MODULE 14

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

HUMAN MATERIAL REMAINS

AND ARTEFACTUAL EVIDENCE
(Paleolithic Period)

Author: Lormina U. Alcotas

Grade Level
Illustrators: Jhucel A. del Rosario

11/12
Michael Joseph A. Lapid
Renato D. Ruz, Jr.
Layout Artist: Felipe Ryan S. Duatin
UCSP SELF-LEARNING KIT

Self-Learning Module for Grade 11/12

SOCIAL SCIENCE
14
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

Hello, our dear student! Welcome…

I’m Teacher Victoria

I’m Teacher Kenneth

Are you ready to BEGIN your

journey with this module?
Well, it’s time to TAKE STEPS to your
quest for KNOWLEDGE. Have FUN!

ENGAGE with the Module

Here are some reminders as you use this module:

 Use the module with care especially in turning each page.
 Be reminded to answer the Pre-Test before moving on to the
Self-Learning Kit (SLK) Proper.
 Read and comprehend the directions in every exercise.
 Observe honesty in answering the tests and exercises and in
checking your answers.
 Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of this material.
 Try to finish a given activity before proceeding to the next.
 MODULE 14
ESTABLISH Your Purpose

What can you expect to find in this module?

You will discover specific tasks which will test your
knowledge and understanding of the topic discussed in
this module.

In

This module serves as a self-learning material to guide

you in understanding target competency expected in
the curriculum.

UCSP 11/12HBS - 1f-13

Explore the significance of human material remains and arte factual

evidence in interpreting cultural and social, including political and economic,
processes.
You will find that the presented activities / exercises and texts
are developed in order to meet the following objectives:

Objective 1

Identify the earliest types of societies.

Objective 2

List different kinds of human materials and artefactual evidence

occurring during the earliest types of societies.

Objective 3

Recognize the significance human material remains and artefactual

evidence in interpreting cultural, social, political and economic
processes.
EXPLORE What You Know

PRE-TEST
Read the following items carefully. Shade the
circle that corresponds to the letter of your
answer.

1. The main form of food production in such societies is the daily collection
of wild plants, fishing and hunting larger wild animals. It is also identified
as the earliest form of human society and referred to as foraging. Which
of the following is the earliest type of human society wherein they used
tools made of stones, woods and bones?

A. Agricultural Societies
B. Horticultural Societies
C. Pastoral Societies
D. Hunting and Gathering Societies

2. Defined as a group of individuals living together, who share a common

economic, social and developmental structure with organized patterns of
relationships through interaction with one another. Which of the following
best describes a group of people with common territory?

A. Culture
B. Groups
C. Society
D. Organization

3. Type of society in which people subsist through the cultivation of plants

for food consumption without the use of mechanized tools or the use of
animals to pull plows. Which of the following is an example of society
that is producing enough food to feed the group?

A. Horticultural Societies
B. Industrial Societies
C. Pastoral Societies
D. Hunting and Gathering Societies
 MODULE 14
EXPLORE What You Know

4. Cave paintings are a type of parietal art found on the wall or ceiling of
caves. The oldest cave paintings 40,000 years were discovered in East
Kalimanta, Borneo, Indonesia. Which of the following is an example of
cave paintings?

A. Human remains
B. Artefactual evidence
C. Human material remains
D. Evidence of man’s existence

5. Human material remain and artefactual evidence plays an important role

in understanding the existence of man, society and culture. Which of the
following choices supports the above statement?

A. Show how people live and eat.

B. Evidence from the past explain one’s personality.
C. Everyone has the right to know how the world can be.
D. Human material remains and artefactual evidence provides
perspective in linking the past, present and future within the
experience of any given human generation.

Before you proceed to your journey,

CHECK your answers using the key to corrections
found at the last page of this module.
Thank you for your PATIENCE and HONESTY.
EMPOWER Your Skills

WELCOME to the heart of this module.

I, Teacher Victoria, with Teacher Kenneth,
will be with you every step of the way.
Have a happy journey.
In

JUMBLED LETTERS

Part I: Look at the following scrambled words.

Rearrange the letters to form the correct words for
different human material remains and artefactual
evidence.

1. SERAP S___ ___ A___

2. OSBW NDA ___O___ S A__ ___

ROWAR A__ R ___ ___

3. LACY TSOP C__ __ __ __ O __ S

 MODULE 14
EMPOWER Your Skills

4. LWAL W __ L __
SGNITNIAP __ A__ __ T__ N __ __

5. BLADE B __ A __ D__ __ __ R __
CORE

Part II: Observe and Analyze the pictures below. Use the following
questions to describe the pictures.

1. Describe the environment.

2. What are the people doing?
3. What are the tools and artefactual materials found in each pictures?

Picture no. 1
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_____.
EMPOWER Your Skills

Picture no. 2
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
_____________________________.
Picture no. 3.
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
 MODULE 14
EMPOWER Your Skills

THINK IT OVER

Based on the previous activity, answer the following

questions.

