CROP PROTECTION

DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the best answer from the choices given.
1. The author of the milestone of Philippine Entomology is
a. Antonio S. Sedeno c. Emiliana N. Bernardo
b. Julio C. Martinez d. Bernardo P. Gabriel
2. This starling was successfully introduced in 1849 from Southern China to control the locust
a. Martinez c. neither a nor b
b. Aetheopsar cristalellus d. both a and b
3. He was the first Filipino to obtain a doctoral degree in entomology in 1922
a. L.B. Uichanco c. L.B. Sanchez
b. G.O. Ocfemia d. S.M. Cendana
4. The first monographic treatment of Philippine mosquitoes by Delfinado in 1966 included all genera except
a. Anopheles c. Culex
b. Aedes d. Malaria
5. He was the first Filipino Acarologist who spearheaded the research on mites in the Philippines in 1961
a. F.F. Sanchez c. C.R. Baltazar
b. L.C. Rimando d. V.P. Gapud
6. This is the study of insects
a. entomology c. entomophobia
b. entomologists d. pathology
7. The earliest insect found during the Middle Devonian period, Rhyniella praecursor, belong to the insect order
a. Thysanura c. Collembola
b. Protura d. Diplura
8. The nearest relative of the class Insecta is
a. Class Crustacea c. Class Chilopoda
b. Class Diplura d. Class Diplopoda
9. When the mouthparts are directed anteriad, this is known as
a. prognathous c. opisthognathous
b. hydrognathous d. agnathous
10. The lateral sides of the middle segment of the insect thorax is known as
a. mesosternum c. mesonotum
b. pleuron d. mesopleuron
11. The ventral portion of the thorax and abdomen is known as
a. sternum c. sternopleuron
b. sternites d. pleurites
12. This group of insecticides inhibits the cholinesterase enzyme of insect pests
a. IGRs c. chlorinated hydrocarbons
b. carbamates d. microbial insecticides
13. The use of oil is a ________ type of method against insect pests
a. physical c. cultural
b. chemical d. mechanical
14. The part of the mouthparts without a palpus
a. Labium c. mandibles
b. maxilla d. all of the above
15. The anteriomost vein of an insect forewing is
a. jugum c. anal
b. costa d. radial

16. the Pterygote insects include the following except

 a. Odonata c. Ephemeroptera
b. Thysanura d. Orthoptera
17. Nephotettix virescens belong to the Suborder
a. Hemiptera c. Homoptera
b. Heteroptera d. Phthiraptera
18. The insect order characterized by having scales on its membranous wings
a. Trichoptera c. Orthoptera
b. Hymenoptera d. Lepidoptera
19. The third segment of the insect’s midleg is known as
a. midfemur c. midtarsus
b. midtrochanter d. midtinia
20. The third segment of the dorsal part of abdomen is
a. T3 c. t3
b. te III d. t III
21. The injury caused by a “putakti” comes from this body region of the insect
a. head c. thorax
b. cephalothorax d. abdomen
22. The third layer of insect’s skin is
a. outer epicuticle c. cement
b. wax d. inner procuticle
23. The thrips belong to this order
a. Thysanoptera c. Trichoptera
b. Termitidea d. Thripidae
24. Human louse’s life cycle is
a. paurometabola c. ametabola
b. hemimetabola d. holometabola
25. Naiad is a part of this metamorphosis
a. ametabola c. paurometabola
b. hemimetabola d. holometabola
26. Nymph is a part of this metamorphosis
a. ametabola c. paurometabola
b. hemimetabola d. holometabola
27. Pterothorax pertains to the winged segments of the insect’s thorax
a. no c. probably
b. yes d. not sure
28. This functions as air storage of the insect’s respiratory system
a. atrium c. air sac
b. valves d. taenidium
29. This function to control the influx of air within the insect’s respiratory system
a. taenidium c. air sac
b. valves d. atrium
30. This functions to guide the air flow within the insect’s respiratory system
a. valves c. taenidium

