Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

SMAW
Quarter 1 Week 5 Module 5

Safe
Welding
Practices
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 HOW DO YOU USE THIS MODULE?

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you
while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the
objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this
module.

2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances learning
that is important to develop and keep in mind.

3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.

4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer keycard. 5.
Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.

6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings and skills
did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.
• Check your Understanding- It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire module.

1
LESSON 1 – WELD CARBON STEEL PLATES IN FLAT POSITION (1F)

LESSON 2 - WELD CARBON STEEL PLATES IN HORIZONTAL POSITION (2F)

EXPECTATION:
1. Perform stringer or layered beads in accordance with welding standards.
2. Observe uniformity of bead ripples in accordance with welding standards.
3. Observe weld capping/ final pass not exceeding allowable tolerances
specified by welding codes/ standards.
4. Conducts visual inspection on the finished weldment in accordance with
welding standards.
5. Use appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
6. Perform proper housekeeping (5S).

PRE-TEST:

1. Personal Protective Equipment having a plate as protection in foot from

punctured hazard?
a. steel toe-cap footwear
b. nitrile footwear
c. vinyl footwear
d. mid-sole steel footwear
2. Which of the following is not a normal precautionary measure?
a. clean tools and machines after using them
b. keep flammable materials always when working
c. remove watches, bracelets while working
d. sharpen tools properly for work efficiency
3. To protect bystanders, translucent welding curtains often surround the
welding area often called as
a. cloth curtains c. Polyvinyl chloride
b. fiber glass d. Filter paper
4. A head shield has the advantage over a hand shield because
a. it is handy to put on and remove
b. it could be swung to any direction
c. it is designed for the head
d. it could be swung upward

2
 5. Welding produce smoke of various types, which in some cases can
lead to medical conditions like
a. Hypertension
b. Metal fume fever
c. Arthritis
d. Rheumatism

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

There are several hazards central to welding that must be accounted for
in welders' training, equipment, and set-up for a job. These include electric
shock, welding fumes, fire, and injuries that can be caused by wearing PPE
that is not sufficient to protect against the level of hazard encountered during
the task. Most welding equipment has a voltage that presents a risk of electric
shock. "The most common type of electric shock is secondary voltage shock
from an arc welding circuit, which ranges from 20 to 100 volts. Bear in mind
that even a shock of 50 volts or less can be enough to injure or kill an operator,
depending on the conditions," an article OH&S published three years ago
pointed out.
Exposure to welding fumes and gases is a primary hazard. Welders must be
acquainted with safety data sheets for the welding consumable products they

3
are using, as well as the use of ventilation to ensure exposures are minimized.
Permissible exposure limits come into play here, limits established by OSHA
and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Welders
rely on respiratory protection, ventilation, and a variety of products for fume
extraction.

LO 1.Weld carbon steel plates in flat position (1F)

LO 2. Weld carbon steel plates in horizontal position (2F)

Objectives:
1. Perform stringer or layered beads in accordance with welding
standards.
2. Observe uniformity of bead ripples in accordance with welding
standards.
3. Observe weld capping/ final pass not exceeding allowable
tolerances specified by welding codes/ standards.
4. Conducts visual inspection on the finished weldment in
accordance with welding standards.
5. Use appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
6. Perform proper housekeeping (5S).

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:

Welding safety starts with an understanding of what could go wrong, and

preparation for when it does. Risks include electric shock, injuries related in
inhalation of toxic fumes, eye injury and skin burns. To start, protective
clothing and equipment must be worn during all welding operation including
helmets and shields.
For arc welding, the electric arc is a very powerful source of light, including
visible, ultraviolet, and infrared. During all electric welding processes,
operators must use safety goggles and a hand shield or helmet equipped with a
suitable filter glass to protect against the intense ultraviolet and infrared rays.
When others are in the vicinity of the electric welding processes, the area must
be screened so the arc cannot be seen either directly or by reflection from glass
or metal.
During all oxyacetylene welding and cutting processes, operators must use
safety goggles to protect the eyes from heat, glare, and flying fragments of hot
metals.

