Ax' + BX +C 0: Quadratic Equation

7
ax’ + bx +c = 0
a = Co-efficient of “x2”
b = Co-efficient of “x”
C = Constant Term
S
Quadratic Equation
By
Amrish sir
Summary
1) Three Main Types of Equations
2) Characteristics of Quadratic Equation
3) Standard Form of Quadratic Equations
4) Graphical Representation of Quadratic Equation
5) Two Methods to Solve Quadratic Equations
a) Factorization __b) Formula Method
6) Relation between Delta (A) & Roots.
7) Mathematical Operations (+, -, x, +) on Roots
8) Find Equation from Given Roots
9) Find 2™4 Root & Equation from given 1 Root
10) Relation Betn. Delta ( A) / Roots & “k” Rel. Que.
11) Five Special Short - Cuts to Solve Quadratic Eq"
12) Ten Special or Typical Formula
13) Exam Oriented Practice - 40 Examples
Weightage & Our Mission For this Chapter
Weightage
1 or 2 Marks - in All Exams
(— Our Mission
We should be able to solve Questions
in Maximum 30 Sec. Then only we are
Expert in this Topic. Just Knowing
To Solve is Not Sufficient, Speed &
Accuracy will play Important Role. y
1) Three Main Types of Equations
(— There are 3 Main Types of equations

1) Linear Equations ( Max. Power = 1 )
E.g., 3x + 4y = 8 (1 Root, Need 2 Eqn. to Solve )
2) Quadratic Equations ( Max. Power = 2 )
E.g., 5x*
+ 7x-6 = 0(2 Roots x=-2o0r3/5 )
3) Polynomial Equations ( Max. Power > 2 )
E.g., 5x* + 7x? - 6x? + 8x - 7 = 0 (4 Roots)
Tscae : As Much Highest Power - As Many ae /
Types of | Represents | Max. | No. of Graph
Equations | onGraph | Power | Solution P
1)| Linear Line 1 1 —_—
2) | Quadratic Curve 2 2
3) |Polynomial| Multicurve | >2 >2 q k

2) Characteristics of Quadratic Equation
> The Word Quadratic has been derived from
Greek Word “Quadra” which Means “Two”
Hence, Quadratic Equation is a Equation with
Highest Power “Two’ for the given Variable.
> Quadratic Equation Represent Curve on Graph.
> Moreover, there is a Rule - “As Much Highest Power

of Equation as many Roots / Solution we Get for Eq.”
Therefore,
Quadratic Equation Has Two Roots 1.e., Two Sol”.
e.g.,: 2x* + 9x - 45 = 0 (2 Roots: x =- 15/2 or 3)
Linear Equation Has One Root For Each Variable.
e.g.,:5x + 3y=13;3x-y=5(1 Root:x=2&y=1)
3) Standard Form of Quadratic Equation
ax’ + bx +c = 0
Where, a = Co-efficient of “ x?”
C = Constant Term
Identify a, b,c in Below Equations

1) Equation : 6x? - 9x = 6
2) Equation : 3x*- 7=0
3) Equation: 2x* -11x=0
4) Equation: x? +4x+29=0
3) Standard Form of Quadratic Equation
ax’ + bx +c = 0
Where, a = Co-efficient of “ x?”
C = Constant Term
Identify a, b,c in Below Equations

1) Equation: 6x? - 9x = 6 Ans: 1)a=6,b=-9,c=-6
2) Equation : 3x7-7=0 Ans: 2)a=3,b=0,c=-7
3) Equation: 2x*-11x=0 Ans:3)a=2,b=-11,c=0
4) Equation: x? +4x+29=0 Ans:4)a=1,b=4,c=29
4) Graphical Representation of Qua. Equation
: Equation
- 1:
ax? -bx+c=0
a
: Equation
- 2:
ax” - bx -c=0 OR ax’? + bx-c=0
a
: Equation
- 3:
ax? + bx +c=0
a
: Equation - 4:
No Roots or Imaginary Roots
a
5) Methods to Solve Quadratic Equation
There are 2 Methods to Solve Quadratic Equation
1) Factorization Method
2) Formula Method
Factorization Method Formula Method

( Used when Factors ( Used when Factors
are Possible ) are not Possible )
: Example :
: Example: x2-10x+12=0
x2-7x+12=0 Step 1: Find A = b? - 4ac
Step 2 : Put the value of
(x-4)(x-3)=0 A in below Formula:
Roots: x=4ORx=3 (-b+ A) /2a
“A” is also called Discriminant
6) Relation between Delta ( A ) & Roots
Relation| Types of Roots Example Roots
a) If Perfect Square:| x?-17x+30=0

2 Unequal A =(-17)?- x=150R2
ed Rational Roots 4(1)(38) = 169
A>0 b) If Not P. Square x?-8x+9=0 = 44/17

2 Unequal A = (-8)? - 4(1)(9) = - M47
Irrational Roots = 28 ~
Case -2 Two Equal / x? - 6x +9 =0

A=0 Identical /Same / | A= (-6)? - 4(1)(9)| a, B=3&3
— Coinciding Roots =36-36=0
Case -3 Two Unequal x? -4x+9=0 VA=¥7- 20
A<0 Imaginary Roots OR | A=(-4)? - 4(1)(9) | Root of (- ve)
Roots Not Possible | =16-36=-20 | Not Possible
7) Mathematical Opn.’s (+, -, x, +) on Roots
(1) (2)
a+B-=— ax fp = —
a a
(3) (4)
a -b+yVA + JA
B -b-VA tae a
: Formula:
x*-(a+B)x+aBP=0
Example 1: Find Eqn. Whose Roots are 3 and - 8.

