Dead Band Wind Direction
Power Requirement
Anemometer only
Heating - Optional
Digital Output
Communication
Baud rates
Formats
Analogue Output - Optional
Quantity
Scale
Type
V output resistance
4-20mA loading
Dimensions
Size
Weight
Materials
External Construction
Environmental
Moisture protection
Operating temperature
Humidity
Precipitation
EMC

Icing
Standards
Site Calibration

1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10Hz
UV, Polar, NMEA, Tunnel
m/s, Knots, MPH, KPH ft/min
Flexible 1-3600 seconds
0 - 65m/s (0-145mph)
2%@12m/s
0.01m/s
0.01m/s
0 - 359
2
1
-40C to + 70C
Supplied as part of standard message
0.01 m/s
None
9-30 V DC (40mA @ 12VDC)
3A @ 24V AC or DC
RS422, full duplex, network facility
1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400
8 data, odd, even or no parity
3 (speed, direction, status or sonic temperature)
Multiples of 10m/s up to 70m/s
2.5V, 0-5V or 4-20mA
60 Ohms
10-300 Ohms
405mm x 210mm
1.5kg
Stainless Steel 316
IP66 (NEMA4X)
-55C to +70C (heated version)
5% to 100% RH
300mm/hr
BS EN 50081-1: 1992 (Emissions class B)
BS EN 50082-2: 1992 (Immunity)
FCC class A
MILSTD810E Method 521.1 Procedure 1
Traceable to UK national standards
None required. (See Section 10.6 Zero Wind Check)

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5.

PRE-INSTALLATION

5.1.

Equipment supplied

or
or
or
and
and
and
and

WindObserver II Option 1 RS422 output

WindObserver II Option 2 RS422 output and analogue outputs
WindObserver II Option 3 RS422 output and de-icing
WindObserver II Option 4 RS422 output, analogue outputs and de-icing
Installation kit (comprising a gasket and four Stainless Steel screws)
WindObserver II Quick Start Guide
WindObserver II User Manual (this manual)
Integrity Check Chamber (ICC) (Optional)

5.2.

Installation requirements

Host system - One of the following:

PC with an internal or external interface compatible with the RS422 output from
the WindObserver II.
Gill WindDisplay.
Other equipment with I/O compatibility to the WindObserver II option selected.
For example if the unit has Analogue outputs, a Data Logger, Chart Recorder, or PC
fitted with an ADC card.
Networking - Multiple WindObserver II units can be networked
Software - One of the following:
WindCom A user-friendly package providing easy configuring of the
WindObserver II, for use on PCs running under Windows 98, 2000 or XP.
Available to customers as a free download from www.gill.co.uk .
Hyperterminal (for Windows 9x and later), or Terminal (Windows 3.n),
normally already installed on a PC.
Other Terminal Emulation software packages
Cable and Junction box
To connect between the WindObserver II and the host system. The unit is supplied with a
1.5m or 10m flying cable, requiring a mast mounted junction box (not provided) for
onward connection.
See Section 6.4 for connection details
The flying cable must be retained with a cable tie within 150mm of the base of the
anemometer.

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Mounting Bracket
A mounting bracket is required (not provided) which will attach to the WindObserver II
via the four tapped holes in the base of the unit. Always ensure that the gasket supplied is
fitted to the base of the anemometer.
It is important that the gasket supplied forms a water tight seal on the base of the
anemometer.
In the event that the mounting bracket supplied by the customer is not flat or does not
form complete support for the anemometer base; the customer must fit a mounting ring as
shown in Figure 2.
See Section 6.7 for mounting details.

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6.

INSTALLATION
Do NOT remove the black rubber transducer caps. Warranty is void if the
blue security seal is damaged or removed.
All the time the WindObserver II is not in its final location, it should be
protected from damage by keeping it in the original packaging as long as
possible, treating it as a delicate instrument.
If an Intrinsically Safe (IS) device is required, the I.S. WindObserver must be
used - the WindObserver II is NOT an IS device.

6.1.

Installation Guidelines

The WindObserver II has been designed to meet and exceed the stringent standards listed
in its specification. Operating in diverse environments all over the world, WindObserver II
requires no calibration or adjustment whatsoever.
As with any sophisticated electronics, good engineering practice should be followed to
ensure correct operation.
Always check the installation to ensure the WindObserver II is not affected by
other equipment operating locally, which may not conform to current standards,
e.g. radio/radar transmitters, boat engines, generators etc.
Guidelines
Avoid mounting in the plane of any radar scanner a vertical separation of
at least 2m should be achieved.
Radio transmitting antennas, the following minimum separations (all round)
are suggested
VHF IMM 1m
MF/HF 5m
Satcom 5m (avoid likely lines of sight)
Ensure the product is correctly earthed in accordance with this manual
Use cables recommended by Gill, keeping the length below the maximum allowed
(SeeSection 6.3) Where the cables are cut and re-connected (junction boxes, plugs
and sockets) the cable screen integrity must be maintained, to prevent the EMC
performance being compromised.
Earth loops should not be created earth the system in accordance with the
installation guidelines. (SeeSection 6.4)
Ensure the power supply operates to the WindObserver II specification at all times.
Avoid turbulence caused by surrounding structures that will effect the accuracy of the
WindObserver II such as trees, masts and buildings. The World Meteorological
Organisation make the following recommendation:
The standard exposure of wind instruments over level open terrain is 10m above
the ground. Open terrain is defined as an area where the distance between the
sensor and any obstruction is at least 10 times the height of the obstruction.

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6.2.

Bench system test

Note : Prior to physically mounting the WindObserver II in its final location, we strongly
recommend that a bench system test is carried out to confirm the system is configured
correctly, is fully functional and electrically compatible with the selected host system and
cabling (preferably utilising the final cable length). The required data format, units,
output rate, and other options should also all be configured at this stage. If an Integrity
Check Chamber (ICC) has been purchased refer to Section 10.6.

6.3.

