ALLIED

ENGINEERING (Edition 2)
PUBLICATION

PERFORMANCE
REQUIREMENTS FOR
EXTERIOR TOPSIDES
COATINGS

EDITION 2

February 2009

DMS 1706311
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PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR

EXTERIOR TOPSIDES COATINGS

AEP-60
(Edition 2)

February 2009

I ORIGINAL
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NATION SPECIFICATION RESERVATIONS

IV ORIGINAL
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RECORD OF CHANGES

Change Date Effective By Whom

Date Entered Date Entered

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 - CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 1

CHAPTER 2 - CHAPTER 2 - SCOPE 1

CHAPTER 3 - CHAPTER 3 - NORMATIVE REFERENCES 1

CHAPTER 4 - CHAPTER 4 - DEFINITIONS 5

4.0 Cleaned surface (Cleanliness) 5

4.1 Coat 5

4.2 Corrosion 5

4.3 C5-M 5

4.4 Durability 5

4.5 Paint 5

4.6 Protective paint system 5

4.7 Substrate 5

4.8 Nominal dry film thickness (NDFT) 6

4.9 Dry film thickness (DFT) 6

4.10 Product data sheet (PDS) 6

4.11 Material safety data sheet (MSDS) 6

4.12 Qualification 6

4.13 Shelf life 6

4.14 Re-coatability 6

4.15 Maintenance aptitude 6

4.16 VOC (Volatile organic compound) 6

4.17 VOC Content (Volatile organic compound content) 6

4.18 Toxicological risk 7

4.19 Fire risk 7

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CHAPTER 5 - CHAPTER 5 - FIELD OF APPLICATION 7

5.1 Type of structures 7

5.2 Type of environment 7

5.3 Type of Durability 7

5.4 Type of paint works 8

5.5 Type of substrate and surface preparation 8

5.6 Type of paint product 9

CHAPTER 6 - CHAPTER 6 - REQUIREMENTS FOR QUALIFICATION 9

6.1 Document requirements 10

6.2 Basic requirements 10

CHAPTER 7 - CHAPTER 7 – REFERENCE AREAS 13

7.1 Preparation and conditioning of test panels 13

7.2 Performance test 14

7.3 Acceptance criteria 15

CHAPTER 8 - CHAPTER 8 - PAINT IDENTIFICATION 16

CHAPTER 9 - CHAPTER 9 - TEST REPORT 17

ANNEX 1 - TECHNICAL DATA SHEET

ANNEX 2 – SPECIFIC TEST METHODS

ANNEX 3 – NATURAL SITES OF EXPOSURE

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FORWARD

Through contacts with various navies it appeared that objectives are shared, in particular:

- increased dry-docking intervals ( between 6-10 years),

- reduction of maintenance works including crew labour.

These common objectives should succeed in reaching a high operational availability

combined with reduction in running costs.

The choice of the protective paint system has to be considered to fulfill the objectives and
to be translated in terms of durability and maintainability. In such a matter, the probable
optimum for many locations is to reach a durability superior to 15 years, i.e. corresponding
to H category of the standard EN-ISO 12944-1.

The choice of the protective paint system should be based on recognised performance
standards to be credible. However these do not exist at an International level in ISO and
CEN standardisation or within certification society’s rules. However, they often exist for
each navy where they were nationally developed.

Regarding the work in progress inside ISO and CEN organisations, it seems very unlikely
that the various ship locations will be covered by ISO or CEN performance standards. That
is why in such conditions it appears useful to develop APs recognizing naval qualification
conditions of protective paint systems for the various ship locations.

These APs will constitute internationally recognised documents and consequently will
contribute to promote a world wide market adapted to navies.

The interest of these standards is reinforced by the evolution of products under the
pressure of regulations regarding Health/Safety and the Environment (VOC, ,…..).

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CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION

The aim of this Allied Publication is to establish the minimum requirements for the
corrosion protection of ships exterior topsides. This is a specification for the approval of
paint systems and paints which have the following functions :

- corrosion control ( • 15 years)

- cosmetic (as required)

This document does not establish requirements for emissivity (IR), reflectance, or
absorbance of the top coat.

This Allied Publication represents the minimum performance standards acceptable for the
coating systems covered by this document.

CHAPTER 2 - SCOPE

This AP deals with the performance requirements for corrosion protection by protective
paint systems of ships exterior topsides and related structures exposed to the marine
atmosphere. Cosmetic coatings are designed to be repaired and over-coated through
system service life

This Standard deals with high durability protective paint systems for ships exterior topsides
and related structures. These structures are exposed to the corrosion category C5-M in
accordance with ISO 12944-2 with special stresses as given in § 4.3 and annex B of that
standard.

This Standard addresses :

- Laboratory performance test methods for assessment of the durability of the

protective paint system(s)
- Evaluation criteria for performance testing
- Test methods for the identification of the individual components of the protective
paint system
- Acceptance criteria

CHAPTER 3 - NORMATIVE REFERENCES

ISO 1247 Aluminium pigments for paints

ISO 1248 Iron oxide pigments (red oxide) for paints

ISO 1514 Paints and varnishes — Standard panels for testing

ISO 2114 Plastics (polyester resins) and paints and varnishes (binders) —
Determination of partial acid value and total acid value

ISO 2409 Paints and varnishes — Cross-cut test

ISO 2808 Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness.