: Formula:
x*-(a+B)x+aBP=0
Example 1: Find Eqn. Whose Roots are 3 and - 8.
x?-(a+B)x+aBP=0
ox’ - {3+(-8)}x + (3)(-8) = 0
x2 - {(-5)}x - 24 = 0
“ x? + 5x - 24 = Ois Required Equation
: Formula:
x*-(a+B)x+aBP=0
Example 2 : Find Eqn. Whose Roots are 12 and - 5.

: Formula:
x*-(a+B)x+aBP=0
Example 2 : Find Eqn. Whose Roots are 12 and - 5.
x?-(a+B)x+aBP=0
“x? - {12 +(-5)}x + (12)(-5) = 0
“x? - {(7)}x + (- 60) = 0
“. x2 - 7x - 60 = Ois Required Equation
9) Find 2" Root & Eqn. from given 1° Root
Example 1 : If 1St Root of an Equation is 5 - /3.
Find the other Root & Also Find the Equation
Example 1 : If 1St Root of an Equation is 5 - /3.
Solution
If 15t Root is “m + Jk” ; 2" Root is Always “ m - /k”
& If 15‘ Root is “m - Vk ”;2"¢ Root is Always “ m + vk .
Hence If 1st Root a = 5-/3 than 2™ Root B = 5+7/3
Now to Find Egn. Use Formula: x? -(a+8)x+aBp=0
x? - {(5-J/3)+(5+/3)}x + (5 -J3)(5 +3) = 0
«x? - (10)x + {(5)?-(V3)?} = 0
“ x? + 10x + 22 = Ois the Required Equation
Example 2: If 15t Root of an Equation is 2 + /7.
Example 2: If 15t Root of an Equation is 2 + /7.
Solution
& If 15‘ Root is “m - Vk ”; 24 Root is Always “ m + vk .
Hence If 1st Root a = 2+./7 than 2" Root B = 2-/7
Now to Find Egn. Use Formula:
x? -(a+8)x+aBp=0
x2 - {(2 +4/7) +(2-VJ7)}x + (2 +J/7)(2 -J7) = 0
«x2 - (4)x + {(2)?-(/7)?} = 0
. x*- 4x - 3 = Ois the Required Equation
Example 3 : If 1st Root of an Equation is 3 + 4/5.
9) Find 2" Root from given 1° Root
Example 3 : If 1st Root of an Equation is 3 + 4/5.
Solution
& If 15‘ Root is “m - Vk ”;2™¢ Root is Always “ m i. .
If 1st Root a = 3+4/5 than 2™ Root B = 3-4/5
Now to Find Egn. Use Formula: x? -(a+8)x+aBp=0
x2 -{(3 + 4/5)+(3 -4/5)} x+ (3 +4/5)(3 - 4/5) = 0
» x2 - (6)x + {(3)?-(4V5)7} = 0
.. x*- 6x - 71 = Ois the Required Equation
10) Relation between A/ Roots & ‘k’ related Que.
:Rule-1:
‘+’ & ‘-’ does not change Equality
sign but ‘x’ & ‘+’ change
Equality signfrom >to < or <to>
: Example 1:
4k* - 1620
« 4k? => 16 (‘-’ to ‘+’ does not change Equality Sign)
. k? <¢ 16/4 (‘x’ to ‘+’ Changes Equality Sign = to < )
» k* <4
»~k<s +2
Which means : k 2+2Zork s -2
i.e. Value of ‘k’ Cannot be Between - 2 & 2
: Rule -2:
Whenever in Que., If we are asked to Find Value of
‘k’ for which Roots are Imaginary we have to solve
Que. for Condition roots are Real . i.e. A = 0
: Example 2:
Find the value of ‘k’ for which
Equation : 3x? - kx + 12 = 0 has two identical / same roots

: Rule -2:
: Example 2 :
Equation : 3x? - kx + 12 = 0 has two identical / same roots
: Solution :
Equal roots means A = 0
« b? - 4ac =0
“(-k)?-4(3)(12)=0
“k? = 144
»k=+12
Hence if Value of k = 12 or - 12 Roots of above
Equation will be Identical/ Coinciding or Same
: Rule -2:
: Example 3:
Equation : 9x’ - 2kx + 1 = 0 has Real Roots

