PH Tool Katalog

NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING
Reference Standards
Calibration Blocks
for the NDT INDUSTRY
Power Generation
Manufacturing
Aerospace
Research
Transportation
Aircraft
Petrochemical
Naval
Medical
Primary Metals
The STANDARD of Excellence

About the Company...
PH Tool Reference Standards, headquartered in Pipersville PA, has supplied the NDT industry with high
quality Reference Standards and Test Blocks since its founding in 1973. Whether you need EDM notches,
Flat-bottom holes, Micro-holes or Test Blocks, PH Tool can handle your order. We are a family-managed
business, founded by Phil Herman Sr. In 1990 Phil Herman Jr. joined the business and serves as
President/CEO. The entire staff is dedicated to the development and fabrication of the finest quality
reference standards available today. Our growth and high degree of product acceptance can be attributed to
our emphasis on quality, attention to detail and innovative approaches to meeting the reference
standard needs of our valued customers.
Our Reference Standards and Test Blocks are used in ultrasonic, eddy current, magnetic particle, liquid
penetrant and radiographic testing. Reference Standards can be fabricated from customer-supplied
pipe, tube, bar, plate or actual parts. Twenty-four hour and forty-eight hour RUSH service is available on
many standards. We will supply the material to your specifications if needed.
Standard Test Blocks are available from stock in steel, stainless steel and aluminum for immediate
shipment. Test Blocks in exotic alloys are also available, including: alloy steel, stainless steel, inconel,
titanium, copper-nickel, NAB, monel, hastelloy and others.
Specials can be fabricated to your design by our fully-equipped CNC machine shop. All Test Blocks are
permanently engraved with the block description, material and serial number. Artwork and logos can be
laser engraved on our blocks.
The QA Program meets all industry and government specifications. We are nuclear industry (NUPIC) and
Navy approved, and listed as the suggested vendor in several Alert Service Bulletins (ASB) including Bell
Helicopter, Boeing and McDonnell Douglas. All Reference Standards and Test Blocks are delivered with
an automated Certification Report providing NIST traceability. Replicas of EDM notches are archived at
PH Tool and are available if needed.
This catalog identifies all of the standard test blocks available, as well as many of the popular EDM notch
and Flat-bottom hole Reference Standards used in industry today. In addition, you'll find information on other
services including recertification of existing standards, custom machined ultrasonic wedges and
radius/angle gages.
Throughout our history, PH Tool has earned an excellent reputation with our customers for supplying the
best Reference Standards and Test Blocks available. Our manufacturing and technical support staff are
always prepared to assist the NDT engineer or technician with their Reference Standard needs. Meeting the
demands of the increasingly complex and quality-conscious NDT marketplace is a challenge we gladly
accept. We welcome your inquiries and look forward to serving you.
Contents
EDM Notch Information Sheet
Nano Notch Information Sheet
What is EDM?
Explanation of EDM and Advantages ...................................................... 1
Basic Notch Shapes

Square Notch............................................................................................. 1
U-Notch..................................................................................................... 1
V-Notch..................................................................................................... 1
Nano Notch ............................................................................................... 1
Holes, Flat-bottom and Other

Flat-bottom hole........................................................................................ 2
Side-drilled hole........................................................................................ 2
Micro-sized hole ....................................................................................... 2
Concave Radius-bottom hole.................................................................... 2
Convex Radius-bottom hole ..................................................................... 2
Irregularly-shaped pits .............................................................................. 2
Ultrasonic Test Blocks

IIW-Type 1 Block ..................................................................................... 3
IIW-Type 2 Block ..................................................................................... 3
DC Block .................................................................................................. 3
SC Block ................................................................................................... 3
DSC Block ................................................................................................ 3
DS Block ................................................................................................... 3
4-Step Block.............................................................................................. 4
5-Step Block.............................................................................................. 4
Type MAB Miniature Angle Beam Calibration Block............................. 4
IOW Beam Profile Block.......................................................................... 4
AWS Resolution Block............................................................................. 4
NAVSHIPS Test Block............................................................................. 4
Miniature Resolution Block ...................................................................... 5
30 FBH Resolution Block......................................................................... 5
ASME N-625 Reference Plate .................................................................. 5
Miniature IIW-Type 2 Block .................................................................... 5
V1/5 (A2) Calibration Block .................................................................... 5
V2 (A4) Calibration Block........................................................................ 5
90° Curved 5-Step Block .......................................................................... 6
VW Step Block ......................................................................................... 6
Thin Step Block ........................................................................................ 6
Magna-Thin Step Block ............................................................................ 6
10-Step Block............................................................................................ 6
Tipsy Step Block including the “Universal” Tipsy Block ........................ 6
i
Ultrasonic Test Blocks (continued)
EDM Slot Sizing Block ............................................................................ 7
“FAST” UT Sizing Block......................................................................... 7
PACS™ Block.......................................................................................... 7
Mini PACS™ Block................................................................................. 7
PACS™ Notch Block ............................................................................... 7
Phased Array Calibration Block No. 2 ..................................................... 8
Phased Array Type A Block (IIW-Type) ................................................. 8
ASTM E2491 Phased Array Assessment Block ...................................... 8
Phased Array NAVSHIPS Block ............................................................. 8
ASTM Area Amplitude Set of 8............................................................... 9
ASTM Distance/Area Amplitude Set of 10.............................................. 9
ASTM Distance Amplitude Set of 19 ...................................................... 9
ASTM Single Blocks................................................................................ 9
ASTM Specials......................................................................................... 9
Westinghouse Reference Standards.......................................................... 9
ASTM E317 Horizontal and Vertical Linearity Block, Fig. 1 ................. 10
ASTM E317 Resolution Block, Fig. 6 ..................................................... 10
ASTM E1158 Distance Amplitude Blocks .............................................. 10
ASTM E1158 Area Amplitude Blocks..................................................... 10
MIL-STD-2154 UT Test Blocks .............................................................. 10
Ultrasonic Calibration Blocks and Standards

ASME Sec. V Basic Calibration Block .................................................... 11
ASME Sec. V Basic Calibration Block—Long Version.......................... 11
ASME Sec. V Angle Beam Calibration Block ........................................ 11
ASME Sec. XI Basic Piping Calibration Block ....................................... 11
ASME Sec. III NB-2552.3 Standards....................................................... 11
PDI Contoured Calibration Blocks for DM welds ................................... 12
Test Block Recertfication

Test Block Recertification ........................................................................ 12
Ultrasonic Reference Standards

2-Notch Pipe Standard………………………………………………….. 13
4-Notch Pipe Standard.............................................................................. 13
ASME Sec. V Article 5 Straight Beam Calibration Blocks for Bolting... 13
ASME Sec. V Article 23 Ultrasonic Standards........................................ 13
Ultrasonic Reference Standards (Tube)

2-Notch Tube Standard…………………………………………………. 14
4-Notch Tube Standard............................................................................. 14
Unique Tube Standards for UT ................................................................ 14
13-Notch UT Standard ............................................................................. 14
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Ultrasonic Reference Standards (Bar)
V-Notch and FBH Bar Standard………………………………………… 15
3-FBH Bar Standard ................................................................................. 15
2-Piece Round Bar Standard ..................................................................... 15
PWA (Pratt & Whitney Aircraft) SIS-315A; SIM-1 Standard ................. 15
Ultrasonic Reference Standards (Other)

Projectile Body UT Standards…………………………………………… 16
API RP 2X Reference Standard ................................................................ 16
Miniature FBH Standard…………………………………………………. 16
Standards for In-Line Phased Array Calibration Systems

Standards for In-Line Phased Array Calibration Systems ........................ 17
Deep Flat-Bottom Hole Drilling

Deep Flat-Bottom Hole Drilling ............................................................... 17
Tech Scales
Tech Scales (Pack of 5)............................................................................. 17
Eddy Current Calibration Standards (Tube)

ASME Sec. V Art. 8 Calibration Reference Standard– 2007 Code.......... 18
ASME Sec. V Art. 8 Calibration Reference Standard– Pre-2007 Code .. 18
I.D. FBH Calibration Standard ................................................................. 18
180° 3-Flaw Wearscar Standard ............................................................... 18
Circumferential Notch Eddy Current Standard......................................... 18
ASME Sec. V Article 26 ET Standards .................................................... 19
Tube Support Simulation Ring ................................................................. 19
Specialized Tube Standards for ET........................................................... 19
ID Thinning Standard ............................................................................... 19
Eddy Current Calibration Standards (Other)

3-Notch Surface Defect Calibration Standard .......................................... 20
Bolthole Calibration Blocks...................................................................... 20
MIL-STD-271F Performance Verification Reference Block ................... 20
Turbine Blade Reference Standards.......................................................... 20
Wheel Inspection Reference Standards .................................................... 20
Air Force General Purpose Eddy Current Standard.................................. 21
Navy Eddy Current Reference Standard Kit............................................. 21
DC-10 Service Bulletin Reference Standards........................................... 21
Aircraft Manufacturer Standards .............................................................. 21
Magnetic Particle Standards

GE Compressor Blade Standard ............................................................... 22
Ketos Ring ................................................................................................ 22
Flat Ketos Ring ......................................................................................... 22
ASTM E709 Magnetic Particle System Performance Verification Plate . 22
MIL-STD-271F Magnetic Particle Test Plate........................................... 23
Weight Lifting Gear Magnetic Particle Props .......................................... 23
iii
Liquid Penetrant Standards
NSTR-99 Liquid Penetrant Personnel Qualification Test Props.............. 23
Liquid Penetrant Test Prop....................................................................... 23
Precision Dimensional Gages

Angle Gage............................................................................................... 24
Corner Radius Gage ................................................................................. 24
Fillet Radius Gage .................................................................................... 24
Go No-Go Gage........................................................................................ 24
Fillet Angle Gage ..................................................................................... 24
Services Available
Sinker EDM.............................................................................................. 25
Wire EDM ................................................................................................ 25
CNC Machining of Standards .................................................................. 25
CNC Milling............................................................................................. 25
Turning and Boring .................................................................................. 25
Surface Grinding ...................................................................................... 26
Replication and Recertification to NIST .................................................. 26
Welding and Cladding.............................................................................. 26
Surface Roughness Measurement............................................................. 26
Electrical Conductivity Measurement ...................................................... 26
Sample Certification Report

Sample Certification Report for 4-Notch PWA Tube Standard ............... 27
Quick Fax - Rapid Response Form

Quick Fax - Rapid Response Form (Use for RFQ, Info, Order, etc.) ...... 28
................................................
Get it right the FIRST time ... with our help!