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ISO 2810 Paints and varnishes - Natural weathering of coatings – exposure

and assessment

ISO 2811 (all parts) Paints and varnishes — Determination of density

ISO 3001 Plastics – Epoxy compounds – Determination of epoxy equivalent

ISO 3233 Paints and varnishes — Determination of percentage volume of non-

volatile matter by measuring the density of a dried coating

ISO 3251 Paints and varnishes — Determination of non-volatile matter of paints,

varnishes and binders for paints and varnishes

ISO 3270 Paints and varnishes and their raw materials — Temperatures and
humidities for conditioning and testing

ISO 3549 Zinc dust pigments for paints — Specifications and test methods

ISO 3678 Paint and varnishes – Paint-free test

ISO 3679 Paints, varnishes, petroleum and related products — Determination of

flashpoint — Rapid equilibrium method
ISO 3682 Determination of acid value – Titrometric method 2114

ISO 4618 Paints and varnishes - Terms and definitions

ISO 4624 Paints and varnishes — Pull-off test for adhesion

ISO 4628 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings -

Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect.
Part 1: General introduction and designation system
Part 2: Assessment of degree of blistering
Part 3: Assessment of degree of rusting
Part 4: Assessment of degree of cracking
Part 5: Assessment of degree of flaking
Part 6: Rating of degree of chalking by tape method
Part 7: Assessment of degree of chalking by velvet method
Part 8: Evaluation of corrosion around a scribe (ISO/DIS)
Part 10: Assessment of degree of filiform corrosion

ISO 4629 Binders for paints and varnishes — Determination of hydroxyl value —
Titrimetric method

ISO 6270 Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to humidity

(continuous condensation)

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ISO 6745 Zinc phosphate pigments for paints — Specifications and methods of
test

ISO 7253 Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to neutral salt

spray (fog)

ISO 7724 Paints and varnishes – Colorimetry

Part 1: Principles
Part 2: Colour measurement
Part 3: Calculation of colour differences

ISO 8044 Corrosion of metals and alloys — Basic terms and definitions

ISO 8501-1 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products — Visual assessment of surface cleanliness
Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel
substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous
coatings

ISO 8502 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paint and related
products – Tests for the assessment of cleanliness
Part 1: field test for soluble iron corrosion products
Part 3 : Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared for
painting
Part 4 : Probability of condensation prior to paint
Part 6 : Extraction of soluble contaminant for analysis – Bresle
method
Part 9 : Field method for conductometric determination of water
soluble salts

ISO 8503 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products — Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel
substrates
Part 1: Specifications and definitions for ISO surface profile
comparators for the assessment of abrasive blast-cleaned
surfaces
Part 2: Method for the grading of surface profile of abrasive blast-
cleaned steel — Comparator procedure

ISO 9223 Corrosion of metals and alloys – Corrosivity of atmospheres –

Classification

ISO 9514 Paints and varnishes - Determination of the pot-life of liquid systems

ISO 10601 Micaceous iron oxide pigments for paints — Specifications and test
methods

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ISO 11014-1 Safety data sheet for chemical products
Part 1: Content and order of sections

ISO 11507 Paints and varnishes — Exposure of coatings to artificial weathering —

Exposure to fluorescent UV and water

ISO 11890-1/-2 Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compounds

ISO 11908 Binders for paints and varnishes — Amino resins — General methods
of test

ISO 11909 Binders for paints and varnishes — Polyisocyanate resins — General
methods of test

ISO/CD 11998 Paints and varnishes - Determination of wet scrub resistance and
cleanability of coatings

ISO 12944 Paint and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by

protective paint systems
Part 1: General introduction
Part 2: Classification of environments
Part 5: Protective paint systems
Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods

ISO 14680 Paints and varnishes — Determination of pigment content —

Part 1: Centrifuge method
Part 2: Ashing method

ISO 19840 Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by

protective paint systems — Measurement of, and acceptance criteria
for, the dry film thickness on rough surfaces

EN 971-1 Paints and varnishes — Terms and definitions for coating materials
Part 1: General terms

EN 29117 Determination of through-dry state and through-dry time – method of

test

ASTM D 2372 Standard Practice for Separation of Vehicle from Solvent-Reducible

Paints

ASTM D 2572 Test method for isocyanate groups in urethane materials and
prepolymers

ASTM D 2621 Standard Test Method for Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids from
Solvent-Reducible Paints

ASTM D 3960 Standard practice for determining volatile organic compound (VOC)

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SSPC SP1 Solvent cleaning

NF T34-554 Système de peinture anti-corrosion. Stabilité dans le temps des

caractéristiques colorimétriques d’une peinture de finition pour ouvrage métallique

CHAPTER 4 - DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this agreement, the following terms and definitions apply.

NOTE : Some of the definitions have been taken from ISO 8044:1999, ISO 12944-1 or EN
971-1:1996 and ISO 4618, as indicated.

4.0 Cleaned surface (Cleanliness)

Surface from which the contaminants have been removed to a specified level

4.1 Coat
A continuous layer of a coating material resulting from a single application [ISO 4618]

4.2 Corrosion
Physico-chemical interaction between a metal and its environment that results in changes
in the properties of the metal and that may often lead to impairment of the function of the
metal, the environment or the technical system of which these form a part [ISO 8044]

4.3 C5-M
This is the very high marine corrosivity category, defined by standards ISO 12944-2, in
terms of the mass or thickness loss of standard specimens made of low-carbon steel
and/or zinc, after the first year of exposure. It corresponds to coastal and offshore areas
with high salinity.

4.4 Durability
The expected life of a protective paint system to the first major maintenance painting
[ISO 12944-1]. Durability in accordance of 12944-1 concerns only the anticorrosive
performances of the paint system and not the cosmetic behaviour of topcoat.

4.5 Paint
A pigmented coating material in liquid, in paste or powder form that, when applied to a
substrate, forms an opaque film having protective, decorative or specific technical
properties [ISO 4618].

4.6 Protective paint system

The sum total of the coats of paints or related products that are to be applied or have been
applied to a substrate to provide corrosion protection [ISO 12944-1].

4.7 Substrate
The surface to which the coating material is applied or is to be applied [ISO 4618].

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4.8 Nominal dry film thickness (NDFT)
The dry film thickness specified for each coat and the whole paint system to achieve the
required durability [ISO 12944-5].

4.9 Dry film thickness (DFT)

The thickness of a coating remaining on the surface when the coating has hardened.

4.10 Product data sheet (PDS)

A document designed to provide information on a specific paint product
NOTE 1: The type of information includes product uses, features, service properties,
application properties, application instructions, packaging information, and
information on storage and handling.
NOTE 2: See 5.4 for specific required minimum information.

4.11 Material safety data sheet (MSDS)

A document designed to provide information regarding the health and safety aspects of a
paint product or thinner
NOTE : The MSDS typically includes information concerning generic material
identification, hazardous ingredients, physical data, fire and explosion data,
health hazards, reactivity data, spill or leak procedures, special protection
requirements and other special precautions.