b. atrium d. air sac

31. This is referred to as thickened tracheoles

 a. atrium c. taenidium
b. valves d. air sac
32. This part of the digestive system functions as center of absorption in absorbing nutrients in the hemocoele
a. crop c. anus
b. mouth d. malpigian tubules
33. Cockroaches belong to this insect order
a. Phasmatodea c. Ortho
b. Mantodea d. Blamedea
34. Houseflies and mosquitoes are (Diptera)
a. Phasmatodea c. Neuroptera
b. Mantodea d. Coleoptera
35. This wing type belongs to Orthopterans
a. membranous c. hemelytron
b. elytron d. tegmen
36. Spodoptera litura is a pest of
a. onion c. both a and b
b. corn d. neither a nor b
37. Bactrocera dorsalls is a pest because of
a. eggplant c. mango
b. watermelon d. tomato
38. Insects became pests because of
a. man c. mouthparts
b. its voraciousness d. sting
39. A cultural practice against pest utilized to enhance the activities and survival of natural enemies
a. trap crops c. habitat diversification
b. biological control d. cultivation
40. The use of adhesive substance is a _____ method used against pests
a. cultural control c. physical control
b. chemical control d. mechanical control
41. Early harvest is a _________ type of control against pests
a. cultural control c. physical control
b. chemical control d. mechanical control
42. Cold storage could also be used against pests and is considered a ____________ method of control
a. cultural control c. physical control
b. Chemical control d. mechanical control
43. Water management can be categorized under all methods of control except
a. cultural c. physical control
b. chemical control d. mechanical control
44. This group of insecticides, is a way, could be considered a biological control method
a. organophosphates c. IGRs
b. botanicals d. microbial insecticides
45. The most toxic insecticides has its band color on its label
a. blue c. green
b. red d. yellow

46. IPM employs a variety of tactics, and the least type of method that could be used is
 a. cultural method c. HPR
b. chemical method d. autocidal
47. The type of metamorphosis for exopterygotes is
a. holometabola c. ametabola
b. paurometabola d. hemimetabola
48. The type of metamorphosis for endopterygots is
a. holometabola c. ametabola
b. paurometabola d. hemimetabola
49. A category of pest cause no significant damage under the conditions currently prevailing, however, this can be
a key or occasional pest if conditions in the field are disrupted
a. key c. potential
b. occasional d. migrant
50. Term used for non-resident pests
a. key c. potential
b. occasional d. migrant
51. Pests that are focal point of pest management systems
a. key c. potential
b. occasional d. migrant
52. Part-time pests
a. key c. potential
b. occasional d. migrant
53. Prediction technology is useful to prevent this pest’s outbreak
a. key c. potential
b. occasional d. migrant
54. Majority of the seeds entering the seedbank in agricultural land came from
a. annual weeds c. biennial
b. perennial d. both of a and b
55. This method involves manipulation of the cultural management practices to suppress the weeds
a. mechanical c. chemical
b. cultural d. none
56. Buthachlor or Machete Ec belongs to this group of herbicide
a. triazines c. ureas
b. amides d. uraclis
57. An adjuvant or surfactants that improve absorption of herbicide by raising the humidity or spray film and leaf
surface
a. emulsifiers c. dispersing agent
b. humectants d. fertilizer additives
58. Among the invertebrates, only insects have this characteristic
a. segmentation c. antennae
b. wings d. 3 pair of jointed legs
59. From which characrter was the name “Arthropoda” derived?
a. segmentation c. antennae
b. wings d. jointed legs