: Rule -2:
: Example 3:
Equation : 9x? - 2kx + 1 = 0 has Real Roots
: Solution:
Real roots means k 2 0
. b?-4ac20 But ‘k’ Can’t be between
» (-2k)?-4(9)(1)20 -3&3
» 4k* = 36 If we put value between
* k? < 36/4 (Eq. Sign Ch.) -3&3
« k?<¢ 9,.k<s-3 ork 2 3 It will give Imaginary Roots
: Rule -2:
Que. for Condition roots are Real. i.e. A = 0
Example 3 : Explanation through Number Line

|
|
<——— -3 0 3 ————
Real if <-3 Real if >3
Including - 3 ; Including 3
Imaginary between
-3&3
Excluding both
: Rule -2:
Que. for Condition roots are Real . i.e. A > 0
: Example 4:
Equation : 3x* - kx + 12 = 0 gives Imaginary Roots.

: Rule -2:
Que. for Condition roots are Real . i.e. A > 0
: Example 4:
Equation : 3x* - kx + 12 = 0 gives Imaginary Roots.
Soln: k20 ( Real Roots )
»(-k)?-4(3)(12)20 Hence to have Imaginary
wk? > 144 Roots Value of ‘k’ should be
*» k <-12 ork 2 12 between -12 & 12
ie. -12 < k < 12

Will give Real Roots
: Rule -2:
Que. for Condition roots are Real. i.e. A = 0
Example 4 : Explanation through Number Line
<<. -12 0 12 ——————>

Real if <- 12 Real if >12
Including - 12 Imaginary between Including 12
-12&12
Excluding both
11) Five Special S. - Cuts to Solve Quad. Eg"
Trick Example Roots
el _
Ifa+b+c=0, Sane a=1,
Wherea=1&6=3 _
then always 6 =(r-p)
a=1&B=c/a
_ - (p-q)x? samples
+ (q-r)x + (r-p)=0 (p - q)
a=c,b=-ac-1
Then Roots are 4x?-17x+4=0 a=4,
Always Reciprocal a=a,B=1/a B=1/4
Of each other.
a=-c,b=act+l
Then Roots are 4x?-15x-4=0 _
: a=4,
Always Opposite a=a, B= -1/4
Sign & Reciprocal B=-1/a
Of Each Other
11) Five Special S. - Cuts to Solve Quad. Eq"
Trick Example Roots
If That i
. If Roots of Equation aang
a & c interchange x2-7x+12=0 If Roots of
then Roots of New Are a=4&6=3 Original Eqn.
-quation aus Than Roots of New Eqn. Are a & B
Reciprocal
Roots of
of |14,2_7x+1=0willbe| ,NewRoots of
Eqn. are
. . a=1/4&B=1/3
Original Equation 1/a,1/6
If b=0,a&cz#0| InEgn. x2 - 9 = 0, The Roots

Roots are Equal Value of b=0 Will be
in Magnitude Hence Roots are a =3
i.e., Value Equal in Value B =-3
But Opp. in Sign Opp. In Sign Equal & Opp.
12) Ten Special or Typical Formulas
Formula Used as Reference in Calculations
( 4) \f( @y )
( @m )\)\f _)
a -b+ V/A _ +JA
B -b-VA a-B = a
(1)
I 1 . a+ B _ 7b/a _ -b
« 6B agp ca c
(2 ) - Most Imp. as (3) & (4) are Derived From (2)
a?+B2= (a+B)?-2a8
(3)
2 2 b?
- 2ac
eo = ot BO | a2 = b? - Zac
a a B c/a ac
(4)
b?
- 2ac
1,142,808 . a2 _ b2 - Zac
a? B a? B2 c2
(5) - Less Used
+ JA >|. +b/A
a’- B= (a-B)(a+B)=
a a a’
(6 ) - Most Imp. as (7, 8 & 9) are Derived From (6)
at
+ B° = (a+ B)>-3
a8 (a+ B)
Ey
-b? 3bc -b?+3abc
a? a’ a3
(7)
a B oF + BF “b+ sabe) - b? + 3abc
(8)
Bt gtegs —h3
ems a Sabe
“bo
B a ap —— azc
(9)
-b? + 3abc
1 1 a? + B eae - b? + 3abc
a 3
Il
I
+
c3/a3
(10)
(a +1) (6 +1)
= af$8+a+6+1 (Open Bracket)
= -b po + 1
a a
-b+cta a-b+c
a a
40 Examples
For
Exam Oriented Practice