4.12 Qualification
A process for the evaluation of protective paint systems using test criteria which allow the
selection of suitable paint systems for distinct environmental exposure conditions

4.13 Shelf life

The period from the date of manufacture during which the paint can be transported and /
or stored in undamaged and unopened packaging without any influence on its application
or performance providing the ambient conditions are within the limits recommended by the
paint manufacturer, or otherwise agreed.
NOTE 1 : After exceeding this period, the paint is subject to re-inspection.

4.14 Re-coatability
Property of paint dry film (generally top coat) to receive a general coat, without
compatibility failure.

4.15 Maintenance aptitude

Aptitude of paint system to be repaired by maintenance paint system, including repair of
anticorrosive paint and topcoat.

4.16 VOC (Volatile organic compound)

Fundamentally, any organic liquid and/or solid that evaporates spontaneously at the
prevailing temperature and pressure with which it is in contact

4.17 VOC Content (Volatile organic compound content)

The mass of the volatile organic compounds present in a coating material, as determined
under specific conditions

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Note 1: The properties and the amount of the compounds to be taken into account will
depend on the field of application of the coating material. For each field of
application, the limiting values and the methods of determination or calculation are
stipulated by regulations or agreement.

Note 2: Under certain US governmental legislation, the term VOC is restricted solely to
those compounds that are photochemical active in the atmosphere (see ASTM D
3960). Any other compound is then defined as being an exempt compound.
[ISO 11890-1 adapted from ISO 4618-1]

4.18 Toxicological risk

Risks due to paint raw materials (pigments, binders, solvents, thinner…)

4.19 Fire risk

Risk due to flammable raw materials and application modes

CHAPTER 5 - FIELD OF APPLICATION

The field of application for which this AP is developed is characterised by:
- the type of structure,
- the environment
- the durability requirement
- the type of application
- the type of substrate and surface preparation,
- the type of paints

5.1 Type of structures

This AP concerns structures, exterior topsides of ships, made of Carbon Manganese
steels, other metallic materials or Glass Reinforced Plastic (resin fibreglass).
Not covered by this agreement are :
- steel cable structures
- functional surfaces like bearings
- rubber components

5.2 Type of environment

This AP deals with the atmospheric corrosivity category C5-M in accordance with ISO
12944-2.

5.3 Type of Durability

The corrosion protection of the paint system is of High Durability and must have a
minimum life expectancy of 15 years (ISO 12944-1). During this period, localized repairs
and general topcoat applications which are considered necessary for minor maintenance
should be undertaken. This work is considered as minor maintenance. During this period,
the level of the coating failure before the first major maintenance painting shall not exceed
25 % of each exterior topsides area. The high durability classification does not concern the
topcoat and his colorimetric and cosmetic properties.

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5.4 Type of paint works
The applications covered by this document are new building application or equivalent (total
removal of pre-existing coatings).
The new building paint system must be adapted to maintenance procedures such as
localized repairs (due to mechanical damages, weld burn, etc) and general topcoat
application.
No mechanical surface preparation shall be required for the general topcoat application.
The maintenance shall be carried out using a standard paint maintenance system.

5.5 Type of substrate and surface preparation

The major substrate of exterior topsides is steel, which may or may not have been
protected by shop primer (e.g. zinc rich primer, zinc ethyl silicate) at construction.
If used, shop primers are not considered as the first coat of paint system.
The description of surface preparation covers cleanliness, levels of contamination and
roughness .The surface preparations generally used for the different types of substrates
are :
Table 1 : Surface preparation

Nature of substrate Surface preparation Standardization

Steel A Sa 2½ ISO 8501-1

Sweep blast to remove gloss
Fibre reinforced composites
Sweep blast and optional solvent
Other metallic materials (copper
wipe
alloys, aluminium alloys, stainless
steel,)

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Table 2 : Cleanliness
For all types of substrate, the minimum level of cleanliness (contamination) before paints
application must meet the following criteria:

Criteria Minimum level Standardization

Dust Intensity : < 2 (Fig 1 of ISO 8502-3) ISO 8502-3 (*)
Size : ” 2 (Board 1 of ISO 8502-3)
Probability of condensation Relative humidity : ” 85 % ISO 8502-4 (*)
Substrate temperature t dew point + 3°C
Application temperature between + 5°C
and +35 °C
Oils and greases 0 ” (*) SSPC SP 1
Soluble salts ” 7 µg/cm² (Chloride equivalent ) ISO 8502-6/-9 (*)
(*) These specifications are standardized only for steel surfaces but may be used on
other types of substrates commonly encountered in building naval vessels (Steel,
GRP, copper and aluminium alloys, etc).

Roughness
The grade used is MG (Medium Grit) of the comparator procedure defined by ISO 8503-2.

5.6 Type of paint product

The generic types of paint widely used in paint systems for the protection of steel
structures against corrosion are described but not limited in ISO 12944-5.

Paints may be applied by brush, roller, or spray and dry at ambient temperatures in normal
shipyard condition, within the parameters specified for each paint.

CHAPTER 6 - REQUIREMENTS FOR QUALIFICATION

Requirements for paint systems submitted for the qualification approval are described in
the following items :

- Document requirements
- Basic requirements
- Qualification tests
- Paint identification

For the proposed paint system, the manufacturer shall prepare and submit documents in
accordance with 6.1.

Basic requirements for the paint system submitted for the qualification are listed in 6.2;
characteristics of paint system shall be in accordance with them.

The protective paint systems shall be performance tested in accordance with paragraph 7
and the individual paints comprising the system shall be identified in accordance with
paragraph 8.

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The chemical composition of the paints in the protective paint system shall be controlled
during and after the qualification process. Any change shall be noted and justified by the
manufacturer proving that such changes do not negatively affect the long-term properties
of the material (see appendix A 1.6). A product data sheet and material safety data sheet
shall be submitted for each modified paint.