In all cases, if you need assistance with the application, design, or the interpretation
of specifications of your NDT reference standards, contact us. The benefits
of past experience with similar requirements and the specialized knowledge
available at PH Tool could eliminate the waste of trial-and-error engineering
and lead to a quicker, more cost-effective solution. We serve our customers best
by offering them personalized advice, guidance, customized solutions to their
complex problems, and expert design and manufacture of standards.
iv
EDM NOTCHES
6021 Easton Road, Pipersville, PA 18947

Ph: 267-203-1600 Fax: 267-203-1601
www.phtool.com
EDM NOTCHES
Since 1973…. thumbnail, among others. Hollow cylindrical items (tube and
PH Tool Reference Standards has been the pipe) can be notched on the OD and ID, in axial, circumfer-
recognized leader in the manufacture of EDM ential or off-angle orientations. Notches can be placed in
Notch standards used in the Non-Destructive welded components in the weld, toe, heat-affected zone, or
Testing (NDT) industry. We are the only base metal. A wide range of items can be notched includ-
company who makes standards, and nothing but ing, but not limited to: tube, pipe, bar, plate, wire, rod, engine
standards. As a result, our expertise is second- components, structural aircraft parts, automotive parts, pis-
to-none, as is our commitment to producing the tons, turbine blades, impellors, disks, hubs, springs, and
finest notch standards available today. Let’s surgical implants.
face it, without professionally-manufactured,
NIST traceable standards, how reliable are the What widths are possible?
results of your inspection? In the quality- EDM notches used for Eddy Current, Liquid Penetrant and
conscious age we’re in, it is increasingly Magnetic Particle testing are typically very narrow, perhaps
important to trust your critical masters to the in the .004-.005” wide range. Notches used in Ultrasonic
company who can deliver on the promise of testing normally do not require notches this narrow. PH
making “the standards of excellence.” Tool has developed a proprietary method of machining
NANO Notches as small as 0.0006 inch (15 microns) wide
What are EDM Notches? for applications requiring widths as narrow as possible.
Electrical Discharge Ma- Refer to our Literature sheet on NANO notches for more
chined (EDM) notches are details on this capability.
produced by PH Tool using
both Sinker and Wire EDM
technology. Sinker EDM NIST Traceability
utilizes a carefully-made All EDM Notch Reference Standards are 100% inspected,
electrode to “burn” the de- NIST traceable, and include a comprehensive certification
sired notch. Wire EDM uses report. At PH Tool our dimensions are carefully obtained via
a traveling wire as the elec- replication and observation using video measurement sys-
trode. Think of the wire EDM tems, and contain reliable/repeatable dimensions traceable
like a sophisticated band to the National Institute of Standards and Technology
saw, where the wire is the (NIST).
blade. The limitation with
wire is the inability to machine captive notches, Industry Applications
blind notches, or especially narrow notches. Wire
can be used to cut completely through a thickness Aerospace · Airline · Automotive · Manufacturing
only, and cannot burn a notch 0.100” deep on Medical · Military · Petrochemical · Power Generation
a .500” thick part for example. As a result, PH Primary Metals · Research · Transportatio·
Tool’s EDM equipment consists of 12 sinkers and
one wire. Our machines have undergone consid-
erable modification and retrofitting in order to han-
dle the unique needs of the NDT industry. This
We believe that our success
means that we can handle a wide range of items, depends on ensuring the success
from tiny parts that fit in the palm of your hand to of our customers by providing
5,000 pound components that require a forklift. comprehensive, consistent quality
We are not limited to what will fit in the work in everything we do.
tanks. Tubular and bar standards can be as long
as 40 feet.
What can be notched?

Notches can be placed in any conductive mate-
rial, and can be shaped in a variety of ways in-
cluding rectangular, radius-conforming, or ...the STANDARD of Excellence
NANO NOTCH
6021 Easton Road, Pipersville, PA 18947

Ph: 267-203-1600 Fax: 267-203-1601
www.phtool.com
NANO NOTCH
That’s really small! What about length?

If there were a Guinness Book of World Most Nano notches we’ve made so far have been very short;
Records category for the narrowest EDM in the 0.010 to 0.100 inch range. Longer notches are also
Notch ever made, PH Tool would be in it. possible however. As with all notches that we machine,
Through our proprietary Sinker EDM process, Nanos can be shaped to follow a contour, or to have some
we have developed a unique way to cut our other tip shape if needed. Thumbnail nanos with a 2-to-1
Nano Notches smaller than ever thought length-to-depth ratio are very common, for example.
possible. Nanos as small as 0.0006 inch (15
microns) wide have been successfully ma-
chined in our lab.
What is the process?

The trick lies in making a very thin blade, also
known as an “electrode.” We have always
been able to machine our electrodes thin, but
we’ve pushed the limits of late in order to meet
your needs.
Electrodes
in the 0.0003-
0.0004 inch
thickness range Industry Applications
are required to • Aerospace
maintain result- • Airline
ing notch widths • Automotive
under .001 inch.
• Manufacturing
Even at extremely low power settings, an
• Medical
“overcut” results as the microscopic metal par-
ticles are evacuated from the notch cavity. In • Military
ideal situations, this overcut can be kept in • Petrochemical
the .0003 inch neighborhood. • Power Generation
• Primary Metals
• Research
How deep can we go? • Transportation
Everyone asks this question. The simple an-
swer is about 15 to 1. We can machine a notch We believe that our success
approximately 15 times deeper than the notch
is wide. This means that our maximum depth at
depends on ensuring the success
0.0006 inch is about 0.009 to 0.010 inch. If the of our customers by providing
notch needs to be 0.015 inch deep, the width comprehensive, consistent quality
will be about 0.001 inch. Need 0.030 inch in everything we do.
deep? Plan on 0.002 inch wide then. Certainly,
other factors can have an effect on this rule of
thumb, but it is a good starting point. Notches
required in IDs or in a bore will typically be
wider due to vibration of the smaller electrode
rod required for access. Notches with excellent
access are the most easily-produced Nanos.
...the STANDARD of Excellence
WHAT IS EDM?
Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a nonconventional metal removal machining method that employs the
use of an electrode to machine the desired shape into a workpiece under carefully controlled conditions. EDM
offers several advantages over conventional, “chip-making” machining methods including:
1. The ability to machine extremely narrow notches.

2. The ability to access hard-to-reach locations such as pipe/tube IDs
without the need to section the workpiece.
3. The ability to hold very close dimensional tolerances.
4. The ability to machine harder materials and exotic alloys.
5. The ability to machine irregular shapes not otherwise possible.
All conductive materials are able to be EDM’d. EDM notches can be machined on both the OD and ID of pipe
and tube. Notches can be machined on IDs as small as 0.040”. Transverse (circumferential) notches are
normally made with electrodes precisely ground to the respective radius of the workpiece. This ensures uniform
notch depth along the notch length. Notches can also be made to match an irregular surface, or have a thumbnail
(semi-elliptical) profile.
The basic notch shapes available are detailed below. All notch shapes below can be longitudinally or
circumferentially oriented, and can be located on the OD or ID of hollow cylindrical products.
BASIC NOTCH SHAPES

w
Square Notch
This notch is also referred to as a “Buttress” notch, and has parallel-sided walls and
d minimal corner radius at notch bottom. Typical of notches over 0.010” wide.
Available in depths from 0.0001”; widths from 0.010”; and lengths from 0.005”
through 3.00”.
U-Notch
w This notch has parallel-sided walls at the entry surface and a corner radius at notch
bottom resembling a “U-shape”. Typical of notches under 0.010” wide. Available in
d
depths from 0.0001”; widths from 0.003”; and lengths from 0.005” through 3.00”.
V-Notch
This notch has angled side walls that meet at the notch bottom. Typical V-notch
a
d included angles (a) are 40°, 45°, 60°, 70°, 75° and 90°, with 60° being the most
common. V-notch half-angle should complement beam angle for maximum
response. Available in depths from 0.002”, and lengths from 0.020” through 2.00”.
w
Nano Notch
The absolute narrowest notch available today. Available in widths from 0.0006”,
d depths from 0.0001”; lengths from 0.005” through 1.00”. Some depth limitations
exist on ultra-narrow notches depending on configuration and alloy. Call Technical
Sales to discuss possibilities.
1
HOLES, FLAT-BOTTOM AND OTHER
PH Tool offers many different types of holes used in NDT today. The popular ones are listed below. If you don’t
find what you’re looking for, call us and we’ll be happy to discuss how it can be done. We employ both
conventional machining (drilling) and nonconventional (EDM) in the hole-making process. The determining factors
we consider in choosing a method are machinability of the workpiece, accessibility, hole diameter and depth.
Flat-bottom hole
dia The flat-bottom hole (FBH) is machined to have a flat reflecting surface at the hole
bottom. The hole bottom is typically parallel to the beam entry surface, but can be
dp machined at other desired angles. Primarily used in Ultrasonic testing, with some
application in Eddy Current testing, FBHs can be machined just about anywhere
they are needed for a particular inspection. Available in diameters from .010”. ID
FBHs can be machined without the need to section the part by our EDM process.
Side-drilled hole
dia The side-drilled hole (SDH) is typically a drilled hole, the side wall of which is used
as the reflecting surface. Unlike a FBH, the bottom of a SDH serves no purpose.
dp SDHs are often reamed after initial drilling. SDHs are often drilled in pipe walls at
specified locations from the diameter, e.g.: 1/4T, 1/2T, and 3/4T. They can be
drilled either longitudinally or circumferentially to the axis of the pipe. They can also
be machined in plate, bar or other products. Primary use is Ultrasonic testing.
Available in diameters from .010”.
dia
Micro-sized hole
The micro-sized hole (MSH) is a small diameter hole used primarily in Liquid
dp
Penetrant inspection. Hole diameter is normally 0.004 to 0.005”, and hole depth is
0.008 to 0.010”. These micro-sized holes meet the requirements of the U.S. Navy’s
NSTR-99 Rev. 2 (Qualification Examination Requirements for Nondestructive Test
Personnel). They can be machined in welded plate, pipe, bolts, or any test prop.
Also available in diameters and depths other than stated above. Diameters as small
as 0.0015” (0.038mm) are possible, depending on depth.
dia Concave Radius-bottom hole

