This document discusses various methods of plaque control including mechanical and chemical approaches. Mechanical approaches include toothbrushing with manual or powered toothbrushes, as well as interdental cleaning aids like dental floss and interdental brushes. Chemical approaches involve using mouthwashes containing agents like chlorhexidine to reduce plaque. Regular plaque removal is important for maintaining oral health and preventing periodontal disease. Patient education and motivation are also key factors for achieving good long-term plaque control.
This document discusses various methods of plaque control including mechanical and chemical approaches. Mechanical approaches include toothbrushing with manual or powered toothbrushes, as well as interdental cleaning aids like dental floss and interdental brushes. Chemical approaches involve using mouthwashes containing agents like chlorhexidine to reduce plaque. Regular plaque removal is important for maintaining oral health and preventing periodontal disease. Patient education and motivation are also key factors for achieving good long-term plaque control.
This document discusses various methods of plaque control including mechanical and chemical approaches. Mechanical approaches include toothbrushing with manual or powered toothbrushes, as well as interdental cleaning aids like dental floss and interdental brushes. Chemical approaches involve using mouthwashes containing agents like chlorhexidine to reduce plaque. Regular plaque removal is important for maintaining oral health and preventing periodontal disease. Patient education and motivation are also key factors for achieving good long-term plaque control.
This document discusses various methods of plaque control including mechanical and chemical approaches. Mechanical approaches include toothbrushing with manual or powered toothbrushes, as well as interdental cleaning aids like dental floss and interdental brushes. Chemical approaches involve using mouthwashes containing agents like chlorhexidine to reduce plaque. Regular plaque removal is important for maintaining oral health and preventing periodontal disease. Patient education and motivation are also key factors for achieving good long-term plaque control.
By Ameen fadhel Group (D) Plaque control Is the removal of dental plaque on regular basis and the prevention of its accumulation on the tooth surface and the adjacent gingival surfaces. Plaque control is one of the key elements of the practice of dentistry. Without plaque control , optimal oral health through periodontal treatment cannot be attained or preserved. Every patient in every dental practice should be educated about plaque control and encouraged to perform a personalized daily program. Good plaque control facilitates the gingival health and prevents tooth decay, and preserves oral health for a lifetime. Mechanical Plaque Control Toothbrush Recently, some novel designs intended to make brushing easier and hard-to-reach areas more accessible have been described. One has curved bristles on both sides of the brush head and shorter bristles running down the center. It is designed to brush buccal, lingual, and occlusal/ incisal surfaces of the teeth at one time. One study demonstrating its plaque removal ability showed statistically significant differences between the curved bristles and a conventional brush. Toothbrush To maintain cleaning effectiveness, toothbrushes must be replaced periodically, because most brushes show signs of wear within a few months. Type of the toothbrush On the basis of manipulation • Manual toothbrushes • Powered tooth brushes
On the basis of size
• Large (adult) • small (pediatric )
on the basis of bristle diameter
• Soft bristle - 0.2 mm • Medium bristle – 0.3 mm • Hard bristle – 0.4 mm POWERED TOOTHBRUSHES • The head of these toothbrushes oscillate in a side to side motion or in rotary motion, the frequency of oscillation is about 40Hz in ordinary toothbrushes Advantage: • In crease patient motivation • Increase accessibility in interproximal and lingual portion. • No specific technique is required • Less forced required • Brushing timer will help patients for proper brushing . TOOTHBRUSHING METHODS Many methods for brushing the teeth have been described and promoted as being efficient and effective. These methods can be categorized primarily according to the pattern of motion when brushing : • Roll: The roll method' or modified Stillman" technique • Vibratory: The Stillman,"' Charters , or Bass" techniques • Circular: The Fones technique • Vertical: The Leonard technique • Horizontal: The scrub technique
Note: please watch the methods through (Youtube)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4iIGhqi57es Toothbrush methods Dentifrices (toothpaste) • including toothpowder and toothpaste, are agents used along with a toothbrush to clean and polish natural teeth. They are supplied in paste, powder, gel or liquid form.
• Cosmetic Dentifrices (whitening )
• Therapeutic Dentifrices (control gingivitis ,halitosis, sensitivity) Composition of Dentifrices INTERDENTAL CLEANING AIDS Any toothbrush, regardless of the brushing method used, does not completely remove interdental plaque. Interdental plaque removal is crucial to augment the effects of tooth brushing because, the majority of dental and periodontal disease originates in interproximal areas The specific aids required for interproximal cleaning depend on various criteria such as the size of the interdental spaces, the presence of furcation, tooth alignment, and the presence of orthodontic appliances or fixed prostheses. Among the numerous aids available, dental floss and interdental brushes are commonly recommended. INTERDENTAL CLEANING AIDS INTERDENTAL CLEANING AIDS Dental Floss: Dental floss is the most widely recommended tool for removing plaque from proximal tooth surfaces." Floss is available as a multifilament nylon that is twisted or non twisted, waxed or un waxed, and thick or thin. Dental Floss Interdental Cleaning Devices Conventional toothpicks can also be used for interproximal cleaning. They have the advantage of being a common device and readily available in most homes. Toothpicks can be attached to commercially available handles for better access to posterior and lingual areas but nowadays its use had been limited . Why? Interdental Cleaning Devices Interdental Brushes. Interdental brushes are cone shaped or cylindrical brushes made of bristles mounted on a handle, with different size Interdental brushes are particularly suitable for cleaning large, irregular, or concave tooth surfaces adjacent to wide interdental spaces.
Technique. Interdental brushes of any style are inserted
through interproximal spaces and moved back and forth between the teeth with short strokes. Interdental Brushes GINGIVAL MASSAGE ORAL IRRIGATION DEVICES Supra-sub gingival Irrigation Oral irrigators for daily home use by patients work by directing a high- pressure, steady or pulsating stream of water through a nozzle to the tooth surfaces. When used as adjuncts to tooth brushing, these devices can have a beneficial effect on periodontal health by retarding the accumulation of plaque and calculus and by reducing inflammation and pocket depth CHEMICAL PLAQUE CONTROL Chlorehexidine: The initial finding that two daily rinses with 10 ml of a 0.12% aqueous solution of chlorhexidine digluconate almost inhibited the development of dental plaque and gingivitis in the human model for experimental gingivitis. Clinical studies of several months' duration have reported plaque reductions of 45%-61% and, more importantly, gingivitis reductions of 27%- 67%. The 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate preparation is an equally effective agent currently available for reducing plaque and gingivitis. Chlorhexidine Indications for the use of CHX: 1. As an anti plaque and for the disinfection of the oral cavity before any dental treatment. 2.Following periodontal surgery 3. In handicapped patients Chlorhexidine Local, reversible side effects to chlorhexidine use Include: brown staining of the teeth, tongue, and silicate and resin restorations and transient impairment of taste perception and in high concentration and calculus formation Side effects of CHX DISCLOSING AGENTS Disclosing agents are solutions or wafers capable of staining bacterial deposits on the surfaces of teeth, tongue, and gingivae. They are excellent oral hygiene aids because they can provide the patient with an educational and motivational tool to improve the efficiency of plaque control procedures Motivation: Means convincing or urging the patient to follow your instructions.
For the motivation to be successful the patient must be:
1. Receptive: Required to understand the concepts of the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of periodontal disease.
2. Willing to change the habits of a lifetime: Necessary to adopt a successful,
self-administered daily plaque control regimen.
3. Able to make behavioral changes: Required to adjust the person's beliefs,
practices, and values to accommodate the required new oral hygiene habits and return for regular periodontal maintenance visits.
