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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.1)
Questions

1. Write all the factors of the following numbers:

(a) 24 (b) 15 (c) 21 (d) 27
(e) 12 (f) 20 (g) 18 (h) 23
(i) 36

2. Write first five multiples of:

(a) 5 (b) 8 (c) 9

3. Match the items in column 1 with the items in column 2:

Column 1 Column 2
(i) 35 (a) Multiple of 8
(ii) 15 (b) Multiple of 7
(iii) 16 (c) Multiple of 70
(iv) 20 (d) Factor of 30
(v) 20 (e) Factor of 50

4. Find all the multiples of 9 up to 100.

 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.1)
Answers

1. (a) 24 = 1 x 24 = 2 x 12 = 3 x 8 = 4 x 6 = 6 x 4
∴ Factors of 24 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 24
(b) 15 = 1 x 15 = 3 x 5 = 5 x 3
∴ Factors of 15 = 1, 3, 5, 15
(c) 21 = 1 x 21 = 3 x 7 = 7 x 3
∴ Factors of 21 = 1, 3, 7, 21
(d) 27 = 1 x 27 = 3 x 9 = 9 x 3
∴ Factors of 27 = 1, 3, 9, 27
(e) 12 = 1 x 12 = 2 x 6 = 3 x 4 = 4 x 3
∴ Factors of 12 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
(f) 20 = 1 x 20 = 2 x 10 = 4 x 5 = 5 x 4
∴ Factors of 20 = 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20
(g) 18 = 1 x 18 = 2 x 9 = 3 x 6
∴ Factors of 18 = 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
(h) 23 = 1 x 23
∴ Factors of 23 = 1, 23
(i) 36 = 1 x 36 = 2 x 18 = 3 x 12 = 4 x 9 = 6 x 6
∴ Factors of 36 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36

2. (a) 5 x 1 = 5, 5 x 2 = 10, 5 x 3 = 15, 5 x 4 = 20, 5 x 5 = 25

∴ First five multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25.
(b) 8 x 1 = 8, 8 x 2 = 16, 8 x 3 = 24, 8 x 4 = 32, 8 x 5 = 40
∴ First five multiples of 8 are 8, 16, 24, 32, 40.
(c) 9 x 1 = 9, 9 x 2 = 18, 9 x 3 = ,27, 9 x 4 = 36, 9 x 5 = 45
∴ First five multiples of 9 are 9, 18, 27, 36, 45.

3. (i) → (b), (ii) → (d), (iii) → (a), (iv) → (f), (v) → (e)
4. Multiples of 9 up to 100 are:
9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90, 99
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.2)
Questions

1. What is the sum of any two:

(a) Odd numbers.
(b) Even numbers.
2. State whether the following statements are true or false:
(a) The sum of three odd numbers is even.
(b) The sum of two odd numbers and one even number is even.
(c) The product of three odd numbers is odd.
(d) If an even number is divided by 2, the quotient is always odd.
(e) All prime numbers are odd.
(f) Prime numbers do not have any factors.
(g) Sum of two prime numbers is always even.
(h) 2 is the only even prime number.
(i) All even numbers are composite numbers.
(j) The product of two even numbers is always even.

3. The numbers 13 and 31 are prime numbers. Both these numbers have same digits 1 and 3.
Find such pairs of prime numbers up to 100.
4. Write down separately the prime and composite numbers less than 20.
5. What is the greatest prime number between 1 and 10?
6. Express the following as the sum of two odd numbers:
(a) 44 (b) 36 (c) 24 (d) 18

7. Give three pairs of prime numbers whose difference is 2.

[Remark: Two prime numbers whose difference is 2 are called twin primes.]
8. Which of the following numbers are prime:
(a) 23 (b) 51 (c) 37 (d) 26
9. Write seven consecutive composite numbers less than 100 so that there is no prime number
between them.
10. Express each of the following numbers as the sum of three odd primes:
(a) 21 (b) 31 (c) 53 (d) 61
11. Write five pairs of prime numbers less than 20 whose sum is divisible by 5.
[Hint: 3 + 7 = 10]
12. Fill in the blanks:
(a) A number which has only two factors is called a .
(b) A number which has more than two factors is called a .
(c) 1 neither nor .
(d) The smallest prime number is .
(e) The smallest composite number is _.
(f) The smallest even number is .
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.2)
Answers

1. (a) The sum of any two odd numbers is an even number.

