BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

BMS1021 Review Questions Weeks 1-6 Lectures

Preparation for your Mid-Semester Test (10%)

Dear students, here is a selection of practice MCQ questions I have put together for
you, as you prepare for your mid-semester test (Wednesday 20th April). I hope you
find these useful.

A good way to get to the right answer (beyond your own study) is to discuss these on
Facebook as your classmates may be able to help you, and this may enlighten some
other students having the same difficulties as you. I encourage students to put up
their list of right answers on Facebook for discussion.

These MCQs are from various sources (including lecturers, the Internet, books) and
are approximately at the right level and relevance to material presented in your
lectures which will be assessed (I have reviewed these with your lecturers). Please
note that material from your practicals will not be assessed as such in the mid-sem,
but may help you in your understanding of the content presented in lectures (as they
are designed to do of course!)

The mid-semester exam will be one-hour duration, consist of MCQs-only and some
will be image-based (colour). There will be approximately 40-45 questions in total.

Note that these questions may not cover all content in your lectures so for best
results, you should review all components of your lectures and study your Lecture
Summaries (on Moodle) in conjunction with doing the indicated further reading.

This material will also be useful in your final exam where the entire Semesters
content will be examined (I will clarify later in Semester).

I wish you all the best! Regards, Chantal (your unit coordinator)

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

LIST OF LECTURES WITH PRACTICE MCQs:

[2] Chemical composition of cells 1

[3] Chemical composition of cells 2

[4] Chemical composition of cells 3

[5] Overview of cell structure

[6] Major components of cells

[7] Membrane structure and function

[8] Dev Biology I

[9] Dev Biology II

[10] Dev Biology III

[11] Dev Biology IV

[12] Simple to complex: the covert world of epithelia

[13] Connective tissue: holding it all together part 1

[14] Connective tissue: holding it together part 2

[15] Muscle: more than just strength and endurance

[16] The basics of nervous system histology: more than meets the eye

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

1. Hydrogen bonding results in:

A. Higher heats of vaporization

B. Higher boiling points

C. Higher melting points

D. Lower density of ice than water

E. All of the above are correct.

2. Which of the following describes a hydrogen bond?

A. The bond between hydrogen in one water molecule and another hydrogen
in a different water molecule
B. The bond between hydrogen in one water molecule and oxygen in a
different water molecule
C. The bond between hydrogen and oxygen within a molecule of water
D. The bond between two hydrogen atoms within a molecule of water
E. None of the above

3. When we say "water is a polar molecule," we mean _____.

A. It has slight positive and negative charges

B. It is negatively charged
C. It will mix well with nonpolar substances
D. It is an ion and has full positive and negative charges
E. None of the above

4. The strongest bonds that usually form between carbon and hydrogen are called
________ bonds.

A. Elemental
B. Covalent
C. Hydrogen
D. Ionic
E. None of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

5. Which property of water provides the cooling effect of sweating?

A. Surface tension
B. High heat of vaporization
C. Cohesiveness
D. High heat capacity
E. None of the above

6. Amino acids serve as building blocks for _____.

A. Lipids
B. Proteins
C. Carbohydrates
D. DNA and RNA
E. None of the above

7. Buffers are important to human systems because they ________________.

A. Increase the number of hydrogen ions

B. Bring a solution to a pH of 9.8
C. Assist in chemical reactions
D. Stabilize the pH of a solution
E. None of the above

8. Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides are all _________.

A. Lipids
B. Monomers
C. Carbohydrates
D. Proteins
E. None of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

9. Which of the following is a kind of protein?

A. Sodium chloride
B. Triglyceride
C. Sucrose
D. Enzyme
E. None of the above

10. Triglycerides are so named because they are formed by a reaction between
three fatty acid molecules and one ___________.