1. Cite human material remains and artefactual evidence that plays an

important role in the earliest type/ form of society.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

2. What is the significance of the human material remains and artefactual

evidence such as cave paintings, stone and wooden tools in
understanding our society?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

3. Describe how does society evolved during early human existence?

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
EMPOWER Your Skills

Great job! Thank you for your responses.

Your learning experience has just started.
We hope you are ready to EXPLORE more!
 MODULE 14
EMPOWER Your Skills

HUMAN MATERIAL REMAINS AND

ARTEFACTUAL EVIDENCE IN
INTERPRETING CULTURAL AND
SOCIAL, INCLUDING POLITICAL AND
ECONOMIC PROCESSES FROM THE
EARLIEST FORM OF SOCIETY

Society defined as a group of individuals

ON FOCUS living together, who share a common
economic, social structure and have
developed organized patterns of
relationships through interaction with one
another. (Wikipedia)

Social evolution or sociocultural evolution

defines how cultures and societies change
over time. It is a process by which structural
Hello our dear student reorganization is affected and produces a
In this part of your new form of structured society.
journey, We provide
something for you to
read to deepen your Early societies started to emerge as a result
understanding about of man’s interaction with his environment
the topic.
and continue progressing from time to time.
Please do it with
comprehension to In this lesson, we will be discussing the
discover knowledge
that will help you out in earliest types of societies and the material
dealing with the next remains and artefactual evidences occurring
phase of your quest.
these times.
HAPPY READING!
EMPOWER Your Skills
TYPE OF SOCIO-POLITICAL and SOCIOCULTURAL
SOCIETY CHARACTERISTICS
Hunting and  The earliest form of human society was known as a foraging
Food Gathering
society.
Societies
 People survived by foraging for food (vegetable foods, small
game, fishing, hunting larger wild animals, and collecting
shellfish).
 Their group is called Bands which describes a small group,
related by family and marriage typically mobile hunter and
gatherers.
 People used tools made of stones, woods and bones.
 Bow and arrows and spears were tools used in order to hunt
for their foods.
 Spear were used primarily as thrown weapons.
 Bow and arrows are important weapon for both hunting and
warfare.
 Hand axes were used for chopping wood or bone.
Horticultural  People learned to use human muscle power and hand-held
Societies
tools to cultivate fields.
 Specialized roles in horticultural societies include
craftspeople, shamans (religious leaders), and traders.
 Evidence for pottery, metal-working, cultivation and livestock
are part of their everyday lives.
 Started to form tribes in this type of society. Tribes, defined
as a larger group of settled farmers or pastoralists who
believe they share descended from a common ancestor.
These tribes are without central control or a strongly
developed social hierarchy.
 Political organization is confined in the village.
 Authority is based on positions inherited by males through
the kinship system.
 MODULE 14
EMPOWER Your Skills
Pastoral  It relied on herding and the domestication of animals for food
Societies and clothing to satisfy the greater need of the group.
 Peoples weaved clothes and learned dyeing it to add color.
 Most pastoralist were nomads who followed their herds in a
never-ending quest for pasture and water.
 Pastoral societies can support larger populations. Since there
are food surpluses, fewer people are needed to produce food.
 It was organized along male-centered kinship groups. It was
usually united under strong political figures. However,
centralized political leadership did not occur.
 Over time, hereditary chieftainships emerged. These became
the typical form of government in pastoral societies.

SUMMARY OF HUMAN MATERIAL REMAINS AND ARTEFACTUAL

EVIDENCE DURING THE EARLIEST FORM OF SOCIETIES

People used tools made of stones,

woods and bones.

Sharp stones and rocks used as

knives, scrapers, spear, blades and
hand axes were used to scrape fur Hand Axes
and fatty tissue from hides of
Blade Core
animals, used also to smooth wood
or bones as well.

Spear

Clay pots or pottery were the oldest

human inventions. They used clay
pots for storing of cereals and dairy
products, as well as for cooking food,
and by weavers for natural dye work.
EMPOWER Your Skills

Oldest Flute - Early human

enjoyed making music as form of
art too.

Developed small structures and

monumental painting, inscribed
designs and reliefs on the wall of
caves. Painting of animals on cave
walls was common.
Monumental paintings is important
in order to record history and
culture.

Venus of Hohle-Fels

The 40,000-year-old figurine of a

woman hewn from the ivory of a
mammoth tusk, clearly represents
a woman, with ballooning breasts
and elaborately carved genitalia.
This figure is about human
reproduction.

ON FOCUS
 MODULE 14
EMPOWER Your Skills

TRAVEL BACK!

Directions: Choose at least 2 types of human material

remains or artefactual evidence that you think played
an important role in understanding our society from the past
and relating it to our present time. Explain your answer.
Write your answer on the box provided below

Clay Pots
Blade Core
Small structures or monumental
paintings

Spear Flute

Hand axes Venus of Hohle_Fels

__________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________ __________________________________
EMPOWER Your Skills

TELL ME MORE

Part I:

Directions: Write the letters of the correct answer that best describes each
type of earliest society.