Example: 1 + 3 = 4, 3 + 5 = 8
(b) The sum of any two even numbers is an even number.
Example: 2 + 4 = 6, 6 + 8 = 14

2. (a) False (b) True (c) True (d) False (e) False (f) False
(g) False (h) True (i) False (j) True

3. 17 and 71; 37 and 73; 79 and 97

4. Prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19
Composite numbers: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18

5. The greatest prime number between 1 and 10 is ‘7’.

6. (a) 3 + 41 = 44 (b) 5 + 31 = 36 (c) 7 + 17 = 24 (d) 7 + 11 = 18
7. 3 and 5; 5 and 7; 11 and 13
8. (a) 23 and (c) 37 are prime numbers.
9. 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96
10. (a) 21 = 3 + 7 + 11 (b) 31 = 3 + 11 + 17
(c) 53 = 13 + 17 + 23 (d) 61 = 19 + 29 + 13

11. 2 + 3 = 5; 7 + 13 = 20; 3 + 17 = 20; 2 + 13 = 15; 5 + 5 = 10

12. (a) Prime number
(b) Composite number
(c) Prime number and composite number
(d) 2
(e) 4
(f) 2
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.3)
Questions

1. Using divisibility test, determine which of the following numbers are divisible by 2; by 3; by 4;
by 5; by 6; by 8; by 9; by 10; by 11. (say yes or no)
Number Divisible by

128 Yes No Yes No No Yes No No No

990
1586
275
6686
639210
429714
2856
3060
406839

2. Using divisibility test, determine which of the following numbers are divisibly by 4; by 8:
(a) 572 (b) 726352 (c) 5500 (d) 6000
(e) 12159 (f) 14560 (g) 21084 (h) 31795072
(i) 1700 (j) 2150

3. Using divisibility test, determine which of the following numbers are divisible by 6:
(a) 297144 (b) 1258 (c) 4335 (d) 61233
(e) 901352 (f) 438750 (g) 1790184 (h) 12583
(i) 639210 (j) 17852

4. Using divisibility test, determine which of the following numbers are divisible by 11:
(a) 5445 (b) 10824 (c) 7138965 (d) 70169308
(e) 10000001 (f) 901153

5. Write the smallest digit and the largest digit in the blanks space of each of the following
numbers so that the number formed is divisibly by 3:
(a) 6724 (b) 4765 2

6. Write the smallest digit and the largest digit in the blanks space of each of the following
numbers so that the number formed is divisibly by 11:
(a) 92 389 (b) 8 9484
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.3)
Answers

1. Sol.
Number Divisible by
2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11
128 Yes No Yes No No Yes No No No
990 Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes
1586 Yes No No No No No No No No
275 No No No Yes No No No No Yes
6686 Yes No No No No No No No No
639210 Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes
429714 Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No No
2856 Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No
3060 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No
406839 No Yes No No No no No No No

2. (a) 572 → Divisible by 4 as its last two digits are divisible by 4.