The concave radius-bottom hole is machined with a concave radius at the hole
dp bottom. Applications include ID pitting of tube or pipe for Eddy Current Inspection;
and Liquid Penetrant test props. Referred to as a “Round-bottom hole” on the
ASME J-10 block. Available in diameters from 0.003”.
dia
Convex Radius-bottom hole
The convex radius-bottom hole is machined with a convex radius at the hole
dp bottom. Available in diameters from 0.030”.
Irregularly-shaped pits
dp These holes and pits are machined in irregular configurations, not described above.
dia Includes oval-bottom pits, round-bottom pits, 90° conical pits, star-shaped, square
holes, hex holes, and realistic pits. EDM pit electrodes can be cast from real pits
and used to reproduce actual pits very accurately. If you still haven’t seen the hole
you need, use your imagination...we’ll figure out how to accomplish it.
2
ULTRASONIC TEST BLOCKS
IIW-Type 1 Block
Used for calibration of shear and longitudinal transducers, and verification
of shear wedge exit point and refracted angle. Can also be used for
resolution and sensitivity checking. Includes a 4.0” radius on one end and
a 1.0” radius by .060” deep. Also includes a .060” diameter and a 2.0”
diameter hole.
In accordance with International Institute of Welding and ASTM E164
specifications. Dimensions: 12.0” x 4.0” x 1.0”. Metric version available.
IIW-Type 2 Block
This is a modified version of the original IIW-Type 1 design. Includes a 2.0”
radius x .250” deep cut-out superposed on the 4.0” radius for distance
calibration. Also includes numbers 3, 5 and 8 through holes (3/64”, 5/64”
and 8/64” diameter) and distance calibration marks to the 2.0” hole. In
accordance with International Institute of Welding, ASTM E164, and U.S. Air
Force NDI Manual T.O. 33B-1-1 specifications. Dimensions: 12.0” x 4.0”
x 1.0”. NSN is 6635-00-415-9225. Metric version available.
DC Block
AWS-type block used for shear wave distance calibration. Contains a 1.0”
radius overlaying a 2.0” radius on a 180º segment. In accordance with
ASTM E164 and BRR/AWS X-1 specifications.
Dimensions: 2.0” radius section is .5” thick, 1.0” radius section is 1.0” thick.
Metric version available.
SC Block
AWS-type block used for shear wave sensitivity calibration. Contains
two .062” diameter through holes. In accordance with ASTM E164 and
BRR/AWS requirements. Dimensions: 3.00” x 1.25” x .905”. Metric version
available.
DSC Block
AWS-type block used for shear wave distance and sensitivity calibration.
Contains a 1.0” radius opposite a 3.0” radius. The 3.0” radius includes
a .375” deep x .032” wide radiused slot. Also contains a 0º reference point
for checking exit point on wedge, and a .125” diameter through hole and
corresponding markings at 45º, 60º and 70º for measuring actual refracted
angle. In accordance with ASTM E164 and AWS 6.16.1B.
Dimensions: 1.0” thick. Metric version available.
DS Block
AWS-type block used for longitudinal distance and sensitivity calibration.
Contains a 2.0” high section between two 4.0” sections. In accordance
with AWS requirements. Dimensions: 6.0” x 4.0” x 2.0”.
www.phtool.com
email: sales@phtool.com
3
6021 Easton Road, Pipersville, PA 18947 USA Tel: 267-203-1600 Fax: 267-203-1601
4-Step Block
Thickness and linearity calibration. This 4-Step block comes in thicknesses
of .250”, .500”, .750”, and 1.000”. Step face measures .750” x .750”.
In accordance with ASTM E797. Two metric versions available. (4A and 4B)
NOTE: Variations of this block and the 5-Step block below are available if
additional steps are preferred. Also, larger step faces are offered for use with
large diameter transducers.
5-Step Block
Thickness and linearity calibration. This 5-Step block comes in thicknesses
of .100”, .200”, .300”, .400” and .500”. Step face measures .750” x .750”.
In accordance with ASTM E797. Two metric versions available. (5A and 5B)
Type MAB Miniature Angle-Beam

Calibration Block
Also known as a “Rompas” block, this ASTM and U.S. Air Force miniature
angle beam block is a substitute for the DSC block for distance, beam index,
refracted angle and sensitivity calibration. Contains a 1.0” radius opposite a
2.0” radius, and a 5/64” diameter x .750” deep flat-bottom hole.
In accordance with ASTM E164 and U.S. Bureau of Public Roads, Type B
specifications. Dimensions: 1.0” thick. Metric version available.
IOW Beam Profile Block

Used for beam profile measurement of angle beam transducers and
measurement of transducer angles. Contains nine 1.5mm diameter x
22mm deep side drilled holes. In accordance with British Standard
2704 requirements. Dimensions: 305mm x 75mm x 50mm (approx. 12”
x 3” x 2”).
AWS Resolution Block (RC Block)

Used for checking resolution capabilities of angle beam transducers.
Contains three sets of .062” diameter through holes for 45º, 60º and 70º. In
accordance with AWS Welding Highway and Railway Bridges specification
D1.1 and D2.0. Dimensions: 6.0” x 3.0” x 1.0”
NAVSHIPS Test Block

Used for distance amplitude correction, sensitivity levels and flaw depth
information. Contains six 3/64” diameter side-drilled through holes at
distances of .25” to 2.75” in .25” increments. In accordance with MIL-
STD-271G Figure 9, and NAVSHIPS specification 0900-006-3010/
Section 6. Also known as a “Mare Island block.” Dimensions: 12.0” x
3.0” x 1.25”. Metric version also available. A Navy “3020” version,
containing an additional near-surface (0.125”) hole and 125-250 Ra
scanning surfaces, is also available.
4
Miniature Resolution Block
Used for checking resolution capabilities and calibrating high resolution test
equipment. Contains four .188” wide x .625” long milled slots to simulate flat
plate reflectors at metal travel distances of .015”, .020”, .025” and .030”.
Also contains six flat-bottom holes, three each with diameters of 1/64” and
3/64” at metal travel distances of .020”, .025” and .030”.
Dimensions: 3.625” x 1.0” x .125”.
30 FBH Resolution Block

Used for determining resolution and sensitivity capabilities and for
producing area amplitude and distance amplitude plots for normal beam
transducers. Contains ten flat-bottom holes at 3/64” diameter, ten at 5/64”,
and ten at 8/64”. Metal travel distances range from .050” to 1.250”. In
accordance with ASTM E127 and E428. Dimensions: 11.0” x 4.0” x 1.5”.
Metric version also available.
ASME N-625 Reference Plate

Used for longitudinal, shear, and surface wave sensitivity calibrations.
Contains six flat-bottom holes: three 4/64” diameter, one each at depths
of .050”, .250”, and .500”; one 4/64” diameter at 1.500” deep; one 8/64”
diameter at 1.625” deep; and one 16/64” diameter at 1.750” deep. In
accordance with ASME 1275N Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section III, Nuclear Vessels.
Miniature IIW-Type 2 Block

This small and lightweight version of the full-sized IIW-2 does everything
its big brother does, at a fraction of the size and weight. The PH Tool
Mini IIW-2 measures 1” thick x 2” tall x 6” long, and contains both 1” and
2” radii. An .080” wide sensitivity slot and two sensitivity holes, one at
1/16” diameter, and one at 1/8”, are located .500” from each scanning
surface. A large 1” diameter through-hole is included, along with a
convenient step measuring .500” thick in one corner. Angle beam exit
markers from 35° to 75° are machine-engraved on one face. Dimensions
are 1.000” x 2.000” x 6.000”. In accordance with PH Drawing. No. 10147.
V1/5 (A2) Calibration Block

For calibrating ultrasonic flaw detection equipment in both laboratory and on-site
conditions. Our version of this block includes a 100mm radius, 1.5mm and
50.0mm holes, engraved reference mark scales, and two optional slots at the
zero point which provide calibrating signals at intervals of 100mm range. In
accordance with British Standard BS 2704 Block A2 Mod. 1, Fig.2, German
Standard DIN 54-120, EN 12223, Fig. 2, and ISO 2400. This block is not to be
confused with the new EN 12223 / ISO 2400 Calibration Block No. 1 (also called
the K1 block) which is similar but contains a 3.0mm through-hole rather than a
1.5mm hole. See our test block store for this block. Dimensions are 300mm x
100mm x 25mm.
V2 (A4) Calibration Block

Small calibration block for on-site checking of miniature shear wave probe
index, time base, beam angle and gain. Includes a 25mm and 50mm radius,
1.5mm hole (or 5mm), engraved reference mark scales from 35 to 75 degrees.
In accordance with British Standard BS 2704 block A4, Fig. 4, and ISO 7963
Cal block No. 2, Fig. 1. Dimensions: 75mm x 43mm x 25mm (12.5 and 20mm
thick blocks are also available.)
5
90° Curved 5-Step Block
Special curved step block for thickness and linearity calibration of curved surfaces.
This 90° Curved 5-Step block is machined from solid 2" diameter bar with step
thicknesses of .100", .200", .300", .400" and .500". ID radius is 0.50". In accordance
with PH Tool Drawing No. 10177. Step face is 1.000" x 90° arc.
VW Step Block
Metric 8-step thickness and linearity calibration block. This block comes
in thicknesses of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0mm. Step face
measures 15mm x 15mm.
Thin Step Block

Special 4-step block for thickness and linearity calibration of thin materials.
This block comes in thicknesses of 0.040”, 0.060”, 0.080”, and 0.100”. Step
face measures 0.750” x 0.750”. Manufactured in accordance with PH Tool
drawing no. 10073. Metric version with steps measuring 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and
2.5mm and face size of 20mm x 20mm is also available.
Magna-Thin Step Block

Special 5-step block for thickness and linearity calibration of thin materials.
This block comes in thicknesses of 0.020”, 0.040”, 0.060”, 0.080”, and
0.100”. Step face measures 0.750” x 0.750”. Manufactured in accordance
with PH Tool drawing no. 10183. Metric version with steps measuring 0.5,
1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5mm and face size of 20mm x 20mm is also available.
10-Step Block
Special step block for thickness and linearity calibration. There are three
versions of the block available. The 10-Step Inch version is made to PH
Tool drawing no. 10142 and goes from 0.100” to 1.000” in 0.100”
increments. Face measures 0.750” x 0.750”. The 10-Step Metric 10A
version (drawing no. 10143) goes from 2.5 to 25.0mm in 2.5mm
increments. The 10-Step Metric 10B version (drawing no. 10144) goes from
2.0 to 20.0mm in 2.0mm increments. Step face on both metric versions is
20mm x 20mm.
Tipsy Step Block