Hunting and Horticultural Pastoral Society

Gathering Society Society
5. _______
1. _____ 3. _____
2. _____ 6. _______
4. _____

A. It relied on herding and the domestication of animals for food and clothing to
satisfy the greater need of the group.
B. People used tools made of stones, woods and bones. Bow and arrows and
spears were tools used in order to hunt for their foods.

C. Peoples weaved clothes and learned dyeing it to add color.

D. People survived by foraging for food (vegetable foods, small game, fishing,
hunting larger wild animals, and collecting shellfish).

E. Started to form tribes in this type of society. Tribes, defined as a larger group
of settled farmers or pastoralists who believe they share descended from a
common ancestor. These tribes are without central control or a strongly
developed social hierarchy.

F. Evidence for pottery, metal-working, cultivation and livestock are part of their
everyday lives.
 MODULE 14
ENHANCE Your Understanding

Part II: What is the importance of these 3 earliest type of society in

connection to our present time.

________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
EMPOWER Your Skills

How was your learning experience so far?

We hope that you had a great journey.
We believe that you did it well!
In

I REFLECT!

Read the quotation below. Reflect on the message it brings.

Based on the quotation, I learned that __________________________

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
 MODULE 14
ENHANCE Your Understanding

POST-TEST
Read the following items carefully. Shade the
circle that corresponds to the letter of your
answer.

1. Type of society in which people subsist through the cultivation of plants

for food consumption without the use of mechanized tools or the use of
animals to pull plows. Which of the following is an example of society
that is producing enough food to feed the group?

A. Horticultural Societies
B. Industrial Societies
C. Pastoral Societies
D. Hunting and Gathering Societies

2. Cave paintings are a type of parietal art found on the wall or ceiling of
caves. The oldest cave paintings 40,000 years were discovered in East
Kalimanta, Borneo, Indonesia. Cave paintings are examples of
______?

A. Human remains
B. Artefactual evidence
C. Human material remains
D. Evidence of man’s existence

3. Defined as a group of individuals living together, who share a common

economic, social and developmental structure with organized patterns
of relationships through interaction with one another. Which of the
following best describes a group of people with common territory?

A. Culture
B. Groups
C. Society
D. Organization
ENHANCE Your Understanding

4. Human material remain and artefactual evidence plays an important

role in understanding the existence of man, society and culture. Which
of the following choices supports the above statement?

A. Show how people live and eat.

B. Evidence from the past explain one’s personality.
C. Everyone has the right to know how the world can be.
D. Human material remains and artefactual evidence provides
perspective in linking the past, present and future within the
experience of any given human generation.

5. The main form of food production in such societies is the daily collection
of wild plants, fishing and hunting larger wild animals. It is also identified
as the earliest form of human society and referred to as foraging. Which
of the following is the earliest type of human society wherein they used
tools made of stones, woods and bones?

A. Agricultural Societies
B. Horticultural Societies
C. Pastoral Societies
D. Hunting and Gathering Societies

GREAT JOB!
CHECK your answers using the key to
corrections found at the last page of this module.
Thank you for your HONESTY.

In
 MODULE 14
Performance Check

PERFORMANCE CHECK

PERFORMANCE CHECK

Happy face with two thumbs-up if you got three to

five (3-5) in the post test. CONGRATULATIONS!
You may now proceed to your next journey with
another module.

Sad face if you got two and below in the post test.
You need to study the whole lesson and take the
EXTEND Your Learning Activity.

You are now ready to take a lift on to the next

part of your journey. We hope what you have
learned in the previous parts of this material
eventually help you face new task. BEST OF LUCK.

In
EXTEND Your Learning

PICK AND READ

Directions: Read each word and pick the picture that describes the word.
Circle the pictures and characteristic that match the words given.

PICTURES WORDS CHARACTERISTICS

Spear a. A tool used in
order to hunt
foods primarily
as thrown
weapons.
b. Important
weapon for
both hunting
and warfare
c. Use for
chopping wood
or bone.
Bow and a. Important
Arrows weapon for
both hunting
and warfare
b. Use for
chopping wood
or bone.
c. A tool used in
order to hunt
foods primarily
as thrown
weapons.
 MODULE 14
EXTEND Your Learning

Clay Pots a. Typically used for

storage and
transport gathered
foods and other
items.
b. Used during winter to
keep people warm.
c. Used for storing of
cereals and dairy
product.
Venus of a. Oldest musical
Hohle-Fels instrument
b. This figure is about
human reproduction
c. Artefactual evidence
used to record history
and culture.

Blade Core a. Used to scrape fur

and fatty tissue from
hides of animals,
used also to smooth
wood or bones as
well.
b. Use for fishing.
c. Use to cut wood and
bone.
ANSWER KEY

THAT WAS GREAT!

To know how well you made it, take a look
on the correct answers below.
In

PRE-TEST JUMBLED LETTERS

1. D 1. SPEAR
2. C 2. BOWS AND ARROW
3. A 3. CLAY POTS
4. B 4. WALL PAINTINGS
5. D 5. BLADE CORE

POST-TEST PICK AND READ

1. A 1. A
2. B 2. A
3. C 3. C
4. D 4. B
5. D 5. A

TELL ME MORE
1. D 4. E
2. B 5. A
3. F 6. C