→ Not divisible by 8 as its last three digits are not divisible by 8.
(b) 726352 → Divisible by 4 as its last two digits are divisible by 4.
→ Divisible by 8 as its last three digits are divisible by 8.
(c) 5500 → Divisible by 4 as its last two digits are divisible by 4.
→ Not divisible by 8 as its last three digits are not divisible by 8.
(d) 6000 → Divisible by 4 as its last two digits are 0.
→ Divisible by 8 as its last three digits are 0.
(e) 12159 → Not divisible by 4 and 8 as it is an odd number.
(f) 14560 → Divisible by 4 as its last two digits are divisible by 4.
→ Divisible by 8 as its last three digits are divisible by 8.
(g) 21084 → Divisible by 4 as its last two digits are divisible by 4.
→ Not divisible by 8 as its last three digits are not divisible by 8.
(h) 31795072 → Divisible by 4 as its last two digits are divisible by 4.
→ Divisible by 8 as its last three digits are divisible by 8.
(i) 1700 → Divisible by 4 as its last two digits are 0.
→ Not divisible by 8 as its last three digits are not divisible by 8.
(j) 5500 → Not divisible by 4 as its last two digits are not divisible by 4.
→ Not divisible by 8 as its last three digits are not divisible by 8.
3. (a) 297144 → Divisible by 2 as its units place is an even number.
→ Divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 27) is divisible by 3.
Since the number is divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is also divisible by 6.
 (b) 1258 → Divisible by 2 as its units place is an even number.
→ Not divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 16) is not divisible by 3.
Since the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is not divisible by 6.
(c) 4335 → Not divisible by 2 as its units place is not an even number.
→ Divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 15) is divisible by 3.
Since the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is not divisible by 6.
(d) 61233 → Not divisible by 2 as its units place is not an even number.
→ Divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 15) is divisible by 3.
Since the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is not divisible by 6.
(e) 901352 → Divisible by 2 as its units place is an even number.
→ Not divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 20) is not divisible by 3.
Since the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is not divisible by 6.
(f) 438750 → Divisible by 2 as its units place is an even number.
→ Divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 27) is not divisible by 3.
Since the number is divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is divisible by 6.
(g) 1790184 → Divisible by 2 as its units place is an even number.
→ Divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 30) is not divisible by 3.
Since the number is divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is divisible by 6.
(h) 12583 → Not divisible by 2 as its units place is not an even number.
→ Not divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 19) is not divisible by 3.
Since the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is not divisible by 6.
(i) 639210 → Divisible by 2 as its units place is an even number.
→ Divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 21) is not divisible by 3.
Since the number is divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is divisible by 6.
(j) 17852 → Divisible by 2 as its units place is an even number.
→ Not divisible by 3 as sum of its digits (= 23) is not divisible by 3.
Since the number is not divisible by both 2 and 3, therefore, it is not divisible by 6.

4. (a) 5445 → Sum of the digits at odd places = 4 + 5 = 9

→ Sum of the digits at even places = 4 + 5 = 9
→ Difference of both sums = 9 – 9 = 0
Since the difference is 0, therefore, the number is divisible by 11.
(b) 10824 → Sum of the digits at odd places = 4 + 8 +1 = 13
→ Sum of the digits at even places = 2 + 0 = 2
→ Difference of both sums = 13 – 2 = 11
Since the difference is 11, therefore, the number is divisible by 11.
(c) 7138965 → Sum of the digits at odd places = 5 + 9 + 3 + 7 = 24
→ Sum of the digits at even places = 6 + 8 + 1 = 15
→ Difference of both sums = 24 – 15 = 9
Since the difference is neither 0 nor 11, therefore, the number is not divisible by 11.
(d) 70169308 → Sum of the digits at odd places = 8 + 3 + 6 + 0 = 17
 → Sum of the digits at even places = 0 + 9 + 1 + 7 = 17
→ Difference of both sums = 17 – 17 = 0
Since the difference is 0, therefore, the number is divisible by 11.
(e) 10000001 → Sum of the digits at odd places = 1 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 1
→ Sum of the digits at even places = 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 = 1
→ Difference of both sums = 1 – 1 = 0
Since the difference is 0, therefore, the number is divisible by 11.
(f) 901153 → Sum of the digits at odd places = 3 + 1 + 0 = 4
→ Sum of the digits at even places = 5 + 1 + 9 = 15
→ Difference of both sums = 15 – 4 = 11
Since the difference is 11, therefore, the number is divisible by 11.