6.1 Document requirements

At the time of qualification submission the paint system shall be identified by unique
nomenclature (system name, alpha/numeric identification) and also each individual
product constituting the system shall be identified by unique nomenclature (product name,
alpha/numeric identification, index of product formulation, chemical nature, colour, nominal
drying film thickness for each coat in µm).

The Manufacturer shall submit a technical file containing all of the following information
and documents:

x Technical data sheet of paint system including (see appendix A1.1)

x Fingerprint for each paint component of the paint system (see A.1.2)
x Technical data sheet for each paint component of the paint system (see A.1.3)
x Safety data sheet and labelling requirements for each paint; including VME, TLV
or MAC for each paint constituting the paint system (see A.1.4)
x Use references (see A.1.5)

6.2 Basic requirements

6.2.1 General objectives

Paint systems submitted for qualification shall have :
- Good anticorrosive performance in service life in very high marine corrosivity category
(C5--M) for minimum 15 years, without total removal ( see 5.3). During this period of
time it is supposed that the topcoat will be re-applied regularly (1 coat every 2-5 years)
- Good corrosion resistance on specific areas (edges, welds, anchor pattern, …)
- The primer of the paint system submitted shall be similar or compatible with the
anticorrosive paint system of the hull (joining between exterior top side and hull areas
paint system)
- Compatibility with standard maintenance paint system indicated by each nation
- Suitability for localized repair and general topcoat application
- Colour and gloss level of the topcoat shall be stable and resistant to soiling. The
minimum period of performance shall be 3 years.

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6.2.2 Requirements
Paint systems submitted for qualification shall have :

- Paint system architecture

Table 3

Metallic substrate
Nature of Primer Zinc rich Other
Number of coats (Primer) 1 •1
NDFT (µm) (Primer) • 40 • 60
Total Number of coats •3 •3
NDFT (µm) (1) • 200 (2) • 240 (2)
(1) Nominal Dry Film Thickness
(2) different from ISO 12944-5 which indicates 300and 350 µm

Table 4

Non Metallic substrate

Nature of Primer Other
Number of coats (Primer) 1
NDFT (µm) (Primer) • 40
Total Number of coats •2
NDFT (µm) (1) • 100
(1) Nominal Dry Film Thickness

- Paints constituting paint systems shall be applicable and shall dry in normal
atmospheric conditions :
- Relative Humidity : ” 85 %,
- Substrate temperature : t T dew point + 3°C,
- Environmental temperature for application : + 5°C ĺ +35 °C.

- Each paint shall be applied with brush, roller, or spray, with a mean dry thickness of at
least 1,5 times the specified NDFT (nominal dry film thickness) without defects.

- Dry hard time is maximum 16 hours (ISO 3678)

- Pot life : > 2 hours at 20°C (ISO 9514)

- Paints comprising the paint system submitted shall be in accordance with the national
regulations, minimum requirements for toxicological risk, fire risk, safety and health,
environment impact are given in the following table :

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Table 5

Criteria Primer and intermediate coat (1) Topcoat (1)

Toxicological risk (max.) Xi -
Fire risk (max.) Flammable -
VME, TLV, MAC (2) • 50 ppm • 100 ppm
VOC (target) 250 g/l (3) 250 g/l (3)

(1) For two component products, values are for the mixed and ready to use product
(2) VME : Minimum Value of exposition, TLV : Threshold Limit Value, MAC : Maximum
Allowable Concentration (in parts per million [ppm] or milligrams per cubic meter
[mg/m³])
(3) Target in accordance with national regulation

Adhesion of paint system is a minimum of 4 MPa and 3 MPa with zinc rich primer ( Pull off
test ISO 4624)

- Shelf life of each paint is at least 18 months (on delivery)

- Paints shall not exhibit on delivery or during shelf life: hard settling, skinning, phase
separation, corrosion of container, persistent foam after mix or other properties
indicating unfitness for use.

- Colour and gloss of different topcoats limited to grey colour, are given in the following
table
Table 6

Reference
Colour Colour chips Nation ǻǼ * ǻL * Specular Standard
reference gloss %0
(60 °)
Grey/blue AFNOR A625 F ”1 ± 0,7 > 60 ISO 7724 / -1
middle /–2 /-3
Dark grey/blue AFNOR A605 F ” 1,5 ± 0,7 > 60
Haze grey FED STD USA ”1 35 – 60
26270
Light BS 381C:676 UK ” 1,5 > 60 gloss
weatherwork units
grey
Grey KN 01020 NE - - -
Dark grey FED STD 595 IT 60 – 70
xxxxxx
Middle grey FED STD 595 IT 60 - 70
26373
Grey FED STD CA 45 – 60
595B, 16480
being changed
to 26480
Storm grey AS 2700 N42 AUS 12 - 18

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Grey RAL 7000 GE ” 1,5
Grey RAL 7012 GE ” 1,5
Grey FSD 7416 SE ” 1,5 ± 0,3 ”1
NB: The colour stability must be in accordance with the criteria given in this table, on
delivery and during shelf life

CHAPTER 7 – REFERENCE AREAS

7.1 Preparation and conditioning of test panels

Test panels: Type, size, number, preparation and conditioning of test panels are in
accordance with the ISO 12994-6 and the instructions of manufacturer of coating material.
If not otherwise agreed, the thickness of panels is 5 mm. These panels shall be in steel
complying with ISO 1514.

Surface preparation: The test panels shall be grit blasted to Sa 2½ (ISO 8501-1) and
using a non-metallic abrasive (inert slag). The surface profile of the test side of each panel
shall correspond to MG class (Medium grit) as defined in ISO 8503-1 and checked with
comparator as ISO 8503-2. Surface contaminant levels are : dust : ” 2 (ISO 8502-3), oils
and greases free (SSPC SP1), soluble salts ” 3µg/cm² (ISO 8502-6/-9).

Other surface preparation may be used to represent actual field conditions such as
hydrojetting, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and agreed by parties.

Application and curing: The panels shall be coated by spraying and strictly in
accordance with the latest manufacturer's written instruction.
Backside and edges of test panels shall be protected with an appropriate protection
agreed by parties.