60. In caterpillars, where are the prolegs/ psuedolegs located?

 a. head c. abdomen
b. thorax d. thorax and abdomen
61. Where would you least likely find insects?
a. North Pole c. Laguna Lake
b. Mt. Makiling d. Sulu Sea
62. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of arthopods?
a. Radial symmetry c. jointed legs
b. Exoskeleton d. Segmented body
63. Which of the following pests is Not an Anthropods?
a. Santol gall mite c. Melon fruit fly
b. Golden apple snail d. Corn earthworm
64. Which is NOT true of ALL insects?
a. they have antennae c. they have three body regions
b. they have wings d. they have three pairs of legs
65. This sensory organ id NOT found among insects
a. Mouthpart c. Chelicera
b. Antennae d. Eye
66. The first segment of the insect antennae
a. Scape c. Flagellum
b. Pedicel d. Clavola
67. In the piercing-sucking type of mouthparts, this component cannot be inserted into the host plant, hence it
bends when the insects is feeding
a. bipectinate c. filiform
b. clavate d. lamellate
68. This type of antennae is found among scarabeid beetles
a. bipectinate c. filiform
b. clavate d. lamellate
69. The setaceous type of antennae is found among
a. Butterflies c. Dragonflies
b. Grasshoppers d. Houseflies
70. The elbow-like type of antennae found among ants
a. Geniculate c. Lamellate
b. Clavate d. Plumose
71. Preying mantis use this type of forelegs to catch their prey
a. Grasping c. Wlaking
b. Clinging d. Digging
72. Headlice use this type of legs to anchor themselves on the host
a. Grasping c. Wlaking
b. Clinging d. Digging
73. In what type of insect development has the larval and pupal stage/
a. ametabolous c. paurometabolous
b. hemimetabolous d. holometabolous
74. A modern approach to minimize damage by pests with ultimate goal of population management rather than
eradication
a. Integrated pesticide management c. Pest control strategies
b. Integrated pest management d. Biological control

75. A control method whereby synthetic toxic substances or bioactive plant products are used to combat pest
population
 a. Use of resistant varieties c. Chemical control
b. Cultural control d. IGR
76. An unwanted organism which competes with man for food and shelter or threatens their health comfort or
welfare
a. Pest c. Weed
b. Insect d. Pathogens
77. The relative amount of heritable qualities in plants that influence the ultimate degree of damages by the pest
a. Host plant resistance c. Tolerance
b. Insecticide resistance d. Host evasion
78. The man-directed control of insect pests by employing the use of natural enemies
a. Mechanical control c. Biological control
b. Cultural control d. Microbial control
79. The term given for crop destruction, injury or loss of value caused by the feeding activity of different pests.
a. Characteristic damage c. Infection
b. Pest infestation d. All of the above
80. The pest density at which artificial control measures should be applied to prevent pest population increases or
pest outbreak
a. Economic injury level c. Economic threshold level
b. Equilibrium level d. Average population
81. A toxic substance which is readily available and kills pest instantly
a. Insecticides c. Rodenticide
b. Pesticides d. Weedicide
82. The collective term for parasitic and predatory insets
a. Phytophagous insects c. Polyphagous insects
b. Entomophagous insects d. none of the above
83. The symptom of stemborer damage during the reproductive stage of the rice plant characterized by the pale
appearance of the unfilled grains
a. Deadheart c. Wilting
b. Whitehead d.. False smut
84. The most destructive avian pest that attacks rice and other small grains
a. Philippine weaver c. Philippine oriole
b. Philippine eagle d. None of these
85. A vertebrate pest which is a perennial problem in crop production that usually demands a unified, coordinated
and sustained community action to gain an effective control.
a. Birds c. Rodents
b. Snakes d. Snails
86. Grassy weeds (Poaceae) locks similar to sedges except that their stem called culm is:
a. Triangular c. Polyhedral
b. Cylindrical d. Hexagonal
87. The hairy membranous outgrowth in between leafsheat and leaf blade in grasses is called
a. Leaf blade c. Ligule
b. Petiole d. Auricle
88. Diseased plant is a
a. Host c. both a and b
b. Suscept d. Pathogen