5. (a) We know that a number is divisible by 3 if the sum of all digits is divisible by 3.
Therefore, Smallest digit : 2 → 26724 = 2 + 6 + 7 + 2 + 4 = 21
Largest digit : 8 → 86724 = 8 + 6 + 7 + 2 + 4 = 27
(b) We know that a number is divisible by 3 if the sum of all digits is divisible by 3.
Therefore, Smallest digit : 0 → 476502 = 4 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 0 + 2 = 24
Largest digit : 9 → 476592 = 4 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 0 + 2 = 33

6. (a) We know that a number is divisible by 11 if the difference of the sum of the digits at odd
places and that of even places should be either 0 or 11.
Therefore, 928389 → Odd places = 9 + 8 + 8 = 25
Even places = 2 + 3 + 9 = 14
Difference = 25 – 14 = 11
(b) We know that a number is divisible by 11 if the difference of the sum of the digits at odd
places and that of even places should be either 0 or 11.
Therefore, 869484 → Odd places = 8 + 9 + 8 = 25
Even places = 6 + 4 + 4 = 14
Difference = 25 – 14 = 11
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.4)
Questions

1. Find the common factors of:

(a) 20 and 28 (b) 15 and 25
(c) 35 and 50 (d) 56 and 120

2. Find the common factors of:

(a) 4, 8 and 12 (b) 5, 15 and 25

3. Find the first three common multiples of:

(a) 6 and 8 (b) 12 and 18

4. Write all the numbers less than 100 which are common multiples of 3 and 4.
5. Which of the following numbers are co-prime:
(a) 18 and 35 (b) 15 and 37
(c) 30 and 415 (d) 17 and 68
(e) 216 and 215 (f) 81 and 16

6. A number is divisible by both 5 and 12. By which other number will that number be always
divisible?
7. A number is divisible by 12. By what other numbers will that number be divisible?
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.4)
Answers

1. (a) Factors of 20 = 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20

Factors of 28 = 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28
Common factors = 1, 2, 4
(b) Factors of 15 = 1, 3, 5, 15
Factors of 25 = 1, 5, 25
Common factors = 1, 5
(c) Factors of 35 = 1, 5, 7, 35
Factors of 50 = 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50
Common factors = 1, 5
(d) Factors of 56 = 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 14, 28, 56
Factors of 120 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 24, 30, 60, 120
Common factors = 1, 2, 4, 8

2. (a) Factors of 4 = 1, 2, 4
Factors of 8 = 1, 2, 4, 8
Factors of 12 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
Common factors of 4, 8 and 12 = 1, 2, 4
(b) Factors of 5 = 1, 5
Factors of 15 = 1, 3, 5, 15
Factors of 25 = 1, 5, 25
Common factors of 5, 15 and 25 = 1, 5

3. (a) Multiple of 6 = 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 28, 54, 60, 72, …………
Multiple of 8 = 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, …………………….
Common multiples of 6 and 8 = 24, 48, 72
(b) Multiple of 12 = 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, ………
Multiple of 18 = 18, 36, 54, 72, 90, 108, ………………………………
Common multiples of 12 and 18 = 36, 72, 108

4. Multiple of 3 = 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57, 60, 63, 66,
69, 72, 75, 78, 81, 84, 87, 90, 93, 96, 99
Multiple of 4 = 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68, 72, 76, 80, 84, 88,
92, 96, 100
Common multiples of 3 and 4 = 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96

5. (a) Factors of 18 = 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
Factors of 35 = 1, 5, 7, 35
 Common factor = 1
Since, both have only one common factor, i.e., 1, therefore, they are co-prime numbers.

(b) Factors of 15 = 1, 3, 5, 15
Factors of 37 = 1, 37
Common factor = 1
Since, both have only one common factor, i.e., 1, therefore, they are co-prime numbers.
(c) Factors of 30 = 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 15, 30
Factors of 415 = 1, 5, …….., 83, 415
Common factor = 1, 5
Since, both have more than one common factor, therefore, they are not co-prime numbers.
(d) Factors of 17 = 1, 17
Factors of 68 = 1, 2, 4, 17, 34, 86
Common factor = 1, 17
Since, both have more than one common factor, therefore, they are not co-prime numbers.
(e) Factors of 216 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 36, 72, 108, 216
Factors of 215 = 1, 5, 43, 215
Common factor = 1
Since, both have only one common factor, i.e., 1, therefore, they are co-prime numbers.
(f) Factors of 81 = 1, 3, 9, 27, 81
Factors of 16 = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
Common factor = 1
Since, both have only one common factor, i.e., 1, therefore, they are co-prime numbers.