Dry film thickness (DFT): For each layer, prior to overcoating, the DFT on test face
panels shall be measured at minimum 5 positions (centre and corners, 15 to 20 mm from
edges). Values of thickness (ISO 19840) shall be recorded as minimum, maximum and
average.
The thickness of each layer shall be
Ɠ From NDFT to 1,5 NDFT if NDFT ” 60 µm
Ɠ From NDFT to 1,25 NDFT if NDFT > 60 µm

Overcoating time: Overcoating time for each layer shall be conducted in accordance with
the paint manufacturer’s instructions. Deviated overcoating time shall be agreed between
parties involved and recorded in the test report.

Conditioning: The panels shall be conditioned under controlled temperature and humidity
as ISO 3270.

Scratch line: Scratch lines, when specified (see following table), shall cut through the
protective paint system down into the substrate. In accordance with ISO 12944-6 annex A,
these scratch lines shall be at least 50 mm long and 20 mm from any edges.

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Two types of scratch line are made on test panel.

Scribing machine (fig 1 Annex 2, Appendix 1) such as drill press with cobalt slot drills. In
such a case, a 2 mm width is recommended for the drill and shall be used for calculation of
undercutting with the formula given in annex A of ISO 12944-6 (use W = 2 mm).
This type of scratch line is made horizontally on one face of test panel, at the bottom (see
Annex 2, Appendix 1)

Manual scribing (fig 2 of Annex 2, Appendix 1) with a single blade cutting tool as
described in ISO 2409 subclass 4.1.1 In such a case, a 0.05 mm width shall be used for
calculation of the undercutting with formula given in annex A of ISO 12944-6 (use W= 0.05
mm)
This type of scratch line is made vertically on one face of test panel, on left side (fig 3)
The minimum distance between the 2 scratch lines is 10 mm (fig 3 of annex 2, Appendix 1)

7.2 Performance test

Before paint application on panels for performance tests, the applicability and storage
stability of paints are checked :

- Applicability : Each paint shall be applied by brush, roller, or spray, without runs and
sags to a vertical and smooth sheet metal with minimum area of 1 m², with a mean dry
thickness of at least 1,5 time the specified NDFT (nominal dry film thickness) See
Annex 2, Appendix 3.

- Storage stability: Paints shall not exhibit on delivery or during shelf life: hard settling,
skinning, , phase separation, corrosion of container, persistent foam after mix or other
properties indicating unfitness for use (see Annex 2, Appendix 4).

Table 7

PERFORMANCE TEST ON PAINT SYSTEM

N° NATURE DURATION STANDARD

1 Salt spray (1) 1440 h (ISO 12944-6) ISO 7253

2 Condensation 720 h (ISO 12944-6) ISO 6270

3 UV resistance 600 h (QUV) ISO –11507

4 Natural weathering for colour and gloss 12 months ISO 2810

stability
(see Appendix A3 - Table1for
suggested sites)

5 Natural ageing in C5-M environment At least 2 years ISO 12944-2, ISO 9223,
(see Appendix A3 - Table2 for ISO 2810
suggested sites) (1)

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6 Recoatability aptitude Annex 2, Appendix 2

7 Maintenance aptitude Annex 2, Appendix 2

8 Cleanability (2) 15 cycles ISO/CD 11998

Minimum 2 panels per test
(1) Scratch line, in accordance with Annex 2, Appendix 1. For test N° 1 and 5 scratch
line is made on a minimum of one panel
(2) Test 8 is optional

7.3 Acceptance criteria

Table 8

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
N° NATURE OF TEST Tests before Level before Level after qualification STANDARD
and after qualification tests tests
qualification
tests N°
1 Pull off test 1, 2, 5, 8 No adhesive • 50 % of original value ISO 4624
failure (only cohesive failure)
• 4 MPa or
• 3 MPa for paint
system with ZRP
2 Cross cut test (1) 1, 2, 5, 8 0 ”1 ISO 2409
3 Rusting from scratch line After - M < 1 mm (manual scribe ISO 12944-6
(ISO 12944-6 annex A) qualification with 0.05 mm width)
test N° 1, 5 M < 3 mm (scribing
machine with 2 mm
width)
4 Degradations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 No paint No failure ISO 4628
application and
Blistering drying defects 0 (S0)
Rusting 0 (Ri0)
Cracking, Flaking 0 (S0)
Chalking ”1
5 Colour and gloss stability 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 See acceptance See table 9 ISO 7724-1/-2
criteria in § 6.2.2 /-3
Total colour difference
ǻǼ *

Specular gloss (60 °)

ZRP : Zinc Rich Primer
(1) Not to be used when NDFT is over 250 ȝm

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TABLE 9 – COLOUR AND GLOSS ACCEPTANCE AFTER QUALIFICATION TESTS

Reference Acceptance criteria

Colour Nation ǻǼ * ǻL * ǻC Specular gloss Standard

% (60 °)
Storm grey AUS APAS 0501
Grey/blue middle F ” 7,0 • 50 % of NF T 34-554
original value
Dark grey/blue F ” 5,0 • 50 % of NF T 34-554
original value
Haze grey USA
Extra dark sea USA
grey
Grey RAL 7000 GE < 2,5 12 months
and RAL 7012 (Wilhelmshaven
exposure)
Light UK ” 2,0 • 70 % of ISO 7724 Parts 1, 2, 3
weatherwork original value ISO 2813
grey

CHAPTER 8 - PAINT IDENTIFICATION

Each paint constituting paint system submitted to the qualification process should be
checked according to the following tests (the different values are given by the paint
manufacturer) and reported in the form given by Annex 1, Appendix 2 :

Table 10

Tests Method reference " x value "

Density ISO 2811 x ± 0.05 g/cm3 (1)