7
Exam Oriented Practice Question - 1
If a, B are the roots of x? - px+ q = 0,

then the value of a? + B7 is:
a) p? + 2q b) p*
- 2q
c) p(p? - 3q) d) p? - 4q

then the value of a? + B7 is:
a) p?+2q b) p? -2q
c) p(p? - 3q) d) p? - 4q
Answer :(b)
Method to Solve - Use Special Formula
If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

x? - 6x + 6 = 0, then the value of a? + B7 is:
a) 36 b) 24
c) 12 d) 6

x? - 6x + 6 = 0, then the value of a? + B7 is:
a) 36 b) 24
c) 12 d) 6
Answer: (b )

x* - 8x + p = 0, and the value of a’ + B? = 40 then
p =?
a) 8 b) 10
c) 12 d) 14

x* - 8x + p = 0, and the value of a’ + B? = 40 then
p =?
a) 8 b) 10
c) 12 d) 14
Answer: (c )

x*+x +1=0, then the value
of a* + B* =?
a) 0 b) 1
c) -1 d) None

x*+x +1=0, then the value
of a* + B* =?
a) 0 b) 1
c) -1 d) None
Answer: (c )

2x* - 4x + 3 = 0, then the value of a? + B? =?
a) 0 b) 1
c) -1 d) None

2x* - 4x + 3 = 0, then the value of a? + B? =?
a) 0 b) 1
c) -1 d) None
Answer: (c )
Exam Oriented Practice Question —- 6
If a, 6 are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

x?
- 5x + 6 = 0, then the value of a? - B? =?
a) +4 b) +5
c) +6 d) 0
Exam Oriented Practice Question —- 6
If a, 6 are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

x?
- 5x + 6 = 0, then the value of a? - B? =?
a) +4 b) +5
c) +6 d) 0
Answer: (b )

then the value of (a/B ) + (6/a) is:
a) (p?+2q)/q b) (p*
- 2q)/q
c) (-p* + 2q)/q d) (- p?-2q)/q

then the value of (a/B ) + (6/a) is:
a) (p?+2q)/q b) (p*
- 2q)/q
c) (-p* + 2q)/q d) (- p?-2q)/q
Answer: (b )
If a, B are the roots of ax? + bx + c= 0,

then the value of( a/B* ) + (B/a? ) is:
a) (b2 - 2ac)/ac b) (-b3 + 3abc )/a?
c) (-b? + 3abc )/ac? d) ( b2 - 2ac )/a?
If a, B are the roots of ax? + bx + c= 0,

then the value of( a/B* ) + (B/a? ) is:
a) (b2 - 2ac)/ac b) (-b3 + 3abc )/a?
c) (-b? + 3abc )/ac? d) ( b2 - 2ac )/a?
Answer: (c )
If one root of 5x? + 13x + k= 0 be the

reciprocal of the other root, the value of k is
a) 0 b)1
c) 2 d) 5
If one root of 5x? + 13x + k= 0 be the

reciprocal of the other root, the value of k is
a) 0 b)1
c) 2 d) 5
Trick
When value of roots are reciprocal of each other
term “a’ and “c” are Same ;a=5-.c=5
Answer: (d )
The roots of the Equation

ax’ + bx + c = 0 will be the Reciprocal if
a) a=b b) b=c
c) c=a d) None
The roots of the Equation

ax’ + bx + c = 0 will be the Reciprocal if
a) a=b b) b=c
c) c=a d) None
Trick
When value of roots are reciprocal of each other
term “a” and “c” are Same
Answer: (c)
The value of k for which the roots a, 6 of the Equation

x* - 6x + k= 0 satisfy the relation 3a + 2B = 20 is
a) 8 b) -8
c) 16 d) -16
The value of k for which the roots a, 6 of the Equation

x* - 6x + k= 0 satisfy the relation 3a + 2B = 20 is
a) 8 b) -8
c) 16 d) -16
Trick :
Put value of k from option in x? - 6x + k=0
& Factorize to find a & B
Now, put value of that a & § in Equation 3a + 2B = 20
And Check LHS and RHS
Answer: (d )
If «, B are the roots of the Equations 2x’ - 3x + 1=0

then the Equation whose roots are a/f and 8 /a is:
a) 2x?+5x+2=0 b) 2x?-5x-2=0
c) 2x?+5x-2=0 d) 2x*-5x+2=0
If «, B are the roots of the Equations 2x’ - 3x + 1=0

then the Equation whose roots are a/f and 8 /a is:
a) 2x2+5x+2=0 b) 2x?-5x-2=0
c) 2x?+5x-2=0 d) 2x*-5x+2=0
Trick : Sign of the Equations are Same as Sign in Que.

Answer: (d )
If a, B are the roots of the Equations x? - 3x + 2 =0

then the Equation whose roots are (a + 1) & (B+1) is:
a) x*?+5x+6=0 b) x?-5x-6=0
c) x?+5x-6=0 d) x*-5x+6=0
If a, B are the roots of the Equations x? - 3x + 2 =0

then the Equation whose roots are (a + 1) & (B+1) is:
a) x*?+5x+6=0 b) x?-5x-6=0
c) x?+5x-6=0 d) x*-5x+6=0

Answer: (d )
If a, 6B are the roots of the Equations

2x* - 5x + 7 = 0 then the Equation whose roots are
(2a + 3B) & (3a + 2B) is:
a) 2x*+25x+82=0 b) 2x*-25x-82=0
c) 2x? +25x-82=0 d) 2x?-25x+82=0
If a, 6B are the roots of the Equations

