Oral Communication in Context

Week 1, Module 5, Quarter 2

I. INSTRUCTION

Before going through, it is very important to read the lessons carefully to understand the concept. You
may collaborate with other students or consult other references, if it is necessary. There are follow-up activities
that are intended for you to process what have your learned. Lastly, enjoy what you are doing and be inspired
to study well.

II. INTRODUCTION

Previously we have examined the various oral communication activities and were able to identify the
unique attributes of each. These activities and their significance in communicating meaningfully are very
essential for an effective communication to take place. Write down the best things you have learned from the
previous module on evaluating oral communication activities. Write your answers in your Communication
Activity Notebook.

1. ___________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________

Wow, you surely have learned something from your previous lesson. You are now ready to move to the
next. Let’s get it on!

Learning Competencies: In this module you are expected to:

1. Identifies the various types of speech context

2. Exhibits appropriate verbal and non-verbal behavior in a given speech context
3. Distinguishes types of speech style
4. Identifies social situations in each speech style is appropriate to use
5. Observes the appropriate language forms in using a particular speech style
6. Responds appropriately and effectively to a speech act

III. CONCEPTS

Lesson
TYPES OF SPEECH CONTEXT
1

Speech context is the way that people use to communicate and transmit message orally or verbally
in a particular situation. People must understand the environmental context so that they can connect
with their audience and effectively deliver their speeches. The following are the different speech contexts:

1. Intrapersonal

It is when communication centers on one individual, for example, thinking, imagining, reflecting, and so on
over various situations. The speaker plays the roles of both the sender and the speaker of a message.
“This message is made up of your thoughts and feelings. There is feedback in the sense that as
you talk to yourself, you discard certain ideas and replace them with others.” (Hybels & Weaver, 2012)

Example:

A student is thinking about how fulfilling it was to receive high scores and a commendation from the
teacher for an excellent project made.

2. Interpersonal

It is when communication occurs between and among people which establishes relationships,
and develops rapport among them. “This highlights how interpersonal communication connects
 and links people together. It becomes personal as people ’s unique qualities matter.” (Solomon
and Theiss, 2013)

Types of Interpersonal Context

a) Dyad – communication involves two persons who are formally or informally interacting with each
other verbally and nonverbally.
Example: A student gives feedback on a speech performance by a classmate.

b) Small Group- communication involves at least three to fifteen people who are doing a face-to-face
interaction when all participants share ideas freely in a discussion.

Example: The class officers are discussing how to impose classroom rules.

3. Public

This type of communication requires a speaker to deliver or send message in front of a

group. “In public communication, unlike in interpersonal and small group, the channels are more
exaggerated and in big crowd, hence speakers need to increase voice volume, use gestures,
and visual aids such as PowerPoint presentation to emphasize information. ” (Hybels &
Weaver, 2012)

Example: A Class Valedictorian delivers a graduation speech to his batch during the graduation rites.

Form of Public Communication

a) Mass Communication – It is to communicate between an entity and a large and diverse

audience, mediated by some form of technology such as television, radio, magazines, newspapers,
books, internet and other types of media.

Example: A journalist expressing his stand on current issues through a radio program.

Lesson
TYPES OF SPEECH STYLE
2

Speech style refers to the distinctive way of communicating to others such as the patterns of
speaking which are characterized by vocabulary, pronunciation, intent, participants and grammatical
structures.

Five Types of Speech Styles

1. Intimate – This style is private, which occurs between or among close family members or
individuals. The type of language used in this style may not be shared publicly.

2. Casual – This style is common among peers and friends. Jargon, slang, or vernacular language
are used. This style is usually seen in the streets, during lunch time with friends and the like.

3. Consultative – The style of speech is a standard one where professional or mutually acceptable
language is a must. Examples of this are situations between teachers and students,
employers and employees, doctor and patient, judge and lawyer, or president and his/her
constituents.

4. Formal – This style is used in settings that adhere to formal procedures. This speech style is
one-way in nature. Examples of this are sermons by priests and pastors, state of the nation
address of the president, formal speeches or pronouncements by the judges.

