CST Problem PDF

1000 lb Thickness (t) = 0.
5 in
E= 30×106 psi
300 psi
y =0.25
3 2
El 2
2 in
El 1
1
4
x
3 in
E 2) =
(a) Compute the unknown nodal displacements.
30×1060.252)=
(b) Compute the stresses in the two elements.
FEM Dr PV Ramana
3.2×107 40
Step 1: Node-element connectivity chart
Step 2: Compute strain-displacement matrices for the elements
Step 3: Compute element stiffness matrices
Step 4: Assemble the global stiffness matrix corresponding to the

nonzero degrees of freedom
Step 5: Compute consistent nodal loads
Step 6: Solve the system equations to obtain the unknown nodal

loads
Step 7: Compute the stresses in the elements
FEM Dr PV Ramana 41
Realize that this is a plane stress problem and one can use 1000 lb
y 3 300 psi
  2
1  0 3.2 0.8 0 
E  
0.8 3.2 0  107 psi
D  1 0  
1  2  1     El 2
0 0   0 0 1.2 2 in
 2  El 1
1
Step 1: Node-element connectivity chart
4 x
ELEMENT Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Area 3 in
(in2)
1 1 2 4 3
2 3 4 2 3
Node x y
1 3 0
Nodal coordinates
2 3 2
3 0 2
FEM Dr PV Ramana 42
4 0 0
Step 2: Compute strain-displacement matrices for the elements
Recall b1 0 b2 0 b3 0  with b1  y 2  y3 b2  y3  y1 b3  y1  y 2
B   0 c1 0 c2 0 c3 
1
2A c1  x3  x2 c2  x1  x3 c3  x2  x1
c1 b1 c2 b2 c3 b3 
Node
y1  0; y 2  2; y3  0 x y
For Element #1: 2(2) 1 3 0
x1  3; x2  3; x3  0
b1  2 b2  0 b3  2 2 3 2
Hence 3 0 2
c1  3 c2  3 c3  0
4 0 0
 2 0 0 0 2 0 
4(3) 1(1) ThereforeB(1)  1  0 3 0 3 0 0 
(local numbers within brackets) 6 
1000
3 2 3 0 0  2
y3 300 psi 2
For Element #2:  2 0 0 0 2 0 El 2
B   0 3 0 3 0 0
(2) 1
2
6 El 1
 3  2 3 0 0 2 1
FEM Dr PV Ramana 43
4 3 in x
2(2)
Step 3: Compute element stiffness matrices
(1) T (1) T 4(3) 1(1)

k  AtB D B  (3)(0.5)B D B
(1) (1) (1)
0.9833  0.5  0.45 0.2  0.5333 0.3 

 1.4 0.3 1.2 0.2  0.2

 0.45 0 0  0.3 7
  10
 1.2  0.2 0 
 0.5333 0 
 
 0.2  1000
u1 v1 u2 v2 u4 v4 y3 300 psi 2
El
2 2
El
1
FEM Dr PV Ramana 1 44
4 3 in x
3(1)
2(3)
( 2) T ( 2) T
 AtB D B  (3)(0.5)B
( 2) ( 2) ( 2)
k DB 4(2)
0.9833  0.5  0.45 0.2  0.5333 0.3 
 1.4 0.3 1.2 0.2  0.2

 0.45 0 0  0.3 7
  10
 1.2  0.2 0 
 0.5333 0 
 
 0.2 
1000
u3 v3 u4 v4 u2 v2
y3 300 psi 2
El 2
2
El 1
FEM Dr PV Ramana 45
1
4 3 in x
Step 4: Assemble the global stiffness matrix corresponding to the
nonzero degrees of freedom Notice that
u3  v3  u 4  v4  v1  0
Reduced matrix, calculate only a small (3x3) stiffness matrix

1000 lb
 0.983  0.45 0.2 u1
K    0.45 0.983 0   10 7 u2 y 300 psi
3 2
 0.2 0 1.4  v2
u1 u2 v2
El 2
2 in
El 1
1
4 x
FEM Dr PV Ramana 3 in 46
1000 lb
Step 5: Compute consistent nodal loads y3 300 psi 2
 f1 x   0  El 2
   
f   f2x    0  2 in
f  f  El 1
 2y   2y  1
4 3 in x
f 2 y  1000  f S 2 y
The consistent nodal load due to traction on the edge 3-2

3 x
f S2 y   N 3 3 2 ( 300 )tdx N 2 3 2 
x 0 3
3
 ( 300 )(0.5)  N 3 3 2 dx
x 0
3 x 3 2
 150  dx
x 0 3
3
 x2  9 f S 2 y   300 (0.5 x3)  225 lb
 50    50    225 lb 2
FEM  2 0
Dr PV Ramana  2 47
Hence
f 2 y  1000  f S 2 y
 1225 lb
Step 6: Solve the system equations to obtain the unknown nodal loads
Kd  f
y 3 300 psi 1000 lb

 0.983  0.45 0.2  u1   0  2
   
10 7    0.45 0.983 0  u 2    0 
 0.2 0 1.4   v2   1225  El 2
2 in
Solve to get El 1
1
 u1   0.2337  10 in 
4
   4 
 2 
u  0 . 1069  10 in  4 x
 v   0.9084  10  4 in 
3 in
 2  
FEM Dr PV Ramana 48
1000 lb
Step 7: Compute the stresses in the elements y3 300 psi 2
In Element #1 El 2
2 in
 (1)  D B(1) d(1) El 1
1
With 4 3 in x
 u1 v1 u2 v2 u4 v4 
(1) T
d

 0.2337104 0 0.1069104  0.9084104 0 0 
Calculate
  114.1 
 (1)   1391.1 psi
  76.1 
FEM Dr PV Ramana 49
1000 lb
In Element #2 y 3 300 psi 2
 (2)  D B(2) d(2) El 2
2 in
El 1
With 1
4 3 in x
 u3 v3 u4 v4 u2 v2 
( 2)T
d

 0 0 0 0 0.1069104  0.9084104 
Calculate
 114.1 
 ( 2)   28.52  psi
 363.35
Notice that the stresses are constant in each element

FEM Dr PV Ramana 50

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1000 lb Thickness (t) = 0.

Step 2: Compute strain-displacement matrices for the elements

Step 3: Compute element stiffness matrices

Step 4: Assemble the global stiffness matrix corresponding to the

Step 5: Compute consistent nodal loads

Step 6: Solve the system equations to obtain the unknown nodal

(1) T (1) T 4(3) 1(1)

0.9833  0.5  0.45 0.2  0.5333 0.3 

Reduced matrix, calculate only a small (3x3) stiffness matrix

The consistent nodal load due to traction on the edge 3-2

y 3 300 psi 1000 lb

Notice that the stresses are constant in each element

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