89. The corn disease incited by Bipolaris maydis may be controlled by

a. insecticides c. fungicides
 b. antibiotics d. miticides
90. Fungi in the Philippines reproduce mainly by forming
a. Sexual spores c. Mycelia
b. Asexual spores d. Endospores
91. Fungal pathogens are often isolated by
a. Serial diution c. Spore trapping
b. Tissue planting d. Baermann funnel
92. Some fungal pathogens form this structure to obtain nutrients from the host
a. germ tube c. infection hypha
b. sporeling d. haustorium
93. Characteristics of fungi
a. Eukaryotic c. Chlorophyllous
b. Prokaryotic d. None of the above
94. The presence of different nuclei in the same mycelium is
a. Heterotrophism c. Heterokaryosis
b. Hermaphrodite d. Heterothallism
95. Macroconidia and microconidia are formed by
a. Colletotrichum spp. c. Fusarium spp.
b. Alternata spp. d. Cercospora spp.
96. A character of hyphae that is found only in the basidiomycetous fungi
a. Pseudosepta c. Septal pore
b. Cross walls d. Clamp connections
97. A group of substances secreted by pathogens that interfere with the permeability of photoplast membrane
a. Enzymes c. Toxins
b. Growth regulators d. Suppressors
98. Type or method of sexual reproduction in fungi which involves the union of two naked motile gametes
a. Gametangial copulation c. Planogametic copulation
b. Spermatization d. Gametangial contact
99. An ascocarp in fungi with a pore at the top and the wall of its own
a. Apothecium c. Cleistothecium
b. Pycnidium d. Perithecium
100. The naming of newly discovered fungal species is based commonly on
a. Location c. District structural character
b. Host d. Well-known mycologist
101. Which is not a district characteristic of Class Loculoascomycetes of fungi
a. Ascocarp in ascostroma c. Monolocular ascostroma
b. Asci in locules d. A single-walled ascus
102. Non-parasitic fungi which are present on plant parts with deposit of insects, particularly aphids and scale
insects.
a. Downy mildew fungi c. Sooty mold fungi
b. Powdery mildrew fungi d. Slime molds
103. Spores produced from fragmentation of hyphal cells
a. Chlamydospores c. Arthrospores
b. Catenate Culture d. Basidiospores

104. Burning the rice straw borer is a good example of:

a. Sanitation c. Ratooning
 b. Clean Culture d. Physical control
105. One of the functions of this agency is to quarantine
a. UPLB c. FPA
b. BPI d. IRRI
106. Some nematodes are able to transmit plant viruses. What role do these nematodes play in disease
development?
a. Incitants c. Pathogens
b. Vectors d. Parasites
107. For annual crops, the maximum number of nematodes parasites can be recovered during
a. fallow period c. flowering stage
b. vegetable stage d. near harvest stage
108. This is the outer non-cellular layer covering the nematode body and is shed-off during molting
a. Exoskeleton c. Endoskeleton
b. Skin d. Cuticle
109. Which of the following root symptoms should raise suspicion of a nematode problem?
a. Galls or swelling c. Both A and B are correct
b. Lesions or dark spots d. No Correct answer
110. Possessing both functional male and female reproductive organ.
a. Amphimictic c. Hermaphroditic
b. Parthenogenetic d. Oviviparous
111. The term for eggs hatching within the uterus followed by expulsion of living young is called
a. Amphimictic c. Oviparous
b. Parthenogenetic d. Oviviparous
112. If juveniles and adult are motile during all life cycle stages but may be either within or outside of roots a plant
parasitic nematode is a/an
a. Migratory ectoparasite c. Direct parasite
b. Migratory endoparasites d. Indirect parasite
113. The regulatory method of insect control is closely related to:
a. Cultural control c. Biological control
b. Quarantine control d. Physical control
114. Education, quarantine, using certified planting materials, checking suspect materials before planting and
cleaning equipment, are examples of what type of management
a. Prevention c. Eradication
b. Protection d. All of the above
115. The most widely used category of chemicals for management of plant parasitic nematodes that is thought to
be damaging is called
a. Biological control c. Fallowing
b. Biofumigation d. Organic fertilization
116. A broad spectrum gaseous chemical used for management of plant parasitic nematodes that is thought to be
damaging to the
a. Metam-sodium c. Methyl bromide
b. Carbanate d. All of the above
117. The practice of incorporating fresh plants or plant materials onto the soil as a mean to control plant parasitic
nematodes is called
a. Biological control c. Fallowing
b. Biofumigation d. organic fertilization