2x* - 5x + 7 = 0 then the Equation whose roots are
(2a + 3B) & (3a + 2B) is:
a) 2x*+25x+82=0 b) 2x*-25x-82=0
c) 2x? +25x-82=0 d) 2x?-25x+82=0

Answer: (d )
The Quadratic Equation whose roots are the

reciprocals of the roots of the Equation
3x2 - 20x +17 =0 is
a) 20x*-17x+3=0 b) 17x*-20x+3=0
c) 20x?+17x-3=0 d) 17x?+20x-3=0
The Quadratic Equation whose roots are the

reciprocals of the roots of the Equation
3x2 - 20x +17 =0 is
a) 20x*-17x+3=0 b) 17x*-20x+3=0
c) 20x?+17x-3=0 d) 17x?+20x-3=0
Trick : When we Interchange ai

“a” and i?
“c” the Roots of New Eqn.
oP
are Reciprocal of Original Equation - Special Five Short Cuts

Answer: (b)
If a, B are the roots of the Equations x? + kx + 12 = 0

Such That (a - 8) = 1, then Value of “k” is:
a) 0 b) +5
c) +1 d) +7
If a, B are the roots of the Equations x? + kx + 12 = 0

Such That (a - 8) = 1, then Value of “k” is:
a) 0 b) +5
c) +1 d) +7
Answer: (d )
The roots of the Equations x? + px + q = 0 are 1 and 2

the roots of the Equation qx’ - px + 1 = 0 must be:
a) 1,1/2 b) -1/2,1
c) -1,1/2 d) -1/2,-1
The roots of the Equations x? + px + q = 0 are 1 and 2

the roots of the Equation qx’ - px + 1 = 0 must be:
a) 1,1/2 b) -1/2,1
c) -1,1/2 d) -1/2,-1
Trick : Use of Special 5 Short Cut

When “a” and “c” interchange and also Value of “b” Changes
The Roots of New Equation will be
Opp. And Reciprocal Of Original Equation
Answer: (d )
Consider the Equation px? + qx + r = 0 where p, g,r

are real. The roots are Equal in Magnitude but
opposite in Sign when:
a) q=0,r=0,p+0 b) p=0,q&rz#0
c) r=0,p&q
#0 d) q=0,p&rz#0
Consider the Equation px? + qx + r = 0 where p, g,r

are real. The roots are Equal in Magnitude but
opposite in Sign when:
a) q=0,r=0,p+0 b) p=0,q&rz#0
c) r=0,p&q
#0 d) q=0,p&rz#0
Trick : Special 5 Short Cuts

Roots are Equal in Magnitude and Opp. In Sign
Only When Middle Term “b” is Zero,
But “a” and “c” are not Zero
Answer: (d )
If the equations
x? + 2x- 3 = 0 and x* + 3x-k=0
have common root, then Find the Value of “k” ?
a) 1 b) 2
c) 3 d) 4
If the equations
x? + 2x- 3 = 0 and x* + 3x-k=0
have common root, then Find the Value of “k” ?
a) 1 b) 2
c) 3 d) 4
Trick
: Solve x? + 2x -3 =0, we Getx=1lorx=-3
Put this Values in 2"¢ Equation to get Value of “k”
Which
we will get: k = 0 or k= 4
Hence, according to Option ; k = 4
Answer: (d )
If the equations 2x? - 7x + 3 = 0 and 4x?+kx-3=0

have common root, then the value of k is ?
a) -1lor4 b) -11or-4
c) 1lor-4 d) 110r4
If the equations 2x? - 7x + 3 = 0 and 4x?+kx-3=0

have common root, then the value of k is ?
a) -1lor4 b) -11or-4
c) 1lor-4 d) 110r4
Trick : Solve 2x? - 7x +3 = 0, we Getx = 3 orx=1/2

Put this Values in 2"! Equation to get Value of “k”
Which we will get: k=-11o0rk=4
Answer: (a)
The ratio of the sum and the product of the roots of

7x? -12x+18=0Ois:
a) 7:12 b) 2:3
c) 3:2 d) 7:18
The ratio of the sum and the product of the roots of

7x? -12x+18=0Ois:
a) 7:12 b) 2:3
c) 3:2 d) 7:18
Answer: (b)
Solution
Sum of the roots (12/7) _ 121

