Dynamics June 03

Compiled by: Sir Sumair 8. Two blocks X and Y, of masses m and 3m respectively, are
May 02 accelerated along a smooth horizontal surface by a force F applied
to block X as shown.
1. Two similar spheres, each of mass m and travelling with
speed v, are moving towards each other.

The spheres have a head-on elastic collision.

Which statement is correct?
A The spheres stick together on impact. What is the magnitude of the force exerted by block X on block Y
B The total kinetic energy after impact is mv
2 during this acceleration?
C The total kinetic energy before impact is zero.
D The total momentum before impact is 2mv.
9. A car with front-wheel drive accelerates in the direction shown.
2. A wooden block of mass 0.60 kg is on a rough horizontal
surface. A force of 12 N is applied to the block and it accelerates
-2
at 4.0ms

Which diagram best shows the direction of the total force exerted by
the road on the front wheels?

What is the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the block?

A 2.4 N B 9.6 N C 14N D 16 N

3. A body, initially at rest, explodes into two masses M1 and M2

that move apart with speeds v1and v2 respectively.
What is the ratio v1/v2?

–1
10. A ball of mass 2 kg travelling at 8ms strikes a ball of mass 4 kg
–1
travelling at 2ms . Both balls are moving along the same straight
line as shown.
4. A submarine descends vertically at constant velocity. The
three forces acting on the submarine are viscous drag, upthrust
and weight.
Which relationship between their magnitudes is correct?
A weight < drag
B weight = drag
C weight < upthrust After collision, both balls move at the same velocity v.
D weight > upthrust What is the magnitude of the velocity v?
–1 –1 –1 –1
A 4ms B 5ms C 6ms D 8ms
Nov 02
5. What is meant by the weight of an object? 11. A balloon is acted upon by three forces, weight, upthrust and
A the gravitational field acting on the object sideways force due to the wind, as shown in the diagram.
B the gravitational force acting on the object
C the mass of the object multiplied by gravity
D the object’s mass multiplied by its acceleration

6. Two spheres A and B approach each other along the same

straight line with speeds uA and uB.
The spheres collide and move off with speeds vA and vB, both in
the same direction as the initial direction of sphere A, as shown
below.
Which equation applies to an elastic collision?
A uA + uB = v B – v A
B uA – uB = v B – v A
C uA – uB = v B + v A
D uA + uB = v B + v A
What is the vertical component of the resultant force on the balloon?
7 Two equal masses travel towards each other on a frictionless A 500 N B 1000 N C 10 000 N D 10 500N
–1 –1
air track at speeds of 60 cm s and 30 cm s . They stick
together on impact.
What is the speed of the masses after impact?
–1 –1 –1 –1
A 15 cm s B 20 cm s C 30 cm s D 45 cm s
12. A ball falls from rest through air and eventually reaches a 18. The diagram shows a situation just before a head-on collision. A
–1
constant velocity. lorry of mass 20 000 kg is travelling at 20.0 m s towards a car of
–1
For this fall, forces X and Y vary with time as shown. mass 900 kg travelling at 30.0 m s towards the lorry.

What are forces X and Y ? What is the magnitude of the total momentum?
A 373 kN s B 427 kN s C 3600 kN s D 4410 kN s

Nov 04.
19. A constant mass undergoes uniform acceleration.
Which of the following is a correct statement about the resultant
force acting on the mass?
A It increases uniformly with respect to time.
B It is constant but not zero.
C It is proportional to the displacement from a fixed point.
Nov 03
D It is proportional to the velocity.
13. A mass accelerates uniformly when the resultant force acting
on it
20. A particle of mass m strikes a vertical rigid wall perpendicularly
A is zero.
from the left with velocity v.
B is constant but not zero.
C increases uniformly with respect to time.
D is proportional to the displacement from a fixed point.