Solids content (% by weight) ISO 3251 x ± 2.0 %

Ash content (% by weight) ISO 14680-2 (900 ± 20 °C) x ± 3.0 %

Pigment ( including extender) and ISO 14680-1 x ± 2.0 %

binder (% by weight)
ISO 3251

Infrared spectra of binder ASTM D 2372 Identical than reference

spectra
ASTM D 2621

Pigments contents (% by weight) x ± 1.0 %

Aluminium ISO 1247
Iron oxide (red oxide) ISO 1248

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Micaceous iron oxide ISO 10601
Zinc dust ISO 3549
Zinc phosphate ISO 6745
Characteristic index
Epoxy ISO 3001
x%
OH ISO 4629
x%
Acidic ISO3682 or ISO 2114
x%
Amine ISO 11908
x%
Isocyanate ISO 11909, ASTM D
x%
2572
Drying time EN 29117
Dry to touch ”xh
Hard time ”xh
Flash point ISO 3679 • x °C

Pot life EN ISO 9514 •xh

VOC EN ISO11890-1/-2
Anticorrosive paint ” x g/l
Topcoat ” x g/l
NB : For multi component products, tests are done on each component, where applicable.
(1) – For density greater than 2,0 g/ cm3 the relevant tolerance is ± 0,1 g/cm3 and lower than 1,0
g/cm3 relevant tolerance is ± 0,03 g/cm3
x - Value given by paint manufacturer

CHAPTER 9 - TEST REPORT

The test report shall contain at least the following information:

a) test laboratory (name and address)

b) date of tests
c) description of the protective paint system (see § 6.1)
d) environment where the protective paint system is applicable, and qualification tests
carried out
e) description of the preparation and conditioning of the test panels (see § 7.1)
f) assessment of the test panels before ageing
g) assessment of the test panels after ageing for each qualification test
h) any deviation from the test methods specified

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ANNEX 1
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET

Appendix 1 Technical data sheet of paint system

Appendix 2 Paint fingerprint (constituting paint system)
Appendix 3 Required product information
Appendix 4 Material safety data sheet of paints
Appendix 5 Use references
Appendix 6 System modifications

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APPENDIX 1 - PAINT SYSTEM
Name of paint system : (1) N° : (2)

FICHE TECHNIQUE D'APPLICATION DE GAMME

DESCRIPTION (3) : Paint system for the protection of ships exterior topsides EDITION : (4)

SURFACE PREPARATION : (6)

Steel plating (ISO 8501-3), Cleanliness (ISO 8501-1), Level of pollution [dust, humidity , oil, grease, soluble
salts](ISO 8502), Roughness (ISO 8503)
Paint must be applied in all cases to clean dry surface, free from contamination within the meaning of the
standard ISO 8502
Paint system Colour Number Dry thickness : per Weigh of Application Solid content Spreading rate Provisionin Application modes
of coats coat (µm) dry film Density by volume (m2/l) g prediction e (19)
Paint reference Data sheet Nom Min max (g/m2/c) (g/m2/c) (%) (l/m2/c) d B R P T E
reference . c
(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

Paint characteristics Contractual Dry thickness (µm) (20) Total weigh of dry paint system (g/m2) (21) Duration before service life : (22)

Paint Reference Name of products Drying Overcoating time at 20 Pt lifef minimum Flash Thinner
time (dry °C application Point
to touch) Minimum Maximum temperature (°C)
20 °C
(7) (23) (24) (25) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29)

REMARKS

c - For nominal Thickness, d - Average loss: § 30 % (indicative value), e- B : Brush, R: Roller, P: Gun, T: Trual, E: Electrostatic gun, f - Using time after mixing

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APPENDIX 2 - PAINT FINGERPRINT (constituting paint system)
Date of issue Base material Curing agent

Name of paint

Name of manufacturer

Batch number

Production date

Main parameters

Test method Test result Test result

Binder content (% by mass) ISO 3251 ± 2.0 % ± 2.0 %

Pigment content (% by mass) ISO 3251 and ISO ± 2.0 % ± 2.0 %

14680

Infrared spectra ASTM D 2372 and Identical to reference Identical to reference

D 2621 spectra spectra

Non-volatile matter (% by ISO 3251 ± 2.0 % ± 2.0 %

mass)

Density ISO 2811 ± 0.05 g/cm3 ± 0.05 g/cm3

Ash ISO 14680-2 ± 3.0 % ± 3.0 %

Optional parameters

Pigment content (% by mass) ± 1.0 % ± 1.0 %

Aluminium ISO 1247
Iron oxide ISO 1248
Micaceous iron oxide ISO 10601
Zinc dust ISO 3549
Zinc phosphate ISO 6745
Content of functional groups
Epoxy ISO 3001
OH ISO 4629
Acidic ISO 3682 or ISO 2114
Amine ISO 11908
Isocyanate ISO 11909

The binder properties (infrared spectra and content of functional groups) are determined after
separation of the resin from the pigment and solvent. Many other additional tests could be useful in
characterizing more precisely the components of paint

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APPENDIX 3 - PAINT TECHNICAL DATA SHEET

At least the following information, in addition to the material Safety data sheet, shall be
provided with each product submitted to qualification procedure

Date of issue
Name of the product
Name of manufacturer
Generic name for the paint
Generic name for curing agent
Generic name for each additional component
Colour of coating material
Mixing ratio
Mixing instructions (including the induction time)
Shelf life under the recommended storage conditions
Non-volatile matter by volume of mixed product (ISO 3233)
Density of mixed product (ISO 2811)
Pot life
Flash point of each separate component
Drying time
Time to full curing
Recommended thinner
Flash point of the recommended thinner
Maximum quantity of thinner allowed for application
Surface preparation (ISO 8501-1) and profile (ISO 8503)
Recommended application mode
Mini and maxi over-coating time
Recommended mini and maxi drying time in accordance with
environmental temperature
Solvent for cleaning
Application conditions (temperature, RH)
VOC
Reference to the material safety data sheet
Theoretical spreading rate

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APPENDIX 4 - MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Safety data sheet format is in accordance with the regulation of the nation (16 items in EU
regulation) or ISO 11014-1. Manufacturer is responsible for the information on their data
sheet. The user of a paint product must verify the validity of the safety data sheet.