118. Published the first book on pytobacteriology “bacteria in relation to plant diseases”
a. Thomas Jonathan Burril c. Erwin Frank Smith
 b. Charlotte Elliot d. Martinus Willem
119. Main means of reproduction of bacteria
a. Budding c. Binary fission
b. Spore d. Transverse fission
120. Where protein synthesis occurs
a. Lysosomes c. Mesosomes
b. Ribosomes d. Chromosomes
121. Five-carbon sugar compound of DNA
a. Ribose c. Maltose
b. Deoxyribose d. Dextose
122. The building blocks of proteins
a. fatty acids c. Nucleic acid
b. Peptides d. Amino acid
123. Metabolic pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate
a. Glycolysis c. Hydrolysis
b. Gluconeugenesis d. Photosynthesis
124. Organism that use organic compounds as source of hydrogen atoms or electrons
a. Autotrops c. Heterotrophs
b. Lithotrophs d. Organotrophs
125. A group of pathogens that infect a set of plant varieties
a. Species c. Pathovar
b. Race d. Blovar
126. A virus that infects bacteria
a. Prophage c. Bacteriophage
b. Baculovirus d. Macrophage
127. A microbial product other than an enzyme which causes abvious damage to plant tissues, and which is known
with reasonable confidence to be involved in disease development
a. Phytoalexin c. Cutin
b. Phytotoxin d. Suberin
128. Toxin produced by Erwinia syringae pv syringae
a. Syringomycin c. Amylovorin
b. Phaseolotoxin d. Tabtoxin
129. Hormone involved in fruit ripening
a. Cytokinin c. Ethylene
b. Giberillin d. Indole acetic acid
130. Yellowing caused by some factor other than light, such as by a virus or mycoplasma
a. Gummosis c. Chlorosis
b. Chlorophyllosis d. Mottling
131. A general necrosis caused by the rapid growth and advance of the causal bacteria through leaves and stems
a. Wilt c. Blight
b. Blast d. Rot
132. Refers to the control of pest by living organisms under either natural or artificial environment
a. Cultural Control c. Behavior Control
b. Biological Control d. Autocidal Control
133. Interaction between two organisms where both are adversely affected is called
a. Competition c. Amensalism
b. Parasitism d. Commensalism

134. Which of these are density-independent mortality factors

a. Parasites c. Food Supply
 b. Predators d. Drought
135. Legal actions intended to exclude potential pests and to prevent spread of those already present
a. Eradication c. Suppression
b. Containment d. Quarantine
136. The discovery of DDT on this year is considered as one of the major event in the history of crop protection
a. 1959 c. 1935
b. 1937 d. 1939
137. Comprise the total complex of organism is a cropped area together with all aspects of the environment as
modified by the activities of man.
a. Ecosystem c. Agroecosystem
b. Pathosystem d. Crop system
138. Which of the following is a barrier to virus movement through the plant
a. Movement form the first infected cell
b. Movement out of parenchyma cells into vascular tissues
c. Movement out of the vascular tissue into the parenchyma of an invaded leaf.
d. Movement out of the stylet of the vector among epidermal cells of the plants
139. A seed with a virus is an important source of infection since the seed introduces
a. The virus into the crop at a very early stage
b. A concentrated foci of infection throughout the crop
c. The virus into the crop at all stages of the crop
d. The virus into the crop during its reproduction stage
140. The main components of plant viruses are…
a. DNA + glycoprotein + lipids c. Glyconucleoprotein + lipids
b. Transfer RNA + protein + lipids d. Either DNA or RNA + protein
141. Plant pathology is the study of:
a. pests c. plant diseases
b. weeds d. insects
142. Which of the following is NOT part of the art of plant pathology
a. Disease diagnosis
b. Characteristics of diseases
c. Disease assessment
d. Field application of control measures
143. He is considered the father of plant pathology:
a. Heinrich de Bary c. Theophrastus
b. Whetzel d. Pliny the Elder
144. The well known toxin produced by Aspegillus flavus:
a. fungus toxin c. ochratoxin
b. aflatoxin d. yellow corn toxin
145. Blight pathogens affect this capacity of the plant
a. reproductive c. Photosynthetic
b. growth d. respiratory
146. The Autogenetic Theory of Disease states that:
a. Diseases are infectious.
b. Diseases are caused by “germs” or microorganism.
c. Pathogens are outgrowths of the disease and not the cause
d. Disease are caused by unfavorable weather and sick soil.