A. Amino acid
B. Lipid
C. Glycerol
D. Glucose
E. None of the above

11. Which of the following most accurately describes the role of DNA for our cells?

A. DNA physically moves parts around a cell to determine the cell's function.
B. DNA includes instructions for building proteins.
C. DNA contains a code that allows it to turn into a protein.
D. DNA is an enzyme that assists in chemical reactions.
E. None of the above

12. The membranes of our cells are made mostly of _____.

A. Cholesterol
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D. Polysaccharides
E. None of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

13. Oligosacchardies linked to proteins are called

A. Glycoproteins
B. Glycolipids
C. Galactosides
D. Gangliosides
E. None of the above

14. In polysaccharides, monosaccharides are joined by

A. Peptide bonds
B. Glucose bonds
C. Glycosidic bonds
D. Covalent bond
E. None of the above

15. Sucrose is a

A. Monosaccharide
B. Disaccharide
C. Polysaccharide
D. Triose
E. None of the above

16. Glycogen in animals are stored in

A. Liver and spleen

B. Liver and muscle
C. Liver and bile
D. Liver and adipose tissues
E. None of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

17. All of the following substances are found in a proteoglycan aggregate except

A. Hyaluronic acid.
B. Core protein.
C. Chondroitin sulfate.
D. Elastin.
E. None of the above

18. Identify which of the following terms refers to the order in which amino acids are
linked together in a protein.

A. Primary structure
B. Secondary structure
C. Tertiary structure
D. Quaternary structure
E. None of the above

19. The best example of an amphipathic material is?

A. Polysaccharide
B. Lipid
C. Ribose
D. Nucleic acid
E. More than one of the above

20. Which of the following statements about collagen is correct?

A. Collagen contains a high proportion of hydroxylated proline residues.

B. Collagen is a globular, intracellular protein.
C. Post-translational modification of collagen involves vitamin A.
D. The structure of collagen consists of a superhelix of three α helices twisted
together.
E. All of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

21. Which term below best defines the 'quaternary structure' of a protein?

A. The arrangement of two or more polypeptide subunits into a single

functional complex
B. The folding of the polypeptide backbone in three-dimensional space.
C. The interaction of amino acid side chains.
D. The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.
E. All of the above

22. Which of the following statements about amino acids is correct?

A. Amino acids are classified according to the structures and properties of

their side chains.
B. Amino acids are uncharged at neutral ph.
C. Amino acids in proteins are mainly in the D-configuration.
D. Twenty four amino acids are commonly used in protein synthesis.
E. All of the above

23. The basic repeating units of a DNA molecule is

A. Nucleoside
B. Nucleotide
C. Histones
D. Amino acids
E. None of the above

24. To which of the following does thymine form hydrogen bonds in DNA?

A. Adenine
B. Thymine
C. Cytosine
D. Guanine
E. All of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

25. If a segment of DNA contains 430 nucleotides and 120 of the nucleotides are
guanine, there will be _____ cytosine nucleotides.

A. 120
B. 190
C. 95
D. 20
E. None of the above

26. Esters of fatty acids with higher alcohols other than glycerol are said to be

A. Waxes
B. Fats
C. Both of the above
D. None of the above
E. Couldn’t think of anything else to write here 

27. Our cell membranes are _____.

A. Fluid mixtures of molecules that regulate the movement of materials into

cells
B. Rigid walls of proteins and carbohydrates that provide strong physical
protection
C. Linked strands of DNA formed into bubbles covering our cells
D. Flexible boundaries entirely composed of two layers of lipids
E. None of the above

28. Which of the following is a similarity between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A. Both share an identical genetic language.

B. Both share a common set of membrane-bound organelles..
C. Both share common structural features.
D. Answer a and c
E. Answer a, b and c

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

29. What characteristics distinguish prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

A. Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotes do not.

B. Prokaryotes have relatively little DNA; eukaryotes generally have much more.
C. Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear; prokaryotic chromosomes are circular.
D. Prokaryotic DNA is naked or nearly naked; eukaryotic DNA is usually heavily
associated with protein.
E. All of the above

30. Which statement is NOT true about bacteria?

A. Bacteria contain membrane bound organelles.

B. Some are photosynthetic.
C. Some are motile due to flagella.
D. All bacteria are prokaryotes.
E. Bacteria have a cell wall that contains peptidoglycan.