Cabling

Cable type
A RS422 compatible cable should be used, with the number of twisted pairs matching the
application. If both the (optional) Heating and Analogue outputs are utilised, then a 9 pair
cable is required.
Generic description Twisted pairs with drain wire, screened with aluminised tape,
with an overall PVC sheath. Wire size 7/0.2mm (24 AWG)
The table shows some suitable manufacturers references; other manufactures equivalents
can be used.
Table 1
Belden
Batt electronics
No. of pairs Gill ref.
ref.
ref.
2
9729
3
026-02660
9730
91030
4
026-03156
9728
91199
9
026-02663
8774
91009
Cable length
The typical maximum length at 9600 baud is 1km (3200ft), using the recommended cable.
If any problems of data corruption are experienced (due to, for example, a high local
electrical noise level), then a lower baud rate should be used. Alternatively, a thicker or
higher specification cable can be tried. See also Section 6.1
Cabling and junction box
The WindObserver II unit is fitted with a flying 9 pair cable attached (1.5m or 10m long).
This must be terminated in a suitable terminal box to IP66 or better, fitted with glands to
prevent moisture ingress.
The cable type from the terminal box to the host system must be as specified above. If any
cable is likely to be exposed to mechanical damage, it must be enclosed in a suitable
conduit or cable tray. The cable must be securely fixed with cable clamps or equivalent,
such that the cable is not under stress at the cable glands.
The gland area at the base of the WindObserver II should not be directly exposed to
moisture, as whilst the gland is sealed when mated, the anemometer is vented to air at the
base to avoid pressure build up. If an IP66 rating is essential or the unit is mounted other
than right way up use the gasket provided in the mounting kit.
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6.4.

Connections

Important
Do NOT join any of the cores of the cable together. Joining cores
could damage the unit permanently. Any cores not used should be isolated.
Do NOT connect the units 0V, heating ve, analogue output 0V or digital 0V to the
screen or earth.
The screens of each pair are joined together inside the anemometer - these should be
joined to the cable screen(s) of any further cable run. Avoid long grounding loops. Digital
OV should be used in conjunction with RS422 TX RX lines in order to improve noise
immunity. Each pair in the cable is labelled with its pair number.
Table 2
Conductor colour
Designation
Pair 1
green
RS422_TXB (+)
black
RS422_TXA (-)
Pair 2
white
RS422_RXB (+)
black
RS422_RXA (-)
Pair 3
red
Supply V+
black
Supply VPair 4
blue
Digital 0v
black
Not used (isolate)
Pair 5
yellow
Heater + *
black
Heater *
Pair 6
brown
Analogue Ch 1 voltage output *
black
Analogue Ch 1 current output *
Pair 7
orange
Analogue Ch 2 voltage output *
black
Analogue Ch 2 current output *
Pair 8
white
Analogue Ch 3 voltage output *
red
Analogue Ch 3 current output *
Pair 9
green
Analogue 0 volt reference/current return *
red
Analogue 2.5 volt reference *
Screens
Chassis ground

May not be functional - check model number and options fitted.

Earthing or grounding
To ensure correct operation, and for maximum protection against lightning, the
anemometer MUST be correctly earthed (grounded) via its mountings. Inadequate
earthing will degrade anemometer performance, particularly in the presence of radio
frequency interference.
See Fig 1 Suggested mounting bracket and earthing (grounding) arrangements
The unit MUST be connected to an appropriate grounding point with a minimum of 6mm
copper wire, via the M5 base screws. The cable screens must be joined with any cable
screen continuing from the units cable via a junction box. The primary earth for the
anemometer must be provided via the base screws and not via the cable screens.
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Connecting to a Gill WindDisplay

For further details see Section 7 Using With The Gill WindDisplay,
and the WindDisplay User Manual for the method of operation.
Notes
Use the WindObserver II as supplied in the factory default settings i.e. do not
reconfigure, apart from configuring heater if fitted. (See Section 9.10)
The WindDisplay can provide power for the WindObserver II

WindObserver II
9 pair cable
Pair
Signal names
colour
no.
TXB (+)
green
1
TXA ()
black
CONNECTED INTERNALLY
Supply V+
Supply V-

Heater + *
Heater - *

WindDisplay
Cable 2 or 3
twisted pairs

Screen and
drain wires

Signal
names
TXD +
TXD

Terminal
nos.
RS422+
RS422-

Ground (Earth)

red
black

+
O

yellow
black

+
-

2
1

Heater power
supply
see Section 6.6

* If fitted
Default Settings
The factory default settings are:
A0 B3 C1 E1 F1 G0000 H1 J1 K1 L1 M2 NA O1 P1 T1 U1 V1 X1 Y1 Z1
See Section 9 Configuring for further details

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Connecting to a PC with a RS422 or RS485 input

The PC requires either an internal RS422 interface card, or an external RS422/485 to
RS232 converter which will plug into the standard 9 way or 25 way RS232 serial port of
the PC or host equipment.

WindObserver II
9 pair cable

PC with RS422
or RS485 input
Cable - 3 or 4
twisted pairs

Signal names

Pair
no

Colour

TXB (+)
TXA (-)

green
black

RXB (+)
RXA (-)

RXB (+)
RXA (-)

white
black

TXB (+)
TXA (-)

Digital OV

blue

CONNECTED INTERNALLY

Supply V+
Supply V-

Heater + *
Heater - *

Signal names

Signal Ground
Screen and
drain wires

Ground (Earth)

red
black

DC Power
+
supply 9-30V
see section 6.6

yellow
black

+
-

Heated power
supply
see section 6.6

* If unit is fitted with a heater

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Networking units
Before coupling units into a network:
Each device must be configured with a unique Unit Identifier (letter B to Z)
It must be configured to a tri-state polled mode M3 or M4 .
See Section 9 - Configuring
WindObserver II
9 pair cable

PC with RS485
card

Signal names

Pair
no

Colour

TXB (+)
RXB (+)

1
2

green
white

TXA (-)
RXA (-)

1
2

black
black

Digital OV

blue

CONNECTED INTERNALLY

Supply V+
Supply V-

Heater +
Heater -

Cable - 2 or 3
twisted pairs

Signal names

.. ..
.

