Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
35 views

Chapter 1 Introduction

This document provides an introduction to methods, standards, and work design. It discusses how these tools can increase productivity and are applicable across business functions like production, sales, engineering and management. The objective of methods and standards is to combine low production costs with high employee satisfaction without sacrificing safety. The document outlines the systematic approach used by methods engineers, including identifying problems, analyzing jobs, developing new methods, establishing time standards, and following up. It also provides some historical context on pioneers in time and motion study.

Uploaded by

Cahya Farhan Muhammad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
35 views

Chapter 1 Introduction

This document provides an introduction to methods, standards, and work design. It discusses how these tools can increase productivity and are applicable across business functions like production, sales, engineering and management. The objective of methods and standards is to combine low production costs with high employee satisfaction without sacrificing safety. The document outlines the systematic approach used by methods engineers, including identifying problems, analyzing jobs, developing new methods, establishing time standards, and following up. It also provides some historical context on pioneers in time and motion study.

Uploaded by

Cahya Farhan Muhammad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

11/09/2018

METHODS, STANDARDS & WORK


DESIGN: AN INTRODUCTION
Danu Hadi Syaifullah

INTRODUCTION

What is?

METHODS, STANDARDS & WORK


DESIGN
Importance?

1
11/09/2018

Productivity Importance

• Business and enterprise can grow and increase


its profitability by increasing its productivity
• Fundamental tools that result in increased
productivity are: methods, time study
standards (work measurement), and work
design

Applicability of Methods, Standards and


Work Design (MS and WD):
• All aspects of business/industry such as
stores, hotels, hospitals, banks, airlines,
government, etc
• Sales, finance, production, engineering, cost,
maintenance, and management.
• Considered by most as applicable to only the
production function.

2
11/09/2018

Background
• If the production department is the heart of
an industry then methods, standards, and
work design is the heart of production.
• This function determines how competitive a
product/company will become.
• Who performs this analysis? Engineers, Office
Administrators, psychologists, HR, supervisors,
and workers.

The objective of the manager of MS


and WD:
• Combining the lowest possible production
cost with maximum employee satisfaction,
w/o sacrificing workplace safety  WD
• Includes: Designing, creating, and selecting
the best manufacturing methods and
processes, tools, equipment, and training
workers to produce a desired
product/service MS

3
11/09/2018

4
11/09/2018

5
11/09/2018

Overall Approach to the Application of Method


Engineering and Time Study:
• Identify the problem
• Break job down into operations
• Analyze each for most economical method
(consider Ergonomics/Safety)
• Apply proper time values
• Place method in service
• Follow up for adjustments/changes

6
11/09/2018

Methods Engineering
• AKA: Overall Approach, work design, re-
engineering, productivity improvement
(increased production/unit time or decrease
cost/unit)
• Primary responsibility: Design and develop
Work Center (WC) where product will be
produced
• Secondary responsibility: Continue
re-study WC’s to find a better way!

Systematic Approach

• To develop a work center, produce a product, or provide


a service used by methods engineers
• Select the project
• Retrieve, format and present data
• Analyze data
• Develop method
• Present and install method
• Develop a job analysis
• Establish time standards
• Follow up

7
11/09/2018

Work Design
• Fit the task and work station to the operator
(Ergonomics)
• Overly simplifying procedures result in machine-like
repetitive tasks leading to increased rates of work-
related musculoskeletal disorders
• Method Engineers must incorporate ergonomics and
safety considerations into the development / re-
structure of new or existing methods

Standards
• End result of time study or work measurement
• Establishes an allowed time to perform a given
task, based on measurable results
• Considers allowances for fatigue, personal,
and unavoidable delays

8
11/09/2018

Historical Perspective
• Frederick Taylor is considered the father of
modern time studies in the USA
• Breaks up work assignments into tasks known
as “elements”
• Many standards were based on supervisors
guess or inflated to show false gains within
the department

History (cont.)
• Congress basically restricts “time study” work
until ban lifted in 1949
• Gilberths are founders of modern motion
study (micromotion)
• 1917 Gantt develops charts to show project
schedules for war time shipbuilding
• 1957 Human Factors Society founded in USA

9
11/09/2018

References
• Niebel’s Methods, Standards and Work
Design, 12th edition, Benjamin Niebel & Andris
Freivalds, McGrawHill International, 2009
• The Ergonomics Kit for general industry, Dan
MacLeod, Taylor & Francis, 2006
• Motion and Time Study: Design and
Measurement of Work, Barnes, Ralph M.,
John Wiley and Sons, 1980
• Lecture Notes

10

You might also like