4
Also be sure to keep MSDS sheets (Material Safety Data Sheets) for all
hazardous materials. Every manufacturer provides MSDS sheets to keep you
informed regarding any potential hazards, such as if a respirator is needed
when working on a project.
Welding safety starts with having the right protective gear. This includes:
• Respirator/Welders Mask: There are multiple types of respirators. Buy
the one that is made for welders and the type of projects you will be
performing. If purchasing a mask with a filter, match the filter to the
types of metals and coatings used.
• Keep the area clean and check any gasses for signs of leaks.
• Ventilation: All welding areas should have proper ventilation. Check
with OSHA for the up to date standards. Poor ventilation leads to “plume
poisoning”. If you suspect that be inhaled a toxic plume seek medical
help immediately.
• Storage: All flammables should be stored in a flammable liquids locker.

• Eye protection: welding eye protection protects against injuries from

debris and from the effects of the ultraviolet light.

• Different types of helmets are made to protect you when performing

different types of welding. These vary by shade number, having
a passive or auto-darkening lens (automatically adjusts to welding rays)
and comfort/fit.
• Fire protection: Sparks created during the welding process can start
fires. For welding Class C extinguishers are often used since these are for
electrical fires. Sand and water can also help to extinguish fires.
• Protective Clothing: All skin areas need to be protected to protect against
molten metal and sparks. This includes:
• Long sleeve shirts
• Pants that cover the tops of shoes
• Gloves
• shoes or boots
• Hair is protected with something called a welders beanie
• Leather jackets are also effective for protection from slag and
sparks
• Leather aprons provide some protection when sitting down
• Shoe covers called spats protect shoes, something helpful if you
are working on a project that produces sparks and slag (molten metal)

Welding Safety Tip: Use pliers when handling metals. If you believe a metal is
cool, use the back of the hand and slowing bring it closer to the metal. You’ll
feel the heat as you get closer if it is too hot to handle.

5
 • Prepare for Accidents: Keep a first aid kit on hand that includes
bandages and burn spray. Consider an option that exceeds ANSI
(American National Standards Institute) and OSHA guidelines such as a
first aid kit.

Welding arcs are intensely brilliant lights.

They contain a proportion of ultraviolet light which may cause eye damage.

For this reason, the arc should never be viewed with the naked eye within a
distance of 50.0 ft (15.2 m).

The brilliance and exact spectrum, and therefore the danger of the light,
depends on the welding process, the metals in the arc, the arc atmosphere, the
length of the arc, and the welding current.

Operators, fitters, and those working nearby need protection against arc
radiation.

The intensity of the light from the arc increases with increasing current and arc
voltage.

Arc radiation, like all light radiation, decreases with the square of the distance.

Those processes that produce smoke surrounding the arc have a less bright arc
since the smoke acts as a filter.

The spectrum of the welding arc is similar to that of the sun. Exposure of the
skin and eyes to the arc is the same as exposure to the sun.

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Being closest, the welder needs a helmet to protect his eyes and face from
harmful light and particles of hot metal.

The welding helmet is generally constructed of a pressed fiber insulating

material.
It has an adjustable headband that makes it usable by persons with different
head sizes.

To minimize reflection and glare produced by the intense light, the helmet is
dull black in color.

It fits over the head and can be swung upward when not welding. The chief
advantage of the helmet is that it leaves both hands free, making it possible to
hold the work and weld at the same time.

The hand-held shield provides the same protection as the helmet but is held in
position by the handle.

This type of shield is frequently used by an observer or a person who welds for
a short period of time.

The protective welding helmet has lens holders used to insert the cover glass
and the filter glass or plate.

Standard size for the filter plate is 2 x 4-1/4 in. (50 x 108 mm). In some
helmets lens holders open or flip upwards.

Lenses are designed to prevent flash burns and eye damage by absorption of
the infrared and ultraviolet rays produced by the arc.