T / RXB (+)
T / RXA (-)
Signal Ground

Screen and
drain wires

Ground (Earth)

red
black

DC Power
+
supply 9-30V
see section 6.6

yellow
black

+
-

Heated power
supply
see section 6.6

To Next Unit

Note : Each unit in the network will require its own power supplies.
Please refer to section 8.3.

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Connecting to a PCI Unit with RS422 input

WindObserver II 9 Pair Cable

PCI 15 Way D Type

Connector
Signal Names

Signal names
TXB(+)
TXA()

Cable Pair
Pair 1
Pair 1

Colour

RXB(+)
RXA(-)

Pair 2
Pair 2

White
Black

3
10

Digital 0v

Pair 4

Blue

POWER V+

Pair 3

Red

POWER V+

POWER 0V

Pair 3

Black

11

POWER 0V

Green
Black

Pin Nos.
2
9

RXB(+)
RXA()
TXB(+)
TXA(-)

Signal Ground

Indoor Power and Communications Interface (Part 1189-PK-021)

Environmental
The desktop PCI is intended for use in a protected environment and provides interfacing to
a single anemometer. The PCI is not intended for outdoor use.
PCI Electrical Power Requirements
1)
100Vac 120Vac, 10VA for the 115V switch position
2)
200 Vac 250Vac, 10VA for the 230V switch position
3)
9-30Vdc, 120mA max (anemometer)
8-15Vdc, 50mA max (interface)
3 Fuses protect the unit:
1.
2.

Externally accessible
Internally accessible

315mA(T) for 115/230v operation

500mA (T) AUX
500mA (T) ANEM

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PCI Connector Pin and Cable assignments

Anemometer connector 15 way
Pin
Designation
1
Chassis
2
RS422_RXB (+)
3
RS422_TXB (+)
4
Digital 0V, Signal ground
5
Supply V+
6
Analogue output V1
7
Not used
8
Analogue output V2
9
RS422_RXA (-)
10
RS422_TXA (-)
11
Supply V12
Analogue output V4
13
Analogue 0V
14
Not used
15
Analogue output V3

Auxiliary Analogue Outputs 9 way

Pin
Designation
1
Earth
2
Analogue Ground 1
3
Analogue Ground 2
4
Analogue Ground 3
5
Analogue Ground 4
6
Analogue Output 1 (direct connection to Anemometer Connector Pin 6)
7
Analogue Output 2 (direct connection to Anemometer Connector Pin 8)
8
Analogue Output 3 (direct connection to Anemometer Connector Pin 15)
9
Analogue Output 4 (direct connection to Anemometer Connector Pin 12)

DC Supply 4 way
Pin
Designation
1
Interface V+
2
Interface V3
Anemometer V4
Anemometer V+
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RS 232 Output 9 way

Pin
Designation
1
DCD
2
RX data
3
TX data
4
DTR
5
Signal Ground
6
DSR
7
RTS
8
CTS
9
RI
RS422 Network In 9 way Skt
Pin
Designation
1
Not connected
2
Not connected
3
Not connected
4
RS422_RXA (-)
5
Signal ground
6
RS422_TXA (-)
7
RS422_TXB (+)
8
RS422_RXB (+)
9
Chassis
RS422 Network Out 9 way Plg
Pin
Designation
1
Not connected
2
Not connected
3
Not connected
4
RS422_RXA (-)
5
Signal ground
6
RS422_TXA (-)
7
RS422_TXB (+)
8
RS422_RXB (+)
9
Chassis

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6.5.

Analogue connections

When using the analogue outputs it is advisable to use a low pass filter to remove any high
frequency noise present.
The analogue signals can be susceptible to external interference if unprotected. The
anemometer cable has individual screens covering each channels signal wires. The
continuing cable connected to the anemometer must be of equal or greater cross sectional
area as the anemometer cable and must be individually screened or screened pairs.
Note that connections can also be made to a PC or other device as described in the
preceding section.
Connections for 5V output

Anemometer

Channel 1 Pair 6 Brown

Channel 2 Pair 7 Orange
Channel 3 Pair 8 White
+
V

Pair 9
Green
0v Ref

Connections for 2.5V output

Anemometer

Channel 1 Pair 6 Brown

Channel 2 Pair 7 Orange
Channel 3 Pair 8 White
+
V

Pair 9
Red
2.5V Ref

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Connections for 4-20mA output

Important When using the current outputs, the output loads on each channel
MUST be less than 300 ohms, including cable resistance.

Anemometer

Channel 1 Pair 6 Black

Channel 2 Pair 7 Black
Channel 3 Pair 8 Red
+
A

Pair 9
Green
0v

6.6.

300 max

Power supplies

All WindObserver II units

Voltage
Current

9 to 30v DC
60mA max. 50mA average

Heating
If fitted, the heating module requires a separate power supply.
Either
22 30V DC @ 3A
or
24V AC RMS 10% @ 3A AC RMS
NOTE: AC Supply must be isolated from Mains Supply

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6.7.

Mechanical installation
Before installing, a bench system test is recommended (see Section 6.2).
All the time the WindObserver II is not in its final location, it should be
protected from damage by keeping it in the original packaging as long as
possible, treating it as a delicate instrument.

