SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Quarter 2- Module 8
Government Programs And Initiative On
Local, National And Global In Addressing
Social Inequalities

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2- Module 8: Government Programs and Initiative on Local, National
and Global in Addressing Social Inequalities
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Assistant Secretary: Alma Ruby C. Torio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Jannet A. delos Reyes
Content Editor: Jennifer O. Pacamalan and Mark Chilou M. Omandac
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Regional Director
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Rowena H. Para-on, PhD
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Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
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 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics
Quarter 2- Module 8
Government Programs And Initiative On
Local, National And Global In Addressing
Social Inequalities

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or
universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education at action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Module Content
No.
Overview 1
What I need to know? 1
What I know? 2-3

What’s in? 4

What’s new? 4
What’s in it? 5
Global Inequality 6-8
What I have learned? 8
What I can do? 8
Assessment 9
Answer Key 10
References 10

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 OVERVIEW
Hello dear learners, welcome! This module, Understanding Culture, Society
and Politics will help you understand Social Inequality and the different program and
initiative of the Government to address Social Inequality. The module is self –
instructional and allows you to learn in your own space, at your own pace. So, relax
and enjoy learning.

Reminders: To get the most of this module, you have to:

1. take your time to read the lessons;

2. write down points for clarification and discuss it with your teacher;
3. perform all activities and answer on your activity notebook; and
4. answer all the test in this module and check with the answer key provided on
the last part of this module.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?

This module provides activities to explain the context, the
content, and the role of government to address social
inequality.

After going through this module, learners are expected to:

1. understand Social Inequality and global inequality;

2. define laws of the Person with Disability; and
3. learn about different programs initiated by the government to
address social inequality.

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WHAT I KNOW?
Activity 1: Analyze and answer the following questions on
your activity notebook.
1. Base on the pictures below, what is your insight about
your rights that you enjoyed? Do you have an
experience like those kids on the pictures? Describe
each picture and tell if they are enjoying their rights or
not.

A.

B.

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C.

D.

E.

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 WHAT’S IN?
In the previous chapter, you learned about the social and political
stratification; the concept and forms; its theoretical perspective and the
mobility to transfer from one class to another.

WHAT’S NEW
Activity 2: Think and Post: The Happy Moments with my
Family and Friends!

This activity encourages social media sharing to

express social rights as a responsible citizen. People
nowadays find it more interesting to post their happy moments with their family and
friends through Facebook or any social media platform. This is an example of
expressing their right as an individual. Post on your facebook account one happy
event with your family, A birthday, a baptism, or any happy gathering that you
enjoyed with your family. I will go over your face book to check it.

WHAT’S IN IT?

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 Social inequality is the existence of unequal opportunities and rewards for

different social positions or statuses within a group or society social . A similar

situation is faced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and Queer (LGBTQ), who

are often discriminated and ridiculed by society which considered them aberrations

or forms of deviancy. Members of the LGBTQ community is struggling to win

recognition for their civil rights, such as the right for same-sex marriage that have

already been granted in other countries

Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings. No matter what our

nationality is, what color our skin is, what status we have in the society, etc., we are

all equal. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible.

Ethnic minorities are also discriminated. They are often discriminated by the

people who do not understand their cultures and traditions.

There are policies crafted by the legislators to address this social inequality.

Some of which are: Indigenous People’s Rights Act that protects the rights of cultural

communities; the law that protect the rights of the person with disabilities (PWD). RA

10754 – An Act Expanding the Benefits and Privileges of Persons with Disability

(PWD); and the like. Why discrimination still exist?

GLOBAL INEQUALITY

Inequality does not exist only in localities and states but also among states. There

are states that are influential, wealthy and powerful. This leads to a situation of

global inequality; where poor has less power and rich is powerful.

Global inequality (also sometimes referred to as international inequality) can be

defined as the unequal distribution of material resources and income across

countries. Apart from economic figures, global inequality may also refer to the

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access to medical care and also to education. According to the global wealth report

of Global Suisse, half of the worldwide wealth is owned by the richest 1% of people.

This also implies huge international inequality which has many adverse

consequences.

In the following, the facts, development, causes, effects and solutions regarding

global inequality are examined. The following are the important global inequality

facts:

1. In 2018, the richest 26 people owned as much wealth as the 3.8 billion poorest

people, Half of humanity lives of less than 5.50 USD per day in 2018.

2. Global wealth worldwide amounts to 361 trillion USD in 2019

3. There are 47 million millionaires worldwide in 2019

4. The average wealth per capital amounts to 70,849 USD in 2019

5. It is estimated that total global wealth increases to 459 trillion USD until 2024

6. 56% of the worldwide population owns wealth less than 10,000 USD in 2019

7. Less than 11% of the global population owns more than 100,000 USD in wealth in

2019.

