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    Assignment 2 Sol

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    Anonymous jxm0WNS7Qa
    The document contains a 9 question assignment on data communications. It covers topics like bandwidth calculations, signal attenuation, propagation delay, and maximum bit rates for different channel types. For a digital library containing 20 million books with 500 pages each, the required storage is calculated to be 3.828125 * 10^12 bytes. The maximum bit rate on a channel from 4-10 MHz with 15dB SNR is calculated to be 30 Mbps.

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    Assignment 2 Sol

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    Anonymous jxm0WNS7Qa
    155 views6 pages
    The document contains a 9 question assignment on data communications. It covers topics like bandwidth calculations, signal attenuation, propagation delay, and maximum bit rates for different channel types. For a digital library containing 20 million books with 500 pages each, the required storage is calculated to be 3.828125 * 10^12 bytes. The maximum bit rate on a channel from 4-10 MHz with 15dB SNR is calculated to be 30 Mbps.

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    The document contains a 9 question assignment on data communications. It covers topics like bandwidth calculations, signal attenuation, propagation delay, and maximum bit rates for different channel types. For a digital library containing 20 million books with 500 pages each, the required storage is calculated to be 3.828125 * 10^12 bytes. The maximum bit rate on a channel from 4-10 MHz with 15dB SNR is calculated to be 30 Mbps.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    155 views6 pages

    Assignment 2 Sol

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous jxm0WNS7Qa
    The document contains a 9 question assignment on data communications. It covers topics like bandwidth calculations, signal attenuation, propagation delay, and maximum bit rates for different channel types. For a digital library containing 20 million books with 500 pages each, the required storage is calculated to be 3.828125 * 10^12 bytes. The maximum bit rate on a channel from 4-10 MHz with 15dB SNR is calculated to be 30 Mbps.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    The Islamic University of Gaza

    Faculty of Engineering

    Computer Engineering Department

    Data Communications ECOM 4314

    Assignment # 2
    (Chapter 3)

    Solution

    Dr. Hasan Qunoo


    Eng. Wafaa Audah Eng. Waleed Mousa
    Question 1: Choose the correct answer (10 Marks)

    1. What is the bandwidth of a signal that ranges from 1 MHz to 4 MHz?


    a. 4 MHz
    b. 1 KHz
    c. 3 MHz (4M -1M)
    d. none of the above

    2. Consider a noiseless channel with a bandwidth of 4 KHz. If we want to transmit


    24 Kbps on this channel, the minimum number of signal levels we need is …….
    a. 4
    b. 6
    c. 8 (BitRate=2*Bw*log2 L=> 24k=2*4k*log2 L=> L=8)
    d. 12

    3. Suppose that the spectrum of a noisy channel is between 4 MHz and 10 MHz,
    and SNRdB =15 dB. The maximum bit rate on this channel is approximately ……
    a. 4 Mbps
    b. 10 Mbps
    c. 15 Mbps
    d. 30 Mbps (SNR=10^(15/10)=31.6 =>C=B*log2(1+SNR) => C=(10M-
    4M)*log2(32.6)
    e. 60 Mbps

    4. If the bandwidth of a signal is 5 KHz and the lowest frequency is 52 KHz, what
    is the highest frequency?
    a. 5 KHz
    b. 10 KHz
    c. 47 KHz
    d. 57 KHz (5k+52k)

    5. A signal is measured at two different points. The power is P1 at the first point
    and P2 at the second point. The dB is 0. This means ________.
    a. P2 is zero
    b. P2 equals P1
    c. P2 is much larger than P1
    d. P2 is much smaller than P1

    2
    6. For a ______ channel, we need to use the Shannon capacity to find the
    maximum bit rate.
    a. noisy
    b. noiseless
    c. bandpass
    d. low-pass

    7. Which of the following is/are correct about baseband and broadband


    transmissions?
    a. If the available channel is a bandpass channel, we can send a digital signal
    directly to the channel.
    b. A low-pass channel can be considered a bandpass channel with the lower
    frequency starting at zero.
    c. Broadband transmission of a digital signal is possible only if we have a
    lowpass channel.
    d. None of above.