Location
It is important to ensure that the WindObserver II is mounted in a position clear of any
structure which may obstruct the airflow or induce turbulence.
Do NOT mount the WindObserver II in close proximity of high powered radar or radio
transmitters. A site survey may be required if there is any doubt about the strength of
external electrical noise. ( See Section 6.1 )
Orientation
Normally the WindObserver II is mounted vertically with the cable exit at the bottom.
Alternatively, the unit may be mounted in any orientation, but note that if the unit is
mounted with the cable uppermost ,the gasket provided in the mounting kit must be used.
Mounting bracket
A suggested mounting bracket is shown in Fig 1 below.
It is recommended that the WindObserver II mounting bracket is manufactured from
stainless steel 316, to prevent possible galvanic corrosion.
It is also recommended that the supplied gasket is always fitted to ensure IP66 rating and
to prevent galvanic corrosion if the mounting bracket is not manufactured from stainless
steel 316.
Stainless steel 316 fixings must be used.

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Figure 1. Suggested mounting bracket and earthing (grounding) arrangements

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Alignment
The anemometer should be set to point North (or to another known reference direction),
using the North Spar, which can be identified from the alignment indicator on the base of
the instrument. See Figure 2a.
If the unit is used in a tunnel, (and the Tunnel format is used), the unit would normally be
aligned with the N S axis in the horizontal plane.

Figure 2a North marker and UV polarity definition (UV format) and Mounting Ring

SEE FIG.

4, ON PAGE 35 FOR U,V

DEFINITION

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Figure 2b WindObserver II Outline Dimensions

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7.

USING WITH THE GILL WINDDISPLAY

The WindObserver II is designed to link directly to the Gill WindDisplay unit to provide a
complete wind speed and direction system.
When coupled to a WindDisplay, the WindObserver II can be used as supplied,
however if a fault occurs, the WindDisplay may lock into the last valid reading. Reconfiguring the Wind Observer to Fixed Field Output (O2) will ensure that any fault
is flagged on the WindDisplay.
After coupling to a WindDisplay, the Wind Speed units and the Averaging period can be
selected using the WindDisplay controls. See the WindDisplay User Manual.
Note that although the WindDisplay can display wind speed in various units, these are
calculated within the WindDisplay. The data coming to the WindDisplay must be in
metres/sec (the factory default output setting).
Figure 3 WindDisplay

The WindDisplay has been designed to provide anemometer power (approximately 15V
@40mA).
If the WindObserver II has a de-icing heater fitted, this will need a separate power supply.
( See Section 6.6 ).
NOTE:- If the WindDisplay is configured for NMEA mode then the WindObserver II
must also be configured for NMEA mode and 4800-baud operation (configuration settings
M5 and B2).

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8.

MESSAGE FORMATS & OPTIONS

On first applying power to the WindObserver II, it will be in Measurement Mode, and it
will output wind measurement information in one of nine configurations as described
below.
Setting the output format, units, other parameters, options and the communication settings
are all carried out in the alternative Configuration Mode.
See Section 9 CONFIGURING for details of how this is done.
The factory default settings are shown here in bold, and for convenience some
Configuration codes (as used to set the configuration) are shown in blue boxes.
For example M3 .

8.1.

Wind Speed format

The wind speed measurements can be output in one of the following formats:
UV, Polar, Customer formats (NMEA and Tunnel).

8.2.

Output formats

The UV and Polar wind speed parameters are output in either ASCII or binary.
These parameters can be transmitted continuously or polled from the user.
Polar is also available in continuous NMEA format.
Figure 4 Output formats
Output format
ASCII

UV

ASCII

Polar

Binary
Binary
Tunnel
NMEA

UV
Polar

8.3.

Output
Continuous
Polled
Continuous
Polled
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous

Tri-state o/p
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No

Configuration code
M1
M3
M2
M4
M7
M8
M6
M5

Networking

Gill Proprietary Network

Each anemometer connected to the network MUST be given a unique Unit Identifier
(Letters B to Z), and set to a polled tri-state mode (UV or Polar) ( M3 or M4 ).
In these modes the communications transmit line is tri-state unless the anemometer is
responding to a command.

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Configuring WindObserver II for Half Duplex Operation.

1) Set up Two Terminals: One for RS485 Half Duplex and the other for RS422 Full
Duplex.
a (2-wire)
HYPER-TERMINAL
A (Half-D)

RS485 I/F
(USB)

SWITCH

HYPER-TERMINAL
B (Full-D)

WObsII

RS422 I/F
(USB)

b (4-wire)

One PC (with two USB ports) can be used for both Terminals, although two may be less
confusing.
Note: Power must not be disconnected from the anemometer throughout this procedure.
2) Assuming the unit is set for Full Duplex, connect 9-way at [b] disconnect 9-way at
[a]. Set Switch to position [b] (4 wire).
3) On Terminal B, enter CONFIGURATION MODE. Set Half Duplex (E2). The
CONFIRM> prompt will appear.
4) Disconnect 9-way [b] and connect 9-way [a]. Set Switch to position [a] (2 wire).
5) On Terminal A, type E <ENTER> to confirm.
6) The unit should now be configured in Half Duplex mode.
Configuring WindObserver II for Full Duplex Operation.
1) Assuming the unit is set for Half Duplex, disconnect 9-way [b] and connect 9-way
[a]. Set Switch to position [a] (2 wire).
2) On Terminal A, type E1 to select Full Duplex. The CONFIRM> prompt will
appear.
3) Disconnect 9-way [a] and connect 9-way [b]. Set Switch to position [b] (4 wire).
4) On Terminal B type E <ENTER> to confirm.

8.4.

Units

The wind speed can be set to any of the following units:

Unit
Abbreviation
Metres per sec
m/s
Knots
knots
Miles per hour
MPH
Kilometres per hour
kph
feet per minute
fpm
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8.5.

Output rate

The output frequency can be set between 1 and 10 per second. The wind speed is sampled
every 25ms, each axis being sampled sequentially. The following Table lists the possible
outputs per second and the corresponding number of averaged samples. A 25ms sample
period is used to process and output the results.
Outputs per Second
1
2
4
5
8
10

8.6.

Sample Average
39
19
9
7
4
3

Averaging

The Averaging Period can be set from zero to 3600 secs. (1 hour). The default setting is
zero. When averaging is enabled, data is output at a rate determined by the averaging
period. The data is an average of valid data collected during the averaging period.