5. Frozen – This style is ‘frozen’ in time and remains unchanged. It mostly occurs in
ceremonies. Common examples are the Preamble of the Constitution, Lord’s Prayer and
Allegiance to the country or flag.

Lesson
TYPES OF SPEECH ACTS
3
 Speech Act is an utterance that a speaker intends to affect his/her audience. Speech acts functions
include apology, greeting, request, complaint, invitation, complaint, compliment, or refusal. Speech acts have
real-life interactions and require not only knowledge of the language but also appropriate use of that language
within a given culture.

Types of Speech Acts

According to the Speech Act Theory Developer J. L. Austin (1962), a language philosopher suggested that
utterances have three kinds of meaning, given the right circumstances or contexts which directly affect what
the speaker really means.

1. Locutionary act is the actual act of uttering or the literal meaning of the utterance.

Example: “Please pass your project.”

2. Illocutionary act is the social function of what is being said or the purpose of the person saying
such words.

Example: “Can you submit your project today?” The person is requesting the listener to submit
his/her project today.”

3. Perlocutionary act is the resulting act of what is said or the hearer recognizes the intention of the
speaker.

Example. “Can you submit your project today?”

(The listener gets the point, therefore he/she would submit his/her project on that day.)

Indirect speech acts – these are speech acts which function does not have a direct relationship
with what the speaker actually means in his/her statement.

Please consider this utterance:

“The door is still open!” Implied speech act: Are you capable to close the door? - Here, the speaker
literally questioned somebody if he or she has the ability to close the door. This indirectly requests
the addressee to close the door in behalf of the speaker.

Performatives - a special type of speech act which statements with verbs to execute the speech
act that intend to affect. Performative speech acts only “work” when said by the authoritative
person, for instance: in a wedding the priest would say “I now pronounce you man and wife” and the
organization’s president shall say to end up a meeting “The meeting is adjourned.”

Figure 1. Illustrates the aspects of Speech Act

Searle’s Classification of Illocutionary Speech Act

 As a response to Austin’s Speech Act Theory, John Searle (1976) a university professor of California,
Berkeley, has five general classifications of speech act, and they are the following:

1. Assertive – this speech act grants the speaker to convey his/her view that the proposal made is
correct. The examples are suggesting, putting forward, swearing, boasting and concluding.

I make the best cake in town.

2. Directive – In this speech act, the speaker tries to make the addressee do what is being asked.
Some examples of these include asking, ordering, requesting, inviting, advising and begging.

Please come tomorrow morning for the meeting.

3. Commissive – this speech act compasses the speaker to make future actions, e.g. promises and
oaths.

Starting today, I will never comment negatively about a post on Facebook.

4. Expressive – This speech act allows the speaker to express his feelings and attitudes. These are
words that express gratitude or thanks, congratulating, apologizing, welcoming and deploring.

I appreciate your effort in solving this problem.

5. Declaration - This speech act brings a change in the external situation. Some examples of
declarations are baptizing, firing, bidding, wedding and blessing.

I now pronounce you husband and wife.

REFERENCES:

Offene-Hochschule.Org. https://offene-hochschule.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/06_Worksheet-Styles.pdf.

Americanenglish.State.Gov. Accessed May 15.

https://americanenglish.state.gov/files/ae/resource_files/more_dialogs_for_everyday_use_508.pdf.

Bajracharya, Shraddha. 2020. "Verbal Versus Non-Verbal Communication - Businesstopia". Businesstopia.

https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/verbal-vs-non-verbal-communication.

"Chapter 4: Lesson 1: Types Of Speech Style Flashcards | Quizlet". 2020. Quizlet.

https://quizlet.com/167947832/chapter-4-lesson-1-types-of-speech-style-flash-cards/.

COMMUNICATION, ORAL, and Speech Styles. 2020. "Speech Styles — ELCOMBLUS". ELCOMBLUS.
https://elcomblus.com/speech-styles-definition-types-and-examples/.

"Dialogs For Everyday Use". 2020. Americanenglish.State.Gov.

https://americanenglish.state.gov/resources/dialogs-everyday-use.