    8. For a ______ channel, we need to use the Shannon capacity to find the
    maximum bit rate.
    a. noisy
    b. noiseless
    c. bandpass
    d. low-pass

    9. _______ describes the position of the waveform relative to time 0.


    a. Frequency
    b. Phase
    c. Amplitude
    d. Voltage

    10. ________ is a type of transmission impairment in which the signal loses


    strength due to the resistance of the transmission medium.
    a. Attenuation
    b. Distortion
    c. Noise
    d. Decibel

    3
    Question 2: The Islamic University of Gaza has in mind to establish a digital library.
    This library contains 20 millions of books with 500 white pages and black text for each.
    For each page, the text covers 7inch×7inch and it represents by 250dpi×250dpi. Assume
    that one dot will be represented with one bit. (4 Marks)

    a. What is the size in bytes of the storage disk required for this library?

    (20*10^6*500*7*7*250*250)/8= 3.828125 *10^12 byte

    b. The library might be accessed concurrently by 1500 users and they request a new
    page per minute. Calculate the data rate if the channel has a bandwidth of
    100MHz.

    1500 request a page at minute

    1500*7*7*250*250 60s

    ? 1s data rate= (1500*7*7*250*250)/60=76.56 bps

    Question 3: Determine the possible Bit-rate and the number of Levels over a channel for
    these cases? (6 Marks)

    a. BW = 2.4 kHz, noiseless channel with L=16.

    b. BW = 2.4 kHz, SNR = 20 dB.

    4
    c. BW = 3.0 kHz, SNR = 40 dB.

    Question 4: The attenuation of a signal is -10dB. What is the final signal power if it was
    originally 5W? (2 Marks)

    Question 5: Suppose there is a 10Mbps microwave link between a geostationary satellite


    and its base station on Earth. Every minute the satellite takes a digital photo and sends it
    to the base station. Assume propagation speed of 2.4x108 meters/sec, and the space
    between the satellite and its base station is 36000 Km. (4 Marks)

    a. What is the propagation delay of the link?

    Propagation time= distance / propagation speed.

    =36*10^3K /(2.4*10^8) =150ms

    b. What is the bandwidth-delay product?

    Bw delay product = tp*BW

    =10M*150ms = 150Kbit

    5
    Question 6: What are the propagation time and the transmission time for a 2.5-kbyte
    message if the bandwidth of the network is 1 Gbps? Assume that the distance between
    the sender and the receiver is 12,000 km and that light travels at 2.4 ×108 m/s. (4 Marks)

    Question 7: A telephone normally has a bandwidth of 3000 Hz (300 to 3300 Hz)


    assigned for data communications. The signal-to-noise is usually 4095. What is the
    theoritical highest bit rate of the regular telephone line? (4 Marks)

    C = B log2(1 + SNR) = 3000 log2(1 + 4095) = 3000 log2 4096 = 3000 * 12 = 36,000 bps.

    Question 8: A signal goes from routers A, through B and C, and finally arrives at D. The
    signal loses 2 dB from A to B, again 5 dB from B to C, and loses 3 dB from C to D. What
    is the total gain or loss from A to D? (2 Marks)

    SNR db= -2+5-3=0db


    SNR=1

    Question 9: What reasoning can you give to a non-technical person to explain why we
    need a modem to send data over telephone lines? What is the maximum bit rate possible
    to transmit data using base-band transmission over telephone line? (4 Marks)

    Telephone subscriber lines are designed to carry voice (analog signal) with a limited
    bandwidth (frequencies between 0 and 4 kHz). Although this channel can be used as a
    low-pass channel, it is normally considered a bandpass channel. One reason is that the
    bandwidth is so narrow (4 kHz) that if we treat the channel as low-pass and use it for
    baseband transmission, the maximum bit rate can be only 8 kbps.

    - The solution is to consider the channel a bandpass channel, convert the digital signal
    from the computer to an analog signal, and send the analog signal. We can install two
    converters to change the digital signal to analog and vice versa at the receiving end. The
    converter in this case, is called a modem, usually 56kHz. (modulator/demodulator).
    As a conclusion modulation is needed because the BW of voice lines is 4kHz, and the
    BW of the used modem is 56kHz.

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