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    Solution Tu's Manifolds Exer1 - 2

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    thomaszoy zoy
    This document introduces manifolds and provides an example function f(x) and its derivatives. It shows by induction that the kth derivative of f(x) for x > 0 is of the form p2k(1/x)e-1/x, where p2k is a polynomial of degree 2k. It also proves that f(x) is C∞ on R and that all derivatives at 0 are 0, using l'Hopital's rule and polynomial limits.

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    Solution Tu's Manifolds Exer1 - 2

    Uploaded by

    thomaszoy zoy
    64 views1 page
    This document introduces manifolds and provides an example function f(x) and its derivatives. It shows by induction that the kth derivative of f(x) for x > 0 is of the form p2k(1/x)e-1/x, where p2k is a polynomial of degree 2k. It also proves that f(x) is C∞ on R and that all derivatives at 0 are 0, using l'Hopital's rule and polynomial limits.

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    Solution to exercise 1.2, TU's An Introduction to Manifolds

    Original Title

    Solution Tu's Manifolds Exer1_2

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    This document introduces manifolds and provides an example function f(x) and its derivatives. It shows by induction that the kth derivative of f(x) for x > 0 is of the form p2k(1/x)e-1/x, where p2k is a polynomial of degree 2k. It also proves that f(x) is C∞ on R and that all derivatives at 0 are 0, using l'Hopital's rule and polynomial limits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    64 views1 page

    Solution Tu's Manifolds Exer1 - 2

    Uploaded by

    thomaszoy zoy
    This document introduces manifolds and provides an example function f(x) and its derivatives. It shows by induction that the kth derivative of f(x) for x > 0 is of the form p2k(1/x)e-1/x, where p2k is a polynomial of degree 2k. It also proves that f(x) is C∞ on R and that all derivatives at 0 are 0, using l'Hopital's rule and polynomial limits.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 1

    AN INTRODUCTION TO MANIFOLDS, by TU

    Exercise 1.2
    Let (
    e1/x : x>0
    f (x) = .
    0 : x0

    (a) Show by induction that for x > 0 and k 0, the k th derivative f (k) (x) is of the form
    p2k (1/x)e1/x for some polynomial p2k (y) of degree 2k in y.

    (b) Prove that f is C on R and that f (k) (0) = 0 for all k 0.

    Solution.

    (a) Clearly we have


     2
    0 1
    f (1)
    (x) = f (x) = e1/x = p2(1) (1/x)e1/x .
    x

    This is our inductive step.


    Now, let us assume that n N and

    f (n) (x) = p2n (1/x)e1/x .

    Then we have by the product rule and chain rule


     2  2
    1 0 1/x 1
    f (n+1)
    (x) = p2n (1/x) e + p2n (1/x) e1/x .
    x x

    Factoring e1/x from the right-hand side, we see we have a 2n + 1 degree polynomial
    summed with a 2n degree polynomial, hence the overall degree is 2n. Thus, weve
    established our inductive step and we know that

    f (n) (x) = p2n (1/x)e1/x

    for all n N.

    (b) Calculating the limit using lHopitals rule and the substitution y = 1/x as
    x 0+ , we have
    l0 H
    p2n (y) z}|{ a2n (2n)!
    lim y
    = lim = 0,
    y e y ey
    where a2n is the leading coefficient of the degree 2n polynomial. Thus, f is clearly a
    smooth function on R.

    Q.E.D.

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