14. A molecule of mass m travelling horizontally with velocity u

hits a vertical wall at right angles to the wall. It then rebounds
horizontally with the same speed.
What is its change in momentum?
A zero B mu C –mu D –2mu If the collision is perfectly elastic, the total change in momentum of
the particle that occurs as a result of the collision is
15. Two balls X and Y approach each other along the same A 2mv to the right. B 2mv to the left.
straight line and collide elastically. C mv to the right. D mv to the left.
Their speeds are uX and uY respectively. After the collision they
move apart with speeds vX and vY respectively. Their directions June 05
are shown on the diagram. 21. Which is not one of Newton's laws of motion?
A The total momentum of a system of interacting bodies remains
constant, providing no external force acts.
B The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional
to the external force acting on the body and takes place in the
direction of the force.
Which of the following equations is correct? C If body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts an equal
and oppositely-directed force on body A.
D A body continues in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a
straight line unless acted upon
by some external force.

22. Two equal masses travel towards each other on a frictionless air
–1 –1
track at speeds of 60 cm s and 40 cm s . They stick together on
16. A force F is applied to a freely moving object. At one instant impact.
of time, the object has velocity v and acceleration a.
Which quantities must be in the same direction?
A a and v only B a and F only
C v and F only D v, F and a

17. A ball falls vertically and bounces on the ground. What is the speed of the masses after impact?
The following statements are about the forces acting while the –1 –1 –1
A 10 cm s B 20 cm s C 40 cm s D 50 cm s
–1

ball is in contact with the ground.

Which statement is correct? Nov 05
A The force that the ball exerts on the ground is always equal to 23. A car driver sharply presses down the accelerator when the
the weight of the ball. traffic lights go green. The resultant horizontal force acting on the
B The force that the ball exerts on the ground is always equal in car varies with time as shown.
magnitude and opposite in direction to the force the ground
exerts on the ball.
C The force that the ball exerts on the ground is always less
than the weight of the ball.
D The weight of the ball is always equal in magnitude and
opposite in direction to the force that the ground exerts on the Which graph shows the variation with time of the speed of the car?
ball.
 30. The diagram shows a cannon ball fired from cannon.
24. Which is a statement of the principle of conservation of
momentum?
A A force is equal to the rate of change of momentum of the
body upon which it acts.
B In a perfectly elastic collision, the relative momentum of the
bodies before impact is equal to
their relative momentum after impact. The mass of the cannon is 1000 kg and the mass of the cannon ball
–1
C The momentum of a body is the product of the mass of the is 10 kg. The recoil velocity of the cannon is 5 m s horizontally.
body and its velocity. What is the horizontal velocity of the cannon ball?
–1 –1 –1 –1
D The total momentum of a system of interacting bodies remains A 200 m s B 500 m s C 2000 m s D 5000 m s
constant, providing no external force acts. June 07
31. What is meant by the weight of an object?
25. The gravitational field strength on the surface of planet P is A the gravitational field acting on the object
one tenth of that on the surface of planet Q. B the gravitational force acting on the object
On the surface of P, a body has its mass measured to be 1.0 kg C the mass of the object multiplied by gravity
and its weight measured to be 1.0 N. D the object’s mass multiplied by its acceleration
What results are obtained for measurements of the mass and
weight of the same body on the surface of planet Q? 32. The graph shows the variation with time of the momentum of a
ball as it is kicked in a straight line.