Special Step Block for thickness and linearity calibration. This versatile block
contains eight (8) steps. Set it down on one side and get the 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0"
steps. Then "Tip" it over and get the 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5" steps. Step faces
measures 1.00" x 1.00". Manufactured in accordance with PH Tool drawing no.
10068. Step thickness tolerance is ±0.002". Metric version with steps measuring
25.0, 37.5, 50.0, 62.5, 75.0, 87.5, 100.0, and 112.5mm also available. Step faces
on metric block measure 25.0mm x 25.0mm. Our new Universal Tipsy Block
design combines both measurement scales on one handy block. Stand it up to
calibrate on the 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0" thicknesses; then "Tip" it over to get the
25.0, 50.0, 75.0, and 100.0 mm steps.
6
Sizing Blocks
EDM Slot Sizing Block No. 10072 - This block contains nine EDM slots
from 0.100” to .900” deep. Slot width is 0.011”. Nominal depth is laser
engraved on the side of the block. In accordance with PH Dwg No. 10072.
Alloys: 1018 steel-nickel plated, Type 304 stainless steel, 7075-T6 aluminum-
anodized, and others by request. Block dimensions are 1.000” x 1.000” x
10.000”. Alternative version of this block with nine 1/16” diameter through holes
is called Drilled Hole Sizing Block No. 10074. In accordance with PH Dwg. No.
10074.
“FAST” UT Sizing Block - This popular block contains 1/32” dia. SDHs at
0.100”, 0.200”, 0.300”, 0.400” with corresponding beam exit marks for 70°
engraved on both sides. Also contains two EDM notches at 0.050” and 0.100”
deep x .011” wide x 0.500” long. Alloy: ASTM A516 Grade 70 PVQ plate. In
accordance with PH Dwg. No. 10539 Rev. 01. Dimensions: 0.500” x 1.000” x
12.000”.
Specials with EDM slots and holes are also available.
PHASED ARRAY TEST BLOCKS

PACS™ Block
New Phased Array calibration block used for angle beam
verification, probe angle exit point, calibration for wedge delay,
sensitivity, DAC/TCG for thicknesses up to 2”, and crack sizing. The
three radii (0.500”, 1.000”, and 2.000”) allow for velocity and sound
path calculations. Block contains five holes at 3/64” diameter drilled
through the 1.000” width, located at .100, .200, .400, .600, .800, 1.200, 1.400, 1.600, 1.800, and 1.900” from
the respective scanning surface. Generous hole spacing eliminates “ghost” images from adjacent holes. Also
includes an engraved scale from 30° to 70° associated with the .800” hole. Dimensions: 18.0” x 2.0” x 1.0”. In
accordance with PH Tool Drawing No. 10173. Designed jointly by PH Tool LLC and Davis NDE.
Mini PACS™ Block

Mini PACS™ Block is a smaller, portable version of the original PACS™
Block. The block includes a total of four holes at 3/64" diameter drilled
through the 1.000" width, located at .200, .400, .600, .700, .800, .900,
1.100, and 1.300" from the respective scanning
surface. Dimensions: 1.500" tall x 1.000" wide x 10.00" long. In
accordance with PH Tool Drawing No. 10192. Designed jointly by PH Tool
LLC and Davis NDE.
PACS™ Notch Block

The PACS™ Notch Block has been specially designed for use with Phased
Array instruments used for sizing of OD and ID-connected cracks. The
block contains four EDM slots at depths of 20, 40, 60, and 80% and a width
of .031". Standard thickness is 1.000"; however, other sizes can be
ordered. Dimensions: 1.000" thick x 2.000" wide x 7.00" long. In
accordance with PH Tool Drawing No. 10210. Designed jointly by PH Tool
LLC and Davis NDE.
7
PHASED ARRAY TEST BLOCKS
ASTM E2491 PA Assessment Block

The PH Tool ASTM E2491 Phased Array Assessment Block is a general
purpose Phased Array calibration block used for beam characterization and
evaluation of system performance characteristics. Use it as baseline block
to determine long-term instrument performance changes, generate DAC
curves, and evaluate linear/angular resolution, focusing ability and beam
steering capability. With a variety of targets, this small, lightweight block is
also perfect for customer demonstrations of phased array ultrasonics
capabilities. This block is also referred to as a “Type B” block. Dimensions:
150mm x 100mm x 25mm. In accordance with ASTM E2491 and PH Tool
Drawing No. 10208.
Phased Array Type A Block (IIW-Type)

The Phased Array “Type A” Calibration Block is used during the initial
setup and calibration of a phased array ultrasonic unit. This block can be
used to perform tasks such as beam angle verification, calibration for
wedge delay, sensitivity calibration, performing DAC/TCG, and more. This
block has similar dimensions to an IIW-Type Block, but has been specially-
engineered for phased array applications. Blocks include both 50.0mm
and 25.0mm radii, (19) through holes at 1.0mm diameter, (1) through hole
at 2.0mm diameter, (4) FBHs at 2.0mm diameter x 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, and
8.0mm deep, (4) FBHs at 4.0mm diameter x 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, and 7.0mm
deep, (3) FBHs at 2.0mm diameter x 3.0mm deep machined into the
25mm radius, and (4) EDM notches at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4mm deep x
0.5mm wide x 25.0mm long. Block dimensions are 25.0mm thick x
100.0mm tall x 300.0mm long. In accordance with PH Tool Drawing No.
10217.
Phased Array Calibration Block No. 2

This new Phased Array calibration block design by PH Tool contains all of
the required features on the ASME Section V, Article 4 Basic Calibration
Block yet spaces the holes out on a longer, narrower block. The block
contains three holes at 3/32” diameter drilled through the 1.500” width,
located at 1/4T, 1/2T, and 3/4T. It also contains two EDM notches at 2%
deep x .010” wide x 1.500” long on opposite surfaces of one
end. Dimensions: 14.0” x 1.5” x .75” thick. In accordance with PH Tool
Drawing No. 10178.
Phased Array NAVSHIPS Block

This special Phased Array version of the popular NAVSHIPS block solves
the problem of too many holes interfering with one another. The block
contains four holes at 3/64” diameter drilled through the 1.250” width. The
holes are located at .250, .750, 1.250, 1.750, 2.250, and
2.750”. Dimensions: 12.0” x 3.0” x 1.25”. In accordance with PH Tool
Drawing No. 10168.
8
ASTM Area Amplitude Set of 8
Set of eight blocks used to determine the relationship between flaw size and echo
amplitude by comparing signal responses. Metal travel distance is 3.000” for all
blocks. In accordance with ASTM E127 and E428. Flat-bottom hole diameters for
this set per E127 Table 3 are: 1/64”, 2/64”, 3/64”, 4/64”, 5/64”, 6/64”, 7/64” and 8/64”.
Includes ultrasonic response plot. ASTM blocks in aluminum and steel are not
recommended for long-term immersion. If blocks are intended for this purpose, please contact
Technical Sales to discuss industrial coating options.
ASTM Distance/Area Amplitude Set of 10

Basic set of ten blocks used to determine dead zone, sensitivity, distance and area
amplitude linearity measurements. In accordance with ASTM E127 and E428. Flat-
bottom hole diameters and metal travel distances for this set per E127 Table 1 are:
3/64” at 3.000” MTD; 5/64” at .125”, .250”, .500”, .750”, 1.500”, 3.000” and 6.000”
MTD; and 8/64” at 3.000” and 6.000” MTD. Includes ultrasonic response plot.
ASTM blocks in aluminum and steel are not recommended for long-term immersion. If blocks
are intended for this purpose, please contact Technical Sales to discuss industrial coating
options.
ASTM Distance Amplitude Set of 19

Set of nineteen blocks used to determine the relationship between metal
distance and signal amplitude. All blocks have the same size flat-bottom
hole. Hole diameter must be specified when ordering. (3/64”, 5/64” or
8/64”) In accordance with ASTM E127 and E428. Metal travel distances
for this set per E127 Table 4 are: .063”, .125”, .250”, .375”, .500”, .625”,
.750”, .875”, 1.000”, 1.250”, 1.750”, 2.250”, 2.750”, 3.250”, 3.750”, 4.250”,
4.750”, 5.250” and 5.750”. Includes ultrasonic response plot.
ASTM blocks in aluminum and steel are not recommended for long-term
immersion. If blocks are intended for this purpose, please contact Technical
Sales to discuss industrial coating options.
ASTM Single Blocks

Used for measurement of the sensitivity and/or resolution of normal beam transducers.
Available with flat-bottom holes with diameters from 1/64” to 8/64”, with MTD
from .063” to 12.000”. Per ASTM E127 and E428. ASTM blocks in aluminum and steel
are not recommended for long-term immersion. If blocks are intended for this purpose, please
contact Technical Sales to discuss industrial coating options.
ASTM Specials
Special blocks are available in exotic alloys, shapes other than the standard 2”
diameter, metric dimensions, concave or convex radius ends,
or non-typical quantities of blocks per set. Extra-long blocks up to 40” metal travel
distance at 4 inch diameter are available. In accordance with ASTM E127 and E428
specifications. Custom hardwood storage cases available.
Westinghouse Reference Standards

The Westinghouse Reference Standard Set 84350KA is made of AISI 4340 steel,
which has been found to be acoustically similar to rotor and disc material. The set
consists of one B-1, one B-3 and one B-11 block. In accordance with Westinghouse
Process Spec - Ultrasonic Examination No. 84350KA Appendix I,and ASTM E428
requirements. Flat-bottom hole diameter is .0625” for all blocks. Metal travel
distance is 1.000”, 3.000” and 11.000”. Block diameter is 2” for B-1 block and 3” for
B-3 and B-11 blocks.
9
ASTM E317 Horizontal and Vertical

Linearity Block, Fig. 1
Used for evaluating the horizontal and vertical linearity characteristics of
ultrasonic pulse-echo testing systems. Figure 1 block is constructed from
7075-T6 Aluminum and contains two 3/64” diameter side-drilled holes.
In accordance with ASTM E317 Figure 1.
Dimensions: 3.00” x 2.00” x 1.00”.
ASTM E317 Resolution Block, Fig. 6

Used for evaluating the resolution characteristics of ultrasonic pulse-
echo testing systems. Figure 6 block is constructed from 7075-T6
Aluminum and contains six 3/64” diameter flat-bottom holes. In
accordance with ASTM E317 Figure 6. Dimensions: 2.00” x 1.00/3.30”
x 8.00”. Other alloys and hole diameters available.
Metric version also available.
ASTM E1158 Distance Amplitude Blocks