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APPENDIX 5 - USE REFERENCES

Date of issue
Name of manufacturer
Name of paint system
Description of paint system (name and number of coat,
thickness)
Name of the structure where the paint system is applied
Date of paint system application
Environmental conditions of the structure
Paints and coat thickness on structure
Locations
General behaviour of paint system (date)
Failures (rusting, blistering, cracking, chalking, …..)
Adhesive properties of paint system on structure
Others tests or checking done on the structure coated by
paint system)
Works of maintenance (nature, paint quantity, area, date, ..)

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APPENDIX 6 - SYSTEM MODIFICATIONS

Designation (1) Edition

Manufacturer (2) (3)

Formula index (4) Date of (5)

formulation

New index of (6) New Date (7)

formulation of
formulation

Nature of the deviation (8)

Reasons (9)

Analysis of (10)
consequences

Qualification tests done (11)

Use References for the (12)

new product

Conclusions (13)

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ANNEX 2 - SPECIFIC TEST METHODS

Appendix 1 Scratch-lines
Appendix 2 Re-coatability and maintenance aptitude
Appendix 3 Applicability test
Appendix 4 Storage stability

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Appendix 1 Scratch-lines 20 to 30° incl.

2 mm

0,05 mm
steel

Manual scribing
Scribing machine (ISO 12944 - annexe A)
Figure 1 Figure 2

20 mm

20 mm

20 mm

Manual scribing
(ISO 12944-6)

20 mm

10 mm 20 mm

Mechanical scribing

Test panel with two scratch-lines -

figure 3

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APPENDIX 2 - METHOD OF VALUATION FOR RE-COATABILITY
AND MAINTENANCE APTITUDE

1- SCOPE
The aim of this method is to describe the different tests to value the re-coatability aptitude
for topcoat and the maintenance aptitude of paint system (submitted for qualification
process) by re-coating with a standard maintenance paint system.

2 – FIELD OF APPLICATION
This method cover all types of paint systems

3 - TEST PROCEDURE
Flow Diagram of test steps

1 - Panels surface preparation

2 - Paint or Paint system application submitted for qualification

3 - Conditioning

4 - Ageing of Paint system submitted for qualification

Re-coatability Maintenance aptitude

5 - Standard maintenance topcoat or topcoat (of 5 - Standard maintenance paint system

paint system submitted) application on ageing application on ageing system
system

6 - Conditioning
6 - Conditioning

7 – Condensation test

7 - Behaviour valuation for re-coatability 8 - Behaviour valuation for maintenance

aptitude aptitude

Operating details of each step are given in the following paragraphs of this method.

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3.1 - PANELS AND SURFACE PREPARATION
Theses panels must be steel E 24 quality and sized in accordance with a good realization
and a good reproducibility of the tests (e.g. : 250 x 150 x 4 mm)
The surface preparation of panels is in accordance with the technical data sheet of the
paint system submitted for qualification. If levels of surface preparation are not specified
the following levels are used :
- Visual cleanliness : A Sa 2½ (ISO 8501-1),
- Roughness : MG (ISO 8503),
- Surface pollution (ISO 8502) :
Chlorides < 3 µg/cm2,
Dust < 2,
Oil, grease 0.

3.2 – PAINT APPLICATION

Paint or paint systems, submitted for qualification, are applied in accordance with the
technical data sheet requirements of the paint manufacturer. Schemes of application are
shown on page 2.7 for re-coatability aptitude and page 2.8 for maintenance aptitude.
Nominal dry film thickness (NDFT), and application conditions are those given in the paint
manufacturer’s data sheet.

3.3 – PANELS CONDITIONING BEFORE AGEING

After paint application or paint system application, panels are conditioned during 21 days
under monitored conditions : temperature 23 °C r 2 °C and relative humidity 50 r 5 %.

3.4 – PAINT SYSTEM AGEING

Panels coated with a paint system submitted for the qualification process are aged by
natural and / or artificial exposure to obtain an “old paint system”.
After ageing period panels are cleaned with distilled water, dried and conditioned for 48
hours under the following conditions: temperature 23 °C r 2°C and relative humidity 50 r
5 %.

3.4.1 – Ageing for re-coatability aptitude

Panels coated with a paint system submitted for the qualification process are aged by
artificial curing for 1 month under the following conditions: temperature 50 °C r 2 °C and
relative humidity 50 r 5 %.

3.4.2 – Ageing for maintenance aptitude : 2 options

NATURAL AGEING :
Panels coated with a paint system submitted for the qualification process are aged for 1
year in a C 5M marine environment

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ARTIFICIAL CURING :
Panels coated with a paint system submitted for the qualification process are cured for 1
month (50 °C, 50 % RH)

3.5 – MAINTENANCE TOPCOAT OR MAINTENANCE PAINT SYSTEM APPLICATION

On aged primer, and aged paint system panels, the maintenance paint system is applied
in accordance with the manufacturer’s technical data sheet. The standard topcoat or
standard maintenance paint system is described by each nation.
At this step, all problems during application and drying are noted (softening, lifting, raising,
peeling, swelling, discolouring, bleeding…).

3.6 – PANEL CONDITIONING BEFORE TEST

After application of topcoat or paint system on aged primer or aged paint system, panels
are conditioned for 21 days under following conditions: temperature 23 °C r 2 °C and
relative humidity 50 r 5 %.

3.7 – CONDENSATION TEST FOR VALUATION TO MAINTENANCE APTITUDE

The test used for valuation to maintenance aptitude is ISO 6270 – Water condensation
(240h)

3.8 – BEHAVIOUR VALUATION AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

3.8.1 – Visual examination

Failures observed by visual examination are noted during and after tests, in accordance
with ISO 4628.

3.8.2 – Pull off test (EN ISO 24624)

Pull off test is carried out on 3 areas of panels and compared to reference panel.