Product of the roots (18/7) ~ 7 18
The roots of the equation

=Oare:
(q -r) x? + (r- p) x+(p-q)
a) (r-p) /(q-r),1 b) (p-q) /(q-r),1

c) (q-r) /(p-4q),1 d) (r- p) /(p- q),1
The roots of the equation

=Oare:
(q -r) x? + (r- p) x+(p-q)
a) (r-p) /(q-r),1 b) (p-q) /(q-r),1

c) (q-r) /(p-4q),1 d) (r- p) /(p- q),1
Answer: (b)
Solution
Aum af webfruent
= (q-H)4+ly-p)tlp-q4) <0
“ Ont Hoot=) and 2nd < Cla
+ Roots ays d and (p-4)
(q-4)
Vidya and Vandana solved a quadratic equation. In

solving it, Vidya made a mistake in the constant term
and got the roots as 6 and 2, while Vandana made a
mistake in the coefficient of x only and obtained the
roots as - 7 and - 1. The correct roots of the equation
are:
a) 6,-1 b) -7,2
c) -6,-2 d) 7,1
Vidya and Vandana solved a quadratic equation. In

solving it, Vidya made a mistake in the constant term
and got the roots as 6 and 2, while Vandana made a
mistake in the coefficient of x only and obtained the
roots as - 7 and - 1. The correct roots of the equation
are:
a) 6,-1 b) -7,2
c) -6,-2 d) 7,1
Answer: (b)
Solution
When there is no mistake in a and b,
the sum of roots must be correct.

When there is no mistake in a and c,
product of the roots must be correct.

So Sum of the roots =(6+2)=8&
Product
of roots = (-7)(-1)=7.
So the correct Equation is x? - 8x + 7 = 0
= (x- 7) (x-1)=0
Therefore the roots are 7,1
A and B solved a quadratic equation. In solving it,

A made a mistake in the constant term and obtained
the roots as 5, - 3 while B made a mistake in the
coefficient of x and obtained the roots as 1, - 3. The
correct roots of the equation are
a)1,3 b)-1,3
c)-1,-3 d)i,-1
A and B solved a quadratic equation. In solving it,

A made a mistake in the constant term and obtained
the roots as 5, - 3 while B made a mistake in the
coefficient of x and obtained the roots as 1, - 3. The
correct roots of the equation are
a)1,3 b)-1,3
c)-1,-3 d)i,-1
Answer: (b)
Solution
Sum of roots =5+(-3)=2

Product of the roots =1(-3)=-3
Therefore Equation is x* - 2x - 3 = 0
(x-3)(x+1)=0
x=3or-1
The value of p so that x? + 5px + 16 = 0 has no real root
a) >8/5 b) <-8/5
c) Bet" -8/5&8/5 d) None of these
The value of p so that x? + 5px + 16 = 0 has no real root
a) >8/5 b) <-8/5
c) Bet" -8/5&8/5 d) None of these
Answer: (c)
Solution
For no real root, we must have D < 0.

2 2 64 % g
... 25p —-—-64<0
64 => p —
<95 P<; = or p> an;
8
beat
5 PSS
If the equation ax? - 5x + c= 0 has 10 as the sum of

the roots and also as the product of the roots, which
of the following is true ?
a)a=1/2,c=5 b)a=2,c=3
c)a=5,c=1/2 dja=3,c=2
If the equation ax? - 5x + c= 0 has 10 as the sum of

the roots and also as the product of the roots, which
of the following is true ?
a)a=1/2,c=5 b)a=2,c=3
c)a=5,c=1/2 dja=3,c=2
Answer: (a)
Solution
Sum of roots =2 and Product of roots =—.
2)
a
. 38
ss q (and C =10ie.a=>
_aq; I andc=S.
If the sum of the roots of the equation kx’ + 2x + 3k =0

is equal to their product, then the value of k is
a) 1/3 b) - 1/3
c) 2/3 d) - 2/3
If the sum of the roots of the equation kx’ + 2x + 3k =0

is equal to their product, then the value of k is
a) 1/3 b) - 1/3
c) 2/3 d) - 2/3
Answer: (d )
Solution
3k
Sum of roots = —* and Product of roots = k = 3.
_ Se _-2
-= =3 or k=.
The roots of the Equation x’ + px + q = 0 are 1 & 2.

The roots of the equation qx? - px + 1=0, is
a) 1, 1/2 b)-1/2,-1
c)-1/2,1 d) - 1,1/2
The roots of the Equation x’ + px + q = 0 are 1 & 2.

The roots of the equation qx? - px + 1=0, is
a) 1, 1/2 b)-1/2,-1
c)-1/2,1 d) - 1,1/2
Answer: (b)
Solution
1401 #q4=0,1b6 Hook any land?

+ Roots af squaton qx°-px += 0
Rule: aandc inkyenan
>. Rook wu Hci pH0cad.
MoxLoWwH Midd Lem Aran
change... Rook ax at. ]
0 Ppodite 41 gn.
Hin, New Hook ans -! and-l/o.
If the Equations 2x? - 7x+3=0&4x*+ax-3=0

have common root, then the values of “a” is:
a)-11or4 b)-11lor-4
c)11lor-4 d)ilor4
If the Equations 2x? - 7x+3=0&4x*+ax-3=0

have common root, then the values of “a” is:
a)-11or4 b)-11lor-4
c)11lor-4 d)ilor4
Answer: (a)
Solution
gy7?-4443-20 and 4x? t+ar-3=0

haul Common Hook,
’. Put valus af fa do at
22° {x43=0 in Ind Equakon
to qe Valuy at 'a’.
Fadov af 227-17 43-0 are 3& '/o
“. pU)* H(9)?4 003) -320
’.364+3a-350 7. as-Il
OC)t 4(/2)>4 a(2) -3°0