8.7.

Options

Speed of Sound (SOS) and Temperature

Either or both of these parameters can be selected or disabled
Note that neither of these parameters is available in Tunnel or NMEA formats.
SOS is useful for calculating air temperature with a rapid response. Sonic temperature is
derived from the SOS, based on an assumption of the composition of the atmosphere.
Humidity will affect the result.
True temperature can be calculated by:
T=
Ts
1+0.32 e/p
Where
T = True temperature (Kelvin)
Ts = Sonic temperature
e = Vapour pressure of water in air
p = absolute pressure of water in air
Heating (If fitted)
Heating is autonomous and requires no set-up once activated.
45 Offset
If required, the U axis can be offset +45 to the transducer axis.
Vertical Output Padding
A dummy W vector is inserted to provide compatibility with any WindMaster that may be
in a network.

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8.8.

ASCII message format (UV and Polar)

ASCII UV format
U axis wind speed

V axis wind speed

Units

<STX>A,+000.04,-000.02,M,+345.01,+022.36,00,<ETX>25
Start of
string

Unit
identification

Speed of
sound

Temperature

Status

End of
string

Check
sum

where
U axis wind speed
V axis wind speed

Units

In increments of 0.01 units (UUU.UU)

In increments of 0.01 units (VVV.VV)
Value
M
N
P
K
F

Units
Metres per second (m/s)
Knots (knots)
Miles per hour (MPH)
Kilometres per hour (kph)
Feet per minute (fpm)

Start of string
Unit identification
Speed of sound
Temperature

ASCII value 2
Letter A Z (default A)
In metres per second (if enabled)
Sonic temperature in degrees C (if enabled)

Status

Value
0
60
Any other value

End of string
Check sum

ASCII value 3
Exclusive OR of all characters between Start of String
and End of String reported as ASCII hex.

Status
OK
Heating enabled and OK if enabled
Warning or fault condition
- see Section 10.5

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ASCII Polar format

Wind direction

Wind speed

Units

<STX>B,121,000.08,M,+344.66,+021.76,00,<ETX>06
Start of
string

Unit
identification

Speed of
sound

Temperature

Status

End of
string

Check
sum

where

8.9.

Wind direction
Wind speed

In degrees relative to N (DDD)

In increments of 0.01 units (MMM.MM)

All other parameters

See Section 8.8 ASCII UV format

Binary message format (UV, Polar and Tunnel)

Binary UV format
U axis wind speed

V axis wind speed

Units

0x81 0x81 000.04 -000.02 +345.01 +022.36 00 1

Start of string

Speed of sound

Temperature

Status

where
U axis wind speed
V axis wind speed

Units

In increments of 0.01 units (UUU.UU)

In increments of 0.01 units (VVV.VV)
Value
1
2
3
4
5

Units
Metres per second (m/s)
Knots (knots)
Miles per hour (MPH)
Kilometres per hour (kph)
Feet per minute (fpm)

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Start of string
Speed of sound
Temperature

In metres per second (if enabled)

Sonic temperature in degrees C (twos complement
signed) (if enabled)

Status

Value
0
60
Any other value

Status
OK
Heating enabled and OK
Warning or fault condition
- see Section 10.5

Binary Polar format

Wind speed

Wind direction

Units

0x81 0x81 006.04 265 +345.01 +022. 36 00 1

Start of string

Speed of sound

Temperature

Status

where
Wind direction
Wind speed

In degrees relative to N (DDD)

In increments of 0.01 units (MMM.MM)

All other parameters

See Section 8.9 Binary UV format

Binary Tunnel format

U axis wind speed

Direction

Units

0x81 0x81 +000.04 1 00 1

Start of string

Status

U axis Wind speed

Direction (along U axis)

In increments of 0.01 units (MMM.MM)

Value
Polarity
1
+U
0
-U

Other parameters

See Section 8.9 Binary UV format

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8.10. NMEA Format

Instrument
Identifier

Wind direction

Wind speed

Units
Checksum
delimiter

$ IIMWV, 120, R, 002.10, M, A* CC

Start of string

Instrument
type

Wind
measurement

Status

Check
sum

where
Wind direction
Wind speed

In degrees relative to N (DDD)

In increments of 0.01 units (MMM.MM)

Units

M
N
P
K
F

Start of string
Instrument type
Wind measurement
Status

$
IIMWV
R
Relative wind measurement
A
Valid measurement
V
Invalid measurement
Exclusive OR of all characters between $ and *
reported as ASCII hex.

Check sum

Metres per second (m/s)

Knots (knots)
Miles per hour (MPH)
Kilometres per hour (kph)
Feet per minute (fpm)

A typical WindObserver II configuration suitable for NMEA would be:

B2, E1, F1, G0, K1, L1, M5, O1, P1, U1.
Consult specification NMEA 0183 version 3 (available on the web) www.nmea.org for
complete interface details.

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8.11. Analogue outputs and options

Analogue outputs are available on WindObserver II versions 2 and 4 only.
See Section 6.5 for connection details, and Section 9.12 for configuring the
analogue outputs.
Output modes
There are three analogue output channels which can be configured as either voltage (0 to
5v, or 2.5v), or current outputs (4 to 20mA).
Channel outputs
The signals on the Channel outputs 1 and 2 are dependant on the Output format chosen.
The signal on Channel 3 can be configured for either Status or Temperature.
Output format
UV (M1,M3,or M7)
Polar (M2, M4, or M8)
NMEA (M5)
Tunnel (M6)

Channel 1
U
Magnitude
Magnitude
U

Channel 2
V
Direction
Direction
U direction*

Channel 3

Status or Temperature

Status
If channel 3 is configured for Status, the output will be 0v (or 4mA) if the unit is an OK
condition. In a fault condition, error code 01, 02, or 04, the output will be +5v (or 0mA).
See Section 10.5 for the list of Error Codes.
Temperature
If channel 3 is configured for Temperature, it reports the temperature if it is between 40
and +70C, scaled from +0.7V to +5V (6.25mA to 20mA). Temperatures outside this
range are reported as errors by setting the output to 0V (4mA).
Tunnel mode
In Tunnel mode, Channel 2 gives the direction of the wind along the U axis, where a U
vector (=wind from the N direction) is represented by 0v (or 4mA), and a +U vector
(=wind from the S direction) by 5v (or 20mA).
Scaling
All analogue outputs are in m/s and can be scaled to have a full scale deflection of 10 to
70 units.
In Polar mode the sign should be ignored. Only the + sign is effective.
In all cases zero Wind Speed is represented by 0V or 4mA.