June 06
26. A cyclist is riding at a steady speed on a level road. Initially, the momentum is p1 at time t1. At time t2 the momentum is
According to Newton’s third law of motion, what is equal and p 2.
opposite to the backward push of the back wheel on the road? What is the magnitude of the average force acting on the ball
A the force exerted by the cyclist on the pedals between times t1 and t2?
B the forward push of the road on the back wheel
C the tension in the cycle chain
D the total air resistance and friction force –1
33. A lorry of mass 20 000 kg is travelling at 20.0 m s . A car of
–1
mass 900 kg is travelling at 30.0 m s towards the lorry.
27. In perfectly elastic collisions between two atoms, it is always
true to say that
A the initial speed of one atom will be the same as the final
speed of the other atom.
B the relative speed of approach between the two atoms equals
their relative speed of separation.
C the total momentum must be conserved, but a small amount
of the total kinetic energy may be lost in the collision.
D whatever their initial states of motion, neither atom can be
stationary after the collision.
What is the magnitude of the total momentum?
28. Two railway trucks of masses m and 3m move towards each A 209 kN s B 373 kN s C 427 kN s D 1045 kN s
other in opposite directions with speeds 2v and v respectively.
These trucks collide and stick together. 34. The diagram shows the masses and velocities of two trolleys
What is the speed of the trucks after the collision? about to collide.

Nov 06
29. The diagram shows two identical spheres X and Y.
After the impact they move off together.
What is the total kinetic energy of the trolleys after the collision?
A 1.3 J B 12 J C 18 J D 19 J

Nov. 07
Initially X moves with speed v directly towards Y. Y is stationary. 35. The symbol g represents the acceleration of free fall.
The spheres collide elastically. What happens? Which of these statements is correct?
A g is gravity. B g is reduced by air resistance.
C g is the ratio weight / mass. D g is the weight of an object.
36. A block of mass 0.60 kg is on a rough horizontal surface. A June 08
force of 12 N is applied to the block and it accelerates at 4.0 m 41. An object accelerates in a direction that is always perpendicular
–2
s . to its motion. What is the effect, if any, of the acceleration on the
object’s speed and direction?
speed direction
A changes changes
B changes constant
C constant changes
What is the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the block? D constant constant
A 2.4 N B 5.3 N C 6.7 N D 9.6 N
42. The acceleration of free fall on a planet P is 1/6 th of the
37. A car with front-wheel drive accelerates in the direction acceleration of free fall on Earth.
shown. The mass of a body on planet P is 30 kg.
What is its weight on planet P?
A 4.9 N B 49 N C 180 N D 290 N

43. A football is dropped from the top of a tall building.

Which diagram best shows the direction of the total force Which acceleration-time graph best represents the motion of the
exerted by the road on the front wheels? football through the air?

38.. The graph shows how a certain quantity p varies with

another quantity q for a parachutist falling at terminal speed.

44. Which is a statement of the principle of conservation of

momentum?
What are the quantities p and q, and what is represented by the A Momentum is the product of mass and velocity.
magnitude of the gradient of the graph? B Momentum is conserved only in elastic collisions.
C Momentum is conserved by all bodies in a collision.
D Momentum is conserved providing no external forces act.

45. Two equal masses X and Y are moving towards each other on a
frictionless air track as shown.
The masses make an elastic collision.

39. . The diagram shows two identical spheres X and Y.

Which row gives possible velocities for the two masses after the
collision?
velocity of X velocity of Y
–1
A zero 20 cm s to the right
–1 –1
B 10 cm s to the right 10 cm s to the right
Initially, X moves with speed v directly towards Y. Y is stationary. –1
C 20 cm s to the left zero
The spheres collide elastically. What happens? –1
D 30 cm s to the left
–1
50 cm s to the right

46. A car of mass 750 kg has a horizontal driving force of 2.0 kN

–2
acting on it. It has a forward horizontal acceleration of 2.0 m s .

40. A brick weighing 20 N rests on an inclined plane. The weight

of the brick has a component of 10 N parallel with the plane. The What is the resistive force acting horizontally?
brick also experiences a frictional force of 4 N. A 0.5 kN B 1.5 kN C 2.0 kN D 3.5 kN