3.8.3 – Cross cut test (EN ISO 2409)

Cross cut test is carried out on one area of panel in accordance with ISO 2409 and
thickness of paint system

3.8.4 – Acceptance criteria

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

RE-COATABILITY APTITUDE MAINTENANCE APTITUDE

Visual examination No failure No failure

(1)
Blistering, bleeding, blushing, peeling, or Blistering, bleeding, blushing,
other defects peeling, or other defects

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Pull Off Test No adhesive failure between old system and No adhesive failure between old
new coat system and new coat

¾ > 3 Mpa ¾ > 3 Mpa

¾ > 0,7 reference value ¾ > 0,7 reference value

Cross Cut Test ” 1 (between old system and new ” 1 (between old system and
coat) new coat)
(1) – During and after application, drying, conditioning phases

4 – TEST REPORT

Test report includes reference to this AP and the following indications:

x Identification of paint products and paint systems

x Substrate characteristics
x Conditions of application, drying, de conditioning
x Coats and paint system Thickness and measurement method
x Test conditions and all differences with this document
x Type and reference apparatus
x Results in accordance with the different standards
x Operating details not written in this document.

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A – Test procedure for re-coatability aptitude

1 - Surface preparation (§ 3.1)

2 - Application of paint system submitted to qualification (§ 3.2)

Primer
Topcoat

3 - Conditioning (§ 3.3)
21 days, 23°C, RH 50 %

4 - Ageing (§ 3.4.1)
Artificial curing 1 month, 50°C, 50 % RH 1 month, 50°C, RH 50 %

5 – Application of maintenance paint (§ 3.5)

Same topcoat
Standard topcoat

(See paragraph 3 of the

general document)

6 - Conditioning (§ 3.6) 21 days, 23 °C, RH 50 %

7 – Behaviour valuation (§ 3.8)

Note failures occurred during phase application or drying.

Pull off test is made on panels obtained at the end of
step 3 (as reference) and at the end of step 6 for same
topcoat and standard topcoat

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B – TEST PROCEDURE FOR MAINTENANCE APTITUDE
1 - Surface preparation (§ 3.1)

2 - Application of paint system submitted to qualification (§ 3.2)

Primer
Topcoat

3 - Conditioning (§ 3.3)
21 days , 23°C, RH 50 %

4 – Ageing (§ 3.4.2)
Natural ageing: 1 year in C5M marine environment
N.A. : 1 Year
Artificial curing: 1 month 50°C , 50% RH
A.A. : 1 month

5 – Application of Maintenance standard paint system (§ 3.5)

Primer (See appendix 3

Topcoat of the general document)

6 – Conditioning (§ 3.6)
21 days, 23°C, RH 50 %

7 – Condensation test (§ 3.7) 240 h ISO 6270

8 – Behaviour valuation (§ 3.8)

Note failures occurred during phase application or drying.

No rusting, blistering, cracking,or other defects after cycle test (step 7)
Pull off test is made on panels obtained at the end of
step 3 (as reference) and at the end of step 7

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APPENDIX 3 - APPLICABILITY TEST

Each coat of the paint system submitted for qualification shall be applied by brush, roller,
or spray, without runs and sags to vertical and smooth sheet metal with minimum area of 1
m², with a mean dry thickness of at least 1,5 time the specified NDFT (nominal dry film
thickness) ; test temperature is 20°C. Paints are applied in accordance with technical data
sheet conditions of paint manufacturer.

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APPENDIX 4 - Storage stability

Paints shall not exhibit on delivery or during shelf life: hard settling, skinning, phase
separation, corrosion of container, persistent foam after mix or other properties indicating
unfitness for use.

- [This is evaluated by the accelerated storage stability method :

A previously unopened original container of paint, after exposure to a temperature
of 60°C for 30 days) shall readily mix with a mechanical mixer within 5 minutes to
a smooth uniform condition.
Paint shall be free of grit, seed, tough or gummy sediment, skin, hard pigment
settling and persistent foam.
Paint aged by this method shall not vary from the required applicability characteristics
(application condition, NDFT, drying time, colour, gloss…)

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ANNEX 3 - NATURAL SITES OF EXPOSURE

Table 1 – Colour and gloss stability

Nation Location of the exposure site Exposure Duration Contact (Organization, address,
(colour stability) phone e-mail)
USA NRL Key-West 12 months Naval Research Laboratory, 4555
Overlook Ave S.W. Washington
DC 20375
CAN Victoria BC 12 months 1-250-363-2849
ITA La Spezia – Mar Ligure 12 months MARIPERMAN I.C.A. Viale S.
Bartolomeo
19100 LA SPEZIA
+ 39.0187.787203
SWE Bohus-Malmön (west coast) 12 months for FMW : KESkyddS, Bane’rg.62,
alkyde 115 88 Stockholm Sweden
24 months for + 46 8 7826156,
urethane
FRA Florida 12 months Sub Tropical Testing Service Fax
00.1.305.233.53.42
DEU Bavarian Alps, Reiteralpe, 1640 12 months Wehrtechnische Dienststelle für
m above sea level Sprengmittel und Sondertechnik,
Oberjettenberg, D-83458
Schneizlreuth,
c/o tel. 0049/8651/79/1220,
fax 0049/8651/1600

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Table 2 - Natural site for ageing

Nation Location of the site (Natural Exposure contact (Organization, address,

ageing in C5-M corrosivity of Duration phone e-mail)
environment class ISO 9223 and
ISO 12944-2)
USA NASA Kennedy Space Center 2 years Naval Research Laboratory, 4555
Overlook Ave S.W. Washington
DC 20375.

CAN Victoria BC 2 years 1-250-363-2849

SWE Bohus-Malmön (west coast) 1 year for alkyd FMW : KESkydd, Bane’rg.62, 115
5 years for 88 Stockholm Sweden
urethane + 46 8 7826156,

FRA Pippady - Toulon 2 years (min) ISITV – La Valette 83

phone 33.1.94.14.25.68
FRA Brest 2 years (min) Institut de la Corrosion
Technopôle de Brest Iroise
220, rue Pierre Rivoalon
29200 Brest (France)
T: +33. 2. 98 .05. 15. 52
F: +33 .2 .98. 05 .08 .94
DEU Wilhelmshaven, north sea, sea dike 2 years Wehrwissenschaftliches Institut für
area Werk-, Explosiv- und
Betriebsstoffe,
Marinearsenal Wilhelmshaven, D-
26379 Wilhelshaven, c/o
tel. 0049/4421/49/3450,
fax…/3456 or
tel. 0049/8122/9590-3620,
fax…/3602

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