6. 5 x 12 = 60. The number must be divisible by 60.

7. Factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.

Therefore, the number also be divisible by 1,2 ,3 4 and 6.
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.5)
Questions

1. Which of the following statements are true:

(a) If a number is divisible by 3, it must be divisible by 9.
(b) If a number is divisible by 9, it must be divisible by 3.
(c) If a number is divisible by 18, it must be divisible by both 3 and 6.
(d) If a number is divisible by 9 and 10 both, then it must be divisible by 90.
(e) If two numbers are co-primes, at least one of them must be prime.
(f) All numbers which are divisible by 4 must also by divisible by 8.
(g) All numbers which are divisible by 8 must also by divisible by 4.
(h) If a number is exactly divides two numbers separately, it must exactly divide their sum.
(i) If a number is exactly divides the sum of two numbers, it must exactly divide the two
numbers separately.

2. Here are two different factor trees for 60. Write the missing numbers.
(a)

(b)

3. Which factors are not included in the prime factorization of a composite number?
4. Write the greatest 4-digit number and express it in terms of its prime factors.
5. Write the smallest 5-digit number and express it in terms of its prime factors.
6. Find all the prime factors of 1729 and arrange them in ascending order. Now state the relation,
if any, between, two consecutive prime numbers.
7. The product of three consecutive numbers is always divisible by 6. Verify this statement with
the help of some examples.
8. The sum of three consecutive numbers is always divisible by 4. Verify this statement with the
help of some examples.
9. In which of the following expressions, prime factorization has been done:
(a) 24 = 2 x 3 x 4
(b) 56 = 7 x 2 x 2 x 2
(c) 70 = 2 x 5 x 7
(d) 54 = 2 x 3 x 9

10. Determine if 25110 is divisible by 45.

[Hint: 5 and 9 are co-prime numbers. Test the divisibility of the number by 5 and 9.]

11. 18 is divisible by both 2 and 3. It is also divisible by 2 x 3 = 6. Similarly, a number is divisible by

4 and 6. Can we say that the number must be divisible by 4 x 6 = 24? If not, give an example to
justify your answer.
12. I am the smallest number, having four different prime factors. Can you find me?
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.5)
Answers

1. Statements (b), (c), (d), (g) and (h) are true.

2. Sol.
(a)

(b)

3. 1
4. The greatest four digit number is 9999.

The prime factors of 9999 are 3 x 3 x 11 x 101.

5. The smallest five digit number is 10000.

The prime factors of 10000 are 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 5 x 5 x 5 x 5.

6. Sol.

Prime factors of 1729 are 7 x 13 x 19.

The difference of two consecutive prime factors is 6.

7. Among the three consecutive numbers, there must be one even number and one multiple of 3.
Thus, the product must be multiple of 6.
Example: (i) 2 x 3 x 4 = 24
(ii) 4 x 5 x 6 = 120
8. 3 + 5 = 8 and 8 is divisible by 4.
5 + 7 = 12 and 12 is divisible by 4.
7 + 9 = 16 and 16 is divisible by 4.
9 + 11 = 20 and 20 is divisible by 4.

9. In expressions (b) and (c), prime factorization has been done.

10. The prime factorization of 45 = 5 x 9

25110 is divisible by 5 as ‘0’ is at its unit place.
25110 is divisible by 9 as sum of digits is divisible by 9.
Therefore, the number must be divisible by 5 x 9 = 45

11. No. Number 12 is divisible by both 6 and 4 but 12 is not divisible by 24.

12. 2 x 3 x 5 x 7 = 210
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.6)
Questions

1. Find the H.C.F. of the following numbers:

(a) 18, 48 (b) 30, 42
(c) 18, 60 (d) 27, 63
(e) 36, 84 (f) 34, 102
(g) 70, 105, 175 (h) 91, 112, 49
(i) 18, 54, 81 (j) 12, 45, 75

2. What is the H.C.F. of two consecutive:

(a) numbers?
(b) even numbers?
(c) odd numbers?