147. The insecticide is said to be extremely toxic if the color of the container label is:
a. Blue c. Green
 b. Red d. Yellow
148. The name of the disease caused by fungus Clavicecps purpurea?
a. Ergot c. Bacterial Wilt
b. Late blight d. Club root
149. Rye may induce affliction called:
a. Leprosy c. Divine Punishment
b. St. Anthony’s Fire d. Tetanus
150. He wrote the first textbook in Plant Pathology:
a. Julius Kuhn c. Franz Unger
b. Heinrich Anton de Bay d. Pier Antonio mcheli
151. Submicroscopic entities which could pass through bacterial-proof filters are called:
a. Viroids c. mycoplasma
b. bacteria d. viruses
152. These pathogens are known to cause the cadang-cadang of coconut
a. bacteria c. spiroplasma
b. viroids d. mycoplasma
153. Pierre Marie Alexis Millardet formulated this substance, which became the foundation of chemical disease
control of plant diseases.
a. fungicide c. pesticides
b. Bordeaux mixture d. benlate
154. The type of insecticide highly compatible for IPM.
a. None selective insecticide c. Selective insecticides
b. Fumigants d. persistent insecticides
155. Which of the following is NOT a definition of plant disease:
a. a physiological malfunctioning caused by animate objects
b. any deviation from normal growth or structure of plants that is sufficiently
c. a malfunctioning process caused by continuous irritation
d. any agent which causes a disease
156. This refers to an organisms which has the ability to be a parasite although it is ordinarily a saprophyte
a. pathogen c. facultative parasite
b. obligate parasite d. saprophyte
157. The insects, termites, can be best controlled by the use of:
a. Selective insecticide c. Persistent insecticide
b. Broad spectrum insecticide d. Fumigant
158. The expression of a diseased plant with certain characteristics:
a. Symptoms c. conditions
b. signs d. indications
159. This refers to the pathogen associated with the infected plant
a. pathogen c. facultative parasitic
b. obligate parasite d. saprophyte
160. The type of resistance the plant has if the insect is immediately killed after feeding.
a. None preference c. Tolerance
b. Antibiosis d. mechanical basis of resistance
161. When a peanut plant has a root and stem rot disease, which leads to wilting, the wilting symptoms are
classified as: a. Primary symptoms c. Localized symptoms
b. Secondary symptoms d. Systematic symptoms

162. The overdevelopment of plant cells, tissue or plant parts is termed as __________
a. hyperplastic symptoms c. necrotic symptoms
 b. local symptoms d. systematic symptoms
163. This symptoms is also called a lesion.
a. spot c. blight
b. blast d. hypertrophy
164. This refers to an extensive, usually sudden death of host tissue
a. Hypertrophy c. Blast
b. Blight d. Spot
165. The rotting of seedlings prior to emergence is called:
a. damping off c. blight
b. blast d. resetting
166. The four rules of proof that are used in identifying certain plant diseases
a. the Central Dogman c. Koch’s Rules
b. Koch’s Postulate d. the disease Proofs
167. Conditions caused by inanimate agents are also called:
a. symptoms c. diseases
b. physiological disorders d. maladies
168. What are viroids?
a. Ultramicroscopic, obligately parasitic entities that are made up of a nucleic acid core and a protein coat.
b. Tiny entities composed of stable and free ribonucleic acids that can infect plant cells.
c. unicellular microorganisms that reproduce asexually by binary fission.
d. non-motile, nonspore-forming, polymorphic microorganisms that lack cell walls and are bound by a
triple-layered unit membrane.
169. These pathogens are commonly disseminated by insects
a. Ultramicroscopic, obligately parasitic entities that are made up of a nucleic acid core and a protein
coat.
b. Tiny entities composed of stable and free ribonucleic acids that can infect plant cells.
c. unicellular microorganisms that reproduce asexually by binary fission.
d. non-motile, non-spore-forming, polymorphic microorganisms that lack cell walls and are bound by a
triple-layered unit membrane.
170. It is the only genus of plant pathogenic bacteria that produces spores.
a. Xanthomonas c. Agrobacterium
b. Pseudomonas d. Streptomyces
171. The primary reproductive structures of fungi are
a. Filaments c. Mycelium
b. Spores d. Fungus
172. The casual organism of the root knot of most vegetables:
a. Plasmodiophora brassicae c. Meloidogyne incognita
b. Radopholus similes d. Phytophythora infestans
173. What statements is true about biotypes?
a. Pathogens of the same biotype are morphologically identical
b. The biotype is genetically homogenous
c. Biotypes differ in the cultivar or host variety infected
d. If an organism from one biotype mates with one from another biotype, no new biotype is
formed