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Polar mode direction wraparound

The Wind Direction in Polar mode can be configured for either Standard (0 - 359) or
Wraparound (0 - 539) options. If the Standard mode is used with a chart recorder, large
swings of the recorder pen will be experienced each time the wind direction passes
between 0 and 359. Using the Wraparound mode, when the wind first changes from 0 to
359, there will be a step change on the output, but after this first time the output will
change smoothly each time the wind passes through 360. (Similarly, the first time the
wind veers from 539 to 180, there will be a step change, after which the output will
change smoothly).
Wind
direction
(degrees)
0
180
360
540

Voltage output (V)

Current output (mA)

Standard

Wraparound

Standard

Wraparound

0
2.5
5.0
n/a

0
1.67
3.33
5.0

4.00
12.00
20.00
n/a

4.00
9.33
14.67
20.00

Low wind speeds

Whilst the wind speed is below 0.05 metres/sec, the wind direction will not be calculated.
The outputs on Channel 1 and 2 will continue to output the last calculated value.
If channel 3 is configured for Temperature, it will likewise output the last calculated value.

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9.

CONFIGURING

WindCom may be used to configure WindObserver II. This is an easy to use menudriven package, available as a free download at www.gill.co.uk .
Alternatively, you may use terminal emulator software such as Hyperterminal or
Terminal.
This section describes the commands used to change settings when using terminal
emulator software. For a fuller descriptions of the settings and options see Section 8 Message Formats & Options
Keystrokes are shown thus :- D 3 ENTER

9.1.

Entering Configuration mode

TFrom Continuous modeT

*

TFrom Polled mode

* N - where N is the Unit Identifier.
Note - the Unit Identifier must be entered
as upper-case

The WindObserver II responds with a CONFIGURATION MODE message, stops

reporting wind measurements, and waits for a command (as detailed below).

9.2.

Returning to Measurement mode

Q ENTER

If in Continuous mode, the anemometer responds with wind measurements immediately,

continuing at the selected Sampling rate .
If in Polled mode,
?
Enables poll
N
Polls anemometer (where N is the Unit identifier entered as upper-case)
The anemometer replies with a single set of wind measurements
&
Anemometer replies with Unit identifier
!
Disables poll
Note:- If the unit is in Polled Mode it is always best to interrogate the unit for data with a
? before the poll identifier to cater for the event that the power has been switched off or
power interrupted.

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9.3.

Checking the configuration

We strongly recommend that, as a standard procedure, you use this command ( D3 ) prior
to, and after, changing any settings. It shows the current settings for all the alterable
settings. We suggest you note down your settings, so that you can easily return to them.
Enters Configuration Mode (from Continuous mode)
or
*N
Enters Configuration Mode (from Polled mode)
D 3 ENTER
The WindObserver II responds with the current settings.
The factory default settings are
A0 B3 C1 E1 F1 G0000 H1 J1 K1 L1 M2 NA O1 P1 T1 U1 V1 X1 Y1 Z1
*

How to change these settings is explained in the following sections.

To return to Measurement mode

9.4.

Q ENTER

Changing settings

To change a setting, first go into Configuration mode and then refer to the sections below.
Enter the Configuration code of the new setting required, followed by ENTER .
If successful, the new setting will be echoed back as a message by the WindObserver II.
For example, to change the message format to NMEA, enter M 5 ENTER .
The WindObserver II will reply with M5. When the unit is returned to the Measurement
mode, it will be in NMEA format.
Note : The factory-set (default) settings are shown in bold in the following sections.

9.5.

Output format

Output format
ASCII UV Continuous
ASCII UV Polled (tri-state) *
ASCII Polar Continuous
ASCII Polar Polled(tri-state) *
Binary UV Continuous
Binary Polar Continuous
Tunnel Continuous
NMEA Continuous

Configuration code
M1
M3
M2
M4
M7
M8
M6
M5

* If units are to be networked, they MUST be given unique Unit Identifiers

(see Section 9.6 Unit Identifier)

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9.6.

Unit Identifier

Changes the Unit Identifier to X.

X can be any letter from B to Z.
Note that the default Unit Identifier A should not be used when networking units.
NX

9.7.

Units
Units

metres/sec
(m/s)

knots
(knots)

miles / hour
(MPH)

kilometre/hour
(kph)

feet / minute
(fpm)

U1

U2

U3

U4

U5

Configuration
code

9.8.

Output rate

Outputs per second

Configuration code

9.9.

10

P1

P3

P2

P4

P5

P6

Averaging

Setting
Configuration code
Averaging (Default)
G0000
Enter the required averaging period in seconds as a four figure number between 0000 and
3600.

9.10. Options
Speed of Sound (SOS) and Temperature
Setting
Configuration code
Report SOS
A1
Report Sonic temperature
A2
Report SOS and Sonic temperature
A3
Disable both
A0
Note that neither of these parameters is available in Tunnel or NMEA formats.
Heating (If fitted)
Heating is autonomous and requires no set-up once activated.
Setting
Configuration code
Disabled
H1
Activated
H2
Each transducer is heated independently and will be active when ambient temperature
drops below approximately +15C each transducer will de-activate when +25C threshold
is reached.
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NMEA
Setting
NMEA string IIMWV
NMEA string WIMWV

Configuration code
K1
K2

Vertical Output Padding

Setting
Disable vertical output padding
Enable vertical output padding

Configuration code
V1
V2

45 Offset
Setting
Align U axis with
transducer axis
Align U axis +45
to transducer axis
Reverses Polar
Direction
Align @ 45 from
North

Configuration
code

Notes
X1. Aligns U axis with North/South axis.