3. H.C.F. of co-prime numbers 4 and 15 was found as follows by factorization:

4 = 2 x 2 and 15 = 3 x 5 since there is no common prime factor, so H.C.F. of 4 and 15 is 0. Is the
answer correct? If not, what is the correct H.C.F.?
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.6)
Answers

1. (a) Factors of 18 = 2 x 3 x 3 (b) Factors of 30 = 2 x 3 x 5

Factors of 48 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 Factors of 42 = 2 x 3 x 7
H.C.F. (18, 48) = 2 x 3 = 6 H.C.F. (30, 42) = 2 x 3 = 6
(c) Factors of 18 = 2 x 3 x 3 (d) Factors of 27 = 3 x 3 x 3
Factors of 60 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 Factors of 63 = 3 x 3 x 7
H.C.F. (18, 60) = 2 x 3 = 6 H.C.F. (27, 63) = 3 x 3 = 9
(e) Factors of 36 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 (f) Factors of 34 = 2 x 17
Factors of 84 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 7 Factors of 102 = 2 x 3 x 17
H.C.F. (36, 84) = 2 x 2 x 3 = 12 H.C.F. (34, 102) = 2 x 17 = 34
(g) Factors of 70 = 2 x 5 x 7 (h) Factors of 91 = 7 x 13
Factors of 105 = 3 x 5 x 7 Factors of 112 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 7
Factors of 175 = 5 x 5 x 7 Factors of 49 = 7 x 7
H.C.F. = 5 x 7 = 35 H.C.F. = 1 x 7 = 7
(i) Factors of 18 = 2 x 3 x 3 (j) Factors of 12 = 2 x 2 x 3
Factors of 54 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 Factors of 45 = 3 x 3 x 5
Factors of 81 = 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 Factors of 75 = 3 x 5 x 5
H.C.F. = 3 x 3 = 9 H.C.F. = 1 x 3 = 3

2. (a) H.C.F. of two consecutive numbers be 1.

(b) H.C.F. of two consecutive even numbers be 2.
(c) H.C.F. of two consecutive odd numbers be 1.

3. No. The correct H.C.F. is 1.

 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.7)
Questions

1. Renu purchases two bags of fertilizer of weights 75 kg and 69 kg. Find the maximum value of
weight which can measure the weight of the fertilizer exact number of times.
2. Three boys step off together from the same spot. Their steps measure 63 cm, 70 cm and 77 cm
respectively. What is the maximum distance each should cover so that all can cover the
distance in complete steps?
3. The length, breadth and height of a room are 825 cm, 675 cm and 450 cm respectively. Find
the longest tape which can measure the three dimensions of the room exactly.
4. Determine the smallest 3-digit number which is exactly divisible by 6, 8 and 12.
5. Determine the largest 3-digit number which is exactly divisible by 8, 10 and 12.
6. The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after every 48 seconds, 72 seconds
and 108 seconds respectively. If they change simultaneously at 7 a.m. at what time will they
change simultaneously again?
7. Three tankers contain 403 liters and 465 liters of diesel respectively. Find the maximum
capacity of a container that can measure the diesel of three containers exact number of times.
8. Find the least number which when divided by 6, 15 and 18, leave remainder 5 in each case.
9. Find the smallest 4-digit number which is divisible by 18, 24 and 32.
10. Find the L.C.M. of the following numbers:
(a) 9 and 4 (b) 12 and 5 (c) 6 and 5 (d) 15 and 4
Observe a common property in the obtained L.C.Ms. Is L.C.M. the product of two numbers in
each case?

11. Find the L.C.M. of the following numbers in which one number is the factor of other:
(a) 5, 20 (b) 6, 18 (c) 12, 48 (d) 9, 45
What do you observe in the result obtained?
 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 3.7)
Answers

1. For finding maximum weight, we have to find H.C.F. of 75 and 69.

Factors of 75 = 3 x 5 x 5
Factors of 69 = 3 x 69
H.C.F. = 3
Therefore the required weight is 3 kg.