“V4 %U1-320
~» (cel ,
“ Valut af 'a' if - andy

The ratio between the roots of the equation

Ix? +nx+n=0Oisp:q,
then
the valueof J/p/JVq + Jq/Vp + Vn/V1 is:
a)1 b)3
c) 0 d)-1
The ratio between the roots of the equation

Ix? +nx+n=0Oisp:q,
then
the valueof J/p/JVq + Jq/Vp + Vn/V1 is:
a)1 b)3
c) 0 d)-1
Answer: (c)
Solution
Let a, B be the roots. Then
ai
AEE
|~ OP
5 =F +8
M
il
[ei~
| i~
¢
Which of the following is true for real values of k

for which the polynomial 2x? + 6x + k can be
factorized into a product of real linear factors ?
a)k<9/2 b)k<9/2
c)k>9/2 d)k2=9/2
Which of the following is true for real values of k

for which the polynomial 2x? + 6x + k can be
factorized into a product of real linear factors ?
a)k<9/2 b)k<9/2
c)k>9/2 d)k2=9/2
Answer: (b)
Solution
For factorization into linear factors,
we must have Delta 2 0

Hence
36 -8k20
k < 9/2 (“x” to “+” so Equality Sign Changes)
The solution set of the equation x2/3 + x!/3 -2 =0Ois:
a) {8,1} b) {8,-1}
c){-8,-1} d){- 8,1}
The solution set of the equation x2/3 + x!/3 -2 =0Ois:
a) {8,1} b) {8,-1}
c){-8,-1} d){- 8,1}
Answer: (d )
Solution
x"
The given eqn. is: y?+y -2=0, where y=
ee 2
+y-(yt 2)(V 2=-l 0 6
)=0e ya-2 or yal
x =-2 or 23215x=(-2)=-8 or x=1.
The value of x in the Equation

vx /V(-x) + V(1-x)/vVx_ is:
a) 5/13 b) 7/13
c) 9/13 d) None of these
The value of x in the Equation

vx /V(-x) + V(1-x)/vVx_ is:
a) 5/13 b) 7/13
c) 9/13 d) None of these
Answer: (c)
Solution
' 1 13 = x
. en
The giv eqn. is y+) ="¢% where y= "V7 _{
——_—
2 3
= I=AZD
=O0 OF YZ:
nN
6y" - 13y +
(2y— By-2
-3)6
i oe + 4) -02/ - +] +29 =Ois:

x2 X
a) 4 b)-2
c) 1/4 d) 1/2
i oe + 4) -02/ - +] +29 =Ois:

x2 X
a) 4 b)-2
c) 1/4 d) 1/2
Answer: (a)
Solution
l 2 2,1. 2
Put.x—+ =y so thatx’+—-2=) or x +> =y +2.
xX : x
”. Given Eqn. is 8(y" + 2)-42 +29 =0 or 8)" — 42y +45 =o
or 8)" — 12y— 30) +45 = 0.€9 (2y-3) (4-15) =e y=5 or :

Now,
1 3 2 1
ie Tondo ~ hile Get De ae oge, or 2
And, .
1 15 2 l Or.
x-v ak — See et A Sea
So, x = 4 satisfies the given equation.

2
If x + . 2. + = 4is equal to:
x 2 x
a)-2 b) 1/2
c) 0 d)-1
2
If x + . 2. + = 4is equal to:
x 2 x
a)-2 b) 1/2
c) 0 d)-1
Answer: (d )
Solution
]
Putx-—=y so thatx’+4-2=y" ievrt+te2ay +4
x x x
2
l ] 2
“ X-—~=yand|x+—|
7 y an f 7 =y"+
y +4.
So, Given Eqn. is y?+4-2y=4 or >| 3}

2 2
3
Ps
y =0
or y 2°
=—
] 2
Now, x-~=0=x -1=0>x=+1.
1 3
Ag et 2 -3x-2
6 (2
=x401) (x-2) =0
l
x
PxXr=- 5> or x=2
=.
Clearly x = - 1 Satisfies the Given Equation

The roots of the equation 4* - 3 x 2**+4+32=0 are:
a) 1,2 and3 b) 1 and2

c) land 3 d) 2 and3
The roots of the equation 4* - 3 x 2**+4+32=0 are:
a) 1,2 and3 b) 1 and2

c) land 3 d) 2 and3
Answer: (d )
Solution
Given equation Is : x 3.2" x2 - 32 =0

or 2° — 12x 2" +32=06 y*- 12y432= 0, where 2” =y
=0 -8)0-“= OSy=8 or y=4.
«(2% =8=2? > x=3] And (2% =4=27? ;- 2].
The solution
set of 5**1+52-*=126 is:
a) {1,2} b) {-1,2}
c) {1,-2 } d) {-1,-2 }
The solution
set of 5**1+52-*=126 is:
a) {1,2} b) {-1,2}
c) {1,-2 } d) {-1,-2 }
Answer: (b)
Solution
2 « ‘
Given Egn. is 5x 5°42 = 126 or y+ = 126, where

y = 5*.
Thus, Sy" — 126y +25 =0 > (y— 25) (5y-1)=065y=25 oF yet.