"Example Of A Telephone Call. Call Center Conversation". 2019.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxh4HLeIV7s.

"Exercises On Speech Acts With Answers Covered.Docx - Exercises On Speech Acts A Identifying
Illocutionary Acts A Friend Says To Another Friend Why Dont | Course Hero". 2020. Coursehero.Com.
https://www.coursehero.com/file/27820140/Exercises-on-Speech-Acts-with- answers-covereddocx/.

Güllübudak. 2020. "Speech Acts". Slideshare.Net. Accessed May 20.

https://www.slideshare.net/elifgllbdk/speech-acts-59844187.

"List Of Verbal Communication Skills Employers Seek". 2020. The Balance Careers.
https://www.thebalancecareers.com/verbal-communication-skills-list-2059698.
"Non Verbal Communication". 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKhsavlvuao.

"[Order] May I Take Your Order? I'd Like A Pizza. (At The Restaurant) - Easy English Dialogue". 2015.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWMMkp35d6Y.

"Pronunciation And Spoken Discourse". 2020. Science Liguistics. Accessed May 22.
https://842118672383970509.weebly.com/pronunciation-and-spoken-discourse.html.
Sipacio, Philippe John Fresnillo, and Anna Richie Garcia Balgos. 2016. Oral Communication In Context
Textbook For Senior High School. Quezon City: C & E Publishing House Inc.
Sipacio, Philippe John Fresnillo, and Anna Richie Garcia Balgos. 2016. Oral Communication In Context.
Quezon City: C & E Publishing House Inc.

"Speech Acts, Contexts And Style - Quiz". 2020. Quizizz.Com. Accessed May 20.
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5b4dc0ce98d5050019e25323/speech-acts-contexts-and- style.

"Speech Acts (Discourse Analysis)". 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoslPthfKo4.

"Speech Style - Quiz". 2020. Quizizz.Com.

https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5cf8b9dc661d41001ee87dcc/speech-style.

"Types Of Speech Style". 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8vReAUspSk.

"TYPES OF SPEECH STYLES". 2020. ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT.

https://oralcom.wordpress.com/2016/10/14/types-of-speech-styles.

"Verbal And Non Verbal Communication Flashcards | Quizlet". 2020. Quizlet. Accessed May 13.
https://quizlet.com/307302058/verbal-and-non-verbal-communication-flash-cards/.

Republic of the Philippines

Mindanao State University
 MALABANG COMMUNITY HIGH SCHOOL
Malabang, Lanao del Sur
School Year 2020 - 2021

WORKSHEETS
Week 1, Module 5, Quarter 2
Name: _______________________________ Grade & Section: ___________________ Score: __________

ASSESSMENT – Lesson 1
Direction: Write the letter of your choice on the blanks provided before the number.

___1. In order to make a successful communication one needs to _____

a. Understand word-sentence relationships
b. Understand word-sentence relationships and its speech acts
c. Letters A and B are true
d. Letters A and B are not true
___2. In presenting a particular topic clearly and truthfully and saying only relevant details., someone is doing
_______
a. Nominating c. Taking turn
b. Restricting d. Terminating
___3. In this type of speech context, the speaker plays dual roles such as being the the sender and being the
receiver of the message.
a. Enterpersonal c. Intrapersonal
b. Interpersonal d. Entrapersonal
___4. This is a speech context whereby communication occurs between two people.
a. Dyad c. Mono
b. Small group d. Peer Group
___5. The items below are the advantages of delivering information to a group. Which item does not belong to
the group?
a. The message is driven by informational purposes.
b. The channels are more exaggerated.
c. The audience is bigger and information range is wider.
d. Vested interest
___6. In communicating distinctively, a speaker will use linguistic patterns, vocal and nonverbal
behaviors. This pertains to _________.
a. Speech Context c. Speech Act
b. Speech Style d. Speech Competence
___7. A Communication context that is information driven which is usually presented to or in front of a
group I classified as ________
a. Mass Communication c. Interpersonal Communication
b. Public Communication d. Interpersonal Communication
___8. It is a sample context that speakers participate in a discussion during an organizational meeting.
a. Small group
b. Interpersonal
c. Dyad
d. Perlocutionary
___9. In delivering a valedictory address the following are observed. Identify which does not below to the
group.
a. Deliver a message to a group
b. Loudness of voice
c. Hand gestures
d. Share message through other media like radio
___ 10. The speech context that is used whenever you provide comfort to a friend who was feeling depressed
from a heartbreak is _________.