The filter glasses or plates come in various optical densities to filter out various
light intensities, depending on the welding process, type of base metal, and the
welding current.

The color of the lens, usually green, blue, or brown, is an added protection
against the intensity of white light or glare.

Colored lenses make it possible to clearly see the metal and weld. . A magnifier
lens placed behind the filter glass is sometimes used to provide clear vision.

A cover plate should be placed outside the filter glass to protect it from weld
spatter.

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The filter glass must be tempered so that is will not break if hit by flying weld
spatter.

Filter glasses must be marked showing the manufacturer, the shade number,
and the letter “H’ indicating it has been treated for impact resistance.

Value Priced Welding Helmet

Gas Metal-Arc Welding Helmets

Gas metal-arc (MIG) welding safety requires darker filter lenses than shielded
metal-arc (stick) welding.
The intensity of the ultraviolet radiation emitted during gas metal-arc welding
ranges from 5 to 30 times brighter than welding with covered electrodes.

Do not weld with cracked or defective shields because penetrating rays from
the arc may cause serious burns.

Be sure that the colored glass plates are the proper shade for arc welding.
Protect the colored glass plate from molten metal spatter by using a cover
glass.

Replace the cover glass when damaged or spotted by molten metal spatter.

Face shields must also be worn where required to protect eyes. Welders must
wear safety glasses and chippers and grinders often use face shields in addition
to safety glasses.

In some welding operations, the use of mask-type respirators is required.

Helmets with the “bubble” front design can be adapted for use with respirators.

See our page on arc welding safety for helmet lens and plate thickness by
application tables.

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Safety Goggles

Welding safety goggles – Shown: Soft Side Welding

Safety Goggles by Hardware World

During all-electric welding processes, operators must wear safety goggles.

Safety goggles protect your eyes from weld spatter which occasionally gets
inside the helmet.

These clear goggles also protect the eyes from slag particles when chipping and
hot sparks when grinding.

Contact lenses should not be worn when welding or working around welders.

Tinted safety glasses with side shields are recommended, especially when
welders are chipping or grinding. Those working around welders should also
wear tinted safety glasses with side shields.

Protective Clothing

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Protective Clothing includes welding gloves, coat, sleeves, and leg protection

Personnel exposed to the hazards created by welding, cutting, or brazing

operations shall be protected by personal protective equipment in accordance
with OSHA standards, Subpart I, Personal Protective Equipment, paragraph
1910.132.

The appropriate protective clothing required for any welding operation will vary
with the size, nature, and location of the work to be performed.

Welders should wear work or shop clothes without openings or gaps to prevent
arc rays from contacting the skin.

Those working close to arc welding should also wear protective clothing.
Clothing should always be kept dry, including gloves.

Woolen clothing should be worn instead of cotton since wool is not easily
burned or damaged by weld spatter and helps to protect the welder from
changes in temperature.

Cotton clothing, if used, should be chemically treated to reduce its

combustibility.

All other clothing, such as jumpers or overalls, should be reasonably free from
oil or grease.

Flameproof aprons or jackets made of leather, fire resistant material, or other

suitable material should be worn for protection against spatter of molten metal,
radiated heat, and sparks.

Capes or shoulder covers made of leather or other suitable materials should be

worn during overhead welding or cutting operations.

Leather skull caps may be worn under helmets to prevent head burns.

Sparks may lodge in rolled-up sleeves, pockets of clothing, or cuffs of overalls

and trousers.

Therefore, sleeves and collars should be kept buttoned and pockets should be
eliminated from the front of overalls and aprons.

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Trousers and overalls should not be turned up on the outside. For heavy work,
fire-resistant leggings, high boots, or other equivalent means should be used.

In production work welding safety, a sheet metal screen in front of the worker´s
legs can provide further protection against sparks and molten metal in cutting
operations.

Welding Jacket – Flame Resistant Welding Jacket with

Adjustable Cuff and Waist Straps. Shown: Black Stallion BSX® FR Welding
Jacket

Weld safety gloves for Mig and Stick welding.