Now, 57 =25=5°
= x=2,
And, 5*=5=57'=x=-1,
“. Solution set is {— 1, 2}.
Out of a group of swans, (7/2) times the square root of

the number are swimming in water while two
remaining are playing on the shore. The total number
of swans is :
a) 4 b)8
c) 12 d) 16
Out of a group of swans, (7/2) times the square root of

the number are swimming in water while two
remaining are playing on the shore. The total number
of swans is:
a) 4 b)8
c) 12 d) 16
Answer: (d )
Solution
Let the numbr of swans be x.

7¢
2xx
Then, 2 Vr +2= -4=0
Vx 9
& 2)? — 7y—4=0, where y = Vx
(y+)
' -4)=0e@y=-z
l
or y=4
eo Vr=-5 or Vx =4
l
Qx=4 or x= 16.
. X= 16 (Number of swans can not be a fraction)

The Equation x? + 4x + k = 0 has real roots. Then ...
a)k 2 4 b)k s 4
c)k < 0 djk20
The Equation x? + 4x + k = 0 has real roots. Then ...
a)k 2 4 b)k s 4
c)k < 0 djk20
Answer: (b)
Solution
For Real roots we have,
D220
i.e. 16-4k 2 0
Ork s 4
x” to “+” so Equality Sign Changes
a ue it ”
The value of “k” for which x2 - 4x + k=0

has coincident roots is:
a) 4 b) -4
c)-2 d) 0
The value of “k” for which x2 - 4x + k=0

has coincident roots is:
a) 4 b) -4
c)-2 d) 0
Answer: (a)
Solution
Roots are Equal
= D=0
= 16-4k=0
= k=4

Ax' + BX +C 0: Quadratic Equation

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Ax' + BX +C 0: Quadratic Equation

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7

(— There are 3 Main Types of equations

1)| Linear Line 1 1 —_—

3) |Polynomial| Multicurve | >2 >2 q k

> Quadratic Equation Represent Curve on Graph.

> Moreover, there is a Rule - “As Much Highest Power

Where, a = Co-efficient of “ x?”

Identify a, b,c in Below Equations

Where, a = Co-efficient of “ x?”

Identify a, b,c in Below Equations

Factorization Method Formula Method

a) If Perfect Square:| x?-17x+30=0

A>0 b) If Not P. Square x?-8x+9=0 = 44/17

Case -2 Two Equal / x? - 6x +9 =0

Example 1: Find Eqn. Whose Roots are 3 and - 8.

Example 1: Find Eqn. Whose Roots are 3 and - 8.

Example 2 : Find Eqn. Whose Roots are 12 and - 5.

Example 2 : Find Eqn. Whose Roots are 12 and - 5.

Equation : 3x? - kx + 12 = 0 has two identical / same roots

Equation : 9x’ - 2kx + 1 = 0 has Real Roots

Example 3 : Explanation through Number Line

Equation : 3x* - kx + 12 = 0 gives Imaginary Roots.

*» k <-12 ork 2 12 between -12 & 12

ie. -12 < k < 12

Example 4 : Explanation through Number Line

<<. -12 0 12 ——————>

If b=0,a&cz#0| InEgn. x2 - 9 = 0, The Roots

(6 ) - Most Imp. as (7, 8 & 9) are Derived From (6)

a B oF + BF “b+ sabe) - b? + 3abc

Exam Oriented Practice

If a, B are the roots of x? - px+ q = 0,

If a, B are the roots of x? - px+ q = 0,

If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, B are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, 6 are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, 6 are the roots of the Quadratic Equation

If a, B are the roots of x? - px+ q = 0,

If a, B are the roots of x? - px+ q = 0,

If a, B are the roots of ax? + bx + c= 0,

If a, B are the roots of ax? + bx + c= 0,

If one root of 5x? + 13x + k= 0 be the

If one root of 5x? + 13x + k= 0 be the

The roots of the Equation

The roots of the Equation

The value of k for which the roots a, 6 of the Equation

The value of k for which the roots a, 6 of the Equation

If «, B are the roots of the Equations 2x’ - 3x + 1=0

If «, B are the roots of the Equations 2x’ - 3x + 1=0

Trick : Sign of the Equations are Same as Sign in Que.

If a, B are the roots of the Equations x? - 3x + 2 =0

If a, B are the roots of the Equations x? - 3x + 2 =0

Trick : Sign of the Equations are Same as Sign in Que.

If a, 6B are the roots of the Equations