This specification governs the material selection and fabrication of reference
blocks for the pulsed longitudinal wave contact or immersion ultrasonic
examination of metal and metal alloy production round bar stock between 1”
and 10” in diameter. It is recommended that the blocks be fabricated from
material representative of the production material to be examined. The Figure
1 block contains a number of holes of the same diameter at various distances
from the scan surface. Typical hole diameter is 5/64” or larger. Figure 3
block for square or rectangular bar over 1” is also available.
ASTM E1158 Area Amplitude Blocks

This specification governs the material selection and fabrication of reference
blocks for the pulsed longitudinal wave contact or immersion ultrasonic
examination of metal and metal alloy production round bar stock between 1”
and 10” in diameter. It is recommended that the blocks be fabricated from
material representative of the production material to be examined. The Figure
2 block contains holes of different diameters at the same distance from the
scan surface. Typical hole diameters range from 2/64” and 8/64” or larger.
Figure 4 block for square or rectangular bar over 1” is also available.
MIL-STD-2154
MIL-STD-2154 UT Test Blocks
The following UT Test Blocks from MIL-STD-2154 are available:
Ultrasonic • Figure 3 - Convex Surface Reference Standard Configuration for
Test Blocks Longitudinal Wave Inspection.
• Figure 4 - Standard Ultrasonic Test Block for Angle Beam Examination.
• Figure 5 - Hollow Cylindrical Standards.
10
ULTRASONIC CALIBRATION BLOCKS/STANDARDS
ASME Sec. V Basic Calibration Blocks
Used for establishment of primary reference responses for UT examination of
welds. Block contains three DAC side-drilled holes at 1.5” deep minimum at
diameters between 3/32” and 1/4” depending on the block thickness (T). Hole
locations through the thickness are 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4T. Also contains two
notches measuring 2%(T) deep x 1.0” long minimum. Spec: ASME Section
V, Article 4, Figure T-434.2.1. Dimensions: T x 6.25” x 3(T) min. Available
in thicknesses of 1/2”, 3/4”, 1½”, 3”, and 5”. Older version to ASME Section
V, Article 5, Figure T-542.2.1 (.040” deep min / 2.0” long minimum) is also
available upon special request.
ASME Sec. V Basic Calibration Blocks

Long Version
Special long version for 60/70° transducers or phased array. The additional
length allows for a full skip to the “top” notch. Used for establishment of
primary reference responses for UT examination of welds. Block contains
three DAC side-drilled holes at 1.5” deep minimum at diameters of between
3/32” and 3/16” depending on the block thickness (T). Hole locations through
the thickness are 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4T. Also contains two notches measuring
2%(T) deep x 1.0” long minimum. Spec: ASME Sec V, Art 4, Fig T-434.2.1.
Dimensions: T x 6.25” x 8(T). Available in thicknesses of 1/2”, 3/4”, 1½”, & 3”.
ASME Sec. V Angle Beam Cal Blocks

The basic calibration block for weldments shall be a section of pipe of the
same nominal size, schedule, heat treatment, and material specification as
the material being examined. Contains four (4) notches (longitudinal and
circumferential on both OD and ID) at a depth of 9½% of nominal wall by 1”
long min. Standards can be machined from either PH Tool or customer-
supplied material. Spec: ASME Sec. V, Article 4, Figure T-434.3 (Calibration
Block for Pipe).
ASME Sec. XI Basic Piping Cal Block

Complete manufacture of the ASME Section XI Blocks including: supplying
of pipe, machining of OD/ID (if needed), cladding (if needed), machining of
all notches and side-drilled holes (SDH), machine engraving of all essential
info including alloy, specification, diameter, wall thickness and serial number.
Blocks normally contain: one axial OD notch, one axial ID notch, one circ OD
notch, one circ ID notch, two axial SDHs at 1/4 and 3/4T, and two circ SDHs
at 1/4 and 3/4T. Can also be made from customer-supplied material. In
accordance with ASME Sec. XI, Div. 1, Fig. III-3230-2. PH Tool is NUPIC
approved.
2½" 2½"
ASME Sec. III NB-2552.3 Standards
Used for ultrasonic examination of pipe and tubing in both
#1 #2
.750" circumferential and axial directions. The reference specimen shall be of
14 NPS S/80
(14.000")
the same nominal diameter, wall thickness, nominal composition and
#4
heat treated condition as the product being examined. Contains four (4)
notches of square, U or V shape at a depth not greater than the larger of
4½" #3 0.004” or 5% of nominal wall by 1” long max. Defects are located so
9" that indications are separate and distinct. In accordance with ASME
NOTCH No.
1
TYPE
SQUARE
DEPTH
0.0354
WIDTH
0.0179
LENGTH
0.97
LOCATION
OD
ORIENTATION
LONGITUDINA
Section III, Division 1, NB-2552.3. Sample sketch at left shows a 14”
2
3
SQUARE
SQUARE
0.0347
0.0355
0.0182
0.0202
0.97
0.97
ID
OD
L
LONGITUDINA
LTRANSVERSE NPS Schedule 80 pipe section with notch As-builts in grid below.
4 SQUARE 0.0355 0.0201 0.97 ID TRANSVERSE
11
ULTRASONIC CALIBRATION BLOCKS/STANDARDS
PDI Contoured Calibration Blocks for
Dissimilar Metal (DM) Welds
Contoured calibration blocks are used in the manual examination of dissimilar
metal (DM) welds and base materials including piping susceptible to Stress
Corrosion Cracking (SCC). The blocks are used to establish a reference
sensitivity level from which subsequent exams may be compared. The blocks
are precisely machined to fit contoured search units for axial and
circumferential scanning directions. Customer specifies block contour radius
based on diameter of material being inspected. Blocks are manufactured in
Type 304 or Type 316 Stainless Steel, and are certified to meet Performance
Demonstration Initiative PDI-UT-10 and PDI-UT-8.
RECERTIFICATION OF TEST BLOCKS

In addition to the inspection of newly-made standards and test
blocks, PH Tool also offers recalibration/recertification services.
This service is offered on products manufactured by us, as well
as by other manufacturers. Typical items that we recertify are:
ultrasonic test blocks such as IIW and step blocks, and ASTM
flat bottom hole reference block sets made to ASTM E127 and
E428. Blocks of unknown origin or with missing documentation
may be able to be recertified, saving the expense of replace-
ment.
If the specific alloy or grade of an existing specimen is in ques-

tion, PH Tool also offers Positive Material Identification (PMI)
services. These tests are capable of positively determining the
exact chemistry of the item in question in a non-invasive manner.
How often should I have my Ultrasonic Test Blocks recertified?
This question is becoming more and more common. Ten years ago, customers rarely sent UT blocks back to
the manufacturer for recertification. Now, many do. It may be that the auditing or certifying agencies are begin-
ning to look at test blocks as Measuring & Test Equipment (M&TE) and require that they be verified as time
passes. We have seen situations where blocks that have been used extensively begin to exhibit dimensional
changes. We have even observed blocks that are worn to the point that they no longer meet the intended speci-
fications. Conversely, some blocks still look absolutely new after 10 years. Clearly, block condition, and the
need to recertify, is influenced by the amount of use/abuse to which the block has been subjected.
12
ULTRASONIC REFERENCE STANDARDS
5½
2½
2-Notch Pipe Standard
Typical standard for circumferential scanning containing two (2) notches, one
#1 #2 0.656 (1) OD longitudinal and one (1) ID longitudinal. The material shall be of the
16 NPS S/60
(16.000) same diameter, wall thickness, material spec, and heat treatment as the
material being inspected. Can be customer-supplied or PH Tool-supplied.
Typical length required is 9 to 12” for contact testing, and 36 to 48” for
9
immersion testing. Notch location can be customer-specified. Standards can
be made 360° (full diameter), however, arc lengths of 90° to 180° are
common for larger diameters. This design is typical of many UT
specifications including: ASTM E-213, ASME Sections III and V, GE P3C-AL-
0300, MIL-T-16420K, ASME SA-655, MIL-STD-271F, MIL-STD-2132, among
others.
2½" 2½"
4-Notch Pipe Standard
Typical standard for circumferential and longitudinal scanning containing four
#1 #2
8 NPS S/80
.500"
(4) notches, one (1) OD longitudinal, one (1) ID longitudinal, one (1) OD
(8.625") #4 circumferential, and one (1) ID circumferential. The material shall be of the
same diameter, wall thickness, material spec, and heat treatment as the
4½" #3 material being inspected. Can be customer-supplied or PH Tool-supplied.
9" Typical length required is 9 to 12” for contact testing, and 36 to 48” for
immersion testing. Notch location can be customer-specified. Standards can
be made 360° (full diameter), however, arc lengths of 90° to 180° are
common for larger diameters. This design is typical of many UT
specifications including: ASTM E-213, ASME Sections III, V and XI, MIL-T-
16420K, ASME SA-655, MIL-STD-271F, among others.
ASME Sec. V Art. 5 Straight Beam

Calibration Blocks for Bolting
These calibration blocks are manufactured in accordance with Figure T-534.3
and contain FBHs drilled in the axial direction of the block. Block material and
examination surface finish shall be the same or equivalent to the bolting under
examination. Block designations A, B, and C are available. Contains one (1)
FBH from 1/16” to 3/8” diameter depending on examination material diameter.
In accordance with ASME Section V, Article 5, Figure T-534.3, Straight Beam
Calibration Blocks for Bolting.
ASME Section V ASME Sec. V Art. 23 Ultrasonic

Article 23
Ultrasonic Standards
Standards
All calibration and reference standards identified in Article 23 are available.
Specifications include SA-388, SA-435/SA-435M, SA-577/SA-577M, SA-578/
SA-578M, SA-609, SA-745, SB-509, SB-510, SB-513, SB-548, SE-113, SE-
114, SE-213, SE-214, and SE-273.
13
ULTRASONIC REFERENCE STANDARDS (TUBE)
2-Notch Tube Standard

Typical standard for circumferential scanning containing two (2) notches, one
(1) OD longitudinal and one (1) ID longitudinal. Typical length required is 48”.
Notch depth, width, and length vary by specification. Notch
#1
location can be customer-specified. ID notch location can be 12”
.250 #2 .058 from end on IDs over approximately 0.180”. Reduces to 6” from
end on 0.080” ID. This design is common to many UT
5
8
48
specifications including MIL-T-16420K and MIL-T-23226.
4-Notch Tube Standard