a. Public c. Dyad
b. Interpersonal d Intrapersonal

ASSESSMENT – Lesson 2
Activity 1

Direction: Name the type of speech style appropriate for the following situations. Write the letter of your choice
on the blanks provided before the number.

A. INTIMATE B. CASUAL C. CONSULTATIVE D. FORMAL E. FROZEN.

_________ 1. Ann leads the prayer before meal in a celebration.

_________ 2. The teacher reads the criteria for evaluation of an artwork.
_________ 3. The field reporter delivers a news report on TV.
_________ 4. Mayoralty candidate Mr. Gue shares his platform of governance during the campaign rally.
_________ 5. Mara gives instructions to her friends on how to get to her house.
_________ 6. The students recited in unison their pledge of allegiance to the Philippine National Flag.
_________ 7. Ysabelle consulted her parents about her preferred course for college.
_________ 8. The counselor gave counsel to students who are always late in classes.
_________ 9. The teacher gives her final instructions before the class ’ speech performance on stage.
_________ 10. A stranger was asking where to find the municipal hall.

Activity 1.1

Direction: Identify the speech style used from statements that follow. Choose the letter of your answer and
write it on the blanks provided before the number.

A. CASUAL B. INTIMATE C. FROZEN E. FORMAL D. CONSULTATIVE

What type of speech is used in each sample greeting below?

_____ 1. Hey, Jack. What's up?
_____ 2. Hello, good morning. May I speak to Ms. Abatayo, please?
_____ 3. My darling, how was your first day at work?
_____ 4. My salute to the dignitaries present, Ladies and Gentlemen , Welcome to this affair.
_____ 5. Welcome to Binuangan SHS Open House where future leaders are developed through faith and
technology. Hope you will enjoy the tour.

What speech type is used in each of the following sample content?

_____ 6. I am sorry, sir. As I understand the task, we need to focus on improving our delivery times rather than
blaming our suppliers.
_____ 7. Whoa, way to go! Nice catch!
_____ 8. Lord, I offer You all my prayers, works, joys and suffering of this day.
_____ 9. Ako ay buong katapatang nanunumpa sa watawat ng Pilipinas
_____ 10. You're so brilliant. Keep up the good work, son.

Activity 2

Direction: Write the letter of your choice on the blanks provided before the number.

____1. Identify from the situations given below which need a consultative speech style.
a. campaign speech delivery
b. counseling session with the guidance counselor
c. a talk of encouragement for a son / daughter
d. a speech delivery of a president during a press conference

____2. Identify from the following situations that need a casual speech style.
a. a talk with a friend while jogging c. oratorical speech delivery
b. leading a prayer before meal d. a talk to a guidance counselor
____3. This style occurs between or among close family members or individuals.
a. consultative b. intimate c. Formal d. Frozen

____4. Which from the situations do not use formal speech style?
a. inquiring at a hotel c. a homily from a priest
b. delivering an oratorical speech d. a State of the Nation Address of the president

____5. This speech style uses jargons, slang or the vernacular language.
a. casual c. frozen
b. consultative d. intimate

____6. This style is used in formal settings.

a. frozen c. formal
b. intimate d. consultative

____7. The speech style in number 6 uses employs improvised not prepared speech.
a. casual language c. intimate
b. formal language d. frozen

____8. These are the defining devices in a casual/ informal style EXCEPT
a. ellipsis c. specially chosen words
b. unconventional English d. profanity

____9. In this speech style, Non-verbal communication, such as eye contact, gestures, and facial expression
of showing sympathy is highly observed.
a. formal style c. casual style
b. intimate style d. consultative style

____10. The speaker supplies background information while the listener participates continuously is evident in
this speech style.
a. formal style c. consultative style
b. intimate style d. casual style

ASSESSMENT – Lesson 3

Activity 1

Direction: After learning the unique characteristics of Searle’s Classifications of Speech Act, you are now
ready to identify what illocutionary act is used in the following utterances. Color the circle before each
utterance using the assigned color for each type.