31. Most of the cell membrane is made from

A. Steroids.
B. Proteins.
C. Phospholipids.
D. Polysaccharides.
E. None of The Above

32. Prokaryotic cells are different from eukaryotic cells in that prokaryotic cells lack

A. Cell Walls.
B. Ribosomes.
C. Mitochondria.
D. Cell Membranes
E. None of The Above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

33. What is the sequence of organelles that a secreted protein would have passed
through on its journey out of a cell?

A. Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, cell membrane.

B. Cell membrane, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus.
C. Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane.
D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cell membrane
E. Golgi apparatus, vesicle, nucleus

34. Two functions of rough endoplasmic reticulum are to

A. Detoxify and transport drugs.

B. Modify and
C. Activate hormones.
D. Synthesize and transport enzymes.
E. Join with and hydrolyze food vacuoles

35. Specialized vacuoles containing molecules that catalyze the hydrolysis of protein
macromolecules are

A. Nucleoli.
B. Ribosomes.
C. Lysosomes.
D. Chromosomes.
E. None of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

36. An organelle composed of membranous tubules that synthesize testosterone is

the

A. Vacuole.
B. Golgi Apparatus.
C. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.
D. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
E. None of The Above

37. A function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is to

A. Form Ribosomes.
B. Synthesize Lipids.
C. Store Nucleic Acid.
D. Breakdown Carbohydrates
E. None of The Above

38. One of the components of a cell’s cytoskeleton is composed of

A. Plastids.
B. Cytoplasm.
C. Microtubules.
D. Chromosomes.
E. Collagen

39. Cilia and flagella

A. Are made from intermediate filaments

B. Are composed of actin and some myosin microfilaments
C. Are composed of actin microfilaments
D. Are made up of microtubules arranged in a specific pattern
E. Are made up of loosely- and randomly- organised microtubules

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

40. Which organelle functions as a storage and packaging site?

A. Ribosome.
B. Lysosome.
C. Mitochondrion.
D. Golgi apparatus.
E. Endoplasmic reticulum

41. For digestion to occur in a vacuole, the vacuole must first fuse with a

A. Nucleus.
B. Ribosome.
C. Lysosome.
D. Golgi Body.
E. None Of The Above

42. Lysosomes can be expected to be present in large numbers in cells which

A. Have Cilia.
B. Produce Centrioles.
C. Are Actively Dividing.
D. Carry Out Phagocytosis.
E. None of the above

43. Which of the following describes the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane
structure?

A. Phospholipid monolayer with embedded proteins

B. Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
C. Phospholipid trilayer with embedded proteins
D. Triglyceride bilayer with embedded proteins
E. Triglyceride monolayer with embedded proteins

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

44. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the plasma
membrane structure?

A. Protein molecules may be partially or wholly embedded.

B. Protein molecules are localized toward one side of the cell.
C. Phospholipids form a bilayer.
D. Phospholipids have a fluid consistency.
E. The head of the phospholipid molecule is attracted toward water.

45. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the phospholipid
molecules in the plasma membrane?

A. Each phospholipid molecule has four nonpolar tails.

B. Each phospholipid molecule has one polar head.
C. The phospholipid heads are attracted to water.
D. The phospholipid tails are not attracted to water.
E. The phospholipid heads face outward.

46. Which of the following molecules would NOT be found in animal plasma
membranes?

A. Proteins
B. Phospholipids
C. Glycolipids
D. Cholesterols
E. Nucleic acids

47. Which molecule in animal plasma membranes reduces the permeability of the
membrane to most biological molecules?

A. Proteins
B. Phospholipids
C. Glycolipids
D. Cholesterol
E. Nucleic acid

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

48. Which of the following is NOT an active method where molecules pass across
the plasma membrane?

A. Simple diffusion
B. Active transport
C. Endocytosis
D. Exocytosis
E. All of the above

49. ______ is the net movement of any type of molecule from a region of higher
concentration to a region of lower concentration.