Typical standard for circumferential and longitudinal scanning containing four
(4) notches, one (1) OD longitudinal, one (1) ID longitudinal, one (1) OD
circumferential, and one (1) ID circumferential. Typical length required is 48”.
Notch depth, width, and length vary by specification. Notch
#1 #3
location can be customer-specified.
.250 .028
ID notch location can be 12” from end on IDs over
#2 #4
approximately 0.180”. Reduces to 6” from end on 0.080” ID.
12
14
12
14
This design is common to many UT specifications including
48 Pratt & Whitney’s PWA SIM 4E SIS 26B.
Unique Tube Standards for UT

Custom variations are also available containing EDM notches, FBHs
(OD and ID), wall thinning, simulated ID pitting, and other unusual
discontinuities. Also includes standards of extra-long overall length,
very small IDs, and exotic alloys such as tantalum and iridium.
Send us your sketch of any unique standard and we’ll provide a
prompt price quotation.
13-Notch UT Standard
Custom standard containing 13 EDM notches. Twelve (12) are .100” long
and are separated by .100”. One (1) is 1.000” long. Notch depth varies from
10% to 90% of wall thickness. Notch width is 0.005”. Narrower notch widths
are available if preferred or if standard
13" will be dual purpose UT/ET., All notches
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 on this standard are longitudinally
SER NO.
.064 oriented, however circumferential
.500"
11 12 13 notches can be machined also.
0.0 4.0 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.5 6.7 7.6 7.8 8.0 13.0
14
ULTRASONIC REFERENCE STANDARDS (BAR)
36 V-Notch and FBH Bar Standard

V-NOTCH #1 Popular standard for round bar inspection containing one (1)
2½
FBH #1 circumferentially oriented V-Notch (normally 60° included angle),
and one (1) FBH. Notch depth and length, and FBH depth and
12
diameter vary by specification. V-Notches are uniformly deep
2
0 relative to the diameter. V-Notch angles other than 60° are
available.
1.680
3-FBH Bar Standard
#1 #2 #3 Popular standard for round bar inspection containing three (3)
FBHs of the same diameter at different depths. FBH depths on
this standard are 1/4D (25% of diameter), 1/2D, and 3/4D.
0 18 36 54 72 FBH diameters are normally from 1/64” through 5/64”, with 3/64”
being most common. More complex standards containing
additional holes and/or notches are available. See below for
details.
2-Piece Round Bar Standard

Standard consists of two sections of round bar joined either by
welding or drilling/tapping/bolting, depending on diameter. The
parting and subsequent joining allows for the machining of axially-
oriented side-drilled holes (SDHs) at prescribed metal travel
distances from the diameter of the bar. Normally two (2)
#1
5/8-11 STUD #3 or four (4) SDHs are used. SDH diameter is typically 1.0
#8
SERIAL
NO.
#4
#5 #6 #7 2.000"
NOM
mm (0.0394”) or 3/64” (0.047”). Standard also contains
1.3 typ
three (3) FBHs (radially-oriented) at 1/4D, 1/2D, and
#2 3/4D. FBH diameters are normally from 1/64” through
24 0 12 16 20 24 52
5/64”, with 3/64” being most common. An axial EDM
notch is often included in this design.
30"
48"
PWA SIS-315A; SIM-1 Standard
27" Pratt & Whitney Aircraft standard for round bar/rod inspection.
24"
Variation depicted at left shows standard containing one (1)
21"
3/64” diameter FBH at 50% depth; one (1) 3/64” dia. at 10%;
.235"
#2 #3 #4 one 1/32” dia. at 10%; and one (1) axial EDM notch at 3%
#1
deep by 1/4” long.
15
ULTRASONIC REFERENCE STANDARDS (OTHER)
Projectile Body UT Standards

Typical projectile body and/or base standard will include OD and ID notches
oriented both longitudinally and circumferentially. Notches can be uniformly
deep across length, or thumbnail profile. Notch depth, width, length, and
location are normally customer specified. Standards often contain FBHs also.
API RP 2X Reference Standard

American Petroleum Institute Reference Standard for Level “C”
Examination for Recommended Practice 2X (RP 2X),
Ultrasonic Examination of Offshore Structural Fabrication and
Guidelines for Qualification of Ultrasonic Technicians. Set of
four (4) blocks required. One block containing a square
(buttress) notch and one each with V-notches for 45°, 60°, and
70° orientations for establishing scanning sensitivity for root
reflectors. Note: Simulated references for rejectable flaws
established by the Operator’s UT specialist should be added to
this block for the calibration of internal reflectors, i.e. 3/32”
diameter side-drilled hole. In accordance with API RP 2X,
3"
KAPL ID NO. Miniature FBH Standard
Standard shown contains a total of eight (8) FBHs as follows: one (1) at .020”
#1 #5
diameter with .100” clad depth (metal travel distance) oriented at 90° to the
#2 #6
1" TYP scanning surface, one (1) at .020” dia. x .050” clad at 90°, one (1) at .020”
5"
dia. x .100” clad at 45°, and one (1) at .020” dia. x .050” clad at 45°, and four
#3 #7 (4) more same as above but at .060” diameter. Custom variations containing
A A additional FBHs, other diameters, and different angles are available. Fax
#4 #8 your sketch of any unique standard and we’ll provide a prompt price
quotation.
DETAIL B
.273"
SECTION A-A
Remember, we routinely build Specials and Purpose-built Blocks for UT. If you need
one block or 100, we can make it. And if your need is an Emergency, such as a plant
outage or a grounded plane, our Rush service will get it to you when you need it.
16
STANDARDS FOR IN-LINE PHASED ARRAY CALIBRATION SYSTEMS
Phased Array Calibration Standards

At PH Tool, our entire staff is dedicated to finding innovative
ways to meet the demands of an increasingly-complex NDT
marketplace.
Recently, PH Tool has been involved in supporting the

commissioning of several in-line phased array bar and tube
inspection systems. When the bar and tube industry adopted
sophisticated phased array ultrasonic and eddy current
technology to inspect their product, they turned to PH Tool to
manufacture complex calibration standards.
In the wake of these new developments, PH Tool has

pioneered a number of deep Flat-Bottom Hole (FBH) drilling
and EDM notch machining techniques used in the manufacture
of these longer/heavier calibration standards.
DEEP FLAT-BOTTOM HOLE DRILLING

FBH Calibration Standards
In past years, if a customer needed deep FBHs drilled, the
standard needed to be "stepped," due to machine and tooling
limitations.
Thanks to the experience and pioneering spirit of PH Tool, our

customers can now calibrate on large-diameter standards that are
not compromised with invasive steps or access pockets and slots.
To support this effort, we have added three vertical CNC mills

dedicated to deep FBH drilling. The largest of the three has an
incredible Z-axis travel of 41 inches. Combined with our specially-
engineered tooling, PH Tool can now drill FBHs at 20 inches deep
into a 21 inch diameter bar!
TECH SCALES
Tech Scales (Pack of 5)
You’ve seen them at our booth at trade shows over the years, now our handy NDT
Technician scales are available for sale in packages of five scales. Made of sturdy,
anodized aluminum, these great little scales are Inch on one side (0 to 8 inch in
increments of .050, and .100), and Metric on the other (0 to 200 mm in 1 mm
increments.) Dimensions: .063” thick x 8.0” (200mm) long.
17
EDDY CURRENT CALIBRATION STANDARDS
ASME Sec. V Calibration Reference Standard
2007 Code
This standard is used to establish and verify system response for
ET examination of nonferromagnetic steam generator heat
A B C D
exchanger tubing. Manufactured from tubing of the same nominal
size and material type as that being examined. Discontinuities
include one (1) through-wall hole (0.052” dia for tubing 3/4” and
under; 0.067” dia for over 3/4”); four (4) through-wall holes @ .026”
0” 3” 5” 7” 9” 12”
dia (for tubing 3/4” and under) or .033” dia (for tubing over 3/4”)
indexed 90°; one (1) 7/64” FBH @ 60%; and four (4) 3/16” FBHs @
20% indexed 90°. Tubing can be customer or PH Tool-supplied.
In accordance with 2007 ASME Section V, Article 8, Appendix II,
Paragraph II-860.2.
ASME Sec. V Calibration Reference Standard

Pre - 2007 Code
This standard is used to establish and verify system response for
A B C D E F G
ET examination of nonferromagnetic steam generator heat
.62
5
exchanger tubing. Manufactured from tubing of the same nominal
size and material type as that being examined. Discontinuities
0" 2" 4" 6" 7" 8" 11" 12" 13" include one (1) through-wall hole (0.052” dia for tubing 3/4” and
.035
WALL under; 0.067” dia for over 3/4”); one (1) 5/64” dia FBH @ 80% deep;
one (1) 7/64” FBH @ 60%; one (1) 3/16” FBH @ 40%; four (4) 3/16”
FBHs @ 20% indexed 90°; one (1) 1/8” wide 360° OD groove at
20% deep; and one (1) 1/16” wide 360° ID groove @ 10%. Tubing
can be customer or PH Tool-supplied. In accordance with ASME
Section V, Article 8, Appendix I, Paragraph I-865.
1 2 3
14"
4 5 6
ID FBH Calibration Standard
.353"
SER NO.
.020 Custom standard containing five (5) 0.010” diameter FBHs at
varying depths from 0.002” to 0.006”, and one (1) 0.010”
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 diameter through-wall hole. FBH depth and location can be
customer-directed. Typical separation between holes is 2”.
180° 3-Flaw Wearscar Standard

12”
Popular standard containing three (3) wearscars at 180°
SER. NO.
.049 WALL circumferential extent at depths (wall loss) of 25%, 50%, and
.625 A B C 75% of wall thickness. 20%, 40%, 60% also popular. Extent of
D
wearscar can be other than 180° if preferred. Standard also
2”
typ
contains one (1) through-wall hole (0.052” dia. for tubing 3/4”
and under; 0.067” dia. for tubing over 3/4”. Circ extents of 120°
and 360° also available.
Circ Notch Eddy Current Standard

12"
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 This standard contains nine (9) circumferentially-oriented
.500"
.042" OD EDM notches. All notches are 20% TWD (through-wall
1.2"
depth). Circumferential extent is 10° through 90° in 10°
SER NO.
TYP
increments. Notch width is normally 0.005” to 0.010”.
Other variations are available.
18
EDDY CURRENT CALIBRATION STANDARDS
ASME Section V ASME Sec. V Art 26 ET Standards

Article 26 All calibration and reference standards identified in Article 26 are
Eddy Current Standards available. Specifications include SE-215, SE-243, SE-309, SE-426,
and SE-571. Inset shows SE-309, Figure 2, Various Types of
Artificial Discontinuities, including longitudinal notch, transverse
notch, and through-wall drilled hole.
Tube Support Simulation Ring

