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    Fire 3 - Extinguishing Systems: Rafay Hasan

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    Ali Aimran
    This document discusses different types of fire extinguishing systems including automatic sprinkler systems, manual systems, and other specialized systems. It describes how basic wet sprinkler systems work by maintaining water pressure and activating pumps and alarms when a sprinkler head is triggered. It also covers sprinkler head spacing, sizing of pipework and tanks, deluge systems, alternate wet-dry systems, water mist systems, foam systems, gas extinguishing systems, and fire hose reels.

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    Fire 3 - Extinguishing Systems: Rafay Hasan

    Uploaded by

    Ali Aimran
    20 views14 pages
    This document discusses different types of fire extinguishing systems including automatic sprinkler systems, manual systems, and other specialized systems. It describes how basic wet sprinkler systems work by maintaining water pressure and activating pumps and alarms when a sprinkler head is triggered. It also covers sprinkler head spacing, sizing of pipework and tanks, deluge systems, alternate wet-dry systems, water mist systems, foam systems, gas extinguishing systems, and fire hose reels.

    Original Description:

    FLD note

    Original Title

    Lecture 8

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    This document discusses different types of fire extinguishing systems including automatic sprinkler systems, manual systems, and other specialized systems. It describes how basic wet sprinkler systems work by maintaining water pressure and activating pumps and alarms when a sprinkler head is triggered. It also covers sprinkler head spacing, sizing of pipework and tanks, deluge systems, alternate wet-dry systems, water mist systems, foam systems, gas extinguishing systems, and fire hose reels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views14 pages

    Fire 3 - Extinguishing Systems: Rafay Hasan

    Uploaded by

    Ali Aimran
    This document discusses different types of fire extinguishing systems including automatic sprinkler systems, manual systems, and other specialized systems. It describes how basic wet sprinkler systems work by maintaining water pressure and activating pumps and alarms when a sprinkler head is triggered. It also covers sprinkler head spacing, sizing of pipework and tanks, deluge systems, alternate wet-dry systems, water mist systems, foam systems, gas extinguishing systems, and fire hose reels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 14

    Fire 3 Extinguishing Systems

    Rafay Hasan

    Extinguishers available

    Automatic

    Sprinkler Systems (water)


    Foam
    Gas

    Manual Systems (First Aid)

    Hose reels (water)


    Portable (water, foam, powder, gas, chemical)

    Frangible bulb

    deflector

    Basic sprinkler
    system

    wet system

    Always fully charged with water


    Pressure maintained using jockey pump
    Drop of pressure on sprinkler head operating
    Main pumps start
    Alarm bell activated
    FDA activated
    More heads operate if fire spreads

    Extinguishes or limits growth of fire by cooling the


    burning/pyrolysing material

    Sprinkler head spacing

    Rectangular or staggered layout

    Maximum floor area covered per head depending on hazard


    classification

    Maximum linear distance between heads and distance from walls


    Need to consider down beams and ductwork obstructions

    Needs careful integration within ceiling plan and other services (eg
    lighting)
    Maximum number of heads per system

    sizing

    Pipework and pumps sized to achieve water


    design water flow rate (typically 5-10 L/s)
    Tanks sized to provide this flow rate for a
    minimum period of time (typically 1 hours)
    Design flow rate based on Hazard
    Classification
    (Sizing dealt with later)

    Deluge- for high risk areas


    Permanently open drencher
    heads so all operate
    simultaneously when
    deluge valve opens

    Alternate Wet-Dry

    Used where risk of freezing during winter


    In summer, operates as normal wet system
    In winter, water drained and replaced with
    pressurised air on operation of sprinkler
    head, system charged with water

    Water Mist

    Conventional sprinkler
    head

    Water mist sprinkler head

    Water mist

    Very fine droplets rapidly evaporated by heat


    of fire to form steam:
    Cools burning material
    Absorbs radiant heat
    Cools smoke/flame
    displaces combustion air

    Reduces amount of water required


    Use wet or deluge system

    Foam systems

    Displaces combustion air


    Little cooling potential
    Useful for flammable liquid fires

    Gas Extinguishing Systems

    Halocarbons - displace combustion air and may inhibit burning


    Inert gases displace combustion air
    Both dangerous to people (suffocation)

    Fire Hose Reels

    Can be used by occupants or fire


    brigade
    Not recommended by some fire
    authorities risk to user
    Locate in a protected fire escape

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