Assertive Directive Commissive

Expressive Declaration

1. I think I can do better than him.

2. Please pay attention.
3. I am sorry for not being able to help you in making our project.
4. You are fired!
5. You are now husband and wife.
6. Welcome to my 18th Birthday party.
7. Make yourself comfortable.
8. Put your phone in a silent mode.
9. We find the defendant guilty.
10. From now on, I’ll be nice to him.

Activity 2

Direction: Write the letter of your choice on the blanks provided before the number.

______1. J.L Austin (1962) developed this breakthrough of the use of a language. What theory is it?
A. Speech Context Theory C. Speech Styles Theory
B. Speech Acts Theory D. All of the above
______2. What speech act did John Searle (1976) classify?
 A. locutionary C. perlocutionary
B. illocutionary D. commentary
______3. Which of the following is not a type of a speech act?
A. locutionary C. perlocutionary
B. illocutionary D. commentary
______4. “I have a class at 4:00 o ’clock in the afternoon.” What illocutionary act is this a sample of?
A. assertive C. commissive
B. directive D. passive
______5.What illocutionary act is expressed in the statement “I nominate Mr. Earl John for the office of the
president”?
A. directive C. commissive
B. expressive D. declaration

______6. The statement, “I will love him forever”, uses this speech act. What is it?
A. commissive C. declaration
B. expressive D. assertive
______7. “The door is open.” What does this speech mean?
A. The listener is asking to close the door. C. The speaker is asking if the door is open.
B. The listener is directing to close the door. D. The speaker is directing to close the door.
______8. What is the possible illocutionary act for the statement “ I promise to stop by”?
A. the speaker is stopping by C. the receiver is waiting
B. the speaker is making a promise D. the receiver is hearing the promise
______9. Tell which speech is indirectly expressed.
A. It’s cold in here. C. I am asking you to please close the door.
B. Can you please close the door because its cold? D. None of the above
______10. The effect of the pandemic will dictate the economic trends of the next couple of years. As used
here, the word “dictate” likely means;
A. determined B. emotional. C. realistic. D. sarcastic.
FINAL ASSESSMENT
Direction: Write the letter of your choice on the blanks provided before the number.
______1. The speaker will use this type of utterance to achieve desired effect to a particular audience.
A. a speech context C. speech styles
B. speech acts D. formal speeches
______2. Identify which of the following is not a type of a speech act.
A. locutionary C. perlocutionary
B. illocutionary D. commentary
______3. This speech act shows word consequences of an utterance.
A. perlocutionary C. illocutionary
B. locutionary D. colocutionary
______4. Which of the following is not a classifications of speech act?
A. assertive C. commissive
B. directive D. passive
______5. It is an illocutionary point where statements commit the speaker to a course of action.
A. assertive C. expressive
B. commissive D. directive
______6.These are verbs that execute the speech act that they intend to affect the receiver to do something.
A. performatives C. expressive
B. assertive D. declarative
______7. Which of these functions does not carry out a speech act
A. greetings C. scrutiny
B. apology D. compliment
______8. Examine the dialogue below. Decide what it means to you as an audience.
Student A: “Thanks”
Student B: “Thank you for being so nice to me.”
A. Both A and B show appreciation C. Only B shows appreciation
B. Both A and B does not show appreciation D. A does not show appreciation
______9. In a wedding, the phrase “I now pronounce you husband and wife, ” becomes meaningful if uttered
by an authorized agent like a priest because____
A. the occurrence was unusual C. the situation is not appropriate
B. the condition was met D. the situation is critical
______10. This term refers to the ability to use language effectively in communicating.
A. communicative competence C. language use
B. communicative gap D. language nuisance