A. Osmosis
B. Diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
E. Pinocytosis

50. Lipid-soluble molecules and gases enter the cell by ______.

A. Diffusion through the channel proteins

B. Osmosis through the channel proteins
C. Diffusion through the lipid bilayer
D. Osmosis through the lipid bilayer
E. Active transport through the lipid bilayer

51. Oxygen enters the blood from the alveoli in the lungs by the process of ______.

A. Phagocytosis
B. Active transport
C. Osmosis
D. Diffusion
E. Facilitated diffusion

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

52. Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane proton pump?

A. Hydrolyzes ATP
B. Produces a proton gradient
C. Generates a membrane potential
D. Equalizes the charge on each side of a membrane
E. Stores potential energy on one side of a membrane

53. Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct?

A. Endocytosis--entering by sac
B. Exocytosis--leaving by sac
C. Active transport--against the gradient
D. Facilitated diffusion--with the gradient
E. Hypotonic solution--cells shrivel

54. Eukaryotic cells contain:

A. One copy of each chromosome

B. A nucleus with no membrane
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Mitochondria
E. None of the above

55. It is generally thought that mitochondria originated from:

A. The formation of intracellular membrane structures in a primitive

prokaryote
B. A primitive form of chloroplast that did not contain chlorophyll
C. Plastids
D. The engulfment of an aerobic heterotrophic prokaryote by an ancestral
eukaryote
E. The engulfment of a photosynthetic prokaryote by an ancestral
eukaryote

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

56. Characteristics of Down syndrome include _________.

A. Short stature
B. Round head
C. Mental retardation
D. Palm crease
E. All of the above

57. Persons with Down syndrome usually have ______ copies of chromosome 21.

A. No
B. One
C. Two
D. Three
E. Nonaligned

58. The drug ____ was used to treat morning sickness between 1957 and 1961.
Unfortunately, babies born to mothers who used this drug were born with
incomplete or missing legs and arms.

A. Lithium
B. Diethylstilbestrol
C. Penicillamine
D. Thalidomide
E. None of the above

59. Chemicals or other agents that cause birth defects are called

A. Transformers.
B. Carcinogens.
C. Alterations.
D. Teratogens.
E. None of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

60. The technique in which conception occurs artificially in the laboratory is called

A. Subrogation.
B. Artificial insemination.
C. Laparoscopy.
D. Intrafallopian transfer.
E. In vitro fertilization.

61. Following fertilization the zygote goes through a rapid period of cell divisions
called

A. Cleavage.
B. Organogenesis.
C. Teratogenesis.
D. Blastulation.
E. Implantation.

62. The cells of the blastocyst that become the embryo proper are the

A. Inner cell mass.

B. Corpus luteum.
C. Blastomeres.
D. Trophoblast.
E. None of the above

63. Which of these would be an example of a homeotic phenotype?

A. The wings are shrunken and useless.

B. The eyes of the fly are brown instead of the normal red.
C. The first abdominal segment has legs.
D. All of these.
E. None of these.

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

64. The segmented blocks of tissue that develop along the midline are called the

A. Somites
B. Neural tube
C. Neural crest
D. Adrenal medulla
E. Rubella

65. The universal mechanisms of development include

A. Proliferation of cells
B. Specialisation of cells
C. Cell interactions
D. Movement of cells
E. All of the above

66. This tissue is typical of

A. Myelinated axons with

peripheral Schwann cells
B. Cardiac muscle seen in
transverse & longitudinal
section
C. Bundles of collagen in dense
connective tissue
D. Voluntary or skeletal muscle
fibers
E. Cancellous or spongy bone

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

67. Which statement best applies

to this organ?