2. For finding minimum distance, we have to find L.C.M of 63, 70, 77.
7 63, 70, 77
L.C.M. of 63, 70 and 77 = 7 x 9 x 10 x 11 = 6930 cm. 9 9, 10, 11
Therefore, the minimum distance is 6930 cm. 10 1, 10, 11
11 1, 1, 11
1, 1, 1

3. The measurement of longest tape = H.C.F. of 825 cm, 675 cm and 450 cm.
Factors of 825 = 3 x 5 x 5 x 11
Factors of 675 = 3 x 5 x 5 x 3 x 3
Factors of 450 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 5 x 5
H.C.F. = 3 x 5 x 5 = 75 cm
Therefore, the longest tape is 75 cm.

4. L.C.M. of 6, 8 and 12 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24
The smallest 3-digit number = 100 2 6, 8, 12
To find the number, we have to divide 100 by 24 2 3, 4, 6
4 2 3, 2, 3
24 24 3 3, 1, 3
−24 1, 1, 1
4
Therefore, the required number = 100 + (24 – 4) = 120.

5. L.C.M. of 8, 10, 12 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 120

The largest three digit number = 999 2 8, 10, 12
8 2 4, 5, 6
Now, 120 999 2 2, 5, 3
−960 3 1, 5, 3
5 1, 5, 1
39
1, 1, 1
Therefore, the required number = 999 – 39 = 960
6. L.C.M. of 48, 72, 108 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 432 sec.
After 432 seconds, the lights change simultaneously. 2 8, 10, 12
432 second = 7 minutes 12 seconds 2 4, 5, 6
Therefore the time = 7 a.m. + 7 minutes 12 seconds 2 2, 5, 3
= 7 : 07 : 12 a.m. 3 1, 5, 3
7. The maximum capacity of container = H.C.F. (403, 434, 465) 5 1, 5, 1
1, 1, 1
Factors of 403 = 13 x 31
Factors of 434 = 2 x 7 x 31
Factors of 465 = 3 x 5 x 31
H.C.F. = 31
Therefore, 31 liters of container is required to measure the quantity.
8. L.C.M. of 6, 15 and 18 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 5 = 90
Therefore the required number = 90 + 5 = 95 2 6, 15, 18
3 3, 15, 9
3 1, 5, 3
5 1, 5, 1
1, 1, 1

9. L.C.M. of 18, 24 and 32 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 = 288

The smallest four-digit number = 1000 2 18, 24, 32
3 2 9, 12, 16
Now, 288 1000 2 9, 6, 8
− 864 2 9, 3, 4
2 9, 3, 2
136
3 9, 3, 1
Therefore, the required number is 1000 + (288 – 136) = 1152. 3 3, 1, 1
1, 1, 1
10. (a) L.C.M. of 9 and 4
= 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 = 36 2 9, 4
2 9, 2
3 9, 1
3 3, 1
(b) L.C.M. of 12 and 5 1, 1
= 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 60 2 12, 5
2 6, 5
3 3, 5
5 1, 5
1, 1
 (c) L.C.M. of 6 and 5
= 2 x 3 x 5 = 30 2 6, 5
3 3, 5
5 1, 5
1, 1
(d) L.C.M. of 15 and 4
= 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 60 2 15, 4
2 15, 2
Yes, the L.C.M. is equal to the product of two numbers in each case. 3 15, 1
And L.C.M. is also the multiple of 3. 5 5, 1
1, 1
11. (a) L.C.M. of 5 and 20
= 2 x 2 x 5 = 20 2 5, 20
2 5, 10
5 5, 5
1, 1
(b) L.C.M. of 6 and 18
2 x 3 x 3 = 18 2 6, 18
3 3, 9
3 1, 3
1, 1
(c) L.C.M. of 12 and 48
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 48 2 12, 48
2 6, 24
2 3, 12
2 3, 6
3 3, 3
1, 1
(d) L.C.M. of 9 and 45
= 3 x 3 x 5 = 45 3 9, 45
3 3, 15
5 1, 5
1, 1

From these all cases, we can conclude that if the smallest number if the factor of largest
number, then the L.C.M. of these two numbers is equal to that of larger number.
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