Stitched with flame-resistant Kevlar. Shown: Black Stallion BSX® Stick/MIG
Welding Gloves

Flameproof gauntlet gloves, preferably of leather, should be worn to protect the

hands and arms from rays of the arc, molten metal spatter, sparks, and hot
metal.

Leather gloves should be of sufficient thickness so that they will not shrivel
from the heat, burn through, or wear out quickly.

Leather gloves should not be used to pick up hot items, since this causes the
leather to become stiff and crack.

Do not allow oil or grease to come in contact with the gloves as this will reduce
their flame resistance and cause them to be readily ignited or charred.

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Protective Equipment
Protective equipment is at the heart of any welding safety plan. Where there is
exposure to sharp or heavy falling objects or a hazard of bumping in confined
spaces, hard hats or head protectors must be used.

For welding and cutting overhead or in confined spaces, steel-toed boots and
ear protection must also be used.

For welding safety in any area, the operation should be adequately screened to
protect nearby workers or passers-by from the glare of welding.

The screens should be arranged so that no serious restriction of ventilation

exists. The screens should be mounted so that they are about 2.0 ft above the
floor unless the work is performed at such a low level that the screen must be
extended closer to the floor to protect adjacent workers.

The height of the screen is normally 6.0 ft (1.8 m) but may be higher depending
upon the situation.

Screen and surrounding areas must be painted with special paints that absorb
ultraviolet radiation yet do not create high contrast between the bright and
dark areas.

Light pastel colors of a zinc or titanium dioxide base paint are recommended.
Black paint should not be used.

Fire Hazards
The fire prevention welding safety and protection plan is the responsibility of
welders, cutters, and supervisors.

Approximately six percent of the fires in industrial plants are caused by cutting
and welding which has been done primarily with portable equipment or in
areas not specifically designated for such work.

The elaboration of basic precautions to be taken for fire prevention during

welding or cutting is found in the Standard for Fire Prevention in Use of
Cutting and Welding Processes, National Fire Protection Association Standard
51B, 1962.

Some of the basic welding safety precautions for fire prevention in welding or
cutting work are given below.

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During the welding and cutting operations, sparks and molten spatter are
formal which sometimes fly considerable distances.

Sparks have also fallen through cracks, pipe holes, or other small openings in
floors and partitions, starting fires in other areas which temporarily may go
unnoticed.

For these reasons, welding or cutting should not be done near flammable
materials unless every precaution is taken to prevent ignition.

Hot pieces of base metal may come in contact with combustible materials and
start fires.

Fires and explosions have also been caused when heat is transmitted through
walls of containers to flammable atmospheres or to combustibles within
containers.

Anything that is combustible or flammable is susceptible to ignition by cutting

and welding.

When welding or cutting parts of vehicles, the oil pan, gasoline tank, and other
parts of the vehicle are considered fire hazards and must be removed or
effectively shielded from sparks, slag, and molten metal.

Whenever possible, flammable materials attached to or near equipment

requiring welding, brazing, or cutting will be removed. If removal is not
practical, a suitable shield of heat resistant material should be used to protect
the flammable material.

Fire extinguishing equipment, for any type of fire that may be encountered,
must be present.

Safety When Welding In Confined Space

Welding safety in confined spaces has its own set of challenges. A confined
space is intended to mean a relatively small or restricted space such as a tank,
boiler, pressure vessel, or small compartment of a ship or tank.

When welding or cutting is being performed in any confined space, the gas
cylinders and welding machines shall be left on the outside. Before operations
are started, heavy portable equipment mounted on wheels shall be securely
blocked to prevent accidental movement.

13
Where a welder must enter a confined space through a manhole or other all
opening, means will be provided for quickly removing him in case of emergency.
When safety belts and life lines are used for this purpose, they will be attached
to the welder´s body so that he cannot be jammed in a small exit opening.