Used with ASME and other eddy current calibration standards. ID of
1.450
±.005
1.133 ±.002 support ring fits OD of tube standard with approximately 0.010”
clearance. Length of support ring typically varies from 1/4” to 1”
depending on application. Available in many materials.
3/4
±.010 SER. NO. MARKED ON
RING OD
Specialized Tube Standards for ET

Custom variations are also available containing EDM notches, FBHs
(OD and ID), wall thinning, simulated ID pitting, and other unusual
discontinuities. Also includes standards of extra-long overall length,
very small IDs, and exotic alloys such as tantalum and iridium.
Send us your sketch of any unique standard and we’ll provide a
prompt price quotation.
ID Thinning Standard
Popular eddy current standard used to represent general uniform
wastage (ID wall loss). Contains four (4) 2.0” long bands @ 10%,
20%, 30%, and 40% wall loss at 360° circumferential extent.
Standard is made in two (2) 11” long pieces (22” overall) and is
joined with a plastic coupling on the OD. Can be made in any
tube alloy and size. Material is typically available from our stock
with MTRs. If we don’t stock it, we’ll get it. Or, as always, this
standard can be made from customer-supplied material.
19
EDDY CURRENT CALIBRATION STANDARDS (OTHER)
3-Notch Surface Defect Calibration Std.
This common standard contains three (3) surface notches at depths of
0.008”, 0.020”, and 0.040”. Notch width typically 0.004” to 0.005”, with
other widths possible. Optional notch #4 is a 0.030” by 0.030” 45°
corner notch. (not pictured on sketch) Materials offered include 7075-
T6 Aluminum, AISI 4340 Steel, Type 304 Stainless Steel,
6Al-4V Titanium, Inconel 600, Inconel 625, Inconel 690, and others.
Notch depths are machine engraved on one edge; serial number and
alloy on the other. NIST traceable. Block dims: 3.0” x 1.0” x .25”.
In accordance with PH Drawing No. 10075.
Bolthole Calibration Blocks

Common blocks containing bolthole notches. Notches can be oriented axially
in hole, full thickness of block or less, 45° corner notches, thumbnail corner
notches, or other. Block at left contains one (1) bolthole of .438” diameter
with axial notch 0.030” deep x 0.004” wide x .030” long. Block dimensions:
2” diameter x .250” thick. Blocks with multiple holes and notches are
common also. Typical hole diameters range from 0.125” to 1.000”. Many
different block thicknesses, overall sizes, and materials are available.
Multiple layer blocks available.
MIL-STD-271F Performance Verification

Reference Block
The Performance Verification Reference Block meets the requirements
of MIL-STD-271F, Paragraph 7.4.2. Block is approximately 4” x 6” x
3/8” thick and made of the same material type as that being inspected.
Blocks normally contain four (4) notches machined to 0.015” deep x
0.250” long x 0.010” wide (maximum dimensions). Blocks used for
inspection of welds in the as-welded condition contain a similar weld
with notches positioned in the weld. PH Tool will supply the complete
block, or machine the notches in customer-supplied welded blocks.
Turbine Blade Reference Standards

This standard is made from a customer-supplied blade of the same
nominal composition as the blades being tested. EDM notches are
machined on the leading and trailing edge of the convex and concave
side. Notch dimensions per Westinghouse Process Specification
84351B4 are: 0.010” deep x 0.0025” wide x 0.250” long. Variations of
this spec with additional notches are also available.
Wheel Inspection Reference Standards

This type of standard is made from a wheel of the same nominal
composition and size as those being tested. EDM notches of various
dimensions can be machined in high-stress areas of the wheel standard.
Standards can be made from aircraft, truck, or automobile wheels.
Wheels or wheel segments are customer-supplied.
20
EDDY CURRENT CALIBRATION STANDARDS (OTHER)
Air Force General Purpose Eddy

Current Standard
Standard is a three (3) plate assembly measuring 4” x 7” x 1.06”.
Contains twenty (20) fastener holes with diameters from 0.156 to
0.750”, two (2) screw holes, and two (2) dowel pins holes.
Standard also contains a total of 66 EDM notches in various
locations. Notch depth and length vary. Width is 0.004” for all
notches. Material is Aluminum Alloy 7075-T6, QQ-A-250/12.
Finished standard is anodized per MIL-A-8625, Type II,
Class I. Standard can also be made in titanium, steel,
stainless steel or other alloy. Manufactured in accordance
with U.S.A.F. Tech Order 33B-1-1, Figures 4-47 through 4-49.
NSN 6635-01-092-5129, P/N 7947479-10.
Top
Navy Eddy Current Ref. Std. Kit
(Universal Eddy Current Reference Std.)
Standard used by all AIMD NDI shops shorebased and
Close-Up shipboard intermediate maintenance activities for calibrating
eddy current units prior to inspection. Standard is a three (3)
plate assembly measuring 4” x 7” x .875”. Contains twenty
(20) fastener holes with diameters from 0.156 to 0.750”, two
Bottom (2) screw holes, and two (2) dowel pins holes. Standard also
contains a total of 71 EDM notches in various locations.
Notch depth and length vary. Width is 0.004” for all notches.
Manufactured in accordance with U.S.A.F. Tech Order 33B-1-
1, Figure 4-50. Kit P/N is NRK-3AST and consists of (1)
Aluminum, P/N NRK-3A, 7075-T651 top and middle layer,
7075-T73 bottom layer; (1) Steel, P/N NRK-3S, 4340 alloy all
three layers, and (1) Titanium, P/N NRK-3T, 6Al-4V alloy all
three layers.
DC-10 Service Bulletin Reference Stds

PH Tool is a recommended source for Eddy Current Reference
Standards required per Service Bulletin 55-24. All four (4) standards
are available including part numbers: SB10550024-3 (10RS.51),
SB10550024-5 (10RS.51), SB10550024-7 (10RS.51), and
SB09530016-5 (DAC GSET AL.01).
Aircraft Manufacturer Standards

Boeing, McDonnell Douglas, Airbus, Lockheed,
Bombardier, Cessna, Saab, Gulfstream, Fairchild, others.
Standards are available to all aircraft manufacturer’s specifications. We
can manufacture the complete standard, or machine the EDM notches
only in customer-supplied blanks. Both ET and UT standards offered.
21
MAGNETIC PARTICLE STANDARDS
GE Compressor Blade Standard

This compressor blade standard is made from a customer-supplied blade
similar to those being inspected. It contains seven (7) EDM slots
(notches) located in the areas shown at left. Notch dimensions are
0.020” long x 0.005” and 0.010” deep x 0.0035” wide maximum. Notches
are normally filled flush with a nonconducting material, such as epoxy, to
prevent mechanical holding of the indicating medium.
In accordance with GE Power Generation Engineering Spec. P3C-AG16.
Ketos Ring
The Ketos Ring is used to check overall performance of the magnetic
particle examination system. The Ketos Ring is 5” in diameter and .875”
thick, with a 1-1/4” diameter center hole. The block includes (12) thru-
holes at .070” diameter and distances of .070, .140, .210, .280, .350, .420,
.490, .560, .630, .700, .770, and .840” from the OD surface. Made from O-
1 Tool Steel, and dimensionally certified to MIL-STD-1949A, ASTM E1444,
McDonnel Douglas P.S. 21201, DPS 4.704, and SAE-AS5282.
“Flat Ketos” Block

Capable of indicating smaller subsurface discontinuities than its “ring-
shaped” cousin, the “Flat Ketos” Block includes (12) thru-holes at .040”
diameter, at distances of .060, .080, .100, .120, .160, and .200” from
the upper indication surface, and at .240, .310, .390, .470, .550,
and .630” from the lower indication surface. Also known as “Test Block
with Artificial Subsurface Discontinuities.” In accordance with PH Tool
Drawing No. 10234. Metric Version also available. Made from O-1
Tool Steel (HRB 90-95).
ASTM E709 Magnetic Particle System

Performance Verification Plate
Used to check the overall performance of wet or dry techniques using
probes and yokes. This test plate contains ten (10) EDM notches 0.125”
long x 0.005” through 0.050” deep x 0.005” wide. Material should be the
same alloy as the material to be tested.
Plate measures 1” thick x 10” x 10”. Notches are filled flush with a
nonconducting material, such as epoxy, to prevent mechanical holding of
the indicating medium. In accordance with ASTM E709, Figure 13.
22
MAGNETIC PARTICLE STANDARDS
MIL-STD-271F Magnetic Particle Test Plate
Used to verify system performance, this plate contains EDM notches
oriented 90° to the magnetic flux. Notch dimensions are 0.063” long x
0.006” wide x 0.020” deep (maximum dimensions). Material is 3/8” thick
low alloy steel plate of convenient size. Notches are normally filled flush
with a nonconducting material, such as epoxy, to prevent mechanical
holding of the indicating medium. Plate at left shows one (1) notch
oriented parallel to the weld, and another perpendicular to the weld. In
accordance with MIL-STD-271F (SHIPS), Paragraph 4.3.1.2.
Weight Lifting Gear Magnetic Particle Props

These standards will normally contain EDM notches of varying degree and severity.
Notches can be machined in the high-stress areas including, the bight on both sides
and in the throat, the shank, and the area below the shank. Notches are normally
filled flush with a nonconducting material, such as epoxy, to prevent mechanical
holding of the indicating medium. Hooks, shackles, pins, eyebolts, rings, etc., can
be notched.
LIQUID PENETRANT STANDARDS

NSTR-99 Liquid Penetrant Personnel
Qualification Test Props
These liquid penetrant test props contain at least four (4) micro-sized
holes 0.004” to 0.005” diameter by 0.008” to 0.010” deep. Holes can
be machined in welded plate, pipe, bolts, bevel canopies, c-canopies,
socket welds, or any test prop. Materials can be customer-supplied or
PH Tool-supplied. In accordance with U.S. Navy’s NSTR-99 Rev. 3
(Qualification Examination Requirements for Nondestructive Test
Personnel).
Liquid Penetrant Test Prop