47. A ball is falling at terminal speed in still air. The forces acting on
the ball are upthrust, viscous drag and weight.
What is the order of increasing magnitude of these three forces?
A upthrust viscous drag weight
What is the acceleration of the brick down the plane? Assume B viscous drag upthrust weight
–2 C viscous drag weight upthrust
that the acceleration of free fall g is equal to 10 m s .
–2 –2 –2 –2
A 0.3 m s B 0.8 m s C 3.0 m s D 8.0 m s D weight upthrust viscous drag
48. Which quantities are conserved in an inelastic collision? 54. A stationary body explodes into two components of masses m
kinetic energy total energy linear momentum and 2m.
A conserved not conserved conserved The components gain kinetic energies X and Y respectively.
B conserved not conserved not conserved
C not conserved conserved conserved
D not conserved conserved not conserved
Nov. 08
49. A ball falls vertically and bounces on the ground.
The following statements are about the forces acting while the
ball is in contact with the ground. Which statement is correct?
A The force that the ball exerts on the ground is always equal to
the weight of the ball. What is the value of the ratio
B The force that the ball exerts on the ground is always equal in
magnitude and opposite in direction to the force the ground
exerts on the ball.
C The force that the ball exerts on the ground is always less
than the weight of the ball.
D The weight of the ball is always equal in magnitude and opposite Nov 09.
in direction to the force that the ground exerts on the ball. 55. Which statement about a ball that strikes a tennis racket and
50. Two spheres approach each other along the same straight rebounds is always correct?
line. Their speeds are u1 and u2 before collision, and v1 and v2 A Total kinetic energy of the ball is conserved.
after collision, in the directions shown below. B Total kinetic energy of the system is conserved.
C Total momentum of the ball is conserved.
D Total momentum of the system is conserved.

56. The diagram shows two spherical masses approaching each

other head-on at an equal speed u. One has mass 2m and the other
has mass m.

Which equation is correct if the collision is perfectly elastic?

A u1 – u2 = v2 + v1 B u1 – u2 = v2 – v1
C u1 + u2 = v2 + v1 D u1 + u2 = v2 – v1
51. A box of mass 8.0 kg rests on a horizontal, rough surface. A Which diagram, showing the situation after the collision, shows the
string attached to the box passes over a smooth pulley and result of an elastic collision?
supports a 2.0 kg mass at its other end.

When the box is released, a friction force of 6.0 N acts on it.

What is the acceleration of the box?
–2 –2 –2 –2
A 1.4 m s B 1.7 m s C 2.0 m s D 2.5 m s
52. A wooden block rests on a rough board. The end of the –1
57. A supermarket trolley, total mass 30 kg, is moving at 3.0 ms . A
board is then raised until the block slides down the plane of the retarding force of 60 N is applied to the trolley for 0.50 s in the
board at constant velocity v. opposite direction to the trolley’s initial velocity.
What is the trolley’s new velocity after the application of the force?
–1 –1 –1 –1
A 1.0 m s B 1.5 m s C 2.0 m s D 2.8 m s

58. Two trolleys are placed together on a horizontal runway with a

compressed spring between them.
Which row describes the forces acting on the block when sliding
with constant velocity?
frictional force on block resultant force on block
A down the plane down the plane
B down the plane zero –1
When they are released, the 2 kg trolley moves to the left at 2 m s .
C up the plane down the plane How much energy was stored in the spring?
D up the plane zero A4J B6J C8J D 12 J
June 09 1 b 11 b 21 a 31 b 41 c 51 a
53. A tennis ball of mass 100 g is struck by a tennis racket. The
velocity of the ball is changed as shown. 2 b 12 a 22 a 32 b 42 b 52 d
3 b 13 b 23 a 33 b 43 c 53 b
4 d 14 d 24 d 34 b 44 d 54 c
5 b 15 a 25 b 35 c 45 d 55 d
6 a 16 b 26 b 36 d 46 a 56 a
7 a 17 b 27 b 37 b 47 a 57 c
8 d 18 a 28 a 38 a 48 c 58 d
What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the ball? 9 b 19 b 29 d 39 d 49 b
–1 –1 –1 –1
A 1 kg m s B 5 kg m s C 1000 kg m s D 5000 kg m s 10 a 20 b 30 b 40 c 50 d