An attendant with a preplanned rescue procedure will be stationed outside to

observe the welder at all times and be capable of putting rescue operations into
effect.

When arc welding is suspended for any substantial period of time, such as
during lunch or overnight, all electrodes will be removed from the holders with
the holders carefully located so that accidental contact cannot occur.

The welding machines will be disconnected from the power source.

In order to eliminate the possibility of gas escaping through leaks or improperly

closed valves when gas welding or cutting, the gas and oxygen supply valves
will be closed, the regulators released, the gas and oxygen lines bled, and the
valves on the torch shut off when the equipment will not be used for a
substantial period of time.

Where practical, the torch and hose will also be removed from the confined
space.

After welding operations are completed, the welder will mark the hot metal or
provide some other means of warning other workers.

HOUSEKEEPING

Housekeeping in the welding shop environment is a key feature that all shops
should possess. Without an organized shop many things we don't want to
happen could occur. Cleaning up our shop area is just as important as making
a good weld. Someone who takes pride in their work also takes pride in their
work environment. Many shops have a lot of stuff stored in and around the
shop, it's been there for years and is rarely used. Some shops have so much
stuff in it you can barely move around or find anything. Other shops or well-
organized and everything has a place and everything is in its place. Which one
of these descriptions describes the shop or work environment you populate?

A well organized shop saves time money and effort in many different ways.
First, if the materials for fabrication are stored properly, it easy and quick to
locate the proper material that we need to fabricate any project that we might
want to build. Also if the shops material is well-organized it makes it very easy
14
for the shop supervisor, project manager or plant manager to inventory the
materials and see what's present. Understanding what is there what is
available and in what sizes and thicknesses will help eliminate duplicate
material orders for something we already have in stock.

Also when it comes time to build the project the layout person, fitter or welder
can easily and rapidly find the material required by the blueprint or technical
drawing. Since labor is the most expensive component of fabricating most
projects this savings of labor could amount to a large savings for the shop,
possibly hundreds or thousands of dollars.

Since safety is a key component of everything we do in the welding world,

housekeeping is just as critical to safety as wearing safety glasses, the proper
clothing, boots, face and eye protection. Having our tools, equipment, hoses,
cords, welding leads and our material well-organized in and around where
we're going to do our fabrication, eliminates many of the tripping hazards and
other safety issues associated with our welding shop environment. Having an
injured shop employee does not help meet deadlines or get work done, its only
a setback to the company.

Just one injured employee can result in thousands of dollars of cost to the
shop or fabricator. If we would just keep our area clean and organized we could
use those thousands of dollars of cost on new equipment, more materials,
employee benefits or other things that our shop really needs. Just as important
as having a well-organized shop at the beginning of the project, cleaning up our
mess, returning everything to its proper location and returning the materials to
where they belong at the end of the project is just as important in the
preparation for the next project is as finishing up the present project.

The best way to organize our welding shop is to think about the flow of work
through it and place the materials, machines and equipment in a logical place
and manner that meets your requirements and keeps the operation efficient.
Look around your shop open up your eyes and think about what you could do
to improve your area. In all our shops we can easily find something that we
could do better and if we focus on those single items and continue to improve
bit by bit, item by item, over the long haul we will see the benefits of having a
well-organized shop, improved safety and cost savings.

5S (methodology)
5S is a workplace organization method that uses a list of
five Japanese words: seiri (整理), seiton (整頓), seisō (清掃), seiketsu (清潔),
and shitsuke (躾). These have been translated as "Sort", "Set In order", "Shine",
"Standardize" and "Sustain".[1] The list describes how to organize a work space

15
for efficiency and effectiveness by identifying and storing the items used,
maintaining the area and items, and sustaining the new order. The decision-
making process usually comes from a dialogue about standardization, which
builds understanding among employees of how they should do the work.