A. The white component is well

supplied with Schwann cells for
myelination
B. Astrocytes are confined to the
darker gray matter
C. Nerve cells outnumber glia by
10:1
D. Most oligodendrocytes occur
in the gray matter
E. This tissue is invested with
blood vessels

A
68. Choose the only correct option

A. Both A and B show mostly connective

tissue
B. A is thin skin, B is from the upper
respiratory tract
C. Both A and B show stratified squamous
epithelium
D. A is stratified columnar epithelium, B is B
periosteum
E. Both A and B show epithelia with a direct
blood supply

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

69. Much of this specimen is likely to be

A. Adipose or fatty tissue

B. Articular cartilage
C. Spongy or cancellous bone with numerous osteocytes
D. A mixture of fibroblasts and collagen arranged in a dense irregular
fashion
E. None of the above

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

70. This specimen is

A. Compact bone with osteocytes

B. Fibrocartilage with collagen fibers
C. A collection of nerve cell bodies
D. Stratified squamous epithelium
E. Cartilage with surrounding matrix

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

71. The histological features of this tissue suggests that it is

A. Myelinated nerve fibers

B. Bundles of collagen in dense connective tissue
C. Muscle cells joined end-to-end by junctions
D. Stratified squamous epithelial cells
E. Striated muscle typical of skeletal muscle tissue

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

72. Arrows indicate

A. Cells of muscle

B. Nuclei of blood cells

C. Schwann cells

D. Nuclei approximately 2 microns in length

E. Squamous endothelial cell nuclei

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

73. Which is the best match for this tissue?

A. Consists mostly of hyaline cartilage and bone marrow

B. Cells in the pink-stained matrix are chondrocytes
C. Is typical of loose or areolar connective tissue
D. Is highly vascularised
E. The pink tissue contains collagen fibers with minimal extracellular matrix

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

74. The morphology of these many close-packed circular structures suggests

A. Axons with myelinated sheaths

B. Capillaries with simple cuboidal epithelium
C. A type of connective tissue called adipose tissue
D. Ducts draining from sweat glands of the skin
E. Chondrocytes surrounded by cartilage

75. Choose the best option. Epithelium:

A. Never sits on a thin layer of connective tissue

B. Is always one cell layer thick
C. Has surface specialisations that sit exterior to the cell membrane, including
cilia and microvilli
D. Lines all hollow surfaces in the body except blood vessels
E. Has a defined polarity

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

76. Choose the best match for this organ

A. Outer tissue regions have many Schwann cells

B. It has no direct blood vessel supply because it is mostly epithelium
C. Central butterfly shapes consists of myelinated axons
D. Cell bodies of nerves are found in the inner dark-stained region
E. The outer regions are mostly a type of cartilage

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

77. A skeletal muscle cell contains:

A. Abundant lysosomes for intracytoplasmic digestion

B. Abundant intermediate filaments
C. Actin and myosin filaments arranged in sarcomeres
D. Nuclei in the centre of the cell
E. Cilia for contraction

78. The diameter of a red blood cell is approximately:

A. 0.5 µm
B. 2 µm
C. 7 µm
D. 20 µm
E. 100 µm

79. Different connective tissues contain variable amounts of cells, fibers and ground
substance. Which of the following is likely to have the most connective tissue cells
with little extracellular matrix?

A. Tendons
B. Skeletal muscle
C. Cartilage
D. Adipose
E. Microvilli

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 BMS1021 Week 1-6 Lecture Review Questions 2016

80. Choose the most correct answer: Smooth muscle is:

A. Striated
B. Found in the cardiovascular system
C. Under voluntary control
D. Incapable of coordinating physiological contraction
E. Composed of branched cells

81. The Central Nervous System (CNS) is comprised of:

A. Cranial and spinal nerves

B. Brain only
C. Cranial nerves
D. Brain and spinal cord
E. Spinal cord

82. Microvilli:

A. Are usually about 1µm long

B. Are present on most cells

C. Are abundant on cells specialised for absorption

D. Contain actin microfilaments

E. All of the above are correct

83. Connective Tissue may include all of the following except:

A. Ligaments
B. Neutrophils
C. Bone
D. Squamous cells
E. Adipose tissue

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