8. The 10% richest people own 84% of overall global wealth in 2019

9. The richest 1% of people owned around 45% of overall global wealth in 2019.

The following are the causes for global Inequality, to wit: political goals,

exploitation of poor countries, Tax avoidance, Lack of education, Lack of innovation,

Gender inequality, Insecurity regarding property rights, Low investment incentives for

firms, Low living quality, Regional factors, Conflicts, Famine, Consumption behavior

and Natural disasters. The effects of global inequality are:

1. Health effects 6. Poverty 11. Migration

2. Social tensions 7. Starvation

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3. Increased probability for conflicts 8. Lack of access to education

4. Frustration 9. Bad working conditions

5. Drug use 10. Radical movements

Solutions for Global Inequality:

1. Better access to education 7. Improve worker’s rights

2. Financial subsidies 8. Establish minimum wages

3. Create incentives for firms to locate to poor areas 9. Convince others

4. Increase incentives for innovation 10. Increase national stability levels

5. Worldwide support 11. Improve trade policies

6. Global wealth tax 12. Change consumption behavior

Global inequality is a big problem that has many severe adverse effects for

poor countries and the people living in those regions. Global inequality can be either

caused by human actions or also by natural circumstances.

In order to fight international inequality, it is crucial that countries all over the world

work together and share their newest research findings with each other.

Moreover, rich countries are in charge to provide financial subsidies for poor

countries in order to enable poor countries to progress. You can also contribute to a

reduction in inequality in your daily life by changing your consumption behavior.

All these actions can lead to a state where global inequality is reduced significantly

and people all over the world will benefit from the positive related effects.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?

Activity 3: Check your understanding. Write you answer on
your activity notebook.
1. Why do people need to have human rights?

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2. Define Human Rights.

WHAT I CAN DO?

Activity 4. Poster Making. On a short bond paper, draw a child
who is enjoying his/her rights (he/she can be a pupil, a happy
kid and the like).
Paste it on your activity notebook. The Criteria are as follows :
Content 50%
Creativity 30%
Cleanliness 20%
Total 100%

ASSESSMENT
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answer on your activity notebook.

1. It is the existence of unequal opportunities and rewards for

different social positions or statuses within a group or society.
a. socialization b. environment c. social inequality d. political

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2. It is an act on expanding the benefits and privileges on person with disability
(PWD).
a. RA 10458 b. RA 16114 c. RA 10754 d. RA 61425
3. It is an act of providing for the Rehabilitation, Self-Development and Self Reliance
of Disabled person.
a. RA 7277 b. RA 7728 c. RA2777 d. RA 6778
4. This situation exists where poor is powerless and rich is powerful.
a. global inequality b. social inequality c. uncertainty d.society
5. The effects of global inequality are :
a. Health effects, social tensions, and increased probability for conflicts
b. United nation cooperation on the law of safety
c. Education, church and convention
d. Hospital, malls and airports
6. These financial institutions are also positioned to have enormous influence in the
policy directions of the countries that are indebted to them since they can dictate
economic policies to comply with their conditions for loans.
a. The Philippine National bank
b. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and Asian Development Bank
(ADB)
c. The Philippine Stock Exchange
d. The Rural Banking Corporation
7. Solutions for Global Inequality
a. better access to education, Financial subsidies and Create incentives for firms to
locate to poor areas
b. Socialization plays no part in personality formation in individuals
c. Education, church and convention
d. Laws, government, bilateral and transnational
8. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Socialization plays no part in personality formation in individuals.
b. Large-scale complex societies that are not culturally homogenous
usually have unanimous agreement about what should be the shared norms.
c. Successful socialization can result in uniformity within a society.
d. b and c
9.   This rights sometimes called a declaration of rights or a charter of rights, is a list
of the most important rights to the citizens of a country.
a. bill of rights b. bill of lading c. bill of divorce d. bill on electricity
10. Global inequality can be either caused by_________________
a. human actions or also by natural circumstances c. society with no wealth.
b. poor races. d. poor government.

ANSWER KEY

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 REFERENCES
1. Durkheim, Emile. The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life: A
Study in Religious Sociology London: G.Allen & Unwin.1915.

2. Renard, John. The Handy Religion Answer Book Detroit: Visible

Ink Press 2002.
.3.. Antonio P. Contreras Ph.D, Arleigh Ross D. Dela Cruz PhD, Dennis S. Erasga,
PhD ,Cecile C. Fabrigon, PhD Cand, Project Director: Ronald B. Mactal, PhD.
Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics: Phoenix Publishing House 2016.
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%3A_The_Functionalist_Perspective_on_Deviance
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%5ECW3%5Exdm146%5ES35949%5EPH&ptb=599D4FAB-3B3C-44F6-B257-
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GfjUirv2sJcqCJ4kk9TYGJx1FROhzFnBmZIp8CgJIIrItoVfjJtEbJmoaKZ4YjGh2Y7GHABGVA
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https://www.fairtradewinds.net/guide-fair-trade-labels/

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Alternative Delivery Mode (DepEd-ADM)
Office Address: Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang, Zone 1, Cagayan de
Oro City, Cagayan de Oro, Lalawigan ng Misamis Oriental
Telefax:
E-mail Address:

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