In some quarters, 5S has become 6S, the sixth element being safety(Safe).
Other than a specific stand-alone methodology, 5S is frequently viewed as an
element of a broader construct known as visual control,[3] visual
workplace,[4] or visual factory.[5][6] Under those (and similar) terminologies,
Western companies were applying underlying concepts of 5S before
publication, in English, of the formal 5S methodology. For example, a
workplace-organization photo from Tennant Company (a Minneapolis-based
manufacturer) quite similar to the one accompanying this article appeared in a
manufacturing-management book in 1986.[7]

Origins
5S was developed in Japan and was identified as one of the techniques that
enabled Just in Time manufacturing.[8]
Two major frameworks for understanding and applying 5S to business
environments have arisen, one proposed by Osada, the other by Hiroyuki
Hirano.[9][10] Hirano provided a structure to improve programs with a series of
identifiable steps, each building on its predecessor. As noted by John
Bicheno,[11] Toyota's adoption of the Hirano approach was '4S', with Seiton and
Seiso combined.[verification needed]
Before this Japanese management framework, a similar "scientific
management" was proposed by Alexey Gastev and the USSR Central Institute
of Labour (CIT) in Moscow.[12]

There are five 5S phases. They can be translated from the Japanese as "sort",
"set in order", "shine", "standardize", and "sustain". Other translations are
possible.
Sort (seiri 整理)
Seiri is sorting through all items in a location and removing all unnecessary
items from the location

Goals:

• Reduce time loss looking for an item by reducing the number of items.
• Reduce the chance of distraction by unnecessary items.
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• Simplify inspection.
• Increase the amount of available, useful space.
• Increase safety by eliminating obstacles
Implementation:

• Check all items in a location and evaluate whether or not their presence
at the location is useful or necessary.
• Remove unnecessary items as soon as possible. Place those that cannot
be removed immediately in a 'red tag area' so that they are easy to remove
later on.
• Keep the working floor clear of materials except for those that are in use
to production.

Set in order (seiton 整頓)

(Sometimes shown as Straighten)
Seiton is putting all necessary items in the optimal place for fulfilling their
function in the workplace.
Goal:

• Make the workflow smooth and easy.

Implementation:

• Arrange work stations in such a way that all tooling / equipment is in

close proximity, in an easy to reach spot and in a logical order adapted to
the work performed. Place components according to their uses, with the
frequently used components being nearest to the workplace.
• Arrange all necessary items so that they can be easily selected for use.
Make it easy to find and pick up necessary items.
• Assign fixed locations for items. Use clear labels, marks or hints so that
items are easy to return to the correct location and so that it is easy to spot
missing items.
Shine (seiso 清掃)
Seiso is sweeping or cleaning and inspecting the workplace, tools and
machinery on a regular basis.
Goals:

• Improves the production process efficiency and safety, reduces waste,

prevents errors and defects.
• Keep the workplace safe and easy to work in.
• Keep the workplace clean and pleasing to work in.

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• When in place, anyone not familiar to the environment must be able to
detect any problems within 50 feet in 5 sec.
Implementation:

• Clean the workplace and equipment on a daily basis, or at another

appropriate (high frequency) cleaning interval.
• Inspect the workplace and equipment while cleaning.

Standardize (seiketsu 清潔)

Seiketsu is to standardize the processes used to sort, order and clean the
workplace.
Goal:

• Establish procedures and schedules to ensure the repetition of the first

three ‘S’ practices.
Implementation:

• Develop a work structure that will support the new practices and make it
part of the daily routine.
• Ensure everyone knows their responsibilities of performing the sorting,
organizing and cleaning.
• Use photos and visual controls to help keep everything as it should be.
• Review the status of 5S implementation regularly using audit checklists.
Sustain/self-discipline (shitsuke しつけ)
Shitsuke or sustain the developed processes by self-discipline of the workers.
Also translates as "do without being told".
Goal:
• Ensure that the 5S approach is followed.
Implementation:
• Organize training sessions.
• Perform regular audits to ensure that all defined standards are being
implemented and followed.
• Implement improvements whenever possible. Worker inputs can be very
valuable for identifying improvements.
• When issues arise, identify their cause and implement the changes
necessary to avoid recurrence.