Popular Navy LP prop consisting of a Stainless Steel plate with three
(3) welds. Both the plate material and weld filler material are 300
series Stainless Steel. One weld is 1/32” reinforcement and is
contoured (ground); the second is 1/16” reinforcement in the as-welded
condition, the third is an as-welded root weld in a 90° V-groove. Plate
contains twelve (12) micro-sized holes (NSTR-99) and one (1) linear
indication (EDM notch). Notch is typically 0.250” long x 0.002 - 0.003”
wide x 0.010 - 0.015” deep. Plate size is 5” x 7” x 1/2”. Plates can be
customer or PH Tool-supplied. Notches and holes of varying
dimensions are also available. Certification Report with
“as-built” hole and notch dimensions, and a map of defect locations.
23
PRECISION DIMENSIONAL GAGES
PH Tool manufactures close-tolerance mechanical gages, examples of which appear below.
Available in Tool Steel and other materials. These gages are custom made to your design. Send us
a print of your special gage and we’ll provide a prompt quote. High-precision machining methods
enable us to maintain tolerances of “tenths”. Gages are accurately measured and certified traceable
to NIST using a high magnification video measurement system. Gages are laser-engraved with a
unique serial number and as-built dimensions.
Corner Radius Gage
Angle Gage
Go No-Go Gage
Fillet Radius Gage
Fillet Angle Gage
Radius Gage
Stepped Min/Max Gage
24
SERVICES AVAILABLE
Sinker EDM
Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) using Sinker or “Ram” machines has
been our specialty since the 1970’s when this technology first became available
to industry. As a pioneer in EDM, PH Tool quickly became known as the logical
source for EDM Notch reference standards for the NDT community. Today, we
have 13 Sinkers in our EDM Department ready to handle your notch
requirements. All of our machines are purpose-built and allow us to
accommodate any size standard from the smallest weighing only a few ounces
to those exceeding 2 tons.
Wire EDM
EDM using Wire machines is another area of expertise for the company.
This unique, non-conventional machining method allows the precise shaping
of metals that cannot be machined any other way. Of the two wire EDMs we
have in our EDM Department, one is especially large with table travels of 27”
x 16” x 16” tall and is one of only 10 of its kind in service in the US. These
machines can make complex shapes up to 16” tall including turbine disks,
hubs, wheels, pipe sections of special size or heavy walls, dovetails, gears,
CNC Machining of Standards

PH Tool manufactures special test blocks and reference standards to
customer specifications in our fully-equipped CNC machine shop. We are a
full-capability manufacturer, from start to finish, so lead times are always
reasonable. Our broad range of machining capabilities and expertise enables
us to respond quickly to emergency or 24-hour Rush delivery requirements.
We offer the complete package, including computer-aided design, CNC
milling and EDM, drilling, turning, boring, grinding, video measuring, welding,
cladding, and more. Variations of any standard in this catalog are available,
including those required in special alloys.
CNC Milling
When we decided to expand our capabilities beyond EDM Notch standards into
the manufacture of ultrasonic test blocks, eddy current standards, and magnetic
particle/liquid penetrant standards, we knew that we’d need to invest in CNC
machining centers. Today we have six CNC mills running every day making test
blocks for NDT and peck drilling flat bottom holes (FBH).
Turning and Boring

Four lathes cover a wide range of capability up to 26” diameter turning. Our
largest turret lathe has a through-hole measuring 6.250” and is tailored to
machining UT bar and pipe standards requiring axial holes and the machining
of weld preps for subsequent joining. Our CNC lathe is perfect for the
complex turning of EDM notch blanks or special-purpose test blocks, bolthole
standards, and more. Turning, boring, and facing is easily accomplished at
PH Tool.
25
SERVICES AVAILABLE
Surface Grinding
Ten surface grinders give us capacities that are unheard of in the NDT world.
Our largest wet grinders are perfect for the incredibly accurate grinding of test
blocks, while ensuring the exacting surface finishes that are expected in our
industry. Beyond our normal range of grinders, we built a custom machine for
grinding tall parts such as extra-long ASTM flat bottom hole reference blocks up
to 48”.
Replication and Recertification to NIST

PH Tool offers replication (where applicable) and recertification services of
existing standards. Standards of unknown origin, or those lacking
certification, can be certified to the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST). Recertified standards are inspected using the same
exacting methods and procedures as “new” standards. One of many
calibrated devices used, our Video Measurement Systems provide
accurate measurement of parts of all sizes within an 864 cubic inch
working area. All standards are inspected using instruments calibrated
in accordance with ISO 10012-1, ANSI/NCSL Z540-1, and MIL-STD-
45662A using master gage blocks directly traceable to NIST. Quality
Assurance Program complies with MIL-Q-9858A, 10CFR50 Appendix B,
ANSI N45.2, ASME Section III Division 1, and MIL-I-45208. Inset at left
shows a sample Certification Report, typical of one supplied with all
standards. Refer to full-size sample cert in this catalog for clarity.
Welding and Cladding

PH Tool offers both welding and cladding services. GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding), GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding), and SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc
Welding) are available in many materials. Cladding of pipe and plate products
for ASME calibration blocks, and welding of pipe or plate mockups and test
props for UT, ET, PT and MT are routinely performed. Another popular
application is the joining of two sections (butt-weld) of a Round Bar UT bar
standard after machining the axial SDHs (side-drilled holes), and precisely re-
attaching two halves of an Ultrasonic Cylinder standard after EDM of the ID
reflectors.
Surface Roughness Measurement

Precise surface roughness measurements of machined standards are obtained
using an electro-mechanical surface analyzer. Measurement of roughness is
normally reported in Ra (Roughness Average in micro-inches), the universally
recognized parameter of surface roughness. Standards can be manufactured to
meet the surface roughness requirements of a particular testing application. We
can also alter the surface finish of existing standards.
Electrical Conductivity Measurement

More and more customers are requesting that we report the actual Electrical
Conductivity measurement (in % IACS) for the Eddy Current test standards we
manufacture for them. Our Conductivity Meter allows us to accurately do just
that. In addition to the alloy designation, and heat or lot number, we are now
able to report conductivity on the Certification Report when requested.
26
CERTIFICATION REPORT
CUSTOMER: SAMPLE CO, INC. DATE: 10/16/13
SERIAL NO: ABC970 ITEM: EDDY CURRENT STANDARD PO NO: 004123
MATERIAL: ALLOY 600 HEAT NO.: NX5562HK9 SIZE: .500" OD x .048" WALL x 48" LONG
APPLICABLE SPECIFICATION: CUSTOMER INSTRUCTION
MEASURING TECHNIQUE USED: NIST TRACEABLE EQUIPMENT USED /TEST NO:

XX REPLICATION XX VIDEO MEASUREMENT SYS 821/262115-99
XX DIRECT MEASUREMENT DIAL INDICATOR 821/263248-00
OTHER MICROMETER 821/263248-00
XX GAGE BLOCKS 821/263248-00
Manufactured in accordance with Quality Assurance Program Revision 1 dated 6/15/05 that
complies with MIL-Q-9858A, 10CFR50 App B, ANSI N45.2, ASME Sec III Div 1 and MIL-I-45208A.
SERIAL No. 1 2 3 4 5
.048
.500
0 8” 16” 24” 32” 40” 48”
DIMENSIONS IN INCHES
DEFECT TYPE DEPTH WIDTH LENGTH LOCATION ORIENTATION

1 EDM NOTCH 0.0049 0.0390 0.0990 ID TRANSVERSE
2 EDM NOTCH 0.0028 0.0050 0.0991 OD TRANSVERSE
4 EDM NOTCH 0.0048 0.0393 0.0990 OD LONGITUDINAL
5 EDM NOTCH 0.0029 0.0051 0.0990 ID LONGITUDINAL
DEFECT TYPE DEPTH DIAMETER
3 EDM THRU-HOLE THRU 0.0242
IT IS CERTIFIED THAT THIS REFERENCE STANDARD HAS BEEN MANUFACTURED IN ACCORDANCE WITH
APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS AND INSPECTED WITH INSTRUMENTS CALIBRATED IAW MIL-STD-45662
(LATEST REV.), ISO 10012-1 AND ANSI/NCSL Z540-1 USING MASTER GAGE BLOCKS AND MICRORULE MASTER
SCALES DIRECTLY TRACEABLE TO THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST).
SAMPLE ONLY
AUTHORIZED SIGNATURE _____________________________________________________________
PHILIP R. HERMAN JR., QA MANAGER
This Certification Report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of PH TOOL.
27
Reference Standards
and
Calibration Blocks
for the
NDT Industry
The STANDARD of Excellence
00 90 212 219 03 73
info@epsilon-ndt.com
www.epsilon-ndt.com

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NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING

The STANDARD of Excellence

Basic Notch Shapes

Holes, Flat-bottom and Other

Ultrasonic Test Blocks

Ultrasonic Calibration Blocks and Standards

Test Block Recertfication

Ultrasonic Reference Standards

Ultrasonic Reference Standards (Tube)

Ultrasonic Reference Standards (Other)

Standards for In-Line Phased Array Calibration Systems

Deep Flat-Bottom Hole Drilling

Eddy Current Calibration Standards (Tube)

Eddy Current Calibration Standards (Other)

Magnetic Particle Standards

Precision Dimensional Gages

Sample Certification Report

Quick Fax - Rapid Response Form

Get it right the FIRST time ... with our help!

6021 Easton Road, Pipersville, PA 18947

What can be notched?

6021 Easton Road, Pipersville, PA 18947

That’s really small! What about length?

What is the process?

1. The ability to machine extremely narrow notches.

BASIC NOTCH SHAPES

dia Concave Radius-bottom hole

Type MAB Miniature Angle-Beam

IOW Beam Profile Block

AWS Resolution Block (RC Block)

NAVSHIPS Test Block

30 FBH Resolution Block

ASME N-625 Reference Plate

Miniature IIW-Type 2 Block

V1/5 (A2) Calibration Block

V2 (A4) Calibration Block

Thin Step Block

Magna-Thin Step Block

Tipsy Step Block

PHASED ARRAY TEST BLOCKS

Mini PACS™ Block

PACS™ Notch Block

ASTM E2491 PA Assessment Block

Phased Array Type A Block (IIW-Type)

Phased Array Calibration Block No. 2

Phased Array NAVSHIPS Block

ASTM Distance/Area Amplitude Set of 10

ASTM Distance Amplitude Set of 19

ASTM Single Blocks

Westinghouse Reference Standards

ASTM E317 Horizontal and Vertical

ASTM E317 Resolution Block, Fig. 6

ASTM E1158 Distance Amplitude Blocks

ASTM E1158 Area Amplitude Blocks

ASME Sec. V Basic Calibration Blocks

ASME Sec. V Angle Beam Cal Blocks

ASME Sec. XI Basic Piping Cal Block

RECERTIFICATION OF TEST BLOCKS

If the specific alloy or grade of an existing specimen is in ques-