174. What is heterokaryosis?

a. Parasexuality
 b. Presence of different nuclei in the same mycelium
c. Variation
d. Susceptibility
175. The Formae specialis is a sub-specific classification of fungi, which is based on
a. ability to attack different genera of crop plants
b. ability to attack different variety or cultivars
c. morphological characteristics of the fungus
d. cultural characteristics of the fungus
176. This refers to the sequence of events that leads to and is involved in disease production:
a. Incubation c. Disease
b. Disease cycle d. Life cycle
177. This occurs when the pathogen has become established in the plant tissues and obtains nutrients from the
host.
a. Infection c. Disease
b. Disease Cycle d. Life Cycle
178. Which of the following is now a survival structure?
a. Phanerogram seeds c. Chlamydospores
b. sclerotial bodies d. Spores
179. The term used for the leaf and above-ground plant surfaces:
a. phylloplane c. rhizosphere
b. above-gound parts d. phyllosphere
180. What is the term for the plant disease epidemics that occur throughout the world?
a. Pandemic c. Endemic
b. Sporadic d. Natural
181. This is considered as world worst weed
a. Galinsoga parviflora c. Eleusine indica
b. Cyperus rotundus d. Amoranthus spinosus
182. A weed considered as a true-parasite
a. Portulaca oleraceae c. Plantago major
b. Cuscuta sp. d. Digitaria setigera
183. A broad-leaf weed
a. Impereta cylindrical c. Commelina benghalensis
b. Cyperus rotundus d. Leersia hexandra
184. An example of a grass
a. Digitaria setigera c. Cyperus kylingia
b. Peperomia pellucida d. Portulaca oleraceaue
185. The father of world entomology
a. Linnaeus c. Aristotle
b. Socrates d. Calora
186. The most problematic insect in crucifer plants.
a. Flea bettles c. Aphids
b. Diamondback moth d. Cutworm
187. Which do not conform with the principle of entomology.
a. All insects have 3 pairs of legs c. Not all insects have antennae
b. All insects are winged d. All insects have 3 body regions

188. The term for the larval stage of the insects in the order Lepidoptera
 a. Grubs c. Pupa
b. Caterpillar d. Immature stage
189. Leathery, horny and membranous part of the insect body.
a. Mouth c. Wings
b. Abdomen d. Legs
190. The part of the insect body which is constricted with forcep like cerci.
a. Wings c. Abdomen
b. Mouth d. Legs
191. The forewing is leathery while the hind legs are modified for jumping.
a. Odonata c. Ephemeroptera
b. Orthoptera d. Phasmatodea
192. The forewings are highly sclerotized
a. Phthirhaptera c. Strepsiptera
b. Coleoptera d. Neuroptera
193. The gestation period of rodents
a. 25 days c. 21 days
b. 30 days d. 31 days
194. A quick acting poison which cause death to rats shortly after ingestion.
a. Acute poison c. Anticoagulant
b. Chronic d. None of the above
195. The order category in insect classification where most of the representative insects are natural enemies.
a. Coleoptera c. Hemiptera
b. Diptera d. Hymenoptera
196. The pathogen that gained worldwide recognition especially during the 1960s because of its extreme
effectiveness in controlling lepidopterous pests especially diamondback moth.
a. Fungi c. Bacteria
b. Virus d. Nematodes
197. This type of pheromone ants have:
a. Alarm pheromone c. Dispersal phenomones
b. aggregation pheromones d. Trail phermones
198. The type of resistance the plant has if the insect is immediately killed after feeding.
a. None preference c. Tolerance
b. Antibodies d. Mechanical basis of resistance
199. An example of systematic insecticide
a. Dipel c. Furadan 3G
b. Pennant d. Vegetox 50 SP
200. The insect termites can be best controlled by the use of:
a. Selective insecticide c. Persistent insecticide
b. Broad spectrum insecticide d. Fumigant