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 REMEMBER
Welding safety starts with an understanding of what could go
wrong, and preparation for when it does. Risks include electric
shock, injuries related in inhalation of toxic fumes, eye injury and
skin burns. To start, protective clothing and equipment must be
worn during all welding operation including helmets and shields.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Read and answer the given questions. Write your answer on your
notebook.

1. What is the importance of personal protective equipment?

2. When to performed housekeeping in the shop?
3. In what country that 5’s developed?
4. What are 5’s stands for?

DIRECTION. True or False

1. Leather gloves should not be used to pick up hot items, since this
causes the leather to become stiff and crack.
2. A disorganized shop saves time money and effort in many different
ways.
3. Anything that is combustible or flammable is susceptible to
ignition by cutting and welding.
4. When arc welding is suspended for any substantial period of time,
such as during lunch or overnight, all electrodes will be removed
from the holders with the holders carefully located so that
accidental contact cannot occur.
5. After welding operations are completed, the welder will mark the
hot metal or provide some other means of warning other workers.

19
 POST TEST

Choose the correct answer.

1. Personal Protective Equipment having a plate as protection in foot from

punctured hazard?
a. steel toe-cap footwear
b. nitrile footwear
c. vinyl footwear
d. mid-sole steel footwear
2. Which of the following is not a normal precautionary measure?
a. clean tools and machines after using them
b. keep flammable materials always when working
c. remove watches, bracelets while working
d. sharpen tools properly for work efficiency
3. To protect bystanders, translucent welding curtains often surround the
welding area often called as
a. cloth curtains c. Polyvinyl chloride
b. fiber glass d. Filter paper
4. A head shield has the advantage over a hand shield because
a. it is handy to put on and remove
b. it could be swung to any direction
c. it is designed for the head
d. it could be swung upward
5. Welding produce smoke of various types, which in some cases can lead
to medical conditions like
a. Hypertension c. Arthritis
b. Metal fume fever d. Rheumatism

DIRECTION. True or False

1. Leather gloves should not be used to pick up hot items, since this
causes the leather to become stiff and crack.
2. A disorganized shop saves time money and effort in many different
ways.
3. Anything that is combustible or flammable is susceptible to
ignition by cutting and welding.
4. When arc welding is suspended for any substantial period of time,
such as during lunch or overnight, all electrodes will be removed
from the holders with the holders carefully located so that
accidental contact cannot occur.
5. After welding operations are completed, the welder will mark the
hot metal or provide some other means of warning other workers.

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References

6. ^ "American Welding Society - Technical". American Welding

Society. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
7. ^ "American Petroleum Institute Standards". American Petroleum
Institute. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
8. ^ "Standards Development". Standards Australia. Retrieved 7
November 2011.
9. ^ "About CSA". Canadian Standards Association. Archived from the
original on 29 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
10. ^ "BSI Standards". BSI Standards. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
11. ^ "ISO Standards". International Organization for Standardization.
Retrieved 7 November 2011.
12. ^ "About us". European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
Retrieved 7 November 2011.
13. ^ Davis, A.: "Welder Qualification Standards - Philosophy and
Feedback", AWS Welding Journal, July 2003, pp. 14–16. EN ISO 9606-1 was
finally published in November 2013 and is gradually introduced in Europe,
the deadline for complete replacement being October 2015.
14. ^ "EWF Guide to deal with the transition from EN 287-1 to EN ISO
9606-1 as efficiently as possible (EWF-654-13)" (PDF) (PDF). European
Federation for Welding, Joining and Cutting (EWF). 2013. Archived
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Retrieved 7 November 2011.

Acknowledgements

Writer: Elesio P. Tabacon Jr.

Head Teacher VI
Raja Soliman Science and Technology High School

Management Team: Maria Magdalena M. Lim

Schools Division Superintendent
Manila

Aida H. Rondilla
Chief Education Supervisor

Dr. Ariel Tosio

Education Program Supervisor

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