X1

X2. This re-aligns both U&V and polarity 45.

X2

X3 reverses reported polar direction to allow the

instrument to be mounted upside down. N.B.
Does NOT affect UV alignment (Mode 1, 3).
X4 set UV & polar alignment at 45 degrees from
North when instrument is mounted upside down.

X3

X4

Figure 4 shows the polarity of U and V if the wind components along the U and V axis are
blowing in the direction of the respective arrows.

-U
N

-V

+V
S

+U
Figure 4 UV Polarity

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9.11. Communications settings

Baud rate
Setting
2400
4800
9600
19200
38400
1200
300

Configuration code
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7

If a request is sent to change the Baud rate, before it changes it must be

confirmed by entering B ENTER (at the new Baud rate.)
eg. If set to B3 (9600 baud), to change to B5 (38400 baud), enter
B 5 ENTER , change host terminal to 38400 baud, and confirm by
entering B ENTER .
NOTE: a random echo will be generated after the B5 confirmation
Duplex mode
Setting

Configuration code

Full duplex
E1
Half duplex
E2
Note:- Refer also to Para 8.3 Networking Configuration details.
Data and parity options
Setting
8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit
8 bits, even parity, 1 stop bit
8 bits, odd parity, 1 stop bit
7 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit
7 bits, even parity, 1 stop bit
7 bits, odd parity, 1 stop bit

Configuration code
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
F6

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ASCII Message terminator

Setting

Configuration code

CR LF
LF

L1
L2

9.12. Analogue settings (if fitted)

Voltage or current output
Setting

Configuration code

Voltage (0 to 5V, or 2.5V) *

T1
Current
T3
* The selection between 0-5V or 2.5V is made by the appropriate
hardware connections See Section 6.5 Analogue connections
Channel 3 output
Setting

Configuration code

Status
Temperature

Y1
Y2

Scaling
Setting

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Z1

Z2

Z3

Z4

Z5

Z6

Z7

Configuration code

Polar mode direction wraparound

Setting
Wraparound (0 - 539)
Standard

Configuration code
C1
C2

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Analogue power-up tests

Setting
Disable analogue power-up tests
Enable analogue power-up tests
Enable continual cycling of analogue
power-up tests
Disable continual cycling of analogue
power-up tests

Configuration code
J0
J1
J2
J3

9.13. Configuration and Diagnostic Information

Each of these commands causes a response from the WindObserver II.

Item

Command
code

Type and serial No.

Software version

D1

Unit configuration

D3

Analogue ID
(if present)
Anemometer
power supply
voltage
Integrity check

D2

Typical response
E000694
2.07
current configuration :
A0 B3 C1 E1 F1 G0000 H1 J1 K1
L1 M2 NA O1 P1 T1 U1 V1 X1 Y1
Z1

D4

GI1390 fitted.

D5

+29.8

D6

9.14. Message Format (Output String Padding)

Setting
Configuration code
O1
Comma Separated Variable (CSV)
O2
Fixed Field
Example data string for CSV data changing to error status code condition.
A,235,000.77,M,00, 0A
A,,,M,04, 24
Example data string for Fixed Field data changing to error status code condition.
A,266,000.73,M,00, 08
A,999,999.99,M,04, 0A
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10. MAINTENANCE & FAULT-FINDING

10.1. Cleaning
If there is any build up of deposit on the unit, it should be gently cleaned with a cloth,
moistened with soft detergent. Solvents should not be used, and care should be taken to
avoid scratching any surfaces. The unit must be allowed to defrost naturally after being
exposed to snow or icy conditions, do NOT attempt to remove ice or snow with a tool.
Do NOT remove black rubber transducer caps.

10.2. Servicing
There are no moving parts or user-serviceable parts requiring routine maintenance.
Opening the unit or breaking the security seal will void the warranty and the calibration.
In the event of failure, prior to returning the unit to your authorised Gill distributor, it is
recommended that :
All cables and connectors are checked for continuity, bad contacts, corrosion etc.
A bench test is carried out as described in Section 10.6.
You contact your supplier for advice

10.3. Fault-finding
Symptom

No output

Corrupted output

One way
communication
Failed / Incorrect
WindObserver II
ouput, data
invalid flag

Solution
Check DC power to WindObserver II, cable and connections.
Check comms settings of WindObserver II (as detailed in Section
9) and host system match, including correct Com port
Check unit is in Continuous mode
Check that in-line communication devices are wired correctly.
NOTE: It is usual for Anemometer TX + to be connected to
converter device RX +
Check comms settings of WindObserver II and host system
match.
Try a slower baud rate.
Check cable lengths and type of cable.
Check wiring is in accordance with the manual.
Check that transducer path is not blocked

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10.4. Returning unit

If the unit has to be returned, it should be carefully packed in the original packaging and
returned to your authorised Gill distributor, with a full description of the fault condition.

10.5. Status (error) codes

The Status code is sent as part of each wind measurement message.
Code
00
60
A
01
02
04
08
09
10
50
51
62
63
65
V

Status
Condition
OK
Sufficient samples in average period
OK and heating
Sufficient samples in average period
enabled
OK
NMEA data valid
Axis 1 failed
Insufficient samples in average period on U axis
Axis 2 failed
Insufficient samples in average period on V axis
Axis 1 and 2 failed
Insufficient samples in average period on both axes
NVM error
NVM checksum failed
ROM error
ROM checksum failed
System gain at max.
Inaccurate results likely
Marginal system gain
Results OK, but marginal operation
Measurement average building
Heating current tripped or electronic failure
Thermistor open circuit
Heating element open circuit
NMEA data invalid

10.6. Bench test

Couple the WindObserver II to the host system and power supply, using a known working
test cable.
Check that the unit is correctly configured by going into Configuration mode and using D3
See Section 9.3 Checking the configuration.
Check for normal output data, and that the Status Code is OK 00, 60 or A (for NMEA
format).
If the status code is other than these, refer to Section 10.5 Status (error) codes.
Use an office fan or similar to check that the unit is sensing wind, turning the unit to
simulate changing wind direction and to check that both axes are functioning.
Note that this a quick functional test. There are no calibration adjustments; the unit is
designed NOT to require re-calibration within its lifetime. Gill has provided and Integrity
Check, see next page for details.

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Integrity Check Chamber (ICC)

The software to perform the Integrity Check (IC) is incorporated in the latest
WindObserverIIs.
The IC is designed to:
1. Identify any gross changes in the head geometry that would affect the
performance.
2. Provide a zero wind environment to confirm the WindObserverII zero calibration.
The ICC has been designed to be used in an indoor still air environment with an ambient
temperature between 10C and 28C. When conducting the test it is important that the ICC
is assembled on to the WindObserverII head and not touched or moved during the test.
This test is only valid if undertaken with an ICC purchased from Gill.
Integrity & Zero Wind Check
Zero Wind Check
Configure your PC to run HyperTerminal and assemble the ICC by inserting the reflector
cases and the two halves of the ICC onto the WindObserverII. The ICC must be retained
using the strips provided. Then:
1. Ensure that the WindObserverII is set in factory default mode. For Factory default
settings see section 9.3.
2. Enter Measurement Mode and Record/View data
In still air wind speed measurements should not exceed 0.03m/s. If wind speed exceeds
0.03m/s contact Gill Instruments.
Integrity Check
Ensure the ICC is assembled correctly on the WindObserverII. Using HyperTerminal,
enter Configuration Mode as described in Section 9.
Enter D6.
A typical report as shown below will be displayed.
ALIGMENT LIMITS: U=2417,2517
V=2369,2469
ALIGNMENT U:2467 *PASS*
ALIGNMENT V:2419 *PASS*
GAIN 0:0007 *PASS*
GAIN 1: 0007 *PASS*
GAIN 2:0008 *PASS*
GAIN 3:0008 *PASS*
D6
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If there has been no significant changes to The WindObserverII head configuration then
*PASS* will confirm correct operation.
Alterations to the head geometry will result in a *FAIL* message. If this occurs please
contact Gill Instruments.

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11. APPENDICES
11.1. Glossary & Abbreviations
Item
CAL
CR
CRLF
CSV
ENG
ESC
ETX
FAC
fpm
GND
HEX
I/P
IP66
KPH
LF
m/s
MAG
MAX
MPH
NEMA
NMEA 0183
(version 3)
No:
NVM
O/P
PC
PCB
POR
PROCOMM
ROM
RS232

Meaning
Calibration
Carriage Return
Carriage Return Line Feed
Comma Separated Variable
Engineering
ESCape key on keyboard used to stop any process that is being
executed
End of string character
Factory
Feet per minute
GrouND
HEXadecimal
InPut
Protection Classification
Kilometres per Hour
Line Feed
Metres per second
MAGnitude - scalar reference to wind speed
MAXimum
Miles per Hour
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
National Marine Electronics Association standard for interfacing
marine electronic navigational devices
Number
Non-Volatile Memory
Output
IBM compatible Personal Computer
Printed Circuit Board
Power On Reset
Terminal emulator software package
Read Only Memory
Communications standard

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Item
RS422
RS485
RTS
RX
RXD
S/W
SOS
SEC
STX
TERM
TX
TXD
+VE
-VE
WindCom
WRT

Meaning
Communications standard
Communications standard
Request To Send
Receive
Received Data
SoftWare
Speed Of Sound
SECond
Start of string character
TERMinal
Transmit
Transmitted Data
Positive
Negative
Gill software used to configure WindObserver II
With Respect To

11.2. Guarantee
For terms of guarantee contact your supplier.
Warranty is void if the red security seal covering base nuts is damaged or broken, or the
transducer caps have been damaged.

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11.3. Principle of operation

The WindObserver II measures the times taken for an ultrasonic pulse of sound to travel
from the North transducer to the South transducer, and compares it with the time for a
pulse to travel from S to N transducer. Likewise times are compared between West and
East, and E and W transducer.
If, for example, a North wind is blowing, then the time taken for the pulse to travel from N
to S will be faster than from S to N, whereas the W to E, and E to W times will be the
same. The wind speed and direction (and the speed of sound) can then be calculated from
the differences in the times of flight on each axis. This calculation is independent of
factors such as temperature.

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11.4. Electrical Conformity

EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY ACCORDING
TO COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 89/336/EEC
We, Gill Instruments Ltd., declare our sole responsibility that the products:
WindObserverII Ultrasonic Anemometer (Heated Variant)
WindObserverII Ultrasonic Anemometer (Heated with Analogue Outputs Variant)
WindObserverII Ultrasonic Anemometer (Non-Heated Variant)
WindObserverII Ultrasonic Anemometer (Non-Heated with Analogue OutputsVariant)
Manufactured by:

Gill Instruments Ltd

Saltmarsh Park
67 Gosport Street
Lymington, SO41 9EG

to which this declaration relates, are in conformity with the protection requirements of Council Directive
89/336/EEC on the approximation of the laws relating to electromagnetic compatibility.
This Declaration of Conformity is based upon compliance of the product with the following harmonized
standards:
EN50081 - 1
EN50082 - 2

(Using EN55022 Class B)

(Using IEC 61000-4-2
IEC 61000-4-3
IEC 61000-4-4
IEC 61000-4-6)

Signed by:
A.C.R. Stickland Director
Date of issue:

28/11/2000

Place of issue:

Gill Instruments Ltd

Saltmarsh Park
67 Gosport Street